china and imperialism on a piece of paper: what do you think is the cartoonist’s message? do you...
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CHINA AND IMPERIALISM
On a piece of paper:What do you think is the cartoonist’s message? Do you think he is pro or anti imperialism? Explain.
Differences from Africa
European countries did not create formal colonies in China
However, they exerted economic and military influence over the country.
Opium War
Great Britain wanted to end the unfavorable trade with China English buying more from China than China
buying from England Wanted to find something to sell to the
Chinese The solution: OPIUM! An addictive drug
Opium War
Chinese tried to end the opium trade Protested to trading co. &to government=
no results Arrested opium traders Destroyed chests of opium
British viewed this as a violation of free trade & attack on property rights
Sent fleet of ships to invade Chinese couldn’t defend themselves against
more advanced weapons
Treaty of Nanjing, 1842
Chinese forced to sign this “unequal treaty” after the Opium War Benefited Europeans at the expense of the
Chinese Required China to:
Open 5 more ports to trade Give England control of Hong Kong Grant Europeans extraterritorial rights Pay England money for starting the war
Taiping Rebellion
Taiping rebels were upset at government for allowing too much foreign influence
Wanted to enact reforms Abolish private property End practice of foot binding Create democratic institutions Allow free public education
Taiping Rebellion
Chinese government asked Western nations to come help put down rebellion Took them 14 years to end the rebellion
Rebellion led to: Massive starvation Disease 20-30 million deaths
What does the cartoon tell you about the United States’ reaction to the Europeans in China?
Open Door Policy
By 1899, US had become a world power The US did a lot of business with China
Didn’t want Europe to divide China up like they had with Africa
Sec. of State John Hay proposed the “Open Door Policy” All nations have equal trading rights with
China
Boxer Rebellion
Nationalist group called the “Righteous and Harmonious Fists” formed to drive out “foreign devils” Thought foreigners had humiliated their
country Westerners called them Boxers
Due to the exercises they did that they thought would make them immune to bullets
Boxer Rebellion
Boxers killed Chinese who supported Western ideas & attacked foreign embassies
An international force invaded China to end the rebellion
Results: China had to pay countries money China had to give countries privileges Weakened China
Becoming a Republic
Qing Dynasty began enacting reforms Most Chinese = “too little, too late”
People wanted: China to industrialize & a more responsive
government Rebellion broke out
Becoming a Republic
Forced the emperor to resign Declared China a republic based on
“Three Principles of the People” Free China from foreign control Establish a democracy Improve economy with socialism
Cartoon Title: “The Devilfish in Egyptian Waters”
Explain the cartoonist’s message. Do you think he was pro or anti imperialism? Why did England want to control Egypt?