chs ap psychology unit 3: biological psychology essential task 3-5b:describe the subdivisions and...
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The Central Nervous System The Brain The Spinal CordTRANSCRIPT
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CHS AP Psychology
Unit 3: Biological Psychology
Essential Task 3-5b:Describe the subdivisions and functions of the peripheral nervous system:A. Somatic Nervous SystemB. Autonomic Nervous System
– i. Sympathetic Nervous System (Fight or Flight)– ii. Parasympathetic Nervous System (Rest and Digest)
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The Central Nervous System
• The Brain• The Spinal Cord
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The Spinal Cord
• Complex cable of nerves that connects brain to rest of the body
• Carries motor impulses from the brain to internal organs and muscles
• Carries sensory information from extremities and internal organs to the brain
• 400,000 people a year in US either partial or complete paralysis.
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The Spinal Cord
• The spinal cord controls some protective reflex movements without any input from the brain
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The Somatic Nervous System
• Consists of neurons that communicate between the body and the brain
• Motor Neurons– Neurons that carry messages from the
spinal cord (through interneurons) or brain to muscles and glands
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The Autonomic Nervous System
• Sympathetic division– Most active when you
are angry, afraid, or aroused
– Increases heart rate and breathing
– Stops digestion– “Fight-or-flight”
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SNS = Evolutionary Byproduct
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What “fear” looks like…(Taken in a Haunted House)
A Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Response
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Hold me!
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Congo line of fear
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Even Flannel Bros have an SNS response
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The “I’m not really here to protect you;
I just happen to be in front” response.
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Fight, Flight and “Freeze”?
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The pupils don’t just dilate for some people. The eyes widen, too!
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The Autonomic Nervous System
• Parasympathetic division– Calms body– Produces effects
opposite to those of the sympathetic division
– Reduces heart rate and breathing
– Restores digestion– “Rest and Digest”
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The Hypothalamus Has Central Control of the ANS• When someone experiences a stressful event, the
amygdala, an area of the brain that contributes to emotional processing, sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus. – This area of the brain functions like a command center,
communicating with the rest of the body through the nervous system so that the person has the energy to fight or flee.
• The hypothalamus is involved in the coordination of ANS responses– One section of the hypothalamus seems to control
many of the "fight or flight" responses; another section favors "rest and digest" activities