chromolith hplc

Discover the secrets of the new chrom age

Chro

mol

ith®

HPLC

Col

umns

Chromolith® HPLC columns are made with monolithic silica technology.Chromolith® Performance RP-18e columns provide rapid high qualityseparation of complex mixtures, while Chromolith® SpeedROD RP-18ecolumns are even faster and are perfect for fast analysis of simpler mixtures.

Chromolith®, the columns for

• Dramatic savings of time• Added separation efficiency• Highest overall column quality• Reduced wear of your equipment

Product Name and Description

Chromolith® SpeedROD RP-18eChromolith® Performance RP-18eChromolith® Flash RP-18eChromolith® Performance RP-18eValidation KitChromolith® Guard Cartridge RP-18eChromolith® Guard Cartridge KitChromolith® Guard Cartridge RP-18eChromolith® Guard Cartridge KitChromolith® Column CouplerChromolith® Performance RP-8eChromolith® Performance Si

VWR Cat. No.

48219-49048219-46848219-47048219-742

48219-73648219-74648219-73848219-74848219-74448219-87848219-880

Diameter

4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm

4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm4.6 mm

Length

50 mm100 mm25 mm

100 mm

5 mm5 mm

10 mm10 mm

100 mm100 mm

Content of Package

One HPLC columnOne HPLC columnOne HPLC columnThree HPLC column

Three guard cartidgesOne starter kitThree guard cartridgesOne starter kitOne column couplerOne HPLC columnOne HPLC column

Distributed by VWR International, Inc.

Manufactured by Merck KGaADarmstadt, Germany

0104 (10m) Lit. No.99940

Merck KGaADarmstadt, Germany

®

Particulate Columns:

2 3

The classical age !Sample throughput has increasedsignificantly and subsequentlyindustry in particular has enjoyedlarge gains in productivity.Existing technology has, how-ever, also placed certain limitati-ons on the further development oflaboratory productivity. Not leastof these limitations is the HPLCcolumn technology available.

Until now HPLC columns havebeen made of particulate materials, usually silica. By theirvery nature small particles whenpacked tightly into an HPLCsteel column, create a significantresistance to the flow of the solvent/sample mixture.

The result is:

• Very high pressure sometimes has to be used to produce an acceptable flow rate otherwise separations can take up to 30 minutesor more.

• Between gradient runs the columns require a lengthy flushing or equilibration phase before the next sample injection can take place.

• The high resistance places a limitation on the flow rates employedin a method or on the length of the separation column, which can reasonably be used. Further options to improve either the separationquality or the productivity by altering the flow rate within a run or tofurther extend the column length are not available.

• The particulate nature of a classical silica gel column means thatinlet bed settling can occur, which reduces the reliability of the separation and the reproducibility of results.

• The high pressures used also create enormous back-pressure on theinstrumentation and reduce the life of pumps, its seals and the columnitself.

To overcome these limitationsmonolithic rods of highly poroussilica are now available as


“Chromolith® HPLC Columns”

Monolithic silica technology: A new age in ChromatographyChromolith® columns are still based on metal-free silica soexisting methods can be easily transferred with only minimal investment in new method development work.

Based on the new “Sol-Gel” technology, highly porousmonolithic rods of silica with a revolutionary bimodal porestructure can be formed.

Macroporous structure

Each macropore is on average 2 μm in diameter andtogether form a dense network of pores through which theeluent can rapidly flow at low pressure dramatically redu-cing separation time.

Mesoporous structure

These mesopores form the fine porous structure (13 nm) ofthe column interior and create a very large surface area onwhich adsorption of the target compounds can occur.

• This unique combination of macropores and mesopores enables theChromolith® columns to provide excellent separations in a fraction ofthe time compared to a standard particulate column.

High Flow Rates

Owing to the very high porosity of theChromolith® column, very high flowrates can be applied with very low pressures.

Classical Quality

Even the traditional plate count methodof measuring quality shows that theChromolith® column is better than astandard 5 μm particulate column and asgood as a 3.5 μm, but with the ability tocontinue up to 9 mL/min without rea-ching HPLC system pressure limits.

columns standardizedon dimension

100 mm x 4.6 mm,10 μL Anthracene

(10μg/mL), mobilephase 60% acetonitri-

le, 40% water, 25ºC

Column: Chromolith® Performance RP-18e (100 mm x 4,6 mm)Mobile Phase: Isocratic acetonitrile / 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water, 20/80 (v/v)Pressure: Total pressure (including HPLC system)25ºC, UV 220 nm, 5 μL InjectionAnalytes: 1) 63 μg/mL Atenolol 2) 29 μg/mL Pindolol3) 108 μg/mL Metoprolol 4) 104 μg/mL Celiprolol 5) 208 μg/mL Bisoprolol


4 5

Overall Quality

The Separation Impedance E is the measurement of overall quality of acolumn (Ref. 1). It combines the narrowness of the bands, the analysistime and the pressure needed to drivethe separation. The Chromolith® columnis clearly superior to all particulatecolumns available.

Speed and Quality inPractice

With Chromolith® columns, flow ratescan easily be varied from 1 mL up to 9mL per minute with the same highquality resolution.

1 mL / min - 17 bar

3 mL / min - 51 bar

5 mL / min - 85 bar

7 mL / min - 119 bar

9 mL / min - 153 bar

(Ref. 2)

Discover the secrets• Higher Throughput

Analysis

In a modern HPLC laboratory multiplesample analysis is normal, therefore, thetotal working time is also dependent onthe period required to re-equilibrate the column between solvent gradient runs. Chromolith®

columns ensure real high throughputanalysis and increases in laboratory productivity for the first time.

• New Dimensions inHPLC

Chromolith® columns add a new dimen-sion for obtaining optimum separationin the fastest time. This new parameteris flow rate. Chromolith® columns arevery responsive to changes in flow rate.Flow rates can be changed in mid flowto either enhance the peak definition ofthe target compound or to shorten thetotal separation time once the targetcompound has successfully eluted. Thisis of particular value to more clearlyseparate two closely eluting peaks with-out significantly affecting the total runtime. Likewise, it can also reduce totalrun time when certain compounds elutemuch later than all the other compo-nents of the sample.

Column

Mobile phase

Double gradient

PressureTemperature

DetectionInjection

Chromolith Performance RP-18e (100 mm x 4.6 mm)A: acetonitrileB: 0.1% phosphoric acid in waterTime %A %B Flow rate0 min 35 65 3 mL/min1.8 min 46 54 3 mL/min2.2 min 80 20 5 mL/min3 min 80 20 5 mL/min90 bar maximum total pressure22ºCUV 254 nm10 μL

1) Phenol2) 2-Chlorophenol3) 2-Nitrophenol4) 2,4-Dinitrophenol5) 4-Chloro-3-

methylphenol6) 2,4-Dinitro-6-

methylphenol7) 2,4,6 Trichloro-

phenol8) Pentachlorophenol

6 7


of Chromolith® columns• More Reliability

Because of the monolithic silica natureof Chromolith® columns, inlet bed settling or bed splitting under high pres-sure have simply been eliminated.Column reliability, reproducibility andlong life are ensured.

Versatility and Qualityin Routine Analysis

Chromolith® HPLC columns are notonly very fast, they also provide reliableseparations and quality results for routine work in the research, methoddevelopment or analytical laboratories.The inner surface of the Chromolith®

column sorbent can be chemically deri-vatized in the same way as conventionalparticulate materials. The Chromolith®

RP-18e columns are, therefore, suitablefor high performance separation of aci-dic, basic, nonpolar and metal chelatingcompounds. Their versatility of usemakes them ideal as a first line routinecolumn in the laboratory.

Ref.1: U.D. Neue, “HPLC columns: Theory, Technologyand Practice“, Wiley-VCH, NY (1997)Ref.2: P.A. Bristow and J.H. Knox, Chromatographia 10/(6),279-288 (1977)

• Added Column Performance

Chromolith® HPLC columns can be linked in a series producing a column with atheoretical plate count which is significantly higher than particulate columns, whileproducing pressures well below the HPLC system limit. With particulate columnsfurther column length is prevented by excessive back pressure.

Column diameter 4.6 mm,60% acetonitrile, 40% water; 3 mL/min, 25ºC,

10 μL Anthracene (10 μg/mL)

Column Length Back Pressure Plate Number N (mm) (bar) Anthracene

Chromolith Performance 1x 100 30 10000Chromolith Performance 2x 200 60 19000Chromolith Performance 3x 300 90 27000Chromolith Performance 4x 400 120 35000Chromolith Performance 5x 500 150 41000

Particulate 5 μm Competitor X 250 320 16000Particulate 5 μm Competitor Z 250 210 17500 Particulate 5 μm Competitor L 250 220 18500

Particulate 3.5 μm Competitor X 150 330 11500Particulate 3.5 μm Competitor Z 150 260 14000Particulate 3.5 μm Competitor L 150 400 19000

chromolith hplc

Documents