Symbol F

Atomic number 9

Group, block 17, p

Period 2

Isotopes 18

Andre-Marie Ampere (1812).

Humphry Davy.

British chemist George Gore (1869).

French chemist Henri Moissan (1886) obtained it by the

electrolysis of potassium bifluoride (KHF2) dissolved in

liquid HF.

A very pale yellow-green, dangerously reactive gas.

Melting point : −219.67 °C

Boiling point : −188.11 °C

Ranks 24th in universal abundance.

13th in terrestrial abundance.

The food source with the most

fluorine in them are pickles.

• Grape juice.

• Spinach.

• Tomato products.

• Carrots.

• Orange juice.

• Seafood, tea, fluoridated drinking

water, soda, fish.

Reaction of fluorine with air:

2F2(g) + 2H2O(g) → O2(g) + 4HF(g)

Reaction of fluorine with water:

2F2(g) + 2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4HF(aq)

3F2(g) + 3H2O(l) → O3(g) + 6HF(aq)

Reaction of fluorine with acids:

2F2(g) + 2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4HF(aq)

3F2(g) + 3H2O(l) → O3(g) + 6HF(aq)

Reaction of fluorine with bases:

2F2(g) + 2OH-(aq) → OF2(g) + 2F-(aq) + H2O(l)

Mineralization of bones.

Formation of dental enamel.

The Fluorine and Calcium has strong affinity

between them and work together, mainly in the outer

parts of bones.

Prevents dental caries.

Help in development of tooth.

Protects the spleen.

Used in second world war.

Welding and for frosting glass.

Toothpaste and drinking water.

Fluorine is also used to make Teflon.

Fluorine is used to enhance rocket fuel.

Fluorine is used in refrigeration, air conditioning & insecticide.

Permissible Limit: According to WHO, 1.5 ppm is the permissible limit of fluorine in water.

Deficiency may cause tooth decay

Susceptibility to infection

Curvature of the spine.

Weak eyesight.

The increased intake of fluorine during pregnancy can harm

the fetal brain.

Can cause swelling in between the kidney tubules, dilation of

renal tubules and death of proximal and renal tubules.

High concentrations of hydrogen fluoride may damage your

stomach.

Can cause dental fluorosis which is characterized by failure of

tooth enamel to crystallize properly leading to defects

Fluorine is essential for the normal mineralization of

bones and the formation of dental enamel but it should

be taken in limited amount otherwise it is very harmful

for human beings in excess amount.