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Chinese Media in Transition

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Page 1: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

Chinese Media in Transition

Page 2: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to
Page 3: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

Chinese Revolution•1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural

Revolution

•mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth-Red Guards

•to prevent the development of Soviet style of communism

•persecution of teachers and intellectuals

•cult of Mao’s personality - Maoism

•economic crisis, industrial production dropped

Page 4: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

China in the 80s and 90s

•1978-late 1980s: the new president Deng Xiao Ping

•Revitalization of economy

•Four Modernizations: agriculture, industry, science & technology, military

•establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) > attract foreign investments

•Shenzhen City in Guangdong Province

Page 5: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

Shenzhen City

Page 6: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

TV in China•Gov. makes major commitment to TV in 1980s

•stations start to develop at national, regional, local level

•540+ stations; 100 produce original programs

•TV ownership rises to almost every urban home by 1990

•by 1995: 86% “were able to watch TV”

•90% of viewers can receive the national channel CCTV

Page 7: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

TV in China

•TV’s unintended consequences:

•raises expectations regarding prosperity

•becomes site of popular discussion about modernization and social change

•motivates personal earnings and saving, which in turn stimulates the national economy

Page 8: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

News Culture

•CCTV is heavily controlled by the CCP

•CCTV-News was in reaction to global competition: Murdoch’s Phoenix TV and other regional channels

•Failed start of CCTV-News because of structural problems

•2003- war in Iraq. 2008 Earthquake: major change

Page 9: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

News Culture•The rise of CCTV-News imposed a re-

articulation of journalistic professionalism and philosophy of news;

•Market-professionalism of the Western model is criticized and Partisan media model is upheld as a better service to the public.

•Chinese are exposed to a global news culture that operates under the Western model of news-making.

Page 10: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

News Culture

•Is Western professionalism a global norm?

•Is it necessarily conducive to press freedom?

•Interest in a more public/civic role for journalists in China

Page 11: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

Public/civic Role •Not telling the news, but helping public

life go well;

•From a detached journalist to a public life participant;

•From describing what’s wrong to imagining what’s right;

•From seeing people as consumers, readers, and bystanders to seeing them as a public that can suggest solutions to public issues.

Page 12: Chinese Media in Transition. Chinese Revolution 1966-1976 Mao Tse Tung’s Cultural Revolution mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth- Red Guards to

Challenges

•Focused Interview: to construct; not to destroy

•Contact with global news media actors causes countries to reconsider their heavy grip on news.

•The Internet is another window to look at these fundamental changes in the Chinese news culture today.