chines part 5 degrees of protection by enclosures for rotating machinery_spln 34e_1980

7/30/2019 Chines Part 5 Degrees of Protection by Enclosures for Rotating Machinery_spln 34e_1980

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Rotatinglectrical achinesPart : Degreesfprolectionyenclosuresor rotating achinery

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CONTENTSFonnwonnPnBracEExpraNnroRYNorE

Page. 5. 5. 7

Clausel. Scope 92. Designation . 93. Protection of persons against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure and

protection of machines against ingressof solid foreign bodies l1

4. Protection of machinesagainst harmful ingressof water. 135. Most frequqntly used degrees f protection6. Tests to check protection of persons against contact with live or moving parts inside the

enclosureand protection of machinesagainst ngressof solid foreign bodies .

7. Tests to check protection of machines against harmful ingressof water

AppENux - Equipment for checking protection against spraying and splashing water 27

Frcunns

t 71 7t 9

28


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TNTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSTON

ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINESPart 5: Degreesof protectionby enclosures

for rotating machinery

FOREWORD

The formal decisions or agreements of the I E C on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on rvhich all theNational Committees having a special interest therein ar e represented, express, as nearly as possible, an internationalconsensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.They have the form of recommendations fo r international us e and they ur e accepted by the National Contnrittees in thatsens9.In order to promote this internat ional uni f i cat ion, th e I E C expresseshe wish that a l l Nat ional Commi t tees hav ing asye t no national rules , when preparing such rules, should use he I E C recommendations as the fundamental basis or theserules in so far a s national conditions will permit.The desirabil ity is recognized of exten ding international agreement on these matters through an endeavour to harmonizenational standardization rules with these recommendations in so far as national conditions will permit. Th e NationalCommittees pledge their influence towards that end.

PREFACEThis Recommendation has been prepared by Sub-Committee 2H, Degrees of Protection of Enclosures -

Methods of Cooling, of IEC Technical Committee No. 2, Rotating Machinery.It forms part of a seriesof recommendations dealing with rotating electrical machinery, other parts being:Part l: Rating and PerformancePublication 4-l).Paft 2: Recommendationsn Determination f Efficiency f Rotating ElectricalMachinery Publication34-2).Part 3: Ratingsand Characteristicsf 3-phase 0 Hz Turbine-typeGeneratorsPublication 4-3).Part 4: Methods for Determining SynchronousMachine Qr.rantitiesrom Tests Publication 34-4).

A first draft was discussed uring the meetingsheld in Paris in 1963, n Berlin in 1964and in L.ondon n 1966.As a result of,the latter meeting,a final draft was submitted to the National Committees fo r approval under theSix Months' Rule in December 1966.

r)2)3)

4)

The following countries voted explicitly inAustraliaAustriaBelgiumCzechoslovakiaDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyIsraelItalY

favour of publication:JapanKorea (Republic of )NetherlandsNorwaySouth AfricaSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnion of Soviet Socialist RepublicqUni ted Kingdom


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EXPLANATORY NOTE

When preparingPublication 34-5, Sub-Committee2H took as a basis or its study IEC Publication 144, DegreesofProtection of Enclosures or Low-voltage Switchgearand Controlgear. It was however felt necessary o make a number ofalterations o the requirementsof Publication 144so that they could be used or rotating machinery.

Apart from someeditorial alterations, he main discrepancies re the following:Deletion of the first characteristical umeral 3; protection against ngressof foreign bodies greater han 2.5 mm: thisdegree s not in use for rotating machinery.The second haracteristic umerals6-7 and 8: ingress f water nto themachineshallnot be possiblen harmfulquantities(seealso Sub-clause .3): as water cannot be prevented rom entering rotating machinery, t was necessaryo alter thewording and to draft acceptance onditionsallowing for an ingressof water which shouldnot be harmful.

A new degree of protection was added: Weather-protectedmachinery: this protection, frequently used for rotatingmachinery, s designatedby a letter, in order to retain the sequence f numeralsof Publication 144.Test conditions or first characteristic umerals and 2:It was necessary:a) to provide test conditions or moving parts, which did not exist for switchgearand controlgear;b) to prevent he test sphereentering he enclosure, ven f it does not touch live parts, as this can be dangerous nrotating machinery;c) to add requirements or testingmachineswith a rated voltage over I 000 V.Test conditions or secondcharacteristic umerals3 and 4:It was not felt to be possible o prescribea single est device, aken from one national standard,and which moreover isunsuitable or testing argeapparatus;hence wo devices re given,as examples,n an appendix.Moreover, or the secondnumeral 3, testingwith the oscillating ube s not correct(the direction of jets of water, comingout of holesdrilled at an angleof 60o rom the vertica l when the tube is itself tilted at 60' from the vertical plane doesnot correspondat all to the specified irection); this led to prescribinga test with the tube stationary and the machineunder test rotating around a vertical axis.Test conditions of secondcharacteristicnumerals5 and 6:Comprehensiveestsmade n severalcountries have shown that the essentialpoint is waterpressure, he distance betweennozzleand machine being only of secondary mportance. It was consideredpreferable to havedifferent prcssuresbut tostatea singledistance, hosen or the convenience f testing.Test conditions for secondcharacteristic numeral 7:Immersion under a headof water of I m above he upper part of the machinewould lead, for a large machine withvertical axis, to providing joints, packingsand bearings or a headof at least 3 m of waterowhich is obviously too great.Hence he requirement referring to the mountingplane,with the condition that the machineshall be completely immersed.


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ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINESPart 5 : Degrees of protecfion by enclosures

for rotating machinery

l. Scope1.1 This Recommendationhas as its scope he definition of :

a) Standard degreesof protection by enclosuresapplicable to electrical rotating machines asregards:i) protection of personsagainst contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure andprotection of machinesagainst ngressof solid foreign bodies;

ii) protection of machines against harmful ingressof liquids.Designations or theseprotective degrees.Tests o be performed o check hat the machinesmeet he requirementsof this Recommendation.

This Recommendationdoesnot apply to specialdegrees f protection suchas protection of machinesin an explosiveatmosphere. Such machinesmust comply with recommendationsof IEC Publica-tion79, ElectricalApparatus for ExplosiveGas Atmospheres.Neither does t coverprotection againstother unusual service onditions suchas moisture,corrosivevapours, fungus or vermin.This Recommendation is intended to define a number of requirements with which protectiveenclosures hould comply.The tests are type tests or enclosure. They shall be carried out on standard products or models ofthem. Where this is not feasible, he test should be carried out in accordancewith an asreementbetweenmanufacturer and user.Tests shall be made on a new machine, ready to run, provided with al l parts and mounted asspecifiedby the manufacturer.

2. Designation2.1 The designation used for the degree of protection consists of the letters IP followed by twocharacteristic numerals signifying conformity with the conditions stated in the tables of Clauses3and 4 respectively.

This may be followed by a letter indicating whether the protection against harmful ingress ofwater was tested with'the machine not running (letter S) or the machine in operation (letter M).The absenceof any letter means hat the protection was tested n both cases,machine running andnot running *.

b)c)

1 . 2

1 . 3

* The meaningof letterW, which may be part of designation,s given n Clause , Note 2.


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1 l -2.1.1 The irst chqracteristicnumeral designateshe degree of protection of persons against contact withlive or moving parts inside the enclosure and of machines against ingress of solid foreign bodies.

Note.- A singlecharacteristicnumeral is used to designate he two degrees f protection mentioned above; it isunderstood hat protection against ngressof solid foreign bodies mplies a certain amount of protection ofpersonsagainstcontactwith live or moving parts nside he enclosure nd vice versa.

2.1.2 The second characteristic numeral designates the degrees of protection against harmful ingress ofwater.Note. - Degrees f protection definedby IEC Publication 144,Degreesof Protection of Enclosures or Low-voltageSwitchgearand Controlgear, were as far as possible aken into account.

Ffowever, omedegrees f the above-mentioned ublicationcould not be retainedas hey were not applicableto generalpurpose otating machinery:First characteristic umeral 3: Protectionagainstsolid bodiesgreater han 2.5 mm.First characteristic umeral 6: Completeprotection against ngressof dust.Detailsof discrepanciesetweenhepresentRecommendationnd Publication 44 regiven n theexplanatorynote on page7.

2.2 It is recommended that the characteristic letters and numerals be marked on the machine preferablyon the nameplate, or, if this is not practicable, on the enclosure.

2.3 When al l parts of a machine have not the samedegreeof protection, the designation of the lowestdegreeshall be shown first, followed if applicableby the other designationwith reference o the partto which it applies.

3. Protection of personsagainst contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosureand protectionofmachines against ingress of solid foreign bodies

Degree of protectionFirstcharacteristicnumeralTestconditions(seesub-clause)hort designation Definition

Non-protected machine No special protection of persons against accidentalor inadvertent contact with live or moving parts.

No protection of machineforeignbodies. ingress f solid

Machineprotectedagainstsolidbodiesgreater han50 mmProtectionagainstaccidental r inadvertentcontactwith live and moving parts inside the enclosureby a large surface of the human body, forexample, hand,but no protectionagainstdelibe-rate accesso suchparts.

Protection against ingress of large solid foreignbodies (diametergreater han 50 mm).


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FirstcharacteristicnumeralDegreeof protection Testconditions(see

sub-clause)hort designation Definition

Machineprotectedagainstsolid bodiesgreater han12 mmProtection against contact by finger with live ormoving parts inside he enclosure .

Protection against ingressof small solid foreignbodies diametergreater han 12 mm).

6.1and6.2

Machineprotectedagainstsolid bodiesgreater hanl m mProtectionagainst ontactwith live or movingpartsinside the enclosure by tools, wires, or suchobjectsof thicknessgreater han I mm r.

Protection against ingressof small solid foreignbodies (diameter greaterthan I mm) excludingthe ventilation openings intake and dischargeofexternal fans) and the drain hole of enclosedmachine, which may have degree2 protection.

6 .1and6.4

Machine protectedagainstdust 2 Complete protection against contact with live ormoving parts nside he enclosure .

Protection against harmful depositsof dust. Theingressof dust is not totally prevented,but dustcannot enter in an amount sufficient o interferewith satisfactoryoperation of the machine.

6.5

1 In the caseof machines ooledby meansof an external an, the fan shall be so protectedas to preventcontactof the bladesor spokesof the fan with the standard est inger. However, at the outlet of the fan, the test fingeris not insertedpast the 50 mm diameterguard (seeFigure 1, page28).2 The degreeof protection against dust definedby this Recommendation s a generalone. When the nature ofthe dust (dimensions f particles, heir nature, or instance ibrousparticles) s specified, est conditionbshouldbe determined by agreementbetweenmanufacturer and customer.

4. Protection of machinesagainst harmful ingress of water

SecondcharacteristicnumeralDegree of protection

Short designation Definition

Testconditions(seesub-clause)

Non-protected machine No special protection.

Machine protectedagainstdripping water Dripping water (vertically alling drops) shall haveno harmful effect. 7 . 1 . 1


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Degreeof protectionSecondcharacteristicnumeral Short designation Definit ion

Testconditions(seesub-clause)

Machine protected againstdrops of water fallingup to 15o rom the verti-cal

Drops of water fall ing at any angle up to l5 ' fromthe vertical shall have no harmful effect 1. 7 . t . 2

Machine protected againstspraying water

Water falling as a spray at an anglesmaller han 60" with respect o thehave no harmful effect1.equal to or

vertical shall

Machine protected againstsplashing water

Water splashed against the machine from any direc-tion shall have no harmful effect.

Machine protected againstwater. iets Water projected by afrom any direction nozzle against the machineshall have no harmful effect.

Water from heavy seas shall not enter the nrachinein a harmful quantity.

7 . 1 . 5

Machine protected againstconditions on ships' deck

' t . 1 . 6

Machine protected againstthe effects of immersion

Ingress of water in th e machine in a harmfulquantity shal l not be possible when th e machineis immersed in water under s tated condi t ions ofpressure and time.

Submersible machine harmfulmachinepressure

1 If national standards recognize values differing from those above (for degrees 2 and 3), the designation shouldthen show clearly this deviation, for instance by adding the letter X between th e second characteristic numeraland the letter S or M respectively (see Sub-clause2.1).

2 A machine is weather protected when its design reduces the ingress of rain, snow and airborne particles, underspecified conditions, to an amount consistent with correct operation.

This degree of protection is designated by the letter W (placed between IP and the numerals).


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Most frequentlyuseddegrees f protection

Tests to check protection of persons against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosureandprotection of machines against ingress of solid foreign bodies

All tests shall be made with the machine at rest.Firstcharacteristicnumeral Testconditions

6.

Second cha-racteristic

Firtscharacte-

Note.- The above list comprises he most frequentlyused degrees f protection, on the international evel, naccordance ith the descriptiongiven n Clauses and 4. It may be alteredor completed or specialneeds,or according to the necessities f national standards.

No test is required.

The test s madewith a sphereof 52.5mm diameterapplied against he enclosurewith a forceof 50 N.The test is deemedsatisfactory f the spheredoesnot enter the enclosureand cannot touchlive or moving parts nside he enclosure.

a) LivepartsThe test is made using a metallic contact finger such as the one shown in Figure l,connectedby an incandescentamp to one pole of a supply of at least40 V, the other poleof the supply being connected o the parts intended to be live in normal service,electriiallyconnacted ogether during the test. The rated voltage of the lamp is equal to that of thesource.The protection is deemedsatisfactory f the lamp does not light when an attempt is madetotouch the bare ive partsor insufficientlynsulatedparts,with the test ingerplaced n everypossibleposition and pushedwithout undue force.


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FirstcharacteristicnumeralTest conditions

a) Live parts (continued)For these tests, conducting parts covered only with varnish or paint or protected byoxidation or by a similar process hall be coveredwith a metal foil electricallyconnectedto thoseparts live in normal service.High-voltage nsulatedwindings should also be covered by a metal foil, connected o onepole of the abovequoted supply.

b) Moving parts *Except for shaftsand similar smoothparts, the test inger shall not touch internal movingparts when the machine s rotating. For that test, he rotor is slowly rotated by hand. Inaddition, the enclosuremust not admit a sphereof 12.5mm diameter.

The test s made with a steelwire of I mm diameter*.The test s deemed atisfactoryf the wire cannot enter the enclosure.

The test shouldbe madeusing he equipmentshown n Figure 2,page29,consistingof a closedtest chamber n which talcum powder is maintained n suspension y an air current. Thetalcumpowder used s to passa square-meshedievewhosenomrnalwire diameter s 50 irmand the nominal width betweenwires s 75 pm. The amount of talcum powder to be usedis 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber. The equipment under test is hung inside thechamber and its enclosure s connected o a vacuum pump which maintains inside theenclosure differentialpressure quivalent o not more than a headof 200 mm wate r. Thetest s stoppedat the end of 2 h if the volume of t he air drawn in during this period is from80 to 120 imes the volume of air in the enclosure nder test.iIf, with the vacuumequivalent o a headof 200mm water, t is not possible o draw in 80 imes

the volume of air indicated above, he test shall be continued until that value is attainedor until 8 h havepassed,whichever occurs irst.Dust in harmful amoun t shall not be depositedon the insulatingpathsbetween ive parts orbetween ive parts and earth.The test s carriedout only on machines f shaftheight up to 132mm (seeEC Publication72-1,Dimensionsand Output Ratings of Electrical Machines, Part l: Foot-mounted ElectricalMachineswith ShaftHeightsbetween56 and 315 mm (251"and 12t/2 n). For machinesofshaft height over 132 mm, the result of the test carried out on a machine of comparabledesign,but of lower shaft height, s considered ufficient.

7.7 . 1

* SeeNote I of Clause3.

Tests to check protection of machinesagainst harmful ingress of waterTest conditions

For degreeof protection 0, no test is required.For degrees f protection 1,2,3 and 4,a study of drawing s generallysufficient. n caseof doubt,the test s carried out in accordancewith the following conditions (1 to 4).


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Secondcharacteristicnumeral Testconditions

The test is made by applying a streamof water rom a nozzleof 12.5mm insidediameteronthe machine n all di rections at a pressure f 105N/m. (1 kgf/cmz).

The nozzleshould be held at a distance 3 m away from the machine under test.The water flow is approximately 100 itresper minute.The duration of the test should be sufficient or splashing he machine from all directions,but not less han 10 min.

The test s madeby completelymmersing he machine n waterso that the headof waterabovethe mounting plane of the machine s I m and the upper part of the machine s at least15 cm below the surface of water.The duration of the test s 30 min.By agreementbetweenmanufacturer and user, this test may be replaced by the followingprocedure:

The enclbsure hould be testedwith an insideair pressureof about lOaN/m2(0,1kgf/cmz).The duration of the test s I min. The test s deemed atisfactory f no air leaksout duringthe test. Air leakagemay be detectedeither by submersion, he water just covering themachine,or by the application on to it of a solution of soap n water.

Test conditions are subject to an agreementbetweenmanufacturer and user.

Notes /. - The numeral values shown in the table for water pressure,water flow and test duration. as well as fornozzledimensions,were stated after a careful study.It should be noted that the water flow correspondso an areaof projection, on a plane parallel to theshaft,of I m2; this coversmost machines.When the projection area of a machine s greater han I mz,the water flow and duration of test are sufficient, f all critical areassuch as oints, packings,bearingsare tested.

2. - The measurement f the water pressuremay be replacedby that of the height to which the spray of thenozzle reely rises:

The distance f the nozzle o themachineunder est, or degrees and 6,wasset o 3 m for practical easons;it may be reduced n order to test he machine rom everydirection.

7.2 Stqte of the machineTesis shall be made on machinesnot running for all degreesof protection. They may be made onrunning machinesfor degrees4 to 6.

lOaN/mz (0.3kgf/cmz)105N/mz (1 kgficm2)


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2 5 -7.3 Acceptance onditions

After the test n accordancewith Sub-clause .1 ha sbeencarriedout, the machine s subjectedto the followins tests:

7.3.1 Thc amount of water which ha s entered he machine shallsatisfactoryoperation; the windings and live parts shall notwhich could reach hem shall occur inside the enclosure.It is howeverpermissible or the bladcsof fans nside rotatingthe shaft s allowable f provision is made for drainage of this

no t be capableof interfering rvith itsbe we t and no accumulati onoi watermachineso be wet; also eakage longwater.

7.3.2a) In the caseof a test on a mechineconditions,under rated voitage orbeing 50% of the test voltage or a

no t running, the machineshall be operated under no-lozrd15 min, then subrnitted o a high-r,oltage.,est, the test voltagcnew machine but not less han 125/" of the rateCvoltage).

b)

c)

In the caseof a test on a running machine,only thewith Sub-clause .3.2a) .The test is deemedsatisfactorv f these checks showcation 34-1.

high-voltage test is made, in accorduncc

no damage according to the IEC Publ i -


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APPENDIXEQUIPMENTSFOR CHECKTNGPROTECTIONAGAINST SPRAYING

AND SPLASHING WATERl . Oscillating tube equipment

The equipment shown in Figure 4, page31, is that described nof a tube formed into a semi-circle, he radius of which is as smallthe dimensionsof the machine under test.

Th e machineunder test s mounted n its normal position on avertical and the height of which may be adjustedand locatednear theby the tube.

IEC Publ icat ion144; i t consistsasposs ib leak ing nto account

turn- tab lc .hc ax iso l 'wh ic l r scentreof thc serni-circleorrned

2.

When the machine is testedaccording to secondnumeral 3, holes are drilled in the tube trp toan angle of 60o rom vertical. The tube is kept stationary in the vertical plane during the tcst; butthe turn-table s slowly rotated around its vertical axis.

When the machine s testedaccording o secondnumeral 4, holes are drilled in the tube up to anangleof 90o rom vertical. The tube is oscil latedn both directionswith an angle180o rom vertical,th e duration of a singleoscil lat ionbeing4 s. The machine s not moved. The support or the machincunder test shall be grid-shaped, o avoid acting as a baffle.

Spray-nozzleequipmentThe test s carried out by splashing he machineby means

page 32, held in the hand.of the spray-nozzle hown n Figure 5,

In the caseof the secondcharacteristic umeral 3, the spray-nozzles equipped with a shieldprovided with a counterweight,so adjustedas o stop the streamsof water, which would lall under anangle greater than 60", from the vertical.In the caseof testing or the second haracteristic umeral4, the moving shield s removed.The number of holes n the spray-nozzle s l2l, the diameter of each being 0.5 mm. They arespreadevenlyover the front part of the spray-nozzle. (SeeFigure 5. )Th e test consists n splashing he machine ro m every direction, either with thc moving shieldfitted (degree P.3) or withor.rtt (degree P.4).


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Tol6rancessur lesangles + 5'sur lesdimensions- inf6rieures r 25 mm - 0,05- supdrieures 25 mm + 0,2

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Dimensions en millimdtresDimensions in millimet res

Frc. 1. - Doigt d'6preuve.Standard test-finser.

Mat i d re s o lan teI n s u l a t i n gm a t e r i a l

:t /-N-+r-+\zC y l i n d r i q u eC y l i n d r i c a l

Sph6r i queSpher i al

Toleranceson angleson linear dimensions- under 25 mm- over 25 mm

- 0.05+ 0. 2


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FenOtre itrrSeG lassw indow

C o m p t e u r d e d 6 b i tA i r f l ow meter

M a n o m d t r eP r e s s u r e g a u g e

P o m p e d v i d eV a c u u m p u m p

P o u d r e d e t a l cT a l c u m p o w d e rVib reu rV ib ra to r

P o m p e d e c i r c u l a t i o nC i r c u l a t i n g p u m p

Dimensions en millimit res Dimensiorrs in ntillimet res

Ftc. 2. - Appareil pour la v6rification de la protection contre la poussidre.Equipment to prove protection againstdust.

' / l ' - - - - -+- tt lr - - t - - - l - - - ' r

M a c h i n eu n d e r t e s tL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ J

T a m i sWire mesh


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Dintensiorts en millimit res

Note.- Le supportdoit tre plus petit queThe supportmust be smaller han

- 3 0 -

la machine en essaithe machine under test.

3. - Appareil pour la vdrification de la protectionEquipment to prove protection againstdrops

Couches e sable t de grav ier our169ular iser'6cou-lement de I 'eau, ces couches6tant s6par6esparun trei l l ism6tal l ique t du papierbuvardLayersof sand an d gravel o regulate lo w of water,these layers being separated y metal l ic auzeandblott ing paper

Dimensiotts in mill imet res

contre esgouttesd'eau.of water.

IM a c h i n e e n e s s a iM a c h i n eu n d e r e s tI

I


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Diamdtredes t rous 0,4Diameterof holes 0.4

Dimensionsen millimCt es Dimensions in millimetres

Secondchiffre caract6ristique | . 4SecondcharacteristicnumeralAngle d'oscillationOscillation angle aDemi-angle du secteurportantles rous aHalf-angle within wich holes Yare drilled

180'

90"

FIc. 4. - Appareil pour la v6rification de la protection contre I'eau tombant en pluieet contre es projectionsd'eau.Equipment to prove protection against sprayingand splashing *'ater.


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Tuyau lexibleHose

MasqueMov ing h ie l d

Dimensions en millimit res

Pomme 'a r roso i rSpray nozzle T-ManomdtrePressure auge Robinet 'ar rd tCock,t ,,vv

Vu e dans la d i r ec t i on A (mas que en lev 6)V iewed ac c ord ing to ar row A (w i t h s h ie l d remov ed)Dimensions in millimetres

Pomme d'arrosoir - LaitonSpray nozzle - Brass

0. 5iamdtreD iamete r

MasqueMoving shield - Aluminium

Flc. 5. _- Appareil pour la v6rification de la protection contre l'eau tombant en pluieet contre les projectionsd'eau.Equipment to prove protection against sprayingand splashingwater.

chines part 5 degrees of protection by enclosures for rotating machinery_spln 34e_1980

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