china and its neighbors
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China and Its Neighbors . Explain how the geography and climate of the region have affected the lives of the Chinese's and its neighbors . Vocabulary . Loess - dust like material found in soil. Staple Crop – the most important crop produced in a region - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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China and Its Neighbors
Explain how the geography and climate of the region have affected the lives of
the Chinese's and its neighbors
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Vocabulary • Loess - dust like material found in soil.
• Staple Crop – the most important crop produced in a region
• One-Child Policy – China’s family planning policy: under this law married couples are only allowed to have one child
• Single State Policy – country in which one political party controls the government
• Illiterate – not knowing how to read
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Landforms Gobi Desert
• Located in Southern Mongolia and Northern China
• Winds carry dust and soil, called loess, from the Gobi. Loess can pile up to about 10 feet
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Landforms
Tibetan Plateau• Highest and largest
plateau in the world
• The two main rivers in China start in the plateau
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Landforms
• The rivers in China must supply drinking water for 1/3 of the world’s population
• The Chang River is also called the Yangtze
• The Hung also called the Yellow River carries the rich loess soil from the Gobi
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Landforms North China Plain• The land is flat because the
Huang River has flooded in this area for many years
• When the river floods it deposits the rich Loess
• This area is home to many farms
• Due to the farms and flat land, this area has a high population
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Climates and Land Use
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Climate and Land Use
The South East has a humid subtropical climate– They grow crops that need a
lot of water
– They grow tea and their staple crop rice
– Taiwan grows sugar and bananas
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Climate and Land Use • Overall the central part of
the region has continental climate– This region is has warm
summers and cold winters
– Location of the North China Plain
– Wheat is the staple crop and people eat bread dumplings, and noodles made of wheat flour
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Climate and Land Use
• The western part of China is Arid – Too dry to grow crops
– People are nomadic herders
– Move with animals to find water and grassland
– The children learn to become skilled horsemen and riders like American Cowboys
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Where do you think most people in China live and why?
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Populations
• China has the world’s largest population
• They have limited land resources
• Only 15% of the land is arable, which can be used for crops
• Many people are moving from the farms into the cities to find work
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Population
• East China has a very high population density – Arable land for growing rice– Most people live in rural
areas in China, unlike the US– Many opportunities in
coastal cities to find work in factories and construction sites
– Shanghai is the largest city with a population of 16 million
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Population • In the late 1970’s the
government started a one-child policy – Married couples could only
have one child – If you had more than one
you could be punished – Families will send their
sons to school before they send their daughters
– More women are illiterate – Exceptions were made for
farmers
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Population
• Mongolia is landlocked country with a smaller population
• Most of Mongolia's population is made up nomadic herders– cities grow or shrink
depending on the weather
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Ethnic Diversity • China is made up of 50
ethnic groups
• 92% of the people belong to the Han ethnic group and live in the east
• Each group has their own language, traditions, clothing, holidays, and religions
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Ethnic Diversity
• The Han built the first kingdoms and would conquered new lands
• Today the one child policy only applies to the Han
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Government – Mongolia
• 1989 the government reformed – Free elections – People elected leaders – Parliament makes the
laws – Constitution protects
religious freedoms and freedoms of the press
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Economy – Mongolia • Moved to a Market Economy
after the fall of the Soviet Union
• They are landlocked and have need to transport goods by trains and trucks
• They have been exporting minerals
• Economy is growing but many people are still poor
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Government – Taiwan
• In 1989 the government moved away from a single party system – Open elections – Freedom of religion and
press
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Economy – Taiwan
• Taiwan has a strong economy and is called the Asian Tiger – People worked for a low
wage, and Taiwan was able to sell goods at a low price
– As more money came in, wages went up along with the price of goods
– Economy continued to grow because they improved education
– Now able to make advanced products (technology, chemicals, medicines and electronics )
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Government – China • Single party state
controlled by the Chinese Communist Party
• The government restricts the number of churches and religious groups.
• China does not have freedom of press– Web sites are blocked
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Government – China
• People can only live where they are registered, which is their birthplace
• They limit new registrations in cities
• If you work in a city with registration you cannot receive healthcare and other services
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Government – China
• In 1989 10,000 people protested in Tiananmen Square in Beijing – They wanted more freedoms
from their government – The people refused to leave
so the government sent tanks and troops
– Thousands were killed and wounded
– Government refused to make any changes
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Economy – China
• The Government controlled the Economy
• In the 1970’s the Government let some farmers , farm on their own. They did not have to follow the Government plan
• Farm production increased
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Economy – China • After what happened with the
farms, China gave up the command economy
• Trade is important to China, but wages have not increased
• Many foreign companies have built factories along China’s coast line
• China has one of the largest Economies in the world and many goods are sold in the US
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Economy – China
• Factories are located on the Southern and Eastern Coast and produce 60% of nations output.
• Areas in the West and Central China are not developing as fast as the East due to transportation issues
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Economy – China
• Women do not have equal education and employment rights
• Local Governments and people in the west and central parts of China struggle to pay for schools
– They have a lower literacy rate and lower life expectancy rates
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Environmental Challenges
• China suffers from air pollution due to cars, buses and coal burning power plants
• Water pollution is caused by factories and farms dumping wastes into rivers
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Environmental Challenges
• People in west need water because of their dry environment
• Factories, families, and people compete for water
• The Huang river has dried up before reaching the sea
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Environmental Challenges • China has limits on pollution
, but they are afraid if they punish factories people would lose their jobs
• China is looking towards hydroelectricity instead of burning coal and oil
• Building the dams can be expensive and disruptive
• Three Gorges Dam