chemistry 9.1-lipids-and-membrane-–-part-1
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 9 (part 1)
Lipids and Membranes
Lipid Subclasses
Fatty acids
Fatty acid nomenclature
C1C2
C3C4
C5C6
C7C8
C9C10
C11C12
C13C14
C15C16
C17C18
O
HO
C1C2
C3C4
C5C6
C7C8
C9C10
C11C12
C13C14
CH15
C16C17
C18O
HO
Common saturated fatty acids
common name IUPAC name melting point (Co)12:0 laurate dodeconoate 4414:0 myristate tetradeconoate 5216:0 palmitate hexadeconoate 6318:0 stearate octadeconoate 7020:0 arachidate eicosanoate 7522:0 behenate docosanoate 8124:0 lignocerate tetracosanate 84
Common unsaturated fatty acids
common name IUPAC namemelting
point(Co)
16:0 palmitate hexadeconoate 6316:1 9 palmitoleate cis-9-hexadeconoate -0.5
18:0 stearate octadeconoate 7018:1 9 oleate cis-9- octadeconoate 13
18:2 9,12 linoleate cis-9,12- octadeconoate -918:3 9,12,15 linolenate cis-9,12,15- octadeconoate -17
20:0 arachidate eicosanoate 75
20:4 5,8,11,14 arachindonate cis- 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate -49
Physical Properties of Fatty
acids
18:0 18:1 18:3
70o 13o -17o
Unusual fatty acids can function analogously to unsaturated fatty
acids
Phospholipids
Common membrane phospholipids
P
O
OO
O
H
CH2
HCH2C
O O
C C OO
R1 R2
P
O
OO
O
CH2
CH2
HCH2C
O O
C C OO
R1 R2
CH2
NH3
P
O
OO
O
CH2
CH2
HCH2C
O O
C C OO
R1 R2
CH2 COO
NH3
P
O
OO
O
CH2
CH2
HCH2C
O O
C C OO
R1 R2
CH2
NH3C CH3
CH3
Phophtidate Phophatidylethanolamine Phophatidylserine Phophatidylcholine
Enzymes used to Dissect Phospholipid Structure
P
O
OO
O
X
CH2
HCH2C
O O
C C OO
R1 R2
phospholipase D
phospholipase C
phospholipase A2phospholipase A1