chemistry of life chapter 6. elements everything is made of elements an element is a substance that...
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Chemistry of LifeChapter 6
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Elements
• Everything is made of elements• An element is a substance that
can’t be broken down into simpler chemical substances
• Ex. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Calcium, Fluorine, Lithium, Gold
• (Elements are made out of atoms)
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Compounds
• Elements can bond together to form compounds
• A compound is a substance that is composed of two or more different elements that are chemically bond
• Examples:
• Water is H2O
• Salt is NaCl
• Glucose (sugar) is C6H12O6
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These are all the elements known in existence
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Different types of compounds:
• All compounds on this Earth are either classified as inorganic or organic.
• Inorganic Compounds do not contain carbon elements
• Organic Compounds contain carbon elements
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Importance of Carbon
• Carbon is used to distinguish between all compounds because it is so important to life: it’s the “backbone” of all living things
• Carbon has the ability to form many different types of bonds and shapes
• Carbon can bond to itself and other elements
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Inorganic Compounds
• Examples of inorganic compounds include water and salt
• Water is the most important inorganic compound to life
• We’ve studied the properties of water and its unique characteristics and how that relates to living things
• Salt’s chemical formula is NaCl (sodium chloride) so it’s also inorganic
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Organic Compounds are divided into 4 major classes:
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Lipids
• Nucleic Acids
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Major Elements of Human Body
• The majority of the human body and most living things is made up of just 4 basic elements:
• Carbon (C)• Hydrogen (H)• Oxygen (O)• Nitrogen (N)
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Food Sort Activity (Examples of Compounds)
Carbohydrates
Nucleic AcidLipids
Proteins
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Food Sort Activity (Examples of Compounds)
Carbohydrates (Sugars)
Nucleic AcidLipids (Fats, Waxes, Oils)
Proteins
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Food Labels Activity
• Your group will be given a food label (from food sort)
• Analyze the food label and identify the following:• What organic compounds are in this food?• What inorganic compounds are in this food?• Identify the calorie, fat, sodium, sugar, and
protein content.