childhood disorders
DESCRIPTION
Childhood Disorders. Lori Ridgeway PSYC 3560. Overview. Internalizing Externalizing Developmental/learning Feeding/eating Elimination. Internalizing Disorders. Separation Anxiety School Phobia Selective Mutism Reactive Attachment “___________” Disorders PTSD Depression GAD. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Childhood DisordersChildhood DisordersChildhood DisordersChildhood Disorders
Lori RidgewayLori Ridgeway
PSYC 3560PSYC 3560
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Overview• Internalizing
• Externalizing
• Developmental/learning
• Feeding/eating
• Elimination
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Internalizing Disorders• Separation Anxiety• School Phobia• Selective Mutism• Reactive Attachment• “___________” Disorders
– PTSD– Depression– GAD
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Separation Anxiety Disorder
• Anxiety about separating from home/family– Distress– Worry– Avoidance– _______________– Physical complaints
• 4 weeks• Before 18 years
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Issues with SAD• Comorbidity - other anxiety disorders• Cultural values of _______________• Prevalence = 4%• Late onset uncommon• Biology
– First degree relatives– Parents with panic disorder
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School Phobia
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Selective Mutism• Failure to ___________
• At least 1 month
• Exclusions:– Language– Communication disorders
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Issues with Selective Mutism
• Related features– Social anxiety– Oppositional behavior
• Prevalence = <1%• More common in ___________• Typical onset before 5• Chronic anxiety
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Reactive Attachment Disorder
• Disturbed social relatedness
• Before ___________
• Pathological care
• Inhibited vs. disinhibited types
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Issues with RAD• ___________ and institutional care• Comorbidity
– Developmental delays– Feeding disorders
• Physical complications• Very uncommon• Prolonged neglect
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Treatment for Internalizing Disorders
• Behavioral & cognitive behavioral– ___________ & ___________– Gradual exposure– Relaxation– Reinforcement– Parent training/parent management– Cognitive approaches with older children
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“___________” Disorders• Symptom presentation
• PTSD
• ODD
• Mood disorders
• Phobias and panic
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Developmental & Learning Disorders
• Autistic Disorder
• ___________
• LD
• Mental Retardation
• Tic Disorders
• Communication & Motor Disorders
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Autism• Impaired __________________
• Impaired communication
• Repetitive/stereotyped patterns
• Onset prior to age 3
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Related Features with Autism
• Mental retardation• Weaker ___________ skills• Hyperlexia / “prodigies”• Behavioral difficulties• Self-injurious behavior (SIB)• Sensory abnormalities• Affective abnormalities• Feeding disorders
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Issues with Autism• Prevalence = 5 in 10,000
• 3-4 times higher in ___________
• Females more severe MR
• Continuous course
• Differences in Sx’s over time
• Best predictors language & IQ
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Biology and Autism• Increased risk in siblings (5%)• ____________________ twins 36%-91%• Risk for developmental problems• Consistent prevalence across cultures• Specific genetic disorders• Pre- and perinatal complications• Brain abnormalities
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Asperger’s• ___________ spectrum disorder• Impaired social interaction• Repetitive/stereotyped patterns• Normal language and cognitive
development• Continuous course• Increased risk in family members
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Treatment for Autistic Spectrum Disorders
• Behavioral model– Intensive ___________ training– Manding– Social skills training
• Controversial treatments– Diet– Sensory therapies– Communication boards
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Learning Disabilities• Significant disparity between
___________ and ___________
• IQ higher than achievement
• Reading
• Mathematics
• Written expression
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Issues with LD• Prevalence = 2-10%
• 40% ___________ school
• Comorbidity externalizing and internalizing disorders
• Problem cutoff for significance
• Problem cultural sensitivity
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Mental Retardation• Significantly ___________
• Significant impairment in adaptive functioning
• Onset prior to age 18
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Severity of MR• Mild = IQ of 50-55 to 70
– _____% of those with MR
• Moderate = IQ of 35-40 to 50-55– 10% of those with MR
• Severe = IQ of 20-25 to 35-40– 3-4% of those with MR
• Profound = IQ below 20-25– 1-2% of those with MR
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Etiology of MR• 30-40% no clear cause
• Heredity and genetic disorders
• Environmental ___________
• Developmental disorders
• Pre- and perinatal complications
• Medical complications
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Issues with MR• Prevalence = 1%
• Cultural sensitivity in testing
• Slightly more common in males
• SES factors
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Tic Disorders• ___________ disorder
• Chronic motor tic disorder
• Chronic vocal tic disorder
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Feeding & Eating Disorders
• ___________
• Rumination
• Anorexia
• Bulimia
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Elimination Disorders• Enuresis
• Encopresis