chuckanut village marsh water quality …...chuckanut bay (nes 2008). the chuckanut creek pocket...
TRANSCRIPT
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement
Monitoring Report CCWF Grant Number G0900085
City of Bellingham Environmental Resources Division
Public Works Department 2221 Pacific Street
Bellingham, WA 98229
Prepared: July 2013
This page intentionally left blank.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement i
Monitoring Report 2013
Executive Summary This technical report summarizes water quality monitoring data collected at
Chuckanut Village Marsh in Bellingham, Washington. The City of Bellingham
Public Works Department, Natural Resources Division conducted the water
quality monitoring from April 2010 through June 2013 to document possible
hydrologic and water quality changes resulting from the Chuckanut Village
Marsh culvert removal project (“the project”) completed in March 2011.
The Chuckanut Village Marsh (also known as the Fairhaven Street Marsh,
hereafter referred to as “the marsh”) is located at the west end of Fairhaven
Avenue in Bellingham, Washington (Figure 1). The marsh is a wetland complex
adjacent to a marine pocket estuary at the northern end of Chuckanut Bay, north
of Chuckanut Creek. One of the goals of the culvert removal project was to
remove an undersized culvert and enhance the outlet channel to provide juvenile
salmon increased access to rearing habitat in the marsh. The culvert removal
was anticipated to have a slight increase in water exchange between the marine
and terrestrial environments, potentially resulting in very minor improvements
to water quality, increased nutrient exchange and a slight increase in sediment
transport. The removal of the road, parking area and culvert were also designed
to provide increased intertidal habitat.
The objectives of the water quality monitoring were established to establish a
pre-project baseline and assess changes in water quality within the marsh
resulting from culvert removal. Four water quality parameters were monitored
within the marsh: temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and
salinity. These parameters were selected to assess changes in tidal influence
within the marsh and suitability of the marsh as fish habitat. Water quality
monitoring was conducted at nine permanent water quality sampling stations.
Seven of the nine water quality stations were located within the delineated
wetland (marsh) area (Stations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9). The remaining two (Stations
1 and 2) were situated on either side of the previous culvert location.
Monthly sampling began in April 2010 and ended in June 2013. Ten monthly
data sets were collected from each of the nine stations prior to the removal of the
culvert and 28 monthly data sets were collected after removal. If water was not
present at a station no data was collected. Data were only collected at a given
station when water depth was sufficient to fully submerge the water quality
probes. Since the marsh is tidally influenced and freshwater entering the system
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement ii
Monitoring Report 2013
is seasonal, water was not present at all stations during all sampling sessions.
This resulted in discontinuities in the data, making it difficult to detect data
trends in the limited sampling period.
The results presented in this report are based on visual interpretation of the data.
No statistical analysis was run as a part of this reporting. All nine permanent
water quality stations experienced periods where water was absent during the
sampling period. Station 1 was dry more frequently after the culvert
replacement; conversely Station 2 was dry less frequently after the replacement.
Water was present at Station 6 during all sampling periods except for a single
low tide event in August 2010. Data from a few DO, salinity, and specific
conductance measurements were omitted due to equipment or measurement
errors, still Station 6 had the most consistent record of the nine stations. Overall
the culvert removal did not appear to change the frequency of dry events at other
stations.
The culvert removal appears to have established a more regular connection
between the primary north/south ditch and the marine environment. The ditch is
influenced by freshwater inputs entering from the north and the marine tidal
influence from the south. Tidal influence changes beyond the primary ditch are
not clear from the available data. Prior to the culvert removal, data at the
sampling stations were scattered and patterns are difficult to detect due to the
limited sampling period and frequent dry periods. The data suggests that Station
3 is primarily influenced by freshwater flowing in the ditch from the east.
Stations 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 interface with marine events, but not on a regular basis.
Station 1, 2 and 6 have a more consistent connection with the marine system, but
also are influenced by freshwater moving through the system.
Chuckanut Village Marsh appears to continue to provide high functioning
estuarine wetland habitat. The data indicates that since the culvert was removed
the water quality parameters are functioning in a similar manner as before the
culvert was removed. Increased tidal action is present near the outlet of the
marsh with evidence of occasional large marine inputs as evidenced by
photographs of marine algae drift in the interior of the marsh.
Based on the water quality monitoring and supplemental seining surveys
conducted pre and post project by the Whatcom County Marine Resources
Committee, the most influential change to fish habitat resulting from the culvert
removal project appears to be improved access to rearing habitat for juvenile
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement iii
Monitoring Report 2013
salmon. Other project related habitat benefits included the removal of vehicles
from the beach, the reestablishment of native vegetation in the previous parking
area, and increased community stewardship education.
If sampling continues, we recommend collecting the following additional data to
provide a greater understanding of the interaction of the marsh and the marine
system:
1. Continue seining surveys in the bay and within the marsh.
2. Monitor vegetation communities within the marsh five years after the
culvert removal to detect any change.
3. Monitor beach improvements such as vegetation re-establishment.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement iv
Monitoring Report 2013
This page intentionally left blank.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement v
Monitoring Report 2013
Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Report Purpose .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background ............................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Project Description.................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Project Goals and Objectives .................................................................................... 6
1.4.1 Project Goals ...................................................................................................... 6 1.4.2 Monitoring Objectives ....................................................................................... 6
2.0 Monitoring Methods ..................................................................................................... 8 3.0 Results ......................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Temperature ............................................................................................................ 13 3.2 Dissolved Oxygen ................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Salinity and Specific Conductance ......................................................................... 20
4.0 Discussion ................................................................................................................... 22 4.1 Water Quality Parameters ....................................................................................... 22 4.2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 26
5.0 Fish Presence .............................................................................................................. 26
5.1 Fish Access ............................................................................................................. 26 5.2 Fish Habitat Conditions .......................................................................................... 29 5.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 30
6.0 Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 31
List of Figures Figure 1. Overview of the Marsh. ....................................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Pre-existing Culvert. ............................................................................................ 3 Figure 3. Vehicles parking on beach prior to culvert removal. .......................................... 3 Figure 4. Direct observation of marine algae washed into the marsh during a high tide
event. ................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 5. New box culvert and pedestrian footbridge......................................................... 5
Figure 6. New pedestrian path between the footbridge and estuary. .................................. 5 Figure 7. New pedestrian path between the footbridge and estuary. .................................. 6 Figure 8. Study Boundaries................................................................................................. 8 Figure 9. Sampling Stations. ............................................................................................... 9 Figure 10. Surface sample temperatures at high tide. ....................................................... 14
Figure 11. Dissolved oxygen levels at high and low tides at Station 4. ........................... 19 Figure 12. Dissolved oxygen levels at different tidal elevations at Station 8. .................. 19 Figure 13. Dissolved oxygen levels at different tidal elevations at Station 4. .................. 23 Figure 14. Salinity levels at Station 2. .............................................................................. 23
Figure 15. Salinity levels at Station 6. .............................................................................. 24
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement vi
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 16. Comparing salinity levels at Stations 2 and 6, high tide surface samples only.
........................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 17. Salinity stratification at Station 6. ................................................................... 25 Figure 18. Salinity stratification at Station 8. ................................................................... 25 Figure 19. Sorting specimens during seining surveys. ..................................................... 27 Figure 20. Chinook salmon smolt from beach seine in Chuckanut Bay. .......................... 28 Figure 21. Temperatures and WRIA salmonid thresholds (Smith, 2002). ....................... 29 Figure 22. Dissolved oxygen levels and WRIA salmonid thresholds (Smith, 2002) ....... 30
List of Tables Table 1. Combined Water Temperature data from all Stations pre and post culvert
removal* ........................................................................................................................... 14
Table 2. Water Temperature data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal*
........................................................................................................................................... 15 Table 3. Water Temperature data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert
removal* ........................................................................................................................... 16 Table 4. Water Temperature data from Stations8and 9 pre and post culvert removal* ... 16 Table 5. Combined Dissolved Oxygen data from all Stations pre and post culvert
removal* ........................................................................................................................... 17
Table 6. DO data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal* ..................... 17
Table 7. DO data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert removal* ................... 18
Table 8. DO data from Stations 8 and 9 pre and post culvert removal* ........................... 19
Table 9. Combined Salinity data from all Stations pre and post culvert removal* .......... 20 Table 10. Salinity data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal* ............. 21 Table 11. Salinity data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert removal* .......... 21
Table 12. Water DO data from Stations 8 and 9 pre and post culvert removal* .............. 22
Table 13. MRC seining survey results .............................................................................. 28
Appendices A. References
B. Water Quality Data
C. Graphs
D. Station Photographs
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 1
Monitoring Report 2013
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Report Purpose
This technical report summarizes water quality monitoring data collected at
Chuckanut Village Marsh in Bellingham, Washington. The City of Bellingham
Public Works Department, Natural Resources Division conducted the water
quality monitoring from April 2010 through June 2013 to document possible
hydrologic and water quality changes resulting from the Chuckanut Village
Marsh culvert removal project (“the project”) completed in March 2011. This
report was prepared in accordance with the project’s Quality Assurance Project
Plan (QAPP) (City of Bellingham [COB] 2010).
1.2 Background
The Chuckanut Village Marsh (also known as the Fairhaven Street Marsh,
hereafter referred to as “the marsh”) is located at the west end of Fairhaven
Avenue in Bellingham, Washington (Figure 1). The marsh is a wetland complex
adjacent to a marine pocket estuary at the northern end of Chuckanut Bay, north
of Chuckanut Creek. The marsh is located on the north side of Fairhaven
Avenue and extends from the marine mean high water line eastward to the edge
of the developed area and north to the toe of a southeast-facing slope below Sea
Pines Road. Surface flow exiting the marsh is directed into a primary channel.
The channel enters the marsh in the northeast and exits near the southwest
corner. The channel crosses under Fairhaven Avenue before outflowing into
Chuckanut Bay (NES 2008). The Chuckanut Creek pocket estuary provides the
highest functioning habitat of its type in the City of Bellingham (NES 2006).
Furthermore, the marsh provides moderate to high water quality and hydrologic
wetland functions as defined by the Western Washington Wetland Rating
System (NES 2008).
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 2
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 1. Overview of the Marsh.
Prior to implementation of the project, an unpaved access road extended from
Fairhaven Avenue to a gravel parking area on the beach. Vehicle access to the
beach resulted in degradation of natural vegetation and pollutants from cars
entering the marine system. The marsh was connected to Chuckanut Bay by an
18-inch diameter culvert which extended for 27 feet under Fairhaven Avenue at a
slope of 1.1%. The culvert likely restricted fish passage between the marine
system into the marsh based on its size and position (NES 2008, Coastal Geologic
Services 2007).
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 3
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 2. Pre-existing Culvert.
Figure 3. Vehicles parking on beach prior to culvert removal.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 4
Monitoring Report 2013
The findings from the Chuckanut Village Marsh Characterization indicated that
the marsh was influenced by the adjacent marine system, but at only high tides
equal to or greater than 9.0+ feet influenced the majority of the marsh (NES 2008).
Tides of this height typically occur around 100 times a year and were indicated to
be important in maintaining the marsh vegetation communities (NES 2008)
(Figure 4). The marsh outlet stream and the marine water were connected at tides
of 6.6+ feet, events that typically occur more than 600 times a year. Fish may have
had the potential to enter and exit the marsh from the marine system during
tides of 6.6+ and above (NES 2008).
Figure 4. Direct observation of marine algae washed into the marsh during a high tide event.
1.3 Project Description
The project involved removing vehicle access to the marine beach; removing the
18-inch culvert and replacing it with an 11 foot long by 6 foot wide bottomless
concrete box culvert; removing derelict concrete structures in the nearshore; the
addition of a pedestrian footbridge on top of the box culvert; restoring the
previous parking area with native vegetation; and providing alternative parking
away from the beach and marsh. Educational signage and a pet waste station
were also included in the project. The project was completed in March 2011.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 5
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 5. New box culvert and pedestrian footbridge.
Figure 6. New pedestrian path between the footbridge and estuary.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 6
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 7. New pedestrian path between the footbridge and estuary.
1.4 Project Goals and Objectives
1.4.1 Project Goals One of the goals of the project was to remove an undersized culvert and enhance
the outlet channel to provide juvenile salmon increased access to rearing habitat
in the marsh. The culvert removal was anticipated to have a slight increase in
water exchange between the marine and terrestrial environments, potentially
resulting in very minor improvements to water quality, increased nutrient
exchange and a slight increase in sediment transport. The removal of the road,
parking area and culvert were also designed to provide increased intertidal
habitat (NES 2008).
The following monitoring objectives were established to assess the effects of the
removal of the culvert on the water quality within the marsh (COB 2010).
1.4.2 Monitoring Objectives 1. Establish baseline water quality conditions prior to restoration of the
marsh (removal of the culvert).
2. Continue water quality monitoring after completion of the restoration
(post culvert removal) project in order to document changes in water
quality conditions at the marsh.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 7
Monitoring Report 2013
Four water quality parameters were monitored within the marsh: temperature,
dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and salinity. These parameters were
selected to assess changes in tidal influence within the marsh and suitability of
the marsh as fish habitat.
Water temperature is an important measure of water quality because all aquatic
organisms are dependent upon certain temperature ranges for optimal health
and reproduction. Water temperature also has a direct impact on dissolved
oxygen levels (COB 2010).
Aquatic organisms require oxygen to survive. Oxygen in water is measured in
its dissolved form, dissolved oxygen (DO). Dissolved oxygen varies directly in
response to atmospheric pressure and water temperature. Higher atmospheric
pressure results in higher oxygen solubility in water and higher DO. Higher
temperatures result in lower oxygen solubility and lower DO. Photosynthesis by
aquatic plants and the turbulence of running water both increase DO. Dissolved
oxygen levels vary seasonally. Dissolved oxygen is also affected by inputs of
pollution. Feces from animals and failing septic systems, grass clippings, leaves
and woody debris, and urban and agricultural runoff all contain organic matter
that is decomposed by microorganisms, which consume oxygen in the
decomposition process and can thus reduce DO (COB 2010). Dissolved oxygen
varies inversely with salinity. Increasing salinity decreases the ability of water to
hold dissolved oxygen.
Specific conductance (SpC) and salinity are dependent on many factors. Natural
variation can be due to the type of rocks weathered in the watershed,
precipitation levels, the chemical composition of the precipitation (which is
largely dependent on distance from the ocean) and the relative contribution of
ground water to total flow (Allan 1995). Evaporation can also contribute to
increased SpC and salinity levels by concentrating ions in water. In urban
settings, pollution from point and non-point sources can contribute to the
amount of dissolved ions in water, increasing SpC and salinity. In marine
estuaries, SpC and salinity are heavily influenced by tidal action. Salinity and
temperature also affect the density of water, which can result in salinity
stratification (COB 2010).
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 8
Monitoring Report 2013
2.0 Monitoring Methods 2.1 Study Area Water quality monitoring stations were located within the five-acre wetland area.
Water quality stations were chosen to cover a range of potential tidal influence.
Figure 8. Study Boundaries.
2.2 Field Methodology Water quality monitoring was conducted at nine permanent water quality
sampling stations (Figure 9). Seven of the nine water quality stations were
located within the delineated wetland (marsh) area (Stations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9).
The remaining two (Stations 1 and 2) were situated on either side of the previous
culvert location (COB 2010). Appendix D includes photographs of the station
locations.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 9
Monitoring Report 2013
Monitoring stations established for preliminary salinity testing in the 2008
wetland characterization study (NES 2008) were adopted for this water quality
monitoring program. Station 1 was located at the outlet of the preexisting
culvert, on the marine side. Station 2, 3 and 6 were located in internal drainage
ditches, which have a direct connection to tidal effects and provide potential fish
access. Stations 4, 5 and 7 were located in a lower elevation area, while Stations 8
and 9 were at higher relative elevations (COB 2010).
Figure 9. Sampling Stations.
Temperature, DO, specific conductance and salinity were the parameters
measured in situ at each of the nine sampling stations. Data were collected once
a month on a day which had a high tide exceeding 7.0 feet. Data from the high
and low tide conditions were collected at each sampling station during a single
sampling day. When sufficient water depth existed, two measurements were
taken at each station to detect any stratification: just below the water surface
(water quality meter probe submerged) and six inches below the water surface,
or the bottom, whichever was first. One set of field duplicate measurements was
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 10
Monitoring Report 2013
also collected per sampling day. This analysis focuses on surface water data
(collected in the upper six inches of the water column). Due to insufficient water
depths, it was not possible to collect data below six inches (e.g. bottom) at many
stations in number of cases. Therefore, this report has focused its discussion on
surface sample results (COB 2010).
A Quanta Hydrolab water quality meter was used for data collection. Each day
the Hydrolab was calibrated per manufacturer’s recommendations and QAPP
protocols prior to use, and a post-calibration check was conducted immediately
after calibration to ensure an accurate calibration. In the field, a duplicate sample
was collected at one station per day. A field duplicate is a second sample from
the same station using identical sampling procedures. After the station was
sampled (including both stratification measurements) the transmitter was
removed from the water for one minute. The station was then sampled a second
time using the same procedure. After field data collection, one additional post-
sampling check was conducted after use in the field to ensure that instrument
drift did not occur during use. Certified standards of known concentration were
used to assess the performance of the Hydrolab post-calibration and post-
sampling. The calibration checks were used to assess the quality of the data as
part of the data validation. All water quality data were evaluated against the
project measurement quality objectives (MQOs) defined in the QAPP (COB
2010).
All field monitoring results and observations were recorded on pre-printed data
sheets located in a designated project folder. Data sheets were checked for
legibility and completeness before leaving the site location (COB 2010).
Field data was entered into spreadsheets monthly and reviewed to ensure that all
data was validated before preparing the final project report. Validation involved
review of all data for possible transcription errors, missing data, and improbable
values when importing data from field sheets to the project spreadsheets (COB
2010).
Problems encountered in the field were recorded in field notes with reasons for
missing data or anomalous data points. If alternate sampling equipment was
used, these substitutions were documented and the data annotated in the final
report. If data were excluded from the data report, documentation will be
provided to explain the reason for its absence, including statements concerning
equipment malfunction, repair, or substitution (COB 2010).
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 11
Monitoring Report 2013
All water quality data collected in support of these grants has been submitted to
the Washington State Department of Ecology’s Environmental Information
Management System (EIM) Database annually (COB 2010).
Chuckanut Village Marsh is located in an Area of Moderate Concern for aquatic
invasive species (Washington State Department of Ecology 2010). Therefore,
sampling was conducted using methods and inspectable equipment to minimize
contact with potential sources of aquatic invasive species. Only rubber boots and
waders were used for sampling; no felt-soled wading boots. All equipment,
including boots and water quality probes, were visually inspected for mud,
algae, plant parts and other debris and any such debris was cleaned by scrubbing
and rinsing until visually clean. Equipment was dried thoroughly after use.
Data verification is a quality assurance review process to determine the
completeness and quality of data. Data verification ensures that all quality
control samples meet the acceptance criteria as specified in the standard
operating procedure for that method. Preliminary data verification occurred in
the field before leaving the site. This included reviewing field notes for
completeness, errors and consistency. Duplicate measurements and
documentation of conditions in field notes support verification of field
measurements.
Field personnel ensured that methods and protocols specified in the Quality
Assurance Project Plan were followed, including instrument calibrations and
quality control checks. Evaluation criteria included the acceptability of
instrument calibrations, post-calibration and post-sampling calibration checks,
and results from duplicate field samples. Precision was estimated by calculating
the relative percent difference for field duplicate results. Analytical bias was
assumed to be within acceptable limits if quality control limits are achieved for
check standards. Sampling bias was assessed by verifying that the correct
sampling and handling procedures were used.
All data were reviewed to determine if results met measurement quality
objectives and verify that proper protocols were followed and that data were
consistent, correct, and complete. Based on these assessments, the data was
either; accepted, accepted with appropriate qualifications, or rejected. Reviewed
and validated data were submitted to the EIM database annually.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 12
Monitoring Report 2013
3.0 Results This report summarizes both baseline data collected approximately one year
prior to the culvert removal and two years post action. The results presented
herein are based on visual interpretation of the data. No statistical analysis was
run as a part of this reporting.
Monthly sampling began in April 2010 and ended in June 2013. Ten monthly
data sets were collected from each of the nine stations prior to the removal of the
culvert and 28 monthly data sets were collected after removal. If water was not
present at a station no data was collected (Appendix B). Data were only collected
at a given station when water depth was sufficient to fully submerge the water
quality probes. Since the marsh is tidally influenced and freshwater entering the
system is seasonal, water was not present at all stations during all sampling
sessions. This resulted in discontinuities in the data, making it difficult to detect
data trends in the limited sampling period. Appendix B to this report includes
the raw water quality data and Appendix C includes graphs based on the raw
data.
Data reported within this analysis include surface water measurements recorded
at high and low tides for each of the four water quality parameters described
above. For the purpose of this report, bottom water measurements are only
included in the discussion regarding stratification (Section 4.0 Discussion,
below), as most stations did not have sufficient depth most of the time to provide
“bottom” readings.
All nine permanent water quality stations experienced periods where water was
absent during the sampling period. Station 1 was dry more frequently after the
culvert replacement; conversely Station 2 was dry less frequently after the
replacement. Water was present at Station 6 during all sampling periods except
for a single low tide event in August 2010. Data from a few DO, salinity, and
specific conductance measurements were omitted due to equipment or
measurement errors, still Station 6 had the most consistent record of the nine
stations. Overall the culvert removal did not appear to change the frequency of
dry events at other stations.
The results for each of the four parameters are described in the sections below.
The results are grouped according to their location in the marsh:
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 13
Monitoring Report 2013
Stations 1, 2 and 6: these stations are all located along the primary ditch
within the marsh. Stations 1 and 2 provide a pathway for fish access and
Station 6 provides potential fish rearing and foraging habitat.
Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7: these stations are located off the main ditch and
within the interior of the marsh and do not provide direct fish habitat; and
Stations 8 and 9: these stations are located furthest and are most isolated
from the ditch and also do not provide direct fish habitat.
For each of the four parameters, data is presented in two table formats. The first
table format (Tables 1, 5, and 9) is a summary of high and low tide data and
bottom and surface data combined. This summary table format presents mean,
median, minimum, maximum and range of each data set and shows general
overall trends within a parameter before and after the culvert removal. The
second table format (Tables 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12) only includes data from
select stations and only include data from high tide and surface measurements.
This second table format shows more specific information on how each
parameter responds across the sampling period at each station. The data from
the low tide and bottom collections were not included as they were not
consistently present across all stations for all samplings.
3.1 Temperature
Water temperatures were consistent with seasonal variations at all stations. The
seasonal patterns can be seen in Figure 10 below. Many stations had dry periods
resulting in data gaps; however, the overall trend was for higher water
temperatures to occur during the summer months and cooler temperatures
during the winter months. The range was about 30°C across the sampling period.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 14
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 10. Surface sample temperatures at high tide.
Table 1 presents the combined mean values for all water temperature data for
both pre and post culvert conditions. The maximum water temperature
encountered was 31°C at Station 4 in July of 2012. The minimum water
temperature recorded was 0.15°C at Station 6 in January of 2012. The median and
mean water temperatures were slightly lower prior to the culvert removal than
after.
Table 1. Combined Water Temperature data from all Stations pre and post culvert removal*
Project Status Median Temperature
(°C)
Mean Temperature
(°C)
Min Temperature
(°C)
Max Temperature
(°C)
Range
(°C)
Pre culvert 10.59 8.67 1.05 28.23 27.18
Post Culvert 11.82 11.11 0.15 31.18 31.03
* high and low tide, surface and bottom samples
Stations 1, 2, and 6
Table 2 presents water temperature values for Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post
culvert replacement. Stations 1 and 2 displayed very similar patterns and
temperature values to each other. The patterns and values were also similar pre
and post culvert removal. Although many low tide events resulted in dry
conditions at these two stations, where present, there was a trend for low tide
conditions to have lower temperatures than high tide conditions.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 15
Monitoring Report 2013
Table 2. Water Temperature data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Temperature
(°C)
Median Temperature
(°C)
Min Temperature
(°C)
Max Temperature
(°C)
Range
(°C)
1 Pre culvert
12.56 11.87 3.08 22.25 19.17
1 Post Culvert
11.00 9.00 0.19 24.36 24.17
2 Pre culvert
10.56 9.24 2.89 21.90 19.01
2 Post Culvert
11.30 11.98 0.21 25.13 24.92
6 Pre culvert
10.99 9.75 2.99 22.28 19.29
6 Post Culvert
10.19 10.46 0.15 20.31 20.16
* high tide, surface samples only
Station 6 did not experience drying but showed similar trends as Stations 1 and
2. Station 6 experienced the lowest recorded temperatures during the sampling
period. All three stations experienced temperatures near 1°C during a January
event, but most often the winter low temperatures were around 3°C and summer
high temperatures were between 22°C and 25°C. The range between low and
high temperatures was a few degrees higher in the post culvert condition. Other
trends and patterns may not have been detectable due to limited data available
prior to the culvert removal.
Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7
Table 3 presents water temperature values for Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post
culvert replacement. Stations 3, 4, 5, and 7 experienced frequent drying events.
No other patterns or trends were detected. This may have been due to the limited
data available prior to the culvert removal.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 16
Monitoring Report 2013
Table 3. Water Temperature data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Temperature
(°C)
Median Temperature
(°C)
Min Temperature
(°C)
Max Temperature
(°C)
Range
(°C)
3 Pre culvert
8.43 6.99 3.44 17.76 14.32
3 Post Culvert
9.89 10.07 4.84 16.31 21.15
4 Pre culvert
12.28 8.52 3.97 21.09 17.12
4 Post Culvert
15.09 11.90 5.72 31.18 25.46
5 Pre culvert
6.37 6.44 2.73 16.50 13.77
5 Pre culvert
11.48 9.10 4.44 23.84 19.40
7 Post Culvert
10.25 8.01 3.71 27.36 23.65
7 Post Culvert
12.59 10.43 4.22 27.79 23.57
*high tide, surface samples only
Stations 8 and 9
Table 4 presents water temperature values for Station 8 and 9 pre and post
culvert replacement. Stations 8 and 9 displayed very similar values to each other
in both low and high tide conditions. Due to the limited data available prior to
the culvert removal, it was not possible to determine changes in patterns or
trends. Table 4. Water Temperature data from Stations8and 9 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Temperature
(°C)
Median Temperature
(°C)
Min Temperature
(°C)
Max Temperature
(°C)
Range
(°C)
8 Pre culvert
10.20 9.76 1.05 19.19 18.14
8 Post Culvert
13.26 13.48 4.30 23.96 19.66
9 Pre culvert
9.73 8.79 1.63 19.50 17.87
9 Post Culvert
12.29 13.11 3.40 24.10 20.70
* high tide, surface samples only
3.2 Dissolved Oxygen
Table 5 presents the combined mean values for DO. The maximum DO level
recorded during the sampling period was 21.65 mg/L at Station 4 in March of
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 17
Monitoring Report 2013
2012 during a minus low tide; conversely the lowest DO level was 0.09 mg/L
recorded at Station 9 in May 2013 which was also a minus low tide. The range
between minimum and maximum DO levels was greater after the culvert was
removed than when present. The mean and median DO levels were similar to
each other and similar in both the pre and post culvert removal conditions. High
DO levels often corresponded with low tide events, particularly at Stations 4 and
8. There was a trend for DO levels to be slightly higher in the Stations associated
with the ditch (Stations 1, 2 and 6) than the others. Table 5. Combined Dissolved Oxygen data from all Stations pre and post culvert removal*
* high and low tide, surface and bottom samples
Stations 1, 2, 6
Table 6 presents the DO values for Station 1, 2 and 6 pre and post culvert
replacement. The mean values for DO are very similar, but Stations 1 and 2
display slightly higher median DO levels than observed at Station 6. DO means
and ranges were similar to each other both pre and post culvert removal where
data was present. Table 6. DO data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean DO (mg/L)
Median DO (mg/L)
Min DO (mg/L)
Max DO (mg/L)
Range (mg/L)
1 Pre culvert
6.88 7.56 0.13 11.51 11.38
1 Post Culvert
8.72 8.77 2.33 14.92 12.59
2 Pre culvert
8.08 8.11 5.80 11.48 5.68
2 Post Culvert
8.12 8.52 2.62 14.26 11.64
6 Pre culvert
6.08 5.93 0.80 11.28 10.48
6 Post Culvert
5.34 5.46 0.40 10.57 10.17
* high tide, surface samples only
Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7
Table 7 presents the DO values for Station 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert
replacement. Station 3 had the lowest mean and median values for DO of all the
stations and also had a very narrow range between minimum and maximum
Project Status
Median DO Mean DO Min DO Max DO Range
Pre culvert 5.57 5.27 0.13 12.52 12.39
Post Culvert 5.80 5.85 0.09 21.65 21.56
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 18
Monitoring Report 2013
DO. The DO levels were similar in both the pre and post culvert removal
conditions.
The mean and median DO levels were similar between Stations 4, 5 and 7, except
the post removal mean and median DO for Station 4 which is notably higher.
Station 4 had the largest shift in mean and median DO levels between the pre
and post culvert replacement (5.6 mg/L). The other stations experienced minimal
change (approx. 1 mg/L).
Table 7. DO data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean DO (mg/L)
Median DO (mg/L)
Min DO (mg/L)
Max DO (mg/L)
Range (mg/L)
3 Pre culvert
2.06 2.05 0.94 4.67 3.73
3 Post Culvert
2.03 1.47 0.42 9.07 8.65
4 Pre culvert
4.94 4.34 0.33 20.55 20.22
4 Post Culvert
10.55 9.72 1.68 21.65 19.97
5 Pre culvert
4.70 3.35 1.41 10.77 9.37
5 Pre culvert
5.09 4.44 0.49 14.18 13.69
7 Post Culvert
6.65 7.45 0.40 12.52 12.12
7 Post Culvert
7.14 7.11 1.12 13.66 12.54
*high tide, surface samples only
Stations 3 and 7 showed no detectable trends. Stations 3 and 7 experienced many
drying events and lacked data associated with low tide events. The data also
showed occasional events of higher DO during low tide events at Stations 4 and
5. We would have expected the inverse situation, with low DO during low tide
events since incoming marine water would be expected to have higher DO levels.
This phenomenon is illustrated in Figure 11 below.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 19
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 11. Dissolved oxygen levels at high and low tides at Station 4.
Stations 8 and 9
Table 8 presents the DO values for Station 8 and 9 pre and post culvert
replacement. Stations 8 and 9 displayed mixed results. In some cases DO was
higher during low tides and with others is higher during high tides (Figure 12).
There may be a correlation to tidal cycles, air temperature, and/or
photosynthesis, but additional sampling and analysis would be required to
discern any such trends. Mean and median DO values did not vary highly
between pre and post culvert conditions. Station 9 presented higher minimum
DO levels in the pre culvert samplings than after or when compared to Station 8. Table 8. DO data from Stations 8 and 9 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean DO (mg/L)
Median DO (mg/L)
Min DO (mg/L)
Max DO (mg/L)
Range (mg/L)
8 Pre culvert
3.25 3.03 0.40 8.94 8.54
8 Post Culvert
3.36 2.63 0.13 17.44 17.31
9 Pre culvert
5.91 4.81 1.00 12.03 11.03
9 Post Culvert
4.86 4.21 0.24 11.12 10.88
* high tide, surface samples only
Figure 12. Dissolved oxygen levels at different tidal elevations at Station 8.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 20
Monitoring Report 2013
3.3 Salinity and Specific Conductance
Salinity and Specific Conductance have been reported together as conductivity
is used to measure salinity and results were very similar. Table 9 presents the
combined mean values for salinity.
Table 9. Combined Salinity data from all Stations pre and post culvert removal*
* high and low tide, surface and bottom samples
Salinity within the sampling area ranged from a maximum value of 32.87 PSS at
Station 6 on a high tide in August 2010 to a low value of 0.12 PSS on May 11,
2010 on a low tide. The median salinity pre culvert replacement was 2.68 PSS
verses 4.14 PSS after the replacement. The mean also shifted with the culvert
replacement with the pre-replacement mean salinity at 6.63 PSS and after the
replacement it was 8.27 PSS. SpC values followed similar trends.
Stations 1, 2, 6
Table 10 presents the salinity values for Station 1, 2 and 6 pre and post culvert
replacement. Stations 1 and 2 tended to have the highest salinity readings.
Stations 1 and 2 displayed similar wide variations between low and high tide.
The range may have increased slightly after removal of the culvert but we could
not detect if this is significant. In comparison with Stations 1 and2, Stations 6
displayed more steady values between high and low tide events.
No clear differences were detected, but there may be a slight decrease in salinity
at Station 6 after the culvert removal. This may be explained if heavier
precipitation occurred during post event monitoring years.
Project Status Median Salinity (PSS)
Mean Salinity (PSS)
Min Salinity (PSS)
Max Salinity (PSS)
Range (PSS)
Pre culvert 2.68 6.63 0.12 32.87 32.75
Post Culvert 4.15 8.27 0.12 29.24 29.12
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 21
Monitoring Report 2013
Table 10. Salinity data from Stations 1, 2, and 6 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Salinity (PSS)
Median Salinity
(PSS)
Min Salinity (PSS)
Max Salinity (PSS)
Range (PSS)
1 Pre culvert
7.23 3.21 0.13 11.51 11.38
1 Post Culvert
10.18 4.16 2.33 14.93 12.60
2 Pre culvert
5.54 0.69 0.25 26.86 0.25
2 Post Culvert
10.16 20.19 0.23 29.16 28.93
6 Pre culvert
3.28 0.36 0.12 20.48 20.36
6 Post Culvert
2.47 0.44 0.12 18.99 18.87
* high tide, surface samples only
Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7
Table 11 presents the salinity values for Station 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert
replacement. Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 all have inconsistent data and trends were not
discernible. Station 7 displayed the lowest salinity values of this guild prior to
the culvert removal; this trend continued post culvert removal. However, the
range between minimum and maximum salinity values changed substantially
post culvert removal. Station 7 had very similar mean and maximum salinity
values to Station 6. There may be underlying correlations with tides, but it is
difficult to detect.
Table 11. Salinity data from Stations 3, 4, 5 and 7 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Salinity (PSS)
Median Salinity
(PSS)
Min Salinity (PSS)
Max Salinity (PSS)
Range (PSS)
3 Pre culvert
7.14 5.25 3.67 14.24 10.57
3 Post Culvert
8.40 7.61 1.91 21.77 19.86
4 Pre culvert
9.69 9.65 1.11 22.85 21.74
4 Post Culvert
12.55 12.01 2.55 27.82 25.27
5 Pre culvert
5.33 5.4 0.90 14.18 13.83
5 Pre culvert
6.95 4.51 0.35 22.60 22.25
7 Post Culvert
2.18 2.41 0.65 2.91 2.26
7 Post Culvert
4.68 2.93 0.48 18.79 18.31
* high tide, surface samples only
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 22
Monitoring Report 2013
Stations 8 and 9
Table 12 presents the salinity values for Station 8 and 9 pre and post culvert
replacement. Stations 8 and 9 also have a number of data gaps. Station 9 has
lower mean and median salinity values than Station 8 both pre and post culvert
removal. The range of salinity values is greater at Station 8 than observed at 9.
Table 12. Water DO data from Stations 8 and 9 pre and post culvert removal*
Station Project Status
Mean Salinity (PSS)
Median Salinity
(PSS)
Min Salinity (PSS)
Max Salinity (PSS)
Range (PSS)
8 Pre culvert
5.12 2.60 0.47 17.60 17.13
8 Post Culvert
5.08 2.56 0.23 23.54 23.31
9 Pre culvert
2.20 0.93 0.14 8.67 8.53
9 Post Culvert
2.81 1.47 0.18 12.03 11.85
* high tide, surface samples only
4.0 Discussion
4.1 Water Quality Parameters
Water quality parameters were sampled within the marsh over a three year
period, documenting conditions pre and post culvert removal. No obvious effects
to the water temperatures, DO, salinity or specific conductivity were observed as
the result of the culvert removal. If present, the effects may not be apparent due
to the limited sampling period and frequent data gaps. Although the data appear
to exhibit minor differences for specific parameters, the differences may be
associated with natural variability including air temperature and precipitation.
Nevertheless, the minor changes observed included a slight increase in the range
between minimum and maximum DO levels after the culvert was removed. This
may be the result of freshwater influence.
Dissolved oxygen levels appear to be correlated with tide cycles, but opposite as
might be expected in some cases. The highest DO readings corresponded with
low tide events at several stations, as illustrated for Station 4 in Figure 13 below.
It was expected that high tide events would result in a flush of additional water
inputs and higher DO levels, but this was not always the case. The shift in DO
levels could be attributed to differences in temperatures, tide cycles,
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 23
Monitoring Report 2013
photosynthesis, and timing of sampling between different years and would
require further analysis and/or sampling.
Figure 13. Dissolved oxygen levels at different tidal elevations at Station 4.
The tidal influence within the marsh appears not to have changed significantly.
The only notable exception was near Stations 1 and 2. These stations experienced
changes in the number of days without water. Both stations had dry periods at
high tide prior to the culvert removal and experience none after the removal.
Both pre and post culvert replacement, the tidal influence appears to extend
throughout the marsh, but the strongest affects were observed within the main
drainage ditch at Stations 1, 2, and 6. These stations displayed the closest
correlation between water quality parameters and tidal cycles. Figure 14
illustrates how the salinity tends to be higher at high tide than low tide at Station
2. This trend follows at all three stations. Station 2 is nearest to the marine
system; whereas Station 6 is farther from the inlet and shows reduced amplitude
between high tide and low tide as seen in Figure 15. Also note, Station 2
experiences higher peaks in salinity values compared to Station 6 (Figure 14).
Figure 14. Salinity levels at Station 2.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 24
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 15. Salinity levels at Station 6.
Figure 16. Comparing salinity levels at Stations 2 and 6, high tide surface samples only.
Salinity levels tended to be lower at stations further from the outlet and further
from the primary ditch as illustrated in Figure 16. This is consistent with the
characterization study conducted in the marsh in 2008 (NES 2008).
Station 6 appears to have the greatest freshwater input through the drainage
flowing from the north. During winter months with high precipitation, lower
salinity levels were noted at most Stations (except 1 and 2). During winter and
early spring months the data indicates good mixing of fresh and salt waters and
little stratification in the main ditch. When precipitation rates drop, a layer of
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 25
Monitoring Report 2013
freshwater is observable above the denser salt water at Station 6 as illustrated in
Figure 17.
Figure 17. Salinity stratification at Station 6.
Figure 18. Salinity stratification at Station 8.
Stratification was observed at the three stations where there was sufficient water
to allow for this behavior. Both Stations 6 and 8 developed a freshwater layer
over a denser salt layer during some conditions (Figures 17 and 18). This is
consistent with the observations prior to the culvert removal and likely has
important functions within the marsh for some organisms such as pacific chorus
frog (Pseudacris regilla) (NES 2008). The marsh continues to have a similar salinity
gradient post culvert removal as it did prior to the culvert removal.
Note: water sampling was only conducted on days when tides of seven feet or greater
occurred and therefore only days when marine water mixed within the marsh are
represented. Water quality parameters may differ on days where marine inputs are not
present.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 26
Monitoring Report 2013
4.2 Conclusions
The culvert removal appears to have established a more regular connection
between the primary north/south ditch and the marine environment. The ditch is
influenced by freshwater inputs entering from the north and the marine tidal
influence from the south. Tidal influence changes beyond the primary ditch are
not clear from the available data. Prior to the culvert removal, data at the
sampling stations were scattered and patterns are difficult to detect due to the
limited sampling period and frequent dry periods. The data suggests that Station
3 is primarily influenced by freshwater flowing in the ditch from the east.
Stations 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 interface with marine events, but not on a regular basis.
Station 1, 2 and 6 have a more consistent connection with the marine system, but
also are influenced by freshwater moving through the system.
Chuckanut Village Marsh appears to continue to provide high functioning
estuarine wetland habitat. The data indicates that since the culvert was removed
the water quality parameters are functioning in a similar manner as before the
culvert was removed. Increased tidal action is present near the outlet of the
marsh with evidence of occasional large marine inputs as evidenced by
photographs of marine algae drift in the interior of the marsh.
5.0 Fish Presence Chuckanut Village Marsh is an estuarine wetland and has been considered
potential rearing habitat for juvenile salmonids. The 2011 culvert removal project
had the potential to change fish access and fish habitat conditions within the
marsh.
5.1 Fish Access
Two prior studies documented fish presence within the larger Chuckanut Bay
drainage basin and in the vicinity of Chuckanut Village Marsh prior to the 2011
Chuckanut Village Marsh culvert removal project. The City of Bellingham’s
study consisted of spawner surveys on Chuckanut Creek from 2001 through 2006
(LaCroix personal communication 2013). These surveys documented the
presence of adult chum (Oncorhynchus keta), coho (O. kisutch), Chinook (O.
tshawytscha), steelhead (O. mykiss), and cutthroat trout (O. clarki clarki). Of all the
species observed, Chinook salmon is the only species not known to spawn in
Chuckanut Creek. The adult Chinook salmon sampled in the survey appeared
without a mate and did not appear to be associated with a red; therefore, were
believed to be strays and not evidence of spawning.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 27
Monitoring Report 2013
The Lummi Natural Resources Department’s study consisted of beach seining
surveys in Chuckanut Bay from 2005 through 2007. They captured juvenile
Chinook, chum, and coho salmon. Since Chinook are not known to spawn in
Chuckanut Creek, they were assumed to be migrating through Chuckanut Bay
from their native stream system (MacKay personal communication 2008).
In addition to the two studies mentioned above, the Whatcom County Marine
Resource Committee (MRC) collected data on fish presence immediately prior
and immediately following culvert removal. The MRC conducted this
independent survey from 2010 through 2012. Their data was collected within
Chuckanut Bay and also within Chuckanut Village Marsh from March through
June of each survey year.
Figure 19. Sorting specimens during seining surveys.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 28
Monitoring Report 2013
Figure 20. Chinook salmon smolt from beach seine in Chuckanut Bay.
Data results from the MRC seining survey is summarized in Table 13, below. Table 13. MRC seining survey results
Date Sample
Location
Total fish caught before and after culvert replacement
Chinook Chum Coho Staghorn sculpin
Sculpin unid.
3-spine Stickleback
Shiner perch
Starry flounder
2010 Chuckanut Bay 4 210 0 422 363 20 31 4
n=8 Salt Marsh 0 0 1 2 1 111 0 0
2011 Chuckanut Bay 11 488 0 26 460 12 1 2
n=7 Salt Marsh 4 0 150 0 0 300 0 0
2012 Chuckanut Bay* 4 11 15 10 427 13 18 2
n=7 Salt Marsh 0 0 43 0 2 163 0 0
*6 pink salmon were captured in Chuckanut Bay in 2012
In 2010, prior to the culvert project, the MRC only observed one individual
salmonid in the marsh. In 2011, the spring and summer following culvert
removal, they observed 154 salmonids including four Chinook. In 2012 they
observed 43 salmonids. In both years, coho were the most prevalent species.
Although of limited duration, these results appear to suggest greater fish access
to the marsh after culvert removal.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 29
Monitoring Report 2013
5.2 Fish Habitat Conditions
The City of Bellingham’s Chuckanut Village Marsh water quality monitoring
data can be used to assess changes in the quality of fish habitat in the marsh
resulting from the 2011 culvert removal project. For this report, Station 6 is the
only station evaluated for fish habitat conditions. Station 6 and the immediate
vicinity are the only areas that provide the water depth, duration, and
connectivity to support prolonged juvenile fish presence and rearing. This report
also uses water quality thresholds from the WRIA 1 limiting factors report (Smith
2002). Although the thresholds are used in the context of freshwater streams and
may not translate entirely for the estuarine Chuckanut Village Marsh site, they
provide some guidance on general fish habitat parameters.
Using the WRIA 1 thresholds, the temperature at Station 6 primarily stayed
within the "good" and "fair" ranges (Figure 21). Station 6 occasionally qualified as
"poor" and never reached "lethal" temperatures. Although the temperature only
reached the "poor" threshold occasionally, the events occurred in early summer
both pre and post culvert removal, during the anticipated time when fish might
be rearing within the marsh. Based on this limited sampling period, Station 6
does not appear to have experienced an obvious change in temperature
conditions after culvert installation.
Figure 21. Temperatures and WRIA salmonid thresholds (Smith, 2002).
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 30
Monitoring Report 2013
Station 6 also experienced periods of "poor" DO levels during the anticipated
rearing window (Figure 22). Station 6 does not appear to have experienced an
obvious change after culvert installation and appears to maintain annual periods
of "poor" DO conditions during the anticipated rearing window. However, this
observation is based on a limited sampling period.
The culvert removal project had additional benefits for fish habitat. Other project
related habitat benefits included the removal of vehicles from the beach, the
reestablishment of native vegetation in the previous parking area, and increased
community stewardship education.
Figure 22. Dissolved oxygen levels and WRIA salmonid thresholds (Smith, 2002)
5.3 Conclusions
Based on the water quality sampling results, the most influential change to fish
habitat resulting from the culvert removal project appears to be improved access
to rearing habitat for juvenile salmon. Other project related habitat benefits
included the removal of vehicles from the beach, the reestablishment of native
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 31
Monitoring Report 2013
vegetation in the previous parking area, and increased community stewardship
education.
6.0 Recommendations The data collected to date provide a representative picture of the pre and post
project conditions of standard water quality parameters in the Chuckanut Village
Marsh system. If sampling continues, we recommend collecting the following
additional data to provide a greater understanding of the interaction of the
marsh and the marine system:
1. Continue seining surveys in the bay and within the marsh.
2. Monitor vegetation communities within the marsh five years after the
culvert removal to detect any change.
3. Monitor beach improvements such as vegetation re-establishment.
City of Bellingham
Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement 32
Monitoring Report 2013
This page intentionally left blank.
Appendix A: References
This page intentionally left blank.
References Allan, J.D. 1995. Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running Waters.
Chapman & Hall, New York. 400 pgs.
Bellingham, City of. 2010. Chuckanut Village Marsh Water Quality Improvement,
Quality Assurance Project Plan, Revised March 2010. Department of Public
Works, Bellingham, Washington. 28 pgs. [cited in text as COB 2010]
Coastal Geologic Services, Inc. 2007. Whatcom County Nearshore Habitat Restoration
Prioritization. Bellingham, Washington. 36 pgs.
LaCroix, R. 2013. Ecology and Restoration Manager, City of Bellingham Public
Works Department. Personal communication with Analiese Burns 18 July
2013.
MacKay, M. 2008. Senior Biologist, Lummi Nation Natural Resources
Department. Personal communication with Analiese Burns. 9 December
2008.
Northwest Ecological Services, LLC. 2006. Management Recommendations for City
of Bellingham Pocket Estuaries. Bellingham, Washington. 36 pgs. [cited in text
as NES 2006]
Northwest Ecological Services, LLC. 2008. Wetland Characterization: Chuckanut
Village Marsh. Bellingham, WA. 78 pgs. [cited in text as NES 2008]
Smith, C.J. 2002. Salmon and Steelhead Habitat Limiting Factors in WRIA 1, the
Nooksack Basin. Washington State Conservation Commission. Lacey,
Washington. 325 pgs.
Washington State Department of Ecology. 2010. DRAFT Standard Operating
Procedures to Minimize the Spread of Invasive Species from Areas of Moderate
1
Concern. Environmental Assessment Program. Olympia, Washington. 28
pgs.
2
Appendix B: Water Quality Raw Data
This page intentionally left blank.
Chuckanut Village Marsh - Water Quality Sampling Data
Raw Data, April 2010 - June 2013
Legendcirculator broken, therefore all data and checks performed without circulator. All DO data flagged for this data and omitted from EIM.
Omitted readings, pH recorded instead of PSS.
DO fluxuating. Slowly drifting up to 19.0 then down to 15.0 as water mixed.
Improbably low specific conductance and salinity, flagged and omitted.
149% of RPD, flag.
Warmer at surface, double checked in field.
Low DO at bottom in flocculating sediment/algae. Double checked to ensure accurate reading.
Raw DataDate Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)
04/15/10 Low -0.94 1 Surface 10.68 3.18 7.72 1.64
04/15/10 Low -0.94 1 Bottom 10.64 3.30 7.36 1.68
04/15/10 Low -0.94 2 Surface 10.51 2.90 7.58 1.48
04/15/10 Low -0.94 3 Surface 12.88 23.60 2.20 14.24
04/15/10 Low -0.94 4 Surface 19.13 17.90 2.88 10.74
04/15/10 Low -0.94 6 Surface 9.66 0.53 6.26 0.25
04/15/10 Low -0.94 6 Bottom 10.68 14.50 1.42 8.19
04/15/10 Low -0.94 7 Surface 15.74 5.44 1.27 2.68
04/15/10 Low -0.94 8 Surface 14.06 3.29 1.85 0.96
04/15/10 Low -0.94 8 Bottom 17.10 16.30 1.11 9.08
04/15/10 Low -0.94 9 Surface 13.13 2.46 6.13 1.31
04/15/10 High 7.76 1 Surface 12.10 41.90 9.28 26.38
04/15/10 High 7.76 1 Bottom 12.05 43.00 9.14 27.07
04/15/10 High 7.76 2 Surface 10.35 4.05 8.31 2.07
04/15/10 High 7.76 3 Surface 10.85 22.90 2.14 13.23
04/15/10 High 7.76 4 Surface 20.97 23.50 6.63 14.01
04/15/10 High 7.76 6 Surface 9.83 0.67 5.60 0.33
04/15/10 High 7.76 6 Bottom 10.43 12.99 1.45 7.36
04/15/10 High 7.76 7 Surface 11.84 5.10 2.35 2.91
04/15/10 High 7.76 8 Surface 15.53 10.32 5.24 5.64
04/15/10 High 7.76 8 Bottom 16.79 16.10 1.50 9.19
04/15/10 High 7.76 9 Surface 12.42 3.08 4.03 1.52
06/14/10 Low -3.23 1 Surface 16.46 1.81 7.40 0.92
06/14/10 Low -3.23 1 Bottom 16.36 2.32 6.74 1.12
06/14/10 Low -3.23 2 Surface 16.20 1.65 7.25 0.83
06/14/10 Low -3.23 3 Surface 17.76 7.32 1.96 3.67
06/14/10 Low -3.23 4 Surface 28.23 11.62 0.92 6.68
06/14/10 Low -3.23 6 Surface 12.66 0.49 4.20 0.22
06/14/10 Low -3.23 6 Bottom 13.59 7.63 0.53 3.98
06/14/10 Low -3.23 7 Surface 27.36 4.49 7.48 2.41
06/14/10 Low -3.23 8 Surface 20.04 0.86 3.55 0.42
06/14/10 Low -3.23 8 Bottom 16.33 2.57 1.42 1.31
06/14/10 Low -3.23 9 Surface 19.50 1.28 7.95 0.64
06/14/10 High 9.10 1 Surface 16.87 23.20 6.59 14.72
06/14/10 High 9.10 1 Bottom 17.96 37.90 5.99 23.85
06/14/10 High 9.10 2 Surface 16.64 18.40 5.80 11.73
06/14/10 High 9.10 2 Bottom 17.47 24.20 5.78 14.53
06/14/10 High 9.10 3 Surface 14.77 9.49 1.13 5.22
06/14/10 High 9.10 4 Surface 25.41 17.60 0.33 10.37
06/14/10 High 9.10 6 Surface 12.73 0.80 2.60 0.39
06/14/10 High 9.10 6 Bottom 13.50 7.66 1.04 4.18
06/14/10 High 9.10 7 Surface 18.07 5.13 0.40 2.73
06/14/10 High 9.10 8 Surface 18.98 1.26 2.98 0.60
06/14/10 High 9.10 8 Bottom 19.19 3.45 1.28 1.79
06/14/10 High 9.10 9 Surface 18.68 1.84 3.96 0.93
07/14/10 Low -1.94 1 Surface 18.51 13.53 6.26 7.73
1 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)07/14/10 Low -1.94 6 Surface 19.47 34.70 6.37 18.23
07/14/10 Low -1.94 6 Bottom 19.54 36.40 6.61 22.74
07/14/10 High 9.16 1 Surface 21.96 33.30 6.46 20.74
07/14/10 High 9.16 1 Bottom 21.66 33.60 6.41 20.94
07/14/10 High 9.16 2 Surface 21.90 33.50 6.61 20.88
07/14/10 High 9.16 2 Bottom 21.87 33.60 6.49 20.88
07/14/10 High 9.16 6 Surface 22.28 32.60 3.34 20.48
07/14/10 High 9.16 6 Bottom 20.24 36.30 4.13 22.83
08/25/10 Low 0.80 1 Surface 20.26 42.30 0.13 26.96
08/25/10 Low 0.80 6 Surface 16.80 13.61 3.20 7.78
08/25/10 High 7.90 1 Surface 22.25 49.90 0.31 32.51
08/25/10 High 7.90 1 Bottom 22.23 50.40 0.22 32.87
08/25/10 High 7.90 6 Surface 20.45 13.54 5.55 7.76
09/07/10 Low -0.60 1 Surface 13.71 2.69 4.71 1.38
09/07/10 Low -0.60 1 Bottom 14.55 27.80 0.37 16.84
09/07/10 Low -0.60 6 Surface 13.34 1.30 3.61 0.64
09/07/10 Low -0.60 6 Bottom 13.47 3.26 2.23 1.69
09/07/10 Low -0.60 8 Surface 14.10 7.14 4.46 3.88
09/07/10 Low -0.60 8 Bottom 14.13 7.15 3.97 3.88
09/07/10 Low -0.60 9 Surface 14.15 15.10 2.90 8.67
09/07/10 Low -0.60 9 Bottom 15.19 19.20 4.90 11.26
09/07/10 High 8.30 1 Surface 16.40 42.90 5.10 27.21
09/07/10 High 8.30 1 Bottom 16.33 43.00 4.69 27.28
09/07/10 High 8.30 2 Surface 16.34 42.40 6.00 26.86
09/07/10 High 8.30 6 Surface 13.72 1.58 2.57 0.79
09/07/10 High 8.30 6 Bottom 13.97 6.23 1.49 3.35
09/07/10 High 8.30 8 Surface 14.17 6.06 3.27 3.26
09/07/10 High 8.30 8 Bottom 14.47 6.77 5.59 3.67
09/07/10 High 8.30 9 Surface 14.75 11.11 3.23 6.23
09/07/10 High 8.30 9 Bottom 15.42 17.70 6.20 10.31
10/20/10 Low 3.50 1 Surface 8.20 2.71 4.29 1.38
10/20/10 Low 3.50 1 Bottom 8.96 4.40 1.04 2.31
10/20/10 Low 3.50 6 Surface 8.78 0.87 1.21 0.42
10/20/10 Low 3.50 6 Bottom 8.79 1.18 0.93 0.58
10/20/10 Low 3.50 8 Surface 8.00 1.68 3.17 0.84
10/20/10 Low 3.50 8 Bottom 8.48 4.28 0.99 2.24
10/20/10 Low 3.50 9 Surface 8.90 4.92 1.00 2.59
10/20/10 Low 3.50 9 Bottom 11.16 15.40 0.22 8.82
10/20/10 High 7.80 1 Surface 11.64 2.68 3.88 1.37
10/20/10 High 7.80 1 Bottom 11.64 6.08 2.41 3.26
10/20/10 High 7.80 6 Surface 10.52 0.93 0.80 0.45
10/20/10 High 7.80 6 Bottom 10.49 0.98 0.56 0.48
10/20/10 High 7.80 8 Surface 11.15 2.12 2.73 1.07
10/20/10 High 7.80 8 Bottom 10.19 4.03 0.62 2.10
10/20/10 High 7.80 9 Surface 10.65 2.58 2.22 1.31
10/20/10 High 7.80 9 Bottom 11.17 15.10 0.21 8.64
11/29/10 Low 2.90 1 Surface 8.40 0.00 10.37 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 2 Surface 3.82 1.16 8.94 0.56
11/29/10 Low 2.90 3 Surface 4.50 0.30 3.27 0.14
11/29/10 Low 2.90 4 Surface 5.20 0.00 11.17 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 5 Surface 5.39 0.00 4.20 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 6 Surface 5.70 0.00 11.18 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 6 Bottom 5.49 0.00 8.14 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 7 Surface 5.34 0.00 10.89 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 8 Surface 5.08 0.00 11.93 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 8 Bottom 3.81 4.66 2.00 2.44
11/29/10 Low 2.90 9 Surface 4.54 0.00 11.02 0.00
11/29/10 Low 2.90 9 Bottom 4.43 0.00 5.05 0.00
11/29/10 High 9.10 1 Surface 16.36 0.00 8.77 0.01
11/29/10 High 9.10 1 Bottom 15.87 0.00 7.18 0.01
11/29/10 High 9.10 2 Surface 14.97 0.00 6.30 0.01
11/29/10 High 9.10 2 Bottom 12.92 0.00 7.06 0.01
11/29/10 High 9.10 3 Surface 4.98 21.10 2.33 12.28
11/29/10 High 9.10 4 Surface 7.58 0.00 9.73 0.00
11/29/10 High 9.10 5 Surface 6.01 0.00 8.11 0.00
2 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)
11/29/10 High 9.10 6 Surface 6.61 0.00 11.28 0.00
11/29/10 High 9.10 6 Bottom 3.44 0.38 8.46 0.18
11/29/10 High 9.10 7 Surface 4.21 0.01 12.52 0.01
11/29/10 High 9.10 8 Surface 1.05 0.00 5.93 0.00
11/29/10 High 9.10 8 Bottom 2.73 3.47 3.84 1.78
11/29/10 High 9.10 9 Surface 2.07 0.00 12.03 0.00
12/13/10 Low 3.20 1 Surface 8.03 1.11 8.32 0.54
12/13/10 Low 3.20 1 Bottom 8.02 1.11 8.11 0.53
12/13/10 Low 3.20 2 Surface 8.01 1.06 8.09 0.52
12/13/10 Low 3.20 3 Surface 7.43 46.30 2.19 9.33
12/13/10 Low 3.20 4 Surface 9.12 26.50 8.04 15.84
12/13/10 Low 3.20 5 Surface 8.15 17.10 2.33 9.84
12/13/10 Low 3.20 6 Surface 8.02 0.40 7.94 0.19
12/13/10 Low 3.20 6 Bottom 8.02 0.46 7.95 0.21
12/13/10 Low 3.20 7 Surface 8.02 2.08 8.98 1.05
12/13/10 Low 3.20 8 Surface 8.37 1.14 3.11 0.56
12/13/10 Low 3.20 8 Bottom 8.36 16.10 0.32 9.22
12/13/10 Low 3.20 9 Surface 8.43 0.37 4.23 0.17
12/13/10 Low 3.20 9 Bottom 8.45 1.11 2.32 0.54
12/13/10 High 8.70 1 Surface 8.04 0.51 8.46 0.24
12/13/10 High 8.70 1 Bottom 8.21 30.50 5.82 18.43
12/13/10 High 8.70 2 Surface 8.12 0.53 8.12 0.25
12/13/10 High 8.70 2 Bottom 8.14 0.53 7.82 0.25
12/13/10 High 8.70 3 Surface 7.91 9.58 4.67 5.27
12/13/10 High 8.70 4 Surface 8.37 2.21 3.57 1.11
12/13/10 High 8.70 4 Bottom 8.52 37.10 1.42 22.85
12/13/10 High 8.70 5 Surface 8.61 1.80 6.43 0.90
12/13/10 High 8.70 6 Surface 8.36 0.25 8.12 0.12
12/13/10 High 8.70 6 Bottom 8.37 0.32 8.02 0.15
12/13/10 High 8.70 7 Surface 8.73 1.33 7.42 0.65
12/13/10 High 8.70 7 Bottom 8.84 1.10 5.82 0.54
12/13/10 High 8.70 8 Surface 9.33 0.97 4.97 0.47
12/13/10 High 8.70 8 Bottom 8.31 16.20 0.40 9.28
12/13/10 High 8.70 9 Surface 8.79 0.30 6.11 0.14
12/13/10 High 8.70 9 Bottom 8.45 4.52 0.62 2.37
01/26/11 Low 0.70 1 Surface 7.50 0.95 8.59 0.46
01/26/11 Low 0.70 1 Bottom 7.48 0.95 8.67 0.46
01/26/11 Low 0.70 2 Surface 7.43 0.90 8.59 0.44
01/26/11 Low 0.70 3 Surface 6.47 9.49 1.09 5.21
01/26/11 Low 0.70 4 Surface 9.86 10.33 4.34 5.73
01/26/11 Low 0.70 5 Surface 8.37 6.04 10.77 3.22
01/26/11 Low 0.70 6 Surface 7.27 0.60 8.42 0.28
01/26/11 Low 0.70 6 Bottom 7.27 0.43 8.51 0.20
01/26/11 Low 0.70 7 Surface 7.99 4.08 9.93 2.13
01/26/11 Low 0.70 8 Surface 8.39 1.11 7.39 0.54
01/26/11 Low 0.70 8 Bottom 7.87 31.70 1.86 19.21
01/26/11 Low 0.70 9 Surface 7.65 0.59 7.20 6.28
01/26/11 Low 0.70 9 Bottom 8.37 36.70 1.02 22.58
01/26/11 High 9.40 1 Surface 6.75 0.88 8.81 0.42
01/26/11 High 9.40 1 Bottom 7.38 43.40 7.52 27.09
01/26/11 High 9.40 2 Surface 6.74 0.77 8.69 0.37
01/26/11 High 9.40 2 Bottom 6.73 0.81 8.64 0.38
01/26/11 High 9.40 3 Surface 6.54 8.92 1.39 4.88
01/26/11 High 9.40 4 Surface 7.43 16.80 1.59 9.65
01/26/11 High 9.40 5 Surface 6.87 7.88 1.88 4.27
01/26/11 High 9.40 6 Surface 6.81 0.37 8.58 0.17
01/26/11 High 9.40 6 Bottom 6.78 0.54 8.57 0.26
01/26/11 High 9.40 7 Surface 6.88 3.80 4.94 1.97
01/26/11 High 9.40 8 Surface 7.18 4.93 3.08 2.60
01/26/11 High 9.40 8 Bottom 7.24 28.60 0.74 17.15
01/26/11 High 9.40 9 Surface 7.10 0.52 4.81 0.25
01/26/11 High 9.40 9 Bottom 7.64 34.40 0.53 21.00
02/11/11 Low 1.00 1 Surface 3.93 1.14 11.51 0.56
02/11/11 Low 1.00 2 Surface 3.91 1.13 11.34 0.55
02/11/11 Low 1.00 3 Surface 3.65 9.82 0.94 5.38
02/11/11 Low 1.00 4 Surface 5.89 10.53 6.90 5.82
02/11/11 Low 1.00 5 Surface 4.83 12.84 2.50 7.19
3 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)02/11/11 Low 1.00 6 Surface 3.89 0.55 10.16 0.26
02/11/11 Low 1.00 6 Bottom 3.87 0.60 10.09 0.28
02/11/11 Low 1.00 7 Surface 5.10 4.59 5.96 2.40
02/11/11 Low 1.00 8 Surface 3.94 1.21 10.72 0.59
02/11/11 Low 1.00 8 Bottom 5.01 28.80 1.03 17.21
02/11/11 Low 1.00 9 Surface 3.26 0.90 10.65 0.43
02/11/11 Low 1.00 9 Bottom 5.53 30.20 6.31 18.14
02/11/11 High 8.20 1 Surface 3.08 8.77 10.70 4.77
02/11/11 High 8.20 1 Bottom 3.12 10.65 10.20 5.87
02/11/11 High 8.20 2 Surface 2.89 1.11 11.48 0.54
02/11/11 High 8.20 3 Surface 3.44 9.14 1.44 4.98
02/11/11 High 8.20 4 Surface 3.97 6.97 6.66 3.74
02/11/11 High 8.20 5 Surface 2.73 11.78 1.41 6.53
02/11/11 High 8.20 6 Surface 2.99 0.55 10.62 0.26
02/11/11 High 8.20 6 Bottom 2.98 0.60 10.63 0.28
02/11/11 High 8.20 7 Surface 3.71 5.40 7.71 2.85
02/11/11 High 8.20 8 Surface 1.84 1.14 8.94 0.55
02/11/11 High 8.20 8 Bottom 5.06 29.40 0.96 17.60
02/11/11 High 8.20 9 Surface 1.63 0.71 7.04 0.34
02/11/11 High 8.20 9 Bottom 5.23 28.20 8.15 16.83
PROJECT CONSTRUCTED, NEW BOX CULVERT INSTALLED03/25/11 Low -0.40 2 Surface 9.26 1.85 9.24 0.93
03/25/11 Low -0.40 3 Surface 10.84 20.10 3.41 11.76
03/25/11 Low -0.40 4 Surface 18.06 20.30 14.60 12.01
03/25/11 Low -0.40 5 Surface 16.50 23.70 7.44 14.18
03/25/11 Low -0.40 6 Surface 9.24 3.18 6.86 1.63
03/25/11 Low -0.40 6 Bottom 9.94 27.00 6.28 16.19
03/25/11 Low -0.40 7 Surface 16.52 7.22 6.71 3.93
03/25/11 Low -0.40 8 Surface 12.02 6.87 6.02 3.71
03/25/11 Low -0.40 8 Bottom 12.13 16.90 2.28 9.77
03/25/11 Low -0.40 9 Surface 10.86 2.14 3.10 1.08
03/25/11 Low -0.40 9 Bottom 12.06 13.64 0.25 7.75
03/25/11 High 8.00 1 Surface 6.46 10.23 8.86 5.65
03/25/11 High 8.00 1 Bottom 7.21 43.60 9.12 27.22
03/25/11 High 8.00 2 Surface 7.17 43.30 8.86 17.47
03/25/11 High 8.00 2 Bottom 7.18 43.40 8.84 27.08
03/25/11 High 8.00 3 Surface 6.52 20.00 0.98 11.62
03/25/11 High 8.00 4 Surface 10.79 20.20 3.71 11.83
03/25/11 High 8.00 5 Surface 7.26 23.40 0.49 13.79
03/25/11 High 8.00 6 Surface 6.54 5.99 6.44 3.19
03/25/11 High 8.00 6 Bottom 7.22 33.30 3.40 20.25
03/25/11 High 8.00 7 Surface 8.50 6.26 2.37 3.35
03/25/11 High 8.00 8 Surface 7.14 2.71 3.64 1.38
03/25/11 High 8.00 8 Bottom 9.62 15.20 0.51 8.68
03/25/11 High 8.00 9 Surface 8.09 3.21 3.43 1.65
03/25/11 High 8.00 9 Bottom 10.38 16.40 0.15 9.43
04/18/11 Low -1.60 1 Surface 7.15 0.68 11.60 0.32
04/18/11 Low -1.60 2 Surface 7.06 0.65 11.60 0.31
04/18/11 Low -1.60 3 Surface 10.15 8.97 2.12 4.93
04/18/11 Low -1.60 4 Surface 13.30 4.82 3.80 2.55
04/18/11 Low -1.60 5 Surface 12.42 4.43 2.85 2.33
04/18/11 Low -1.60 6 Surface 6.90 0.38 10.22 0.18
04/18/11 Low -1.60 6 Bottom 7.05 0.45 9.84 0.21
04/18/11 Low -1.60 7 Surface 12.36 1.23 8.01 0.60
04/18/11 Low -1.60 8 Surface 9.57 2.60 3.25 1.32
04/18/11 Low -1.60 8 Bottom 10.96 10.64 1.46 5.92
04/18/11 Low -1.60 9 Surface 7.88 0.69 9.43 0.33
04/18/11 Low -1.60 9 Bottom 13.04 20.70 17.39 12.18
04/18/11 High 8.60 1 Surface 11.17 10.99 14.19 6.14
04/18/11 High 8.60 1 Bottom 11.96 43.70 13.20 27.55
04/18/11 High 8.60 2 Surface 11.98 42.40 12.87 26.65
04/18/11 High 8.60 2 Bottom 11.67 43.00 13.11 27.05
04/18/11 High 8.60 3 Surface 8.48 8.58 2.54 4.69
04/18/11 High 8.60 4 Surface 21.09 9.67 8.94 5.41
04/18/11 High 8.60 5 Surface 16.84 5.26 11.05 2.81
04/18/11 High 8.60 6 Surface 8.23 0.38 8.23 0.18
04/18/11 High 8.60 6 Bottom 8.25 0.43 7.72 0.20
04/18/11 High 8.60 7 Surface 13.14 1.12 8.06 0.55
4 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)04/18/11 High 8.60 8 Surface 13.72 0.72 7.25 0.35
04/18/11 High 8.60 8 Bottom 13.24 13.11 1.57 7.44
04/18/11 High 8.60 9 Surface 11.10 0.93 10.53 0.45
04/18/11 High 8.60 9 Bottom 13.74 22.30 9.69 13.22
05/16/11 Low -2.20 1 Surface 9.80 0.49 9.76 0.23
05/16/11 Low -2.20 2 Surface 9.82 0.49 8.66 0.23
05/16/11 Low -2.20 3 Surface 11.36 3.68 0.42 1.91
05/16/11 Low -2.20 4 Surface 13.80 8.07 1.68 4.42
05/16/11 Low -2.20 5 Surface 10.93 0.76 5.25 0.37
05/16/11 Low -2.20 6 Surface 9.45 0.27 8.34 0.12
05/16/11 Low -2.20 6 Bottom 9.44 0.26 8.34 0.12
05/16/11 Low -2.20 7 Surface 11.23 1.14 6.70 0.56
05/16/11 Low -2.20 8 Surface 10.92 0.93 3.82 0.45
05/16/11 Low -2.20 8 Bottom 11.88 4.67 0.65 2.46
05/16/11 Low -2.20 9 Surface 10.43 0.43 2.58 0.20
05/16/11 Low -2.20 9 Bottom 11.86 4.39 0.60 2.31
05/16/11 High 8.40 1 Surface 11.97 9.30 10.76 5.13
05/16/11 High 8.40 1 Bottom 12.36 21.30 11.14 12.56
05/16/11 High 8.40 2 Surface 12.22 19.50 11.10 11.43
05/16/11 High 8.40 2 Bottom 12.30 21.30 10.98 12.55
05/16/11 High 8.40 3 Surface 12.05 3.69 1.48 1.92
05/16/11 High 8.40 4 Surface 18.62 4.82 20.55 2.56
05/16/11 High 8.40 5 Surface 14.89 0.73 11.39 0.35
05/16/11 High 8.40 6 Surface 10.46 0.28 8.19 0.13
05/16/11 High 8.40 6 Bottom 10.44 0.28 8.00 0.13
05/16/11 High 8.40 7 Surface 14.83 0.99 10.28 0.48
05/16/11 High 8.40 8 Surface 14.22 0.48 4.93 0.23
05/16/11 High 8.40 8 Bottom 14.98 4.45 3.74 2.35
05/16/11 High 8.40 9 Surface 12.81 0.81 7.02 0.39
05/16/11 High 8.40 9 Bottom 13.06 8.57 2.39 4.71
06/17/11 Low -2.60 6 Surface 15.43 4.54 5.25
06/17/11 Low -2.60 6 Bottom 16.94 29.00 3.39
06/17/11 Low -2.60 8 Surface 17.61 1.67 2.26
06/17/11 Low -2.60 8 Bottom 15.57 9.78 0.38
06/17/11 Low -2.60 9 Surface 17.77 2.92 11.11
06/17/11 Low -2.60 9 Bottom 16.85 6.42 1.33
06/17/11 High 9.10 1 Surface 19.47 29.70 7.79 18.56
06/17/11 High 9.10 1 Bottom 17.97 35.50 8.58 22.13
06/17/11 High 9.10 2 Surface 19.33 29.60 7.58 18.16
06/17/11 High 9.10 2 Bottom 17.87 35.60 7.97 22.19
06/17/11 High 9.10 6 Surface 18.48 21.00 5.71 12.47
06/17/11 High 9.10 6 Bottom 18.93 27.30 4.77 16.61
06/17/11 High 9.10 8 Surface 16.85 1.66 1.28 0.83
06/17/11 High 9.10 8 Bottom 16.24 5.68 0.13 3.05
06/17/11 High 9.10 9 Surface 18.39 2.33 2.46 1.19
06/17/11 High 9.10 9 Bottom 17.96 4.71 0.14 2.50
07/13/11 Low -2.07 6 Surface 17.64 30.90 2.32 18.99
07/13/11 Low -2.07 6 Bottom 18.13 32.40 1.47 20.02
07/13/11 Low -2.07 8 Surface 16.32 5.36 2.35 2.86
07/13/11 Low -2.07 9 Surface 17.30 11.51 0.42 6.49
07/13/11 High 8.70 1 Surface 22.83 33.70 6.94 21.04
07/13/11 High 8.70 1 Bottom 20.53 34.20 7.24 21.32
07/13/11 High 8.70 2 Surface 21.02 34.20 7.04 21.33
07/13/11 High 8.70 2 Bottom 20.63 34.30 7.02 21.39
07/13/11 High 8.70 6 Surface 20.31 30.40 3.51 18.72
07/13/11 High 8.70 6 Bottom 19.56 31.70 4.24 19.58
07/13/11 High 8.70 8 Surface 23.96 5.51 1.56 2.97
07/13/11 High 8.70 9 Surface 24.10 9.65 1.11 5.41
08/02/11 Low -0.40 6 Surface 16.50 17.90 2.35 1.42
08/02/11 Low -0.40 6 Bottom 17.61 33.10 4.76 20.75
08/02/11 Low -0.40 8 Surface 25.17 4.85 11.80 2.59
08/02/11 Low -0.40 9 Surface 23.29 9.74 4.03 5.46
08/02/11 High 8.80 1 Surface 23.07 41.70 8.85 26.64
08/02/11 High 8.80 1 Bottom 20.54 42.20 8.81 26.90
08/02/11 High 8.80 2 Surface 20.02 43.10 8.79 27.51
08/02/11 High 8.80 2 Bottom 22.41 41.10 7.53 26.19
08/02/11 High 8.80 6 Surface 17.88 3.28 2.64 1.70
5 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)08/02/11 High 8.80 6 Bottom 20.89 39.10 3.60 24.73
08/02/11 High 8.80 8 Surface 19.30 5.19 0.69 2.77
08/02/11 High 8.80 9 Surface 20.40 9.73 1.33 5.44
09/27/11 Low 2.00 2 Surface 14.13 4.72 4.69 2.50
09/27/11 Low 2.00 6 Surface 14.13 5.49 0.40 2.93
09/27/11 Low 2.00 6 Bottom 14.50 37.00 0.27 23.03
09/27/11 Low 2.00 8 Surface 14.82 7.35 3.51 4.00
09/27/11 Low 2.00 8 Bottom 15.22 8.37 5.04 4.60
09/27/11 Low 2.00 9 Surface 15.95 19.60 5.41 11.53
09/27/11 Low 2.00 9 Bottom 16.18 20.10 6.72 11.85
09/27/11 High 8.60 1 Surface 19.37 43.80 14.93 27.98
09/27/11 High 8.60 1 Bottom 19.22 45.40 15.77 29.11
09/27/11 High 8.60 2 Surface 19.40 34.90 9.44 21.76
09/27/11 High 8.60 2 Bottom 19.66 44.90 9.90 28.78
09/27/11 High 8.60 6 Surface 14.24 2.49 1.61 1.27
09/27/11 High 8.60 6 Bottom 15.53 36.00 1.01 22.39
09/27/11 High 8.60 8 Surface 16.48 7.66 9.10 4.19
09/27/11 High 8.60 8 Bottom 16.19 7.70 12.94 4.28
09/27/11 High 8.60 9 Surface 17.55 10.60 11.12 5.94
09/27/11 High 8.60 9 Bottom 17.17 19.40 11.35 11.42
10/24/11 Low 2.70 1 Surface 8.99 3.51 2.59 1.83
10/24/11 Low 2.70 1 Bottom 8.99 3.53 2.69 1.83
10/24/11 Low 2.70 6 Surface 9.76 2.29 1.11 1.16
10/24/11 Low 2.70 6 Bottom 10.54 22.50 0.10 13.35
10/24/11 Low 2.70 7 Surface 8.53 7.84 2.24 4.26
10/24/11 Low 2.70 8 Surface 9.88 2.55 1.62 1.30
10/24/11 Low 2.70 8 Bottom 11.26 4.23 3.16 2.21
10/24/11 Low 2.70 9 Surface 11.07 7.97 4.30 4.35
10/24/11 Low 2.70 9 Bottom 13.49 14.29 7.33 8.13
10/24/11 High 8.60 1 Surface 12.62 3.59 2.33 1.87
10/24/11 High 8.60 2 Surface 11.32 3.53 2.62 1.84
10/24/11 High 8.60 6 Surface 10.43 1.96 1.44 0.98
10/24/11 High 8.60 6 Bottom 11.04 23.10 1.03 13.94
10/24/11 High 8.60 7 Surface 11.08 7.14 8.94 3.87
10/24/11 High 8.60 8 Surface 11.91 3.16 3.82 1.63
10/24/11 High 8.60 8 Bottom 12.53 4.21 6.02 2.21
10/24/11 High 8.60 9 Surface 13.87 9.28 7.79 5.13
10/24/11 High 8.60 9 Bottom 14.04 13.65 13.44 7.39
11/03/11 Low 4.20 2 Surface 6.86 2.14 3.71 1.08
11/03/11 Low 4.20 6 Surface 7.13 0.82 3.38 0.39
11/03/11 Low 4.20 6 Bottom 7.17 2.42 2.10 1.22
11/03/11 Low 4.20 7 Surface 8.06 6.17 5.90 3.30
11/03/11 Low 4.20 8 Surface 6.66 1.47 4.36 0.72
11/03/11 Low 4.20 8 Bottom 9.33 3.39 3.40 1.75
11/03/11 Low 4.20 9 Surface 7.53 4.61 6.83 2.41
11/03/11 Low 4.20 9 Bottom 10.18 12.44 1.10 7.00
11/03/11 High 8.60 1 Surface 7.85 3.82 5.72 1.98
11/03/11 High 8.60 1 Bottom 8.07 35.10 5.10 21.49
11/03/11 High 8.60 2 Surface 7.95 15.40 3.74 8.78
11/03/11 High 8.60 2 Bottom 8.15 33.80 4.33 20.62
11/03/11 High 8.60 4 Surface 11.90 37.90 5.78 23.55
11/03/11 High 8.60 6 Surface 7.73 0.75 4.03 0.36
11/03/11 High 8.60 6 Bottom 7.97 6.73 1.01 3.62
11/03/11 High 8.60 7 Surface 9.77 6.72 6.11 3.62
11/03/11 High 8.60 8 Surface 9.31 1.80 3.86 0.90
11/03/11 High 8.60 8 Bottom 9.65 3.57 5.08 1.83
11/03/11 High 8.60 9 Surface 9.10 1.10 6.56 0.54
11/03/11 High 8.60 9 Bottom 11.13 12.20 6.20 6.86
12/01/11 Low 4.50 1 Surface 4.76 8.57 6.40 4.66
12/01/11 Low 4.50 2 Surface 4.77 8.52 6.01 4.63
12/01/11 Low 4.50 3 Surface 5.29 35.70 0.60 21.77
12/01/11 Low 4.50 4 Surface 6.76 44.10 18.86 27.54
12/01/11 Low 4.50 5 Surface 4.66 37.00 5.84 22.60
12/01/11 Low 4.50 6 Surface 4.69 3.12 4.97 1.60
12/01/11 Low 4.50 6 Bottom 5.28 2.06 1.23 11.97
12/01/11 Low 4.50 7 Surface 5.26 27.80 7.09 16.57
12/01/11 Low 4.50 8 Surface 6.23 22.00 0.66 12.88
12/01/11 Low 4.50 8 Bottom 7.74 30.10 2.29 18.15
6 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)12/01/11 Low 4.50 9 Surface 6.78 18.00 1.88 10.37
12/01/11 Low 4.50 9 Bottom 8.22 30.40 1.26 18.37
12/01/11 High 9.10 1 Surface 7.41 46.40 6.67 29.17
12/01/11 High 9.10 1 Bottom 7.41 46.60 6.79 29.24
12/01/11 High 9.10 2 Surface 7.37 46.40 6.81 29.16
12/01/11 High 9.10 2 Bottom 7.38 46.50 6.73 29.16
12/01/11 High 9.10 3 Surface 5.35 35.70 0.68 21.77
12/01/11 High 9.10 4 Surface 5.85 44.60 10.49 27.82
12/01/11 High 9.10 5 Surface 4.44 36.70 4.44 22.39
12/01/11 High 9.10 6 Surface 4.51 3.14 5.18 1.61
12/01/11 High 9.10 6 Bottom 4.97 16.30 1.90 9.29
12/01/11 High 9.10 7 Surface 5.15 28.70 4.49 17.15
12/01/11 High 9.10 8 Surface 5.06 8.28 1.54 4.49
12/01/11 High 9.10 8 Bottom 7.45 30.20 1.08 18.21
12/01/11 High 9.10 9 Surface 3.40 4.90 3.75 2.57
12/01/11 High 9.10 9 Bottom 8.18 30.40 1.18 18.37
01/18/12 Low -0.80 1 Surface 0.19 1.66 9.18 0.82
01/18/12 Low -0.80 2 Surface 0.21 1.65 8.99 0.82
01/18/12 Low -0.80 6 Surface 0.16 0.51 8.41 0.24
01/18/12 Low -0.80 6 Bottom 0.17 0.61 8.02 0.29
01/18/12 High 9.20 1 Surface 3.35 40.90 8.74 25.15
01/18/12 High 9.20 1 Bottom 3.89 46.30 8.49 28.85
01/18/12 High 9.20 2 Surface 3.83 46.50 8.22 28.99
01/18/12 High 9.20 2 Bottom 3.89 46.40 8.21 28.92
01/18/12 High 9.20 6 Surface 0.15 0.45 9.17 0.21
01/18/12 High 9.20 6 Bottom 0.18 0.48 8.99 0.22
02/17/12 Low -0.60 1 Surface 5.63 0.78 9.49 0.35
02/17/12 Low -0.60 2 Surface 5.67 0.74 9.29 0.35
02/17/12 Low -0.60 3 Surface 5.47 13.75 2.59 7.74
02/17/12 Low -0.60 4 Surface 8.40 13.45 6.38 7.67
02/17/12 Low -0.60 5 Surface 6.54 8.01 3.60 4.35
02/17/12 Low -0.60 6 Surface 5.70 0.33 9.26 0.15
02/17/12 Low -0.60 6 Bottom 5.69 0.34 9.32 0.15
02/17/12 Low -0.60 7 Surface 6.07 6.95 10.30 3.59
02/17/12 Low -0.60 8 Surface 6.26 3.53 2.13 1.82
02/17/12 Low -0.60 8 Bottom 7.29 25.00 0.37 14.82
02/17/12 Low -0.60 9 Surface 5.80 0.56 5.24 0.26
02/17/12 Low -0.60 9 Bottom 7.77 12.63 7.90 7.09
02/17/12 High 8.20 1 Surface 6.23 1.78 8.80 0.89
02/17/12 High 8.20 2 Surface 6.26 1.79 8.37 0.89
02/17/12 High 8.20 3 Surface 6.72 14.32 2.30 8.04
02/17/12 High 8.20 4 Surface 9.15 12.44 7.82 6.99
02/17/12 High 8.20 5 Surface 8.15 9.34 6.42 5.74
02/17/12 High 8.20 6 Surface 6.25 0.60 7.41 0.28
02/17/12 High 8.20 6 Bottom 6.35 2.92 6.01 1.57
02/17/12 High 8.20 7 Surface 8.56 13.49 9.80 7.49
02/17/12 High 8.20 8 Surface 7.86 7.78 2.54 4.23
02/17/12 High 8.20 8 Bottom 7.24 23.50 2.88 13.73
02/17/12 High 8.20 9 Surface 7.73 2.75 5.86 1.47
02/17/12 High 8.20 9 Bottom 8.72 27.50 4.10 16.61
03/14/12 Low -0.40 1 Surface 6.00 0.88 9.74 0.43
03/14/12 Low -0.40 2 Surface 6.00 0.88 9.57 0.43
03/14/12 Low -0.40 3 Surface 5.80 22.42 1.62 13.40
03/14/12 Low -0.40 4 Surface 11.00 24.88 21.65 15.20
03/14/12 Low -0.40 5 Surface 9.90 13.67 14.14 7.91
03/14/12 Low -0.40 6 Surface 5.80 0.36 8.92 0.17
03/14/12 Low -0.40 6 Bottom 5.80 0.36 8.85 0.17
03/14/12 Low -0.40 7 Surface 8.60 17.10 13.66 10.42
03/14/12 Low -0.40 8 Surface 7.20 0.68 8.33 0.35
03/14/12 Low -0.40 8 Bottom 7.80 19.58 6.10 11.66
03/14/12 Low -0.40 9 Surface 6.50 0.58 8.03 0.26
03/14/12 Low -0.40 9 Bottom 7.90 6.68 8.13 3.56
03/14/12 High 8.40 1 Surface 4.20 16.55 10.65 9.46
03/14/12 High 8.40 1 Bottom 4.20 19.70 10.74 11.55
03/14/12 High 8.40 2 Surface 4.30 7.47 10.20 3.73
03/14/12 High 8.40 2 Bottom 4.20 19.31 10.78 11.20
03/14/12 High 8.40 3 Surface 5.40 22.80 0.45 13.59
03/14/12 High 8.40 4 Surface 6.30 17.37 9.59 10.17
7 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)03/14/12 High 8.40 5 Surface 5.90 14.50 5.33 8.40
03/14/12 High 8.40 6 Surface 4.50 0.40 9.67 0.19
03/14/12 High 8.40 6 Bottom 4.50 0.37 9.20 0.18
03/14/12 High 8.40 7 Surface 6.20 22.17 7.27 13.18
03/14/12 High 8.40 8 Surface 4.30 1.02 4.68 0.48
03/14/12 High 8.40 8 Bottom 7.20 26.07 0.61 15.71
03/14/12 High 8.40 9 Surface 4.30 0.39 6.13 0.18
03/14/12 High 8.40 9 Bottom 6.10 4.68 5.35 2.53
04/23/12 Low -0.60 2 Surface 13.00 0.80 8.44 0.39
04/23/12 Low -0.60 3 Surface 14.80 7.16 1.92 3.88
04/23/12 Low -0.60 4 Surface 22.85 6.46 13.38 3.29
04/23/12 Low -0.60 5 Surface 22.60 7.55 2.13 4.16
04/23/12 Low -0.60 6 Surface 12.13 0.33 6.07 0.16
04/23/12 Low -0.60 6 Bottom 12.23 0.34 6.02 0.16
04/23/12 Low -0.60 7 Surface 21.98 1.22 9.53 0.60
04/23/12 Low -0.60 8 Surface 17.82 4.18 1.49 2.20
04/23/12 Low -0.60 8 Bottom 17.92 6.83 0.24 3.70
04/23/12 Low -0.60 9 Surface 14.98 1.04 2.30 0.51
04/23/12 Low -0.60 9 Bottom 15.62 3.56 0.74 1.89
04/23/12 High 8.30 1 Surface 15.08 43.90 11.32 27.85
04/23/12 High 8.30 1 Bottom 14.19 44.00 13.20 27.87
04/23/12 High 8.30 2 Surface 14.38 43.90 12.90 27.81
04/23/12 High 8.30 2 Bottom 14.24 43.90 13.27 27.81
04/23/12 High 8.30 3 Surface 10.70 7.28 1.03 3.89
04/23/12 High 8.30 4 Surface 23.79 5.50 13.61 2.96
04/23/12 High 8.30 5 Surface 17.06 8.45 1.64 4.66
04/23/12 High 8.30 6 Surface 10.95 0.31 5.63 0.14
04/23/12 High 8.30 6 Bottom 10.92 0.33 5.44 0.15
04/23/12 High 8.30 7 Surface 16.10 1.31 6.91 0.65
04/23/12 High 8.30 8 Surface 18.54 2.46 3.21 1.26
04/23/12 High 8.30 8 Bottom 19.29 6.97 0.73 3.80
04/23/12 High 8.30 9 Surface 14.88 1.34 3.95 0.66
04/23/12 High 8.30 9 Bottom 15.70 3.15 0.67 1.61
05/07/12 Low -3.00 2 Surface 12.44 0.88 8.86 0.42
05/07/12 Low -3.00 3 Surface 16.31 8.30 2.82 4.52
05/07/12 Low -3.00 4 Surface 23.03 8.59 8.25 4.75
05/07/12 Low -3.00 6 Surface 10.59 0.40 5.21 0.19
05/07/12 Low -3.00 6 Bottom 10.67 0.39 5.18 0.19
05/07/12 Low -3.00 7 Surface 24.53 2.16 7.04 1.10
05/07/12 Low -3.00 8 Surface 14.97 3.56 4.26 1.85
05/07/12 Low -3.00 8 Bottom 15.56 10.64 9.48 5.96
05/07/12 Low -3.00 9 Surface 13.50 1.23 9.41 0.61
05/07/12 Low -3.00 9 Bottom 14.28 3.27 8.30 1.63
05/07/12 High 9.10 1 Surface 11.90 45.20 14.36 28.60
05/07/12 High 9.10 1 Bottom 12.02 45.40 14.58 28.68
05/07/12 High 9.10 2 Surface 11.84 45.40 14.26 28.74
05/07/12 High 9.10 2 Bottom 11.86 45.30 14.36 28.67
05/07/12 High 9.10 3 Surface 12.44 8.43 1.89 4.34
05/07/12 High 9.10 4 Surface 23.50 11.26 8.79 6.38
05/07/12 High 9.10 6 Surface 10.95 0.38 5.28 0.18
05/07/12 High 9.10 6 Bottom 11.04 0.65 4.82 0.31
05/07/12 High 9.10 7 Surface 15.83 2.31 7.13 1.18
05/07/12 High 9.10 8 Surface 17.59 1.49 7.20 0.74
05/07/12 High 9.10 8 Bottom 17.48 11.76 17.44 6.65
05/07/12 High 9.10 9 Surface 14.52 0.93 7.61 0.45
05/07/12 High 9.10 9 Bottom 15.19 2.63 10.48 1.35
06/20/12 Low -1.70 2 Surface 16.86 2.73 6.45 1.41
06/20/12 Low -1.70 3 Surface 15.97 19.00 1.18 11.15
06/20/12 Low -1.70 4 Surface 26.35 27.60 13.31 16.97
06/20/12 Low -1.70 6 Surface 14.51 18.50 3.31 10.81
06/20/12 Low -1.70 6 Bottom 14.42 18.30 3.42 10.62
06/20/12 Low -1.70 7 Surface 27.79 4.75 7.82 2.54
06/20/12 Low -1.70 8 Surface 16.51 1.14 2.90 0.56
06/20/12 Low -1.70 8 Bottom 16.48 1.24 2.83 0.61
06/20/12 Low -1.70 9 Surface 15.80 2.57 1.15 1.31
06/20/12 Low -1.70 9 Bottom 15.31 3.01 1.16 1.55
06/20/12 High 8.60 1 Surface 18.20 42.70 8.74 27.15
06/20/12 High 8.60 1 Bottom 17.81 42.70 8.61 27.14
8 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)06/20/12 High 8.60 2 Surface 17.86 42.70 8.70 27.14
06/20/12 High 8.60 2 Bottom 17.88 42.80 8.48 27.21
06/20/12 High 8.60 3 Surface 15.17 20.00 1.00 11.77
06/20/12 High 8.60 4 Surface 28.93 32.10 17.56 20.10
06/20/12 High 8.60 6 Surface 14.06 8.07 1.43 4.42
06/20/12 High 8.60 6 Bottom 16.58 19.80 8.46 11.66
06/20/12 High 8.60 7 Surface 19.61 4.81 5.33 2.56
06/20/12 High 8.60 8 Surface 18.47 1.16 3.52 0.57
06/20/12 High 8.60 8 Bottom 17.51 1.41 1.52 0.70
06/20/12 High 8.60 9 Surface 16.55 2.29 2.59 1.16
06/20/12 High 8.60 9 Bottom 15.80 3.02 0.90 1.56
07/05/12 Low -2.40 2 Surface 15.32 1.59 6.56 0.79
07/05/12 Low -2.40 3 Surface 14.76 5.70 0.58 3.00
07/05/12 Low -2.40 4 Surface 26.56 22.00 16.79 13.24
07/05/12 Low -2.40 5 Surface 23.84 13.39 7.12 7.70
07/05/12 Low -2.40 6 Surface 12.58 0.92 4.42 0.50
07/05/12 Low -2.40 6 Bottom 14.16 27.30 2.04 16.23
07/05/12 Low -2.40 7 Surface 22.16 1.70 10.11 0.86
07/05/12 Low -2.40 8 Surface 21.14 0.70 2.72 0.34
07/05/12 Low -2.40 8 Bottom 16.10 0.88 1.45 0.43
07/05/12 Low -2.40 9 Surface 15.93 1.08 2.45 0.53
07/05/12 Low -2.40 9 Bottom 16.00 1.97 2.31 1.00
07/05/12 High 9.00 1 Surface 18.00 39.20 8.66 24.69
07/05/12 High 9.00 1 Bottom 17.05 39.40 9.10 24.99
07/05/12 High 9.00 2 Surface 17.97 38.90 8.52 24.48
07/05/12 High 9.00 2 Bottom 17.20 39.40 8.99 24.80
07/05/12 High 9.00 3 Surface 13.92 6.55 0.80 3.53
07/05/12 High 9.00 4 Surface 31.18 27.90 17.20 17.13
07/05/12 High 9.00 5 Surface 18.34 13.37 2.94 7.65
07/05/12 High 9.00 6 Surface 13.62 0.85 3.19 0.44
07/05/12 High 9.00 6 Bottom 18.10 36.50 6.48 22.89
07/05/12 High 9.00 7 Surface 18.41 1.92 4.95 0.96
07/05/12 High 9.00 8 Surface 19.30 0.81 3.36 0.39
07/05/12 High 9.00 8 Bottom 17.73 1.14 0.47 0.56
07/05/12 High 9.00 9 Surface 16.14 0.69 1.99 0.33
07/05/12 High 9.00 9 Bottom 15.39 2.32 0.30 1.18
08/02/12 Low -1.70 6 Surface 14.41 11.74 1.04 6.88
08/02/12 Low -1.70 6 Bottom 14.85 20.20 0.97 11.57
08/02/12 Low -1.70 8 Surface 17.62 1.57 2.97 0.78
08/02/12 Low -1.70 8 Bottom 16.61 1.62 1.49 0.81
08/02/12 Low -1.70 9 Surface 17.37 2.68 4.13 1.38
08/02/12 Low -1.70 9 Bottom 16.11 3.61 1.02 1.88
08/02/12 High 8.60 1 Surface 24.36 38.10 5.99 24.15
08/02/12 High 8.60 1 Bottom 22.43 39.40 6.34 24.93
08/02/12 High 8.60 2 Surface 25.13 34.80 5.88 22.77
08/02/12 High 8.60 2 Bottom 23.90 37.70 4.53 23.85
08/02/12 High 8.60 6 Surface 15.74 19.40 4.80 11.33
08/02/12 High 8.60 6 Bottom 16.58 4.35 2.00 2.29
08/02/12 High 8.60 8 Surface 19.81 1.61 4.44 0.81
08/02/12 High 8.60 8 Bottom 19.21 1.65 2.44 0.83
08/02/12 High 8.60 9 Surface 18.95 2.69 5.27 1.38
08/02/12 High 8.60 9 Bottom 17.82 3.17 2.06 1.64
09/28/12 Low 1.90 6 Surface 12.11 1.63 4.64 0.81
09/28/12 Low 1.90 6 Bottom 12.16 1.60 3.67 0.80
09/28/12 High 8.20 1 Surface 20.94 45.20 7.45 29.05
09/28/12 High 8.20 2 Surface 20.29 45.50 6.37 29.16
09/28/12 High 8.20 6 Surface 13.62 1.68 4.95 0.84
09/28/12 High 8.20 6 Bottom 13.80 1.43 3.61 0.71
10/16/12 Low 4.50 1 Surface 11.42 2.97 7.00 1.53
10/16/12 Low 4.50 2 Surface 11.42 3.54 5.90 1.86
10/16/12 Low 4.50 6 Surface 11.77 1.24 4.10 0.61
10/16/12 Low 4.50 6 Bottom 11.71 21.70 2.96 12.74
10/16/12 Low 4.50 8 Surface 11.98 2.97 4.50 1.53
10/16/12 Low 4.50 8 Bottom 12.67 4.84 4.27 2.56
10/16/12 Low 4.50 9 Surface 13.41 13.52 7.07 7.52
10/16/12 High 8.70 1 Surface 12.96 17.40 7.02 17.06
10/16/12 High 8.70 1 Bottom 13.07 32.30 7.16 19.79
10/16/12 High 8.70 2 Surface 12.97 31.80 7.10 19.46
9 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)10/16/12 High 8.70 2 Bottom 13.02 32.40 7.01 19.86
10/16/12 High 8.70 6 Surface 11.84 1.14 2.83 0.56
10/16/12 High 8.70 6 Bottom 11.87 18.00 2.70 10.64
10/16/12 High 8.70 8 Surface 12.33 3.60 2.95 1.87
10/16/12 High 8.70 8 Bottom 12.67 4.33 3.30 2.31
10/16/12 High 8.70 9 Surface 13.85 14.90 7.50 8.42
10/16/12 High 8.70 9 Bottom 12.14 9.08 6.45 5.01
11/20/12 Low 4.20 1 Surface 8.31 10.94 6.60 6.08
11/20/12 Low 4.20 2 Surface 8.31 10.90 6.41 6.05
11/20/12 Low 4.20 4 Surface 8.25 28.00 2.43 16.79
11/20/12 Low 4.20 6 Surface 8.41 6.96 5.94 3.75
11/20/12 Low 4.20 6 Bottom 8.41 6.85 6.07 3.69
11/20/12 Low 4.20 7 Surface 8.16 10.97 9.12 6.10
11/20/12 Low 4.20 8 Surface 8.50 25.30 0.84 15.05
11/20/12 Low 4.20 8 Bottom 8.76 30.60 0.43 18.52
11/20/12 Low 4.20 9 Surface 8.50 18.40 1.34 10.65
11/20/12 Low 4.20 9 Bottom 8.75 26.80 2.43 16.03
11/20/12 High 9.10 1 Surface 8.28 23.60 8.59 13.94
11/20/12 High 9.10 1 Bottom 8.45 40.50 7.51 25.16
11/20/12 High 9.10 2 Surface 8.28 28.20 9.06 16.93
11/20/12 High 9.10 2 Bottom 8.30 31.00 9.04 18.77
11/20/12 High 9.10 3 Surface 8.20 25.30 8.50 15.04
11/20/12 High 9.10 3 Bottom 8.33 31.50 8.05 19.10
11/20/12 High 9.10 4 Surface 8.31 28.30 8.54 16.99
11/20/12 High 9.10 4 Bottom 8.33 31.50 6.75 19.10
11/20/12 High 9.10 5 Surface 8.30 28.40 8.59 17.06
11/20/12 High 9.10 5 Bottom 8.34 31.50 7.15 19.10
11/20/12 High 9.10 6 Surface 8.30 26.20 8.45 15.62
11/20/12 High 9.10 6 Bottom 8.30 30.60 7.70 18.50
11/20/12 High 9.10 7 Surface 8.37 27.90 8.05 16.73
11/20/12 High 9.10 7 Bottom 8.29 29.50 7.19 17.78
11/20/12 High 9.10 8 Surface 8.41 25.00 7.29 14.85
11/20/12 High 9.10 8 Bottom 8.42 29.10 5.90 17.52
11/20/12 High 9.10 9 Surface 8.34 20.60 5.67 12.03
11/20/12 High 9.10 9 Bottom 8.42 26.90 3.55 16.08
12/07/12 Low 2.30 1 Surface 6.17 6.78 8.14 3.65
12/07/12 Low 2.30 2 Surface 6.16 6.68 7.91 3.57
12/07/12 Low 2.30 4 Surface 7.66 37.40 2.47 23.02
12/07/12 Low 2.30 6 Surface 6.28 3.06 7.77 1.57
12/07/12 Low 2.30 6 Bottom 6.27 3.08 7.55 1.58
12/07/12 Low 2.30 7 Surface 7.04 31.10 7.91 18.79
12/07/12 Low 2.30 8 Surface 7.44 36.30 1.47 22.27
12/07/12 Low 2.30 8 Bottom 8.48 38.00 2.56 23.46
12/07/12 Low 2.30 9 Surface 5.99 3.55 3.45 1.83
12/07/12 Low 2.30 9 Bottom 8.92 39.10 4.69 24.23
12/07/12 High 9.00 1 Surface 6.21 22.20 10.04 13.00
12/07/12 High 9.00 1 Bottom 6.20 22.80 9.80 13.38
12/07/12 High 9.00 2 Surface 6.20 22.50 9.62 13.00
12/07/12 High 9.00 2 Bottom 6.20 22.70 9.42 13.32
12/07/12 High 9.00 3 Surface 6.26 23.10 8.94 13.58
12/07/12 High 9.00 4 Surface 6.38 23.20 9.72 13.64
12/07/12 High 9.00 4 Bottom 7.06 32.80 5.01 19.65
12/07/12 High 9.00 5 Surface 6.44 19.00 7.95 10.93
12/07/12 High 9.00 6 Surface 6.91 0.89 7.97 0.43
12/07/12 High 9.00 6 Bottom 6.52 15.80 7.78 9.01
12/07/12 High 9.00 7 Surface 6.41 13.00 8.04 7.30
12/07/12 High 9.00 7 Bottom 7.07 31.60 6.55 19.05
12/07/12 High 9.00 8 Surface 7.18 18.90 1.41 10.94
12/07/12 High 9.00 8 Bottom 8.61 38.10 1.59 23.54
12/07/12 High 9.00 9 Surface 7.53 5.01 1.66 2.64
12/07/12 High 9.00 9 Bottom 8.74 39.10 4.96 24.22
01/07/13 Low -0.70 1 Surface 5.71 1.80 10.11 0.90
01/07/13 Low -0.70 2 Surface 5.70 1.79 10.09 0.89
10 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)01/07/13 Low -0.70 3 Surface 5.27 13.27 4.20 7.48
01/07/13 Low -0.70 4 Surface 5.94 37.80 3.02 23.20
01/07/13 Low -0.70 4 Bottom 5.89 37.10 3.41 22.60
01/07/13 Low -0.70 5 Surface 5.82 6.79 4.08 3.77
01/07/13 Low -0.70 6 Surface 5.70 0.75 9.78 0.36
01/07/13 Low -0.70 6 Bottom 5.70 0.74 9.77 0.35
01/07/13 Low -0.70 7 Surface 5.45 11.53 6.75 6.41
01/07/13 Low -0.70 8 Surface 5.37 22.30 1.05 13.05
01/07/13 Low -0.70 8 Bottom 5.27 31.70 1.52 19.12
01/07/13 Low -0.70 9 Surface 5.79 3.53 3.17 1.82
01/07/13 Low -0.70 9 Bottom 5.78 31.80 6.49 19.20
01/07/13 High 9.20 1 Surface 6.35 30.60 9.59 18.43
01/07/13 High 9.20 1 Bottom 6.22 37.80 8.63 23.22
01/07/13 High 9.20 2 Surface 6.22 31.00 9.57 18.10
01/07/13 High 9.20 2 Bottom 6.15 37.60 9.27 23.08
01/07/13 High 9.20 3 Surface 6.09 33.70 9.07 20.47
01/07/13 High 9.20 4 Surface 5.72 4.90 9.49 2.57
01/07/13 High 9.20 4 Bottom 5.44 38.10 2.08 23.38
01/07/13 High 9.20 5 Surface 5.62 9.41 9.09 5.23
01/07/13 High 9.20 6 Surface 5.69 0.43 10.57 0.20
01/07/13 High 9.20 6 Bottom 5.66 1.41 10.17 0.78
01/07/13 High 9.20 7 Surface 5.66 1.33 9.39 0.65
01/07/13 High 9.20 7 Bottom 5.09 8.77 3.93 4.80
01/07/13 High 9.20 8 Surface 5.02 16.80 2.35 9.59
01/07/13 High 9.20 8 Bottom 5.07 32.70 0.88 19.77
01/07/13 High 9.20 9 Surface 5.40 0.99 6.51 0.48
01/07/13 High 9.20 9 Bottom 5.44 31.90 3.01 19.25
02/03/13 Low 0.60 2 Surface 5.80 1.09 8.42 0.52
02/03/13 Low 0.60 3 Surface 6.04 12.67 1.05 7.16
02/03/13 Low 0.60 4 Surface 7.43 33.40 11.94 20.33
02/03/13 Low 0.60 5 Surface 6.23 6.91 1.76 3.71
02/03/13 Low 0.60 6 Surface 5.79 0.51 7.88 0.24
02/03/13 Low 0.60 6 Bottom 5.79 0.55 7.71 0.26
02/03/13 Low 0.60 7 Surface 6.19 2.71 6.33 1.35
02/03/13 Low 0.60 8 Surface 6.53 2.64 3.36 1.34
02/03/13 Low 0.60 8 Bottom 6.59 17.20 0.36 9.87
02/03/13 Low 0.60 9 Surface 6.11 3.43 3.83 1.77
02/03/13 Low 0.60 9 Bottom 7.19 26.70 11.85 16.05
02/03/13 High 9.00 1 Surface 5.32 1.38 8.56 0.67
02/03/13 High 9.00 2 Bottom 5.32 1.09 7.96 0.53
02/03/13 High 9.00 3 Surface 5.43 13.96 0.57 8.07
02/03/13 High 9.00 4 Surface 7.04 32.10 13.20 19.45
02/03/13 High 9.00 5 Surface 5.58 7.98 1.47 4.32
02/03/13 High 9.00 6 Surface 5.40 0.50 7.95 0.24
02/03/13 High 9.00 6 Bottom 5.40 0.54 7.84 0.26
02/03/13 High 9.00 7 Surface 5.58 3.23 6.42 1.66
02/03/13 High 9.00 8 Surface 6.20 3.35 1.94 1.72
02/03/13 High 9.00 8 Bottom 6.61 15.50 0.28 8.76
02/03/13 High 9.00 9 Surface 5.53 2.48 4.29 1.25
02/03/13 High 9.00 9 Bottom 6.94 26.70 9.85 15.91
03/08/13 Low -0.10 1 Surface 5.58 0.76 8.42 0.36
03/08/13 Low -0.10 2 Surface 5.58 0.76 8.09 0.37
03/08/13 Low -0.10 3 Surface 4.84 5.47 2.00 2.90
03/08/13 Low -0.10 4 Surface 10.80 9.71 4.12 5.37
03/08/13 Low -0.10 5 Surface 6.50 2.07 1.40 1.05
03/08/13 Low -0.10 6 Surface 5.41 0.40 8.09 0.19
03/08/13 Low -0.10 6 Bottom 5.44 0.41 8.01 0.19
03/08/13 Low -0.10 7 Surface 4.22 1.28 6.45 0.63
03/08/13 Low -0.10 8 Surface 7.77 1.80 5.85 0.90
03/08/13 Low -0.10 8 Bottom 9.74 20.20 11.25 11.93
03/08/13 Low -0.10 9 Surface 5.05 0.60 7.04 0.28
03/08/13 Low -0.10 9 Bottom 9.61 19.30 16.01 11.24
03/08/13 High 7.60 1 Surface 7.91 0.75 9.50 0.36
03/08/13 High 7.60 2 Surface 7.94 0.76 9.20 0.36
03/08/13 High 7.60 3 Surface 9.99 6.20 2.13 3.35
03/08/13 High 7.60 4 Surface 11.11 14.80 6.33 8.45
03/08/13 High 7.60 5 Surface 11.20 3.19 5.20 1.63
03/08/13 High 7.60 6 Surface 7.55 0.38 8.36 0.18
11 of 12
Date Tide Height (ft) Site Depth Temp (⁰C) SpC (mS) DO (mg/L) Salinity (PSS)03/08/13 High 7.60 6 Bottom 7.54 0.41 8.27 0.19
03/08/13 High 7.60 7 Surface 11.98 1.64 9.28 0.82
03/08/13 High 7.60 8 Surface 12.48 2.43 4.74 1.24
03/08/13 High 7.60 8 Bottom 9.91 12.22 2.56 6.80
03/08/13 High 7.60 9 Surface 8.04 0.84 7.34 0.41
03/08/13 High 7.60 9 Bottom 10.35 19.40 11.71 11.38
04/25/13 Low -0.09 1 Surface 10.09 0.61 10.17 0.29
04/25/13 Low -0.09 2 Surface 10.15 0.61 9.68 0.29
04/25/13 Low -0.09 3 Surface 11.99 4.89 1.02 2.59
04/25/13 Low -0.09 4 Surface 16.42 7.84 11.52 4.28
04/25/13 Low -0.09 5 Surface 16.28 3.55 2.20 1.85
04/25/13 Low -0.09 6 Surface 9.23 0.34 7.16 0.16
04/25/13 Low -0.09 6 Bottom 9.36 0.36 7.21 0.17
04/25/13 Low -0.09 7 Surface 18.76 1.30 9.17 0.64
04/25/13 Low -0.09 8 Surface 14.10 3.01 1.83 1.55
04/25/13 Low -0.09 8 Bottom 15.06 10.82 1.17 5.60
04/25/13 Low -0.09 9 Surface 11.57 4.12 8.95 2.16
04/25/13 Low -0.09 9 Bottom 13.50 10.82 12.06 6.07
04/25/13 High 8.20 1 Surface 11.65 0.66 7.59 0.31
04/25/13 High 8.20 2 Surface 11.54 0.65 7.21 0.31
04/25/13 High 8.20 3 Surface 14.40 3.74 1.29 1.95
04/25/13 High 8.20 4 Surface 21.98 11.54 16.57 6.54
04/25/13 High 8.20 5 Surface 18.35 3.55 1.94 1.86
04/25/13 High 8.20 6 Surface 10.83 0.37 5.86 0.18
04/25/13 High 8.20 6 Bottom 10.78 0.38 5.71 0.18
04/25/13 High 8.20 7 Surface 21.29 1.48 7.58 0.74
04/25/13 High 8.20 8 Surface 18.72 6.06 2.83 3.27
04/25/13 High 8.20 8 Bottom 18.14 10.06 2.84 5.55
04/25/13 High 8.20 9 Surface 14.64 2.67 9.54 1.37
04/25/13 High 8.20 9 Bottom 17.01 16.90 4.40 9.20
05/10/13 Low -1.00 2 Surface 15.63 1.36 6.62 0.68
05/10/13 Low -1.00 6 Surface 12.84 0.97 1.42 0.46
05/10/13 Low -1.00 6 Bottom 13.41 5.66 1.07 3.03
05/10/13 Low -1.00 8 Surface 18.44 2.34 2.64 1.19
05/10/13 Low -1.00 8 Bottom 16.78 5.39 1.77 2.89
05/10/13 Low -1.00 9 Surface 17.95 5.98 0.24 3.22
05/10/13 Low -1.00 9 Bottom 17.02 9.37 0.09 5.25
05/10/13 High 8.40 1 Surface 19.71 35.90 7.22 22.46
05/10/13 High 8.40 1 Bottom 19.48 38.40 7.35 24.26
05/10/13 High 8.40 2 Surface 19.31 32.60 7.31 20.19
05/10/13 High 8.40 2 Bottom 19.32 36.30 6.91 22.73
05/10/13 High 8.40 6 Surface 13.29 0.69 1.69 0.33
05/10/13 High 8.40 6 Bottom 13.74 5.33 2.43 1.84
05/10/13 High 8.40 8 Surface 16.67 2.32 2.63 1.18
05/10/13 High 8.40 8 Bottom 17.07 7.57 2.34 4.14
05/10/13 High 8.40 9 Surface 17.36 5.97 0.53 2.29
05/10/13 High 8.40 9 Bottom 17.11 11.95 0.38 6.52
06/05/13 Low -0.50 2 Surface 14.38 3.28 6.09 1.70
06/05/13 Low -0.50 3 Surface 14.70 14.34 1.47 8.21
06/05/13 Low -0.50 4 Surface 22.10 29.00 5.47 17.82
06/05/13 Low -0.50 6 Surface 13.46 5.64 0.77 2.07
06/05/13 Low -0.50 6 Bottom 14.35 25.10 1.71 15.12
06/05/13 Low -0.50 7 Surface 23.98 9.41 1.73 5.25
06/05/13 Low -0.50 8 Surface 15.98 1.48 1.06 0.74
06/05/13 Low -0.50 8 Bottom 16.05 2.92 0.24 1.48
06/05/13 Low -0.50 9 Surface 15.37 4.11 0.53 2.16
06/05/13 Low -0.50 9 Bottom 15.95 6.38 0.47 3.43
06/05/13 High 7.60 1 Surface 20.38 13.45 5.81 6.34
06/05/13 High 7.60 2 Surface 16.97 3.09 4.42 1.61
06/05/13 High 7.60 3 Surface 15.66 15.10 0.87 8.63
06/05/13 High 7.60 4 Surface 27.66 29.40 11.68 18.22
06/05/13 High 7.60 6 Surface 14.21 4.56 1.04 2.00
06/05/13 High 7.60 6 Bottom 15.72 23.80 4.69 14.23
06/05/13 High 7.60 7 Surface 25.09 13.03 1.12 7.50
06/05/13 High 7.60 8 Surface 20.15 2.37 1.61 1.21
06/05/13 High 7.60 8 Bottom 19.87 3.26 0.47 1.71
06/05/13 High 7.60 9 Surface 17.77 2.90 1.03 1.50
06/05/13 High 7.60 9 Bottom 17.31 6.78 5.10 3.67
12 of 12
Appendix C: Graphs
This page intentionally left blank.
Temperature Graphs (pg 1 of 2)
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 1
Site 1: Low Tide, Surface
Site 1: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 2
Station 2: Low Tide, Surface
Station 2: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 3
Station 3: Low Tide, Surface
Station 3: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 4
Station 4: Low Tide, Surface
Station 4: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 5
Station 5: Low Tide, Surface
Station 5: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Temperature Graphs (pg 2 of 2)
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 6
Station 6= Low tide, Surface
Station 6: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 7
Station 7: Low Tide, Surface
Station 7: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 8
Station 8: Low Tide, Surface
Station 8: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.005.00
10.0015.0020.0025.0030.0035.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature: Station 9
Station 9: Low Tide, Surface
Station 9: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Dissolved Oxygen Graphs (pg 1 of 2)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 1
Station 1: Low Tide, Surface
Station 1: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 2
Station 2: Low Tide, Surface
Station 2: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 3
Station 3: Low Tide, Surface
Station 3: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 4
Station 4: Low Tide, Surface
Station 4: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 5
Station 5: Low Tide, Surface
Station 5: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Dissolved Oxygen Graphs (pg 2 of 2)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 6
Station 6: Low Tide, Surface
Station 6: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 7
Station 7: Low Tide, Surface
Station 7: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 8
Station 8: Low Tide, Surface
Station 8: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen: Station 9
Station 9: Low Tide, Surface
Station 9: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Salinity Graphs (pg 1 of 2)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00Sa
linity
(PSS
)
Date
Salinity: Station 1
Station 1: Low Tide, Surface
Station 1: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 2
Station 2: Low Tide, Surface
Station 2: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 3
Station 3: Low Tide, Surface
Station 3: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 4
Station 4: Low Tide, Surface
Station 4: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (m
g/L)
Date
Salinity: Station 5
Station 5: Low Tide, Surface
Station 5: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Salinity Graphs (pg 2 of 2)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 6
Station 6: Low Tide, Surface
Station 6: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 7
Station 7: Low Tide, Surface
Station 7: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 8
Station 8: Low Tide, Surface
Station 8: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity: Station 9
Station 9: Low Tide, Surface
Station 9: High Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Stratification Graphs: Site 6 (pg 1 of 2)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity and Stratification: Station 6
Station 6, High Tide, Bottom
Station 6, High Tide, Surface
Station 6, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 6, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature and Stratification: Station 6
Station 6, High Tide, Bottom
Station 6, High Tide, Surface
Station 6, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 6, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen and Stratification: Station 6
Station 6, High Tide, Bottom
Station 6, High Tide, Surface
Station 6, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 6, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Stratification Graphs: Site 8 (pg 1 of 2)
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Tem
p (d
eg C
)
Date
Temperature and Stratification: Station 8
Station 8, High Tide, Bottom
Station 8, High Tide, Surface
Station 8, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 8, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
DO
(mg/
L)
Date
Dissolved Oxygen and Stratification: Station 8
Station 8, High Tide, Bottom
Station 8, High Tide, Surface
Station 8, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 8, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
Salin
ity (P
SS)
Date
Salinity and Stratification: Station 8
Station 8, High Tide, Bottom
Station 8, High Tide, Surface
Station 8, Low Tide, Bottom
Station 8, Low Tide, Surface
culvert removal
Appendix D: Photographs of Sampling Stations
This page intentionally left blank.
1 of 3
WQ Station 1 WQ Station 2
WQ Station 3 WQ Station 4
2 of 3
WQ Station 5 WQ Station 6
WQ Station 7 WQ Station 8
3 of 3
WQ Station 9