chemistry - chemical monitoring and management

7/21/2019 Chemistry - Chemical Monitoring and Management

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The Students Guide to HSC Chemistry

Chemistry - Chemical Monitoring

and Management1. Much of the work of chemists involves monitoring the reactants and

products of reactions and managing reaction conditions

Gather, process and present information from secondary sources aboutthe work of practising scientists identifying the ariety of chemicaloccupations and a speci!c chemical occupation for a more detailedstudy

"e prepared to list perhaps three di#erent occupations, elaborating on one$

%&amples of arious chemical occupations include

' (nalytical Chemist- (nalyses the content of substances, maintaining product

)uality$

' *uclear Chemist- +roduces and maintains radioisotopes

' ndustrial Chemist- +roduces industrial products such as ammonia, and

arious acids and bases$' orensic Chemist- Collects and analyses data for use as eidence in legal

proceedings$

The forensic chemist analyses data, usually from crime scenes, for the purpose of

aiding legal proceedings by introducing eidence$ The forensic chemist largely

works with the same tools as the analytical chemist, making use of processes

such as gas chromatography and spectroscopy$

.sing these processes, the forensic chemist would work alongside authorities,

identifying substances and matching /*( to incriminate or clear suspects$

outline the role of a chemist employed in a named industry or enterprise,

identifying the branch of chemistry undertaken by the chemist and e&plaining

a chemical principle that the chemist uses

The main aim of this dotpoint is to identify a real-life application of chemistry$ norder to simplify matters, the e&ample below draws upon concepts which will be

0icensed for free distribution under the G/0 1


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further e&plored in the ne&t topic$ .nderstanding these concepts later on will

spare you the e#ort of memorising another answer to address this dotpoint$

/o not be concerned if much of the Haber process makes no sense to you at thispoint$ t has only been used in this dotpoint as an e&ample, and will be dealt with

much more thoroughly in the ne&t topic$ t is only important at this point to beable to identify a role, the branch of chemistry, and a chemical principle that maybe used$

Chemist 2ohn Smith is a production chemist at a plant which produces ammonia

3*H45 through the Haber process$ The branch of chemistry he undertakes is

analytical chemistry, which inoles the analysis of the chemical contents of

substances and mi&tures$

( chemical principle that 2ohn will employ is that of solubility as he uses gas-

li)uid chromatography to identify the substances present as the gas is passed

oer a li)uid stationary phase$ f a high concentration of noble gases are present,

or the ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen is not roughly 164, e7ciency may be reduced$n addition, if carbon mono&ide or sulfur is present, the catalyst may be

poisoned, resulting in the need for it to be replaced$

identify the need for collaboration between chemists as they collect and

analyse data

Chemists need to collaborate because6

' %7ciency is increased, reducing the time taken, and thus the cost$

' Skills can amassed and shared between chemists$

' (s chemists grow increasingly specialised, collaboration is re)uired tocomplete a task that may re)uire special e&pertise in a ariety of areas$

describe an e&ample of a chemical reaction such as combustion, where

reactants form di#erent products under di#erent conditions and thus would

need monitoring

The combustion of butane is one e&ample of a reaction where the same reactants

in di#erent proportions and conditions can form di#erent products$

8 C9H1:3l5 ; 14 ?C


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Shown aboe, the complete combustion of butane results in ? moles of carbon

dio&ide, and 1: moles of water$ 14 moles of o&ygen are re)uired for this reaction

to occur$

C9H1:3l5 ; 9 4 C


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(dd Cl- untilprecipitation stops

*oprecipitation

indicates

a2!

ilter and add S


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"lue solution

indicatesCu2!3 add *H4 to erify colour5

f solution isbrown, add SC*

Bed solution

indicates(e3!Clear solution

indicates(e 2!

(dd additional "a8;to erify no precipitate

forms

+recipitationindicates

phosphate

(dd H*


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Source of %rror Solution

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km1@

km:

km?@

km@:

8::km

@::km

Thermosphere

Mesosphere

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Temperature 35

4:: :: E:: 18:: 1@::

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+ollutant Sources

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Curtis Moore Chemical Monitoring and Management

chemistry - chemical monitoring and management

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