chordates zoology donald winslow 4 april 2008 following hickman et al. 2008, ch 23 pp 497-506,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ChordatesZoology
Donald Winslow
4 April 2008
Following Hickman et al. 2008,
Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates)
Ch 24 515-540 (fishes); Ch 25 544-559 (amphibians)
Ch 26 563-582 (reptiles); Ch 27 586-610 (birds);
Ch 28 613-640 (mammals)
![Page 2: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Characteristics of chordates
• Notocord, often endoskeleton
• Dorsal hollow nerve cords
• Often predators
• Pharyngeal gill slits, often become gills
• Paired appendages—fins, limbs, wings
• Postanal tail
• Segmented myotomes
![Page 3: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Phylum Chordata
• Subphylum Urochordata—tunicates
• Subphylum Cephalochordata—lancelets
• Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata)– The fishes (paraphyletic)– Class Amphibia (paraphyletic)– Class Reptilia (paraphyletic)– Class Aves (monophyletic)– Class Mammalia (monophyletic)
![Page 4: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Quasi-cladistic classification
• Chordata– Urochordata– Euchordata
• Cephalochordata• Craniata
– Myxini (hagfishes)– Petromyzontida (lampreys)– Gnathostomata (jawed fishes & tetrapods)
» Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes)» Teleostomi (bony fishes & tetrapods)
![Page 5: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Teleostomi
• Osteichthyes (bony fishes)– Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)– Class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes)
• Tetrapoda (terrestrial four-legged beasts)– Class Amphibia– Amniota
• Class Reptilia & Class Aves (birds)• Class Mammalia
![Page 6: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Fishes
• Pisces, ichthyology
• Superclass Agnatha (jawless fishes)– Slender, eel-like, median fins– Cartilaginous skeleton, persistent notochord– No vertebrae– External fertilization, separate sexes
• Superclass Gnathostomata– Jawed fishes & tetrapods
![Page 7: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Superclass Agnatha
• Class Myxini (hagfishes)– Feed on dead & dying animals, knots
• Class Petromyzontida (lampreys)– Ectoparasites– Larvae (ammocoetes) resemble Amphioxus
![Page 8: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Gnathostomes
• Class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes)– Subclass Elasmobranchii (sharks & rays)– Subclass Holocephali (chimaeras)
• Osteichthyes (bony fishes)– Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
• Chondrosteans (sturgeon, paddlefish, bichir)• Neopterygians (bowfins, gars, teleosts)
– Class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes)• Lungfishes & coelacanth
![Page 9: Chordates Zoology Donald Winslow 4 April 2008 Following Hickman et al. 2008, Ch 23 pp 497-506, 508-510, 512 (protochordates & early vertebrates) Ch 24](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081518/551a7a70550346761a8b4d6e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Spotted Gar