Chicago, Illinois, USA 24 – 26 October

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INTER-UNIVERSITY SEMINAR ON ARMED FORCES AND SOCEITY

Department of Sociology Art-Sociology Building University of Maryland

College Park, Maryland 20742-1315

USA Phone: 301.405.6013 Fax: 301.314.1314 IUS@socy.umd.edu www.iusafs.org

BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

24-26 October 2003 The Palmer House Hilton Hotel

Chicago, Illinois

USA

Conference Committee:

Sandra Carson Stanley, Towson University, Chair Dean Schloyer, Northwestern University

Eviathar H. Ben-Zedeff, International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism

William D. Boltz, World Conference on Religion and Peace Elizabeth Coughlan, Salem State College

Michael A. Del Rossi, Battelle Memorial Institute E.L. Doc Hunter, University of Maryland College Park Darlene Iskra, University of Maryland College Park

Rachel Jablon, University of Maryland College Park Ryan Kelty, University of Maryland College Park Jean A. Mansavage, US Department of Defense

Brenda Moore, University of Buffalo Mady Wechsler Segal, University of Maryland College Park

Robert A. Vitas, Eastman Kodak, Inc.

Conference Manager:

E.L. Doc Hunter, University of Maryland College Park

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INTER-UNIVERSITY SEMINAR ON ARMED FORCES AND SOCEITY

David R. Segal, Chair & President University of Maryland College Park

John Allen Williams, Executive Director Loyola University Chicago

Morris Janowitz, Founding Chair The University of Chicago

The Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society wishes to express its appreciation to the McCormick Tribune Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the University of Maryland, Loyola University Chicago, and

Texas State University for their support of the IUS’s activities.

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FRIDAY, 24 OCTOBER

12:00-1:00 pm

Cresthill 11

LUNCH: IUS COUNCIL & BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1:00-4:00 pm

Clark 5

MEETING OF THE IUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS & COUNCIL 4:00-7:00 pm

Registration Booth – 6th Floor

REGISTRATION 4:30-6:00 pm

Parlor H

ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY AT 30: A ROUNDTABLE OF

EDITORS Chair: Patricia M. Shields, Texas State University

Editor, Armed Forces & Society

Panelists: David R. Segal, University of Maryland College Park

Claude Welch, Jr., State University of New York at Buffalo Jay Stanley, Towson University James Burk, Texas A&M University Mark Eitelberg, Naval Postgraduate School Christopher Dandeker, King’s College, London

6:00-7:00 pm

State Ballroom

RECEPTION 7:00-9:00 pm

Red Lacquer Room

BANQUET Introduction: John Allen Williams, Loyola University Chicago,

IUS Executive Director; Chair and President-Elect

Speaker: David R. Segal, IUS Chair and President,

University of Maryland College Park

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SATURDAY, 25 OCTOBER

8:00-11:00 am

Registration Booth – 6th Floor

REGISTRATION

8:30-10:00 am

Parlor A

VETERANS AND SOCIETY IN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Chair: Christopher Dandeker, King’s College, London

Discussant: David Mason, University of Plymouth

Papers:

Christopher Dandeker, Amy Iversen, and John Ross, King’s College, London, “What Do Veterans Need and What Do They Receive? Improving Cross-Departmental Delivery Services to UK Veterans” Franklin C. Pinch, Canadian Forces Leadership Institute, “A

Preliminary Review of Recent Changes in Definition and Benefits for Military Veterans in Canada” Gielt Algra, Martin Elands, Jan Schoeman, and Joanne Mouthaan, Veterans Institute of the Netherlands, “Meeting the Needs of Veterans in the Netherlands”

Robert Stastny, Czech Ministry of Defense, “The Provision of Services to Czech Veterans” Jere Cohen, University of Maryland Baltimore County, and Mady W. Segal, University of Maryland College Park, “Veterans, Vietnam, and Marital Dissolution”

Parlor H

LEAVE NO MAN BEHIND Chair: Anna Simons, Naval Postgraduate School

Presenter: Robert Goldich, Congressional Research Service

Papers: Sean Cleveland, US Military Academy, “Desert Justice”

Elizabeth D. Samet, US Military Academy, “Unburied and Unwept” Anna Simons, Naval Postgraduate School, “Leave Them – and Weep”

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Parlor B

THE ROLE OF SOCIOLOGY IN MILITARY OFFICER

EDUCATION Chair: David R. Segal, University of Maryland College Park

Presenter: Morten G. Ender, United States Military Academy

Papers: Bernard Boene, ESM de Saint-Cyr, “Teaching Sociology at Saint-Cyr,

1983-2002 and Beyond: A Personal Account” Georges Kaffees, Hellenic Army Academy, “1961-2001: Forty Years of Sociology in the Hellenic Army Academy: Review of an Effort” Hitoshi Kawano, Japan National Defense Academy, “The Expanding

Role of Sociology at the Japan National Defense Academy” Igor V. Obraztsov, Russian Military Academy of the General Staff, “Teaching Sociology in Military Educational Institutions of Russia” Richard T. Cooney, Jr., and Gina D. Swanson, United States Air

Force Academy, “Sociology at the US Air Force Academy” Stephen C. Trainor and Darlene Iskra, University of Maryland College Park, “Leaders and/or Technicians: The Limited History, Yet Promising, Future of Sociology at the United States Naval Academy” Lindy Heinecken and Deon Visser, South African Military Academy,

“The South African Military Academy: Social Science, But No Sociology” Franklin C. Pinch, Canadian Forces Leadership Institute, “Sociology and Canadian Military Education: A Struggle for Continuity and Commitment”

Joseph Soeters and Rene Moelker, Royal Netherlands Military Academy, “Van Doorn and Beyond: The Role of Military Sociology in Modern Academic Training” Morten G. Ender and Thomas A. Kolditz, United States Military Academy, “Sociology at West Point and Beyond: 1963-2001”

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Parlor G

CIVIL-MILITARY ISSUES: TRANSNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: Michel Martin, University of Toulouse

Presenter: Peter Kasurak, Office of the Auditor General of Canada

Papers: Paul Vasquez, University of Notre Dame, “Conscription, Regime Type,

and International Conflict Behavior” Kathleen A. Mahoney-Norris, Air Command and Staff College, “The Airman and the State: Airpower and Civil-Military Relations” Rebecca L. Schiff, Harvard University, “The Federalist Papers: Insight Into Civil-Military Relations Theory and Practice”

Christopher Ankersen, London School of Economics and Political Science, “It’s Fine in Practice, But What Does it Look Like on Paper? The Reasons and Functions of Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC)” Yann Braem, University of Paris VIII, “The French Military and NGOs:

Recent Trends in CIMIC Construction”

Parlor F

THE EUROPEAN ARMED FORCES IN TRANSITION Chairs: Karl W. Haltiner, Swiss Military Academy

Paul Klein, SOWI (Bundeswehr Institute of Social Research)

Discussant: Franz Kernic

Papers: Karl W. Haltiner, Swiss Military Academy, and Paul Klein, SOWI

(Bundeswehr Institute of Social Research), “The European Armed Forces in Transition – An Overview” Philippe Manigart, Royal Military Academy of Belgium, “European Armed Forces in Transition: The Case of Belgium” Sven Gareis and Ulrich vom Hagen, SOWI (Bundeswehr Institute for Social Research), “The Difficult Praxis of Military

Multinationality: A Case Study on the Multinational Corps Northeast in Szczecin” Paul Venesson, “Military Transition in France” Rene Moelker, “Military Transition in the Netherlands” Ljubica Jelusic, University of Ljubljana, “Military Reforms in Slovenia”

10:00-10:30 am

Pool Promenade

COFFEE

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10:30 am – 12:00 pm

Parlor A

THE POSTMODERN MILITARY RECONSIDERED Chair: E.L. Doc Hunter,

University of Maryland College Park Presenter: Robert A. Rubinstein, Syracuse University

Papers: Ionel Nicu Sava, Bucharest University, “The Postmodern Paradigm Revisited: The Case of East European Militaries” Ryan Kelty, University of Maryland College Park, “The Applicability

of the Postmodern Military Paradigm to Non-Western Nations: The Case of Kenya” Alex Bierman, University of Maryland College Park, “The Inapplicability of the Post-Modern Military Model to Non- Western, Post-Colonial Societies: The Case of Sudan”

Todd Woodruff, United States Military Academy, “The Modern, Late-Modern, and Postmodern Military Models Reconceptualized and its Application to the Analysis of the Indian Armed Forces” Yuko Kurashina, University of Maryland College Park, “From Hyper-

Constabulary to Constabulary Military: Application of the Postmodern Military Thesis to Japan” Michael Danza, University of Maryland College Park, “Revising the Postmodern Military Model: The Republic of Colombia”

Parlor F

PEACEKEEPING I Chair: Laura Miller, RAND Corporation

Presenter: Margaret Daly Hayes, National Defense University

Papers:

Thomas R. Mockaitis, DePaul University, “CIMIC in Peace Operations: Best Practices and Common Mistakes” Janine Davidson, University of South Carolina, “Giving Peacekeeping a Chance: Civil-Military Tensions in Operations Other Than

War” Irene E. van der Kloet, Joseph Soeters, Karin Sanders, and Wijbrandt van Schuur, Royal Netherlands Military Academy, “Development of Trust Among RNLA Soldiers in Two Peacekeeping Missions”

Deborah Heifetz-Yahav, Tel Aviv University, “Israeli-Palestinian Non- Mediated Peacekeeping – A Challenge to Hegemonic Masculinities”

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Parlor B

THE MAN ON HORSEBACK: THE SOLDIER IN POLITICS Chair: Douglas W. Kraft, US Department of State

Presenter: Andrew Cottey, University College Cork, Ireland

Papers: Godfrey Obetoh, Ambrose Alli University, “The Return of the Generals:

The Role of the Military in Transition and Democratization Processes in Nigeria” Brian R. Selmeski, Syracuse University and Royal Military College of Canada, “Men of Character: Popular Culture and Military Officers’ Return to Politics in Ecuador”

Boubacar N’Diaye, The College of Wooster, “Not a Miracle After All: Cote d’Ivoire’s Downfall – Flawed Civil-Military Relations and Missed Opportunities” Ozkan Duman, Bilkent University, Ankara, and Dimitris Tsarouhas, University of Sheffield, “‘Civilianization’ in Greece vs. ‘Demilitarization’ in Turkey: A Comparative Study of Civil-

Military Relations and the Impact of EU Conditionalities” Zlatko Isakovic, Megatrend University of Applied Sciences, Belgrade, “The Non-Military Role of NATO in Central and Eastern Europe” Vassilios Damiras, Loyola University Chicago, “The Greek Military

Dogma 1974-2003: Reality or Utopia”

Parlor G

FAMILY AND THE FORCE Chair: Leena Parmar, Rajasthan University

Presenter: Todd Woodruff, United States Military Academy

Papers: Rachel Noble Lipari, University of Maryland College Park, “The

Financial Wellbeing of Military Members and Their Families” Pamela M. Klein, “Military Marriages: An Analysis of Marital Satisfaction” Charles Dupuy, Center for Human Relations, Armees, France, “Work Time and Military Specificity”

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Parlor H

THE CHANGING NATURE OF COUNTER-TERRORISM:

THE BLURRING OF MILITARY AND POLICE ROLES Chair and

Discussant: Franklin Mark Osanka

Papers:

Jeff Bolander, University of Virginia, “The Forgotten Front: Applications and Implications of the War on Terrorism in the Philippines” Jim Holzmann, Union Institute and University, “Do Positive Lessons

From the Vietnam War Such as the US Marine Corps Civil- Military Combined Action Program Have Application in Modern Conflicts Such as the Counter-Terrorism Efforts in Afghanistan?”

12:00-2:00 pm

Red Lacquer Room

BUFFET LUNCHEON Introduction of Incoming IUS Chair & President:

Sam C. Sarkesian, Loyola University Chicago, IUS Chair & President 1981-1987

Remarks: John Allen Williams, Loyola University Chicago,

IUS Chair & President

2:00-3:30 pm

Parlor A

THE TRANSFORMATION OF CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN

POSTCOMMUNIST EUROPE: PATTERNS AND TRENDS Chair: Robert E. Connor, Triton College

Presenter: John Allen Williams, Loyola University Chicago

Papers:

Andrew Cottey, University College Cork, Ireland, “Democracy and the Military in Postcommunist Europe” Anthony Forster, University of Bristol, “Professionalization of the Military in Postcommunist Europe”

Timothy Edmunds, University of Bristol, “The Military and Society in Postcommunist Europe” Elizabeth Hebert, Loyola University Chicago, “Applying Military Intervention Theory to Post-Communist Transitions: USSR, Poland, and Romania”

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Parlor B

REDEFINING LEADERSHIP AND THE MILITARY PROFESSION

IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY:

CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES Chair: Franklin C. Pinch,

Canadian Forces Leadership Institute

Presenter: Rick Linden, University of Manitoba

Papers: Alan Okros and Karol Wenek, Royal Military College of Canada, “Emergent Models of Military Leadership and Professionalism

in Canada” Gwyn Harries-Jenkins, University of Hull, “The Profession of Arms: Reality or Myth?” Don Snider and Jeffery Peterson, US Military Academy, “The Emergence of America’s Fourth Military Profession: The Joint

Profession” Richard A. Lacquement, Jr., US Naval War College, “Army Professional Expertise in Post-Conflict Transition”

Parlor F

A DIVERSE FORCE

Chair: Paul Gade, US Army Research Institute

Presenter: Juanita Firestone, University of Texas at San Antonio

Papers:

Grazia Scoppio, Canadian Defense Academy, “Cultural and Ethnic Diversity in the Military: The Canadian Forces as a Case Study” George E. Reed, US Army War College, “The Impact of Racial and Ethnic Extremism on the US Army”

Aaron Belkin, University of California at Santa Barbara, “Breaking Rank: Military Homophobia and the Production of Queer Practices and Identities” Paul Richard Higate, University of Bristol, “Will Boys Always Be Boys? Men, Masculinities, and Peacekeeping”

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Parlor G

THE EAGLE SOARS:

ISSUES IN AMERICAN SECURITY POLICY Chair: Jean A. Mansavage, US Department of Defense

Presenter: Peter Feaver, Duke University

Papers: Ian Roxborough, State University of New York at Stony Brook, “The Impact of New Technologies on Command and Control: The US Debate”

David L. Leal, University of Texas at Austin, “American Public Opinion Toward the Military: Differences by Race, Gender, and Class?” Juanita M. Firestone and Richard J. Harris, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Support and Opposition for Invading Iraq: Did the

President’s Speech Make a Difference?” Michael P. Noonan, Foreign Policy Research Institute, “The Forgotten Civil-Military Relations Dimension of US Defense Transformation?” Rogeloi Garcia-Contreras, University of Denver, “US Foreign Policy

and the Doctrine of Pre-Emptive Strikes: The Case of Iraq”

Parlor H

TERRORISM AND COUNTER-TERRORISM Chair: Jeff Bolander, University of Virginia

Presenter: Roger Hamburg, Indiana University South Bend

Papers: Greg Wilcox and Gary I. Wilson, “Military Response to Fourth

Generation Warfare in Afghanistan” Eviathar H. Ben-Zedeff, International Policy Institute for Counter- Terrorism, “Combating Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century: Comparing the USA and Israel” Eric Ouellet, Canadian Forces College, “The Canadian Army and

Asymmetric Warfare” Sharon A.R. Stanley, US Army War College, “Operational Art and the Incident Command System: Public Health’s Bridge in Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response” Anton Bebler, University of Ljubljana, “The War on Terrorism and

NATO” 3:30-4:00 pm

Pool Promenade

COFFEE

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4:00-5:30 pm

Parlor A

SHAPING AN ARMY’S CULTURE:

THE TRANSFORMATION OF CANADA’S ARMY Chair: Mike Capstick, National Defense Headquarters

Presenter: Kelly Farley, National Defense Headquarters

Papers:

Harry Bondy, National Defense Headquarters, "Toward a Postmodern Transformation of Military Culture: Selection, Personality Type and Culture in Anglo-Western Armies" Donna Winslow, The Free University of the Netherlands, “Regimental

Culture in the Canadian Forces” Danielle Charbonneau and Peter Bradley, Royal Military College of Canada, “Shaping an Army’s Culture: The Transformation of Canada’s Army”

Parlor F

PEACEKEEPING II Chair: Roger Hamburg, Indiana University South Bend

Discussant: Michael Del Rossi, Battelle Memorial Institute

Papers:

David Last, Royal Military College of Canada, Rick Linden, University of Manitoba, and Chris Murphy, Dalhousie University, “Peacekeeping and International Policing: The Political Framework”

Leena Parmar, Rajasthan University, “A Unique Learning Process: A Case Study of Indian Peacekeeping Troops in Eritrea” Laura Miller, RAND Corporation, “How Peacekeeping Prepared the Army for War” Walter E. Kretchik, Western Illinois University, “Armed for Peace:

Divergent National Attitudes Toward Force Protection Posture Under IFOR and SFOR in Bosnia, 1996-2001” Roy Thomas, Peace Support Operations Consulting, “Where Have the UNMOs Gone? The Changing Face of Peace Observation”

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Parlor B

MAKING THE GRADE POST-PRAGUE: NEW ALLIES, NEW

CAPABILITIES, AND EVOLVING CIVIL-MILITARY

RELATIONS IN EAST CENTRAL EUROPE Chair: Marybeth P. Ulrich, US Army War College

Presenter: Timothy Edmunds, University of Bristol

Papers: Paul Latawski, Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, “Polish Military Reform and the Prague Summit Agenda”

Marybeth P. Ulrich, US Army War College, “Can the New Allies Contribute? Assessing Defense Capacity and Defense Reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia” Laura Cleary, Cranfield University, “Realizing Bulgaria’s Potential: What Should We Expect?”

Parlor G

WOMEN IN THE FORCE Chair: Mady Wechsler Segal,

University of Maryland College Park

Presenter: Monika Drake, University of North Carolina

Papers:

Katia Sorin, Royal Military College of Canada, and Angela R. Febbraro, Defence R&D Canada, “Women in Combat Arms: The Case of Canada” Darlene Marie Iskra, University of Maryland College Park, “Women in Submarines: Have the Arguments About Expanding

Women’s Sea-Going Roles in the Navy Changed Over Time?” Carolyn C. James, Stephens College, “Navy Gender Integration in Canada and Australia” Monika Drake, University of North Carolina, “Ambivalence at the Academies: Attitudes Toward Women in the Military at the

Federal Service Academies” William J. Gregor, US Army School of Advanced Military Studies, “The Unbridgeable Physical Gap Between Military Men and Women”

13

Parlor H

CALCULATING CASUALTIES:

DEMOCRACY, RISKS AND RECRUITMENT Chair: Joseph Soeters, Royal Netherlands Military Academy

Presenter: Eyal Ben-Ari, Hebrew University, Jerusalem

Papers: Hugh Smith, Australian Defense College, “The Last Casualty: What Costs Can Democracies Bear?” Christopher Dandeker, King’s College London, “Civil-Military

Relations and Tolerance for Casualties” Jan van der Meulen, Society and Armed Forces Institute, The Hague, “Military Missions and the Impact of Public Opinion” Charles Moskos, Northwestern University, “Who is Willing to Die? The Social Demography of All-Volunteer Forces”

Philippe Manigart, Royal Military Academy of Belgium, “After Rwanda: Recruitment to the Belgian Armed Forces” Gerhard Kummel and Nina Leonhard, SOWI (Bundeswehr Institute for Social Research), “A German Sonderweg? The Issue of Casualties in Civil-Military Relations"

6:00-7:00 pm

Crystal Room

PRESIDENT’S RECEPTION

IN HONOR OF ALL FORMER IUS PRESIDENTS All Conference Participants are invited.

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The IUS Secretariat gratefully acknowledges the contributions and

assistance of the office staff of the Department of Sociology at the University

of Maryland College Park and of the many Conference Volunteers in

completing the work of the 2003 Biennial Conference.

SUNDAY, 26 OCTOBER 7:00-8:15 am

Red Lacquer Room

BREAKFAST BUFFET

7:00-8:30 am

Private Dining Room 18

BREAKFAST MEETING OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD,

ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY Chair: Patricia Shields, Texas State University, Editor

8:30-10:00 am

Parlor A

CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS: THE CIVIL-MILITARY

CULTURAL GAP IN A CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Chair: Giuseppe Caforio

Discussant: Karl Haltiner, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

Papers:

Lindy Heinecken and Castro Khwela, University of Stellenbosch, “South Africa: Tension as the Civil-Military Gap Widens” Marian Zulean, Romanian Ministry of Defense, “The Cultural Gap Between Security Forces and Civil Society in Romania” Sarah A. Hill and Franklin C. Pinch, Canadian Forces Leadership Institute, “Perceptions of Differences and Similarities

Between the Military and Civilian Cultures” 15

Ljubica Jelusic, University of Ljubljana, “Civil-Military Misunderstandings in Slovenia: How Deep is the Gap?” Sabine Collmer, Bundeswehr University Munich, and Gerhard Kuemmel, Bundeswehr Institute of Social Research, “The End

of the Honeymoon in Civil-Military Relations? The Bundeswehr and German Society in the Face of War” Carlos Navajas Zubeldia, University of LaRioja, “The Professionalization of the Spanish Armed Forces 2000-2003” Alise Weibull, National Defense College of Sweden, “Civil-Military Relations in Sweden”

Nilufer Narl, Marmara University, “Civil-Military Relations in Turkey” Jose A. Olmeda, UNED Madrid, “Civil-Military Relations in Spain”

Parlor B

THE STATUS OF US VETERANS AFFAIRS IN THE NEW

MILLENNIUM Chair: Paul R. Camacho,

University of Massachusetts Boston

Presenter: Wilbur J. Scott, University of Oklahoma

Papers:

Jim Hudson, Vet Solutions, Inc., “Veterans’ Procurement from the Small Business Owner’s Perspective: Agencies and Prime Contractors Performance Data” Rick Weidman, Vietnam Veterans of America, “Legislative Performance of the 107th Congress and the Outlook for the

108th” Anthony Campinell, US Department of Veterans Affairs, “The Future of the Compensated Work Therapy Program” Tom Hannon, Veterans’ Center Boston, “Veterans Affairs Vet Center Readjustment Counseling Services: Past, Present, and Future”

Tom Lyons, Massachusetts Finance Housing Agency, “A Regional Program to Advance Business Opportunities for Guards, Reservists, and Veterans” David L. Leal and Jeremy M. Teigen, University of Texas at Austin, “Veteran Status, Political Participation, and Cultural Attitudes:

Evidence from the 2002 Texas Post-Election Survey”

Parlor F

MILITARY PEOPLE AND PROFESSIONALISM Chair: Benjamin Muego, Bowling Green State University

Presenter: Uli vom Hagen,

SOWI (Bundeswehr Institute of Social Research)

Papers:

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James Burk and B. Mitchell Peck, Texas A&M University, “The Civic Virtue of Citizen-Soldiers” James H. Joyner, Brassey’s Publishing, “Huntington Revisited: The Obsolescence of the Officer-Enlisted Distinction”

Bengt Abrahamsson, National Defense College, Sweden, “Fighting Whom with What? Contemporary Challenges to Swedish Military Professionalism” Barbara Jankowski and Pascal Vennesson, French Ministry of Defense, “Officers’ Values and Civil-Military Relations in France”

John P. Hawkins, Brigham Young University, “‘They Must Think We Are Idiots at Battalion:’ Career Evaluation, Information Distortion, and Distrust in Peacetime Military Leadership”

Parlor G

THE WARRIOR: PSYCHOLOGICAL AND HUMAN ASPECTS Chair: Reuven Gal, Israeli National Security Council

Presenter: Kathleen Campbell, US Military Academy

Papers:

Charles M. Kirke, UK Army, “Navigating the Rules: An Aspect of British Army Unit Organizational Culture” Sheila R. Ronis, The University Group, Inc., “The Rest of the Spear: So What Does it Take for the Warfighter at the Tip to be Successful?”

Rafael J. Garcia, Jr., MSSI, “Identifying Post-Traumatic Stress Among Mujahedin Counter-Terrorism Assets: Adapting a Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Screening Instrument to the Operational Debriefing Process” Eyal Ben-Ari and Neta Bar, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Israeli Snipers in the Al-Aktsa Intifada: Killing, Discipline, and

Environment” Uzi Ben-Shalom, Bar Ilan University, Zeev Leer, Tel Aviv University, and Eyal Ben-Ari, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Is Cohesion Really Necessary During Operations? Observations from Israeli Combat Units During the Al-Aqsa Intifada”

Paul Bartone, US Military Academy, “Coping with Stress in War and Peace: The Leader’s Role”

Parlor H

MINORITY PARTICIPATION IN THE ARMED SERVICES:

THE CHALLENGE OF ETHNICITY IN THE TWENTY-

FIRST CENTURY

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Chair: David Mason, University of Plymouth

Presenter: Christopher Dandeker, King’s College London

Papers: David Mason, University of Plymouth, “Minority Ethnic Groups in

the UK Armed Services: Conditional Inclusion or Voluntary Exclusion?” Stephan E. Nikolov, Institute of Sociology, Sofia, Bulgaria, “The Ethnically ‘Other’ Soldier: A Comrade or a Foe?” Rudy Richardson and Joseph Soeters, Royal Netherlands Military

Academy, “Turkish-Dutch Soldiers in the Dutch Military: Indications of Adaptation Problems and Successful Intregration” Mohammed Ishaq, University of Paisley, UK, and Asifa Hussein, University of Glasgow, “The British Armed Forces and

Recruitment: A View from Ethnic Minority Communities”

10:00-10:30 am

Pool Promenade

COFFEE

10:30 am – 12:00 pm

Parlor A

RECENT CHANGES AFFECTING MILITARY PERSONNEL:

COMPARING NATIONAL TRENDS Chair &

Discussant: Bernard Boene, ESM de Saint-Cyr

Papers: Gerard Bonnardot, Ministry of Defense of France, "The Legal Status of Military Personnel in France: History and New Requirements" Michael Noone, The Catholic University of America, "A U.S.

Perspective on Recent Changes: Harmony or Cacophony ?” Andreas Prufert, European Organization of Military Associations, Brussels, "The Right of Association for Soldiers in Europe: Some Legal and Sociological Findings”

Parlor B

DEMOCRATIC CONTROL OF ARMED FORCES IN EUROPE:

HOW IT REALLY WORKS

Chair: Hans Born, Geneva Center for the Democratic

Control of Armed Forces Presenter: Karl Haltiner, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

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Papers: Bernard Boene, University of Saint-Cyr, “Two Studies in Post Cold War French Civil-Military Relations”

Marjan Malesic, University of Ljubljana, “Problems of Democratic Control of Armed Forces in Slovenia” Marie Vlachova, Geneva Center for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, “Civil-Military Relations & Defense Reform in the Czech Republic: No Walk Through a Rose Garden”

Parlor F

MILITARY EDUCATION AND SOCIALIZATION Chair and

Presenter: Alan Okros, Canadian Forces Leadership Institute

Papers:

Guntram Werther, Western International University, “Educating and Training Officers/Analysts for 21st Century Military Conflicts” Morton G. Ender, US Military Academy, David E. Rohall, University of New Hampshire, and Michael D. Matthews, US Military Academy, “Comparisons of Cadet and Civilian Attitudes

Toward Contemporary Social and Military Issues” F. Michael Perko, Loyola University Chicago, “Education, Socialization, and the Development of National Identity: The American Common School and Israel Defense Forces in Cross-National Perspective”

Ulrich vom Hagen, SOWI (Bundeswehr Institute for Social Research), “The Military as a Social Field: Introducing Bourdieu into Military Sociology”

Parlor G

ETHICS, LAW, AND ACTION Chair: Guy I. Seidman,

Radzyner School of Law, Herzliya, Israel

Presenter: Michael F. Noone, Catholic University of America

Papers:

Robert V. Barylski, University of South Florida, “Military, Political, and Ethical Competence: Standards for Evaluating Military Intervention” 19

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Paolo Tripodi, US Marine Corps University, “New Tasks for the Military: Should Military Ethics be Reconsidered to Comply With the Peacekeeper’s Role?” Guy I. Seidman, Radzyner School of Law, Herzliya, Israel,

“Conscientious Objectors in Israel: Old Dilemmas Revisited” Krista N. Nelson, Center for Defense Information, “Closing the Door: The Solidification of a Prohibitory US Policy on the International Criminal Court” Earl F. Martin, Texas Wesleyan University, “Separating US Service Members from the Bill of Rights”

Parlor H

INTEGRATING THE FORCE:

COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY Chair &

Discussant: James H. Joyner, Jr., Brassey’s Publishing

Papers:

Tom Leonard, MSSI, “Complexity, Non-Linear Thinking, and Intelligence Analysis” Erna Danielsson, National Defense College of Sweden, “The Swedish Armed Forces: Heading Towards a Network-Based Organization?” David W. Lamm, National War College, “Manning the Machine: The

US Army Personnel Replacement System, 1900-2000” Robert S. Rush, US Department of the Army, “The Individual Replacement System: Good, Bad or Indifferent? Army Replacement Policy, Cold War and Before”

12:00-3:00 pm

Parlor G

MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

RESEARCH COMMITTEE 01 and THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH GROUP ON MILITARY AND SOCIETY

(ERGOMAS)

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Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society Secretariat Offices

Department of Sociology, Art-Sociology Building University of Maryland

College Park, Maryland 20742-1315 USA

Phone: 301.405.6013 Fax: 301.314.1314 IUS@socy.umd.edu

www.iusafs.org