china: (crsa report presented by mr. keigo komuro, ja1kab)
TRANSCRIPT
China Amateur Radio Disaster Communication Review
For GAREC-2009
CRSA, 2009/08, TokyoComposed by BA1RB, CRSA representative
in IARU R3 Disaster Communications Committee
Agenda
Brief Recall of the big disaster
Current situation
Next action
14:28 BJT, 12 May 2008, A magnitude-8.0 earthquake hit China’s Sichuan area.
Wenchuan City, Center of quakeWenchuan City, Center of quake 31d28.7’N 103d34.8’E31d28.7’N 103d34.8’E
Chengdu City, Capital of Suchuan Chengdu City, Capital of Suchuan ProvinceProvince 103 103 km from quake km from quake
centercenter
69,227 died and 374,643 injured in the disaster
80-90% of houses were
crashed.
Amateur radio operators help to provide emergency communication
Important actions immediately taken by amateur radio operators
Date Time Place Actions
2008.5.12 14:28 Chengdu City
The earthquake hits Sichuan, 2-3 minutes later, the amateur radio network turned to emergency communication status. Some part of the repeater system damaged but still working. 439.225MHz and 439.800MHz was used for emergency communication. BG8AAS, BG8AAK, BG8BX worked as network controller. The repeater covered 100Km radius.
2008.5.12 14:45 Chengdu City
Amateur radio operators used HF to communicated with other amateur radio operators outside Sichuan, gathering information from internet to locate the center of the earthquake area.
2008.5.12 Afternoon
Chengdu City
Xiang Yong, BG8CVE drove from Chengdu to the center of earthquake area immediately.Zhang Zhen, BG8DOU also reported, 2 amateur radio operators drove to center of earthquake area.
Important actions immediately taken by amateur radio operators (Cont.)
Date Time Place Actions
2008.5.12 Evening
Chengdu City
Liu Xu, BG8AAS reported to Sichuan radio administration bureau, setup “Sichuan amateur radio emergency communication network command center”. Pei Dan, BG8DG and He Chang, BG8BXcontrolled the network.
2008.5.12 Evening
Mianzhu City
The Hanwang town has no message sent out. BD8AAI, BG8BES led a team to help build the communication. At evening, more operators came, setup a repeater and give several handheld V/U transceivers there.
2008.5.12 Evening
Mianzhu City
Heavy rain. Amateur radio communication vehicle parked in front of government disaster relief center, The Mayor of Mianzhu used amateur radio equipment to communicate with vice Mayor and secretary, who was in front line.
Important actions immediately taken by amateur radio operators (Cont.)
Date Time Place Actions
2008.5.13 Chengdu City
The emergency repeater in Mianzhu city continuously provide communication for the Mayor, and report status.
2008.5.13 Mianzhu City
The repeater in Chengdu kept busy for traffic handling, guide to transport injured people. Another repeater was setup in Mianzhu, but finally retired because of short of gasoline.
After 2008.5.14
Sichuan The “Sichuan amateur radio emergency communication network command center” act as communication hub to connect local V/UHF network, and report status in HF band. The command center also coordinate the instructions for CRSA, CRCF etc. Amateur radio operators came from Chengdu, Beijing, Shenzhen, Zhengzhou and Nanjing etc. provided equipments and facilities to help build communication and transport goods, medicines and injured people.
IARU R3 Chairman Michael Owen VK3KI introduced Sichuan earthquake and Chinese amateur radio disaster communication in 2008 GAREC
Proposed by Bob, W6RGG, ARRL awarded the 2008 humanitarian award to CRSA member and Sichuan amateur radio operators
Bob Vallio, W6RGG, Director, Bob Vallio, W6RGG, Director, Pacific Division,ARRLPacific Division,ARRL
David Patton, NN1N, Award David Patton, NN1N, Award Manager, ARRLManager, ARRL
ARRL awarded 2008 International Humanitarian Award to CRSA
The amateur radio in Sichuan province are also awarded
CRSA held the 2009 annual member meeting in Sichuan to commemorate the big disaster
Agenda
Brief Recall of the big disaster
Current situation
Next action
China issued the “Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China” in 2007
The Law was issued in 30 Aug 2007 and effective from 1st Nov 2007. Table of Content Chapter 1 General provisions Chapter 2 Prevention and preparation Chapter 3 Monitor and alert Chapter 4 Emergency disposal and rescue Chapter 5 Relief and rebuild Chapter 6 Law responsibilities Chapter 7 Appendix
The emergency situation consist of Nature disaster, Accident, Public health disaster, Social security disaster.
Other emergency communication trends
International Telecommunication Union
Mobile public communication services
Professional Emcom network
Satellite communication network
Future system
ITU ITU (( International Telecommunication UnionInternational Telecommunication Union ))
ITU-TTelecommunication standardization of
network and service aspects
ITU-RRadiocommunicationstandardization and
global radio spectrum management
ITU-D
Assisting implementation and operation of
telecommunications in developing countries
191 Member States+700 Sector MembersITU
Helping the World Communicate
Disaster phases and Disaster phases and the radio services involvedthe radio services involved
Disaster prediction and detectionDisaster prediction and detection – – meteorological and Earth exploration meteorological and Earth exploration satellite servicessatellite services
Disaster alertingDisaster alerting – broadcasting, fixed, – broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite servicesmobile and related satellite services
Disaster reliefDisaster relief – Amateur, broadcasting, – Amateur, broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite servicesfixed, mobile and related satellite services
Status of studies – needs of future Status of studies – needs of future systemssystems
Report ITU-R MReport ITU-R M.2033.2033
““Radiocommunication objectives and Radiocommunication objectives and requirements for public protection and requirements for public protection and disaster relief (PPDR)”disaster relief (PPDR)”
Defines objectives and needs for the Defines objectives and needs for the implementation of future PPDR solutionsimplementation of future PPDR solutions
Focuses on operational needs around 2010Focuses on operational needs around 2010
Resolution 64Resolution 6466 (WRC- (WRC-0303))RecommendRecommends s use use of of regionally harmonized bandsregionally harmonized bands ::
Region 1Region 1: 380-470 MHz as the frequency range : 380-470 MHz as the frequency range within which the band 380‑385/390‑395 MHz is a within which the band 380‑385/390‑395 MHz is a preferred core harmonized band for permanent preferred core harmonized band for permanent public protection activities within certain public protection activities within certain countries of Region 1;countries of Region 1;
Region 2Region 2: 746-806 MHz, 806-869 MHz, 4 940-: 746-806 MHz, 806-869 MHz, 4 940-4 990 MHz;4 990 MHz;
Region 3Region 3: 406.1-430 MHz, 440-470 MHz, 806-: 406.1-430 MHz, 440-470 MHz, 806-824/851-869 MHz, 4 940‑4 990 MHz and 5 850-824/851-869 MHz, 4 940‑4 990 MHz and 5 850-5 925 MHz.5 925 MHz.
EEncouragencouragess administrations administrations to facilitate cross-to facilitate cross-border circulationborder circulation of radio equipment intended for of radio equipment intended for use in disaster relief situationsuse in disaster relief situations
Status of studies – Amateur Status of studies – Amateur involvementinvolvement
Recommendation ITU-R M.1042-Recommendation ITU-R M.1042-22
““Disaster communications in the amateur Disaster communications in the amateur and amateur-satellite services”and amateur-satellite services”
Encourages the development of robust, Encourages the development of robust, flexible and independent amateur service flexible and independent amateur service and amateur-satellite service networks, and amateur-satellite service networks, capable of providing communications capable of providing communications during disasters and relief operationsduring disasters and relief operations
Public Mobile communication network emergency communication solution
Contingency Plan
Contingency base station
Super base station
Group business
News broadcasting
Space-Ground integration
Satellite emergency communication network
Space – Ground integration mobile network
LEO constellation(Orbcomm……)
New developing / Future Technologies
AVCS(Aerial Vehicles Comm Sys)
HALO-Proteus ( US )
New developing / Future Technologies(Cont.)
HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station)
HAPS
StratSat ( UK ) Stratpspheric PL. ( JP )Sky Station ( US )
Capanina ( EU ) SkyTower ( US ) Heliplat ( I )
The position of amateur radio emergency communication in disaster relief
1 , Part of the disaster relief system;
2 , A supplemental of national emergency communication;
3 , The prerequisite to function well:
Available Non-Governmental communication resources
Popularizing communication technology
The amateur spirit
4 , The most valuable things can provide:
In very short time to report disaster situation
In very short time provide self relief communication
Agenda
Brief Recall of the big disaster
Current situation
Next action
Action 1 – make amateur radio activity popular
This is the basic factor that amateur radio operators can serve for disaster relief.
In the Sichuan earthquake there was a hamradio operator (Mr. Tian, BG8FA) in Hanwang town – one of the center area – his equipments was entirely damaged – fortunately, his family were all survived in the big disaster.
Mr. Tian, BG8FA lived in the ground floor of this building, his equipment was entirely damaged by the big earthquake
内容
Action 2 – Setup practice standard for amateur radio emergency operation
Enhance CRSA emergency communication exercises.Setup operation standard for emergency communication, Jiangsu province has the first stepCorporate with government and social disaster relief forces.International experience sharing.
CRSA participated all SET proposed by IARU R1Actively involve in GAREC meeting
Practice on standard emergency communication frequencies
Action 3 – Focus on normal preparation
Basic communication skills educationEnhance corporation with government disaster relief departmentLocal communication self training Building VHF/UHF emergency networking skillsResearch amateur radio emergency repeater technologyResearch amateur radio direction finding rescue technology
Action 4 – Develop technologies and solve problems
200Km stable communicationSolve skip problemStable reporting to command centerDigital signal alertWeak signal / Low power communication
200Km stable communication
With “Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China”, when disaster occurs, the situation should report to provincial center which normally about 100-200Km far away
Develop VHF/UHF repeater system to cover these areas in east developed region.
By using HF, need high angle radiation antenna while to consider HF absorb by D and E layer.
Loop antenna and high angle antenna
Solve skip problem
Relayed by remote station, the 100-200Km station can use HF to communicate
Solve skip problem (Cont.)
Stable reporting to command center
By setup about 5 stations national wide, and link them by VOIP technology such as Echo Link, the command center can easily communicate to the stations in the disaster center.
Stable reporting to command center(Cont.)
XCVR PC
XCVR PC
XCVR PC
XCVRPC
XCVR
ServerPC
Internet
Station X
Station 3
Station 1
Station 2
System admin
Listener
Stations in disaster center
Sound card
Link to internetInterface
PC
XCVR Control
( Audio )
System admin
Digital signal alert
The digital signal such as RTTY or PSK can transmit characters (including Chinese double byte characters), make the message less distortion.
To setup national wide monitoring system under certain protocol, the digital HF/VHF alert system even can be observed from internet!
Digital signal alert(Cont.)
The Warbler 80m PSK transceiver. BA5AG has modified the schematic diagram to easily fit in China.
Digital signal alert(Cont.)
The KN-Q8 made by BA6BF. It is a very small yet full function rig for 40-20m, convenient for field use.
Digital signal alert(Cont.)
By using pocketDigi, integrate with KN-Q8, it’s easy to transmit Chinese Characters by using PSK31.
Weak signal / Low power communication
Given the power limit and antenna status, low power stations should be took into consideration. Weak signal processing is of vital importance in disaster communication. JT65/FSK144/QRSS technology are worth to apply in this area.
Weak signal / Low power communication(Cont.)
We gain the experiences from LF and EME practices
Spectogram Spectran I2PHD IK2CZL EasyGram OK1FIG
Argo I2PHD IK2CZL Spectrum Lab DL4YHF Crunch VE2IQ
QRS ON7YD Jason I2PHD WOLF/GUI KK7KA DL4YHF
谢谢各位!Thanks
Produced by CRSA