chemical weed and b control - center for natural resource

B-1466 4-07

ChemiCal Weed and Brush Control

s u g g e s t i o n s f o r r a n g e l a n d

Chemical Weed and Brush ControlSuggestions for Rangeland

Allan McGinty, Jim Ansley, J. F. Cadenhead, Wayne Hamilton, Wayne C. Hanselka, Charles Hart and Darrell N. Ueckert*

This publication is intended to provide general suggestions for herbicide use to control brush and weeds on Texas rangelands and information on the levels of control expected. The information is presented in good faith, but no warranty, express or implied, is given. Weed and brush control results may vary tremendously if treatments are applied under less than optimum conditions. Users of this publication may find the “Expert System for Brush and Weed Control Technology Selection” (EXSEL)

helpful. EXSEL is a decision support expert system designed to recommend the best mechanical and chemical rangeland brush and weed control treatments in Texas. It also provides an analysis of prescription fire potential and will produce a preburn checklist. The user may select the desired plant-kill efficacy level, force the system to consider certain types of treatments or let the system choose the best alternative. EXSEL can be accessed for free at (http://cnrit.tamu.edu/rsg/exsel).

Tommy Welch is former Associate Department Head, Professor and Extension Program Leader for Rangeland Ecology and Management. He was the original author of this publication. After his retirement in 1995, the Herbicide Use Committee,

Rangeland Ecology and Management (members listed above), began updating and maintaining this publication.

*Professor and Extension Range Specialist; Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; Assistant Professor and Extension Range and Brush Control Specialist; Senior Lecturer, Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management; Associate Department Head, Professor and Extension Program Leader; Professor and Extension Range Specialist; and Regents Fellow and Professor, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; The Texas A&M University System

Weed species PageAfricanrue................................................................................. 6Berlandierlobelia................................................................. 6,7Bittersneezeweed............................................................... 6,7Broomweed(annualorcommon).................................... 6,7Broomsnakeweed............................................................... 7,8Buffalobur............................................................................... 6,7Bullnettle.................................................................................... 8Camphorweed...................................................................... 6,7Carolinahorsenettle............................................................... 8Cocklebur.............................................................................. 6,7Commongoldenweed............................................................. 9Croton.................................................................................... 6,7Dogfennel................................................................................... 8Drummond’sgoldenweed...................................................... 9Garbancillo..........................................................................9,10Graygoldaster........................................................................10Horehound............................................................................ 6,7Jimmyweed...............................................................................11Lespedeza...........................................................................10,11Marshelder............................................................................. 6,7Narrowleafgoldaster............................................................10Perennialbroomweed......................................................... 7,8Plantain................................................................................... 6,7Prairiegerardia..................................................................... 6,7Ragweed................................................................................. 6,7Raylessgoldenrod..................................................................11Rosinweed................................................................................ 8Silverleafnightshade................................................................ 8Smartweed............................................................................. 6,7Spinyaster.........................................................................11,12Sulfaweed............................................................................... 6,7Sumpweed............................................................................. 6,7Sunflower............................................................................... 6,7Tallowweed............................................................................ 6,7Thistles................................................................................... 6,7Threadleafgroundsel...................................................9,10,12Treadsalve.................................................................................. 8Twinleaf(twoleaf)senna.......................................................12Uprightprairie-coneflower..............................................8,12

Westernbitterweed............................................................ 6,7Westernhorsenettle............................................................... 8Westernragweed................................................................. 6,7Wildcarrot............................................................................ 6,7Wolfweed...........................................................................11,12Woollylocoweed...............................................................9,10Yankeeweed............................................................................... 8

Brush species PageAshejuniper............................................................................13Baccharis............................................................................13,14Beebrush............................................................................15,29Beebush..............................................................................15,29Bigelowshinoak......................................................................14Blackberry................................................................................15Blackbrush.................................................................. 14,15,25Blackgum..................................................................................15Blackjackoak...........................................................................15Blueberrycedar......................................................................13Boisd’arc...........................................................................14,15Burrobrush..............................................................................15Catclawacacia...................................................................14,25Catclawmimosa........................................................ 14,16,25Cenizo......................................................................................16Chinesetallowtree.................................................... 14,16,17Cholla........................................................................................13Christthorn.....................................................................17,21Commonpersimmon............................................................17Creosotebush.........................................................................17Dogcactus...............................................................................13Drylandwillow.................................................................13,14Easternpersimmon................................................................17Easternredcedar....................................................................18Elm................................................................................ 14,15,18Flameleafsumac......................................................................18Granjeno............................................................................18,25Greenbriar.........................................................................14,19Guajillo...............................................................................15,25Hackberry................................................................... 14,15,18Hardwoods................................................................. 15,19,22

Hercules...................................................................... 14,15,18Honeylocust............................................................................19Huisache................................................... 14,18,19,20,21,25Lotebush..................................................................... 15,18,20Macartneyrose.......................................................................20Mesquite................................................... 20,21,22,23,24,25Mesquite,Westernhoney.....................................................24Mixedbrush–SouthTexas..................................................25Mixedbrush–DavisMountains.........................................25Mohrsshinoak........................................................................25Postoak....................................................................................15Pricklyash(Herculesclub)....................................... 14,15,18Pricklypear.........................................................................25,26Redberrycedar.................................................................13,27Redberryjuniper..............................................................13,27Retama................................................................................19,25Rooseveltwillow..............................................................13,14Runningliveoak.....................................................................28Sacahuista.................................................................................28Saltcedar...................................................................................28Sandsagebrush.......................................................................29Sandshinneryoak..................................................................29Seepwillow.......................................................................13,14Skunkbush................................................................................25Spinyhackberry................................................................18,25Sweetgum.................................................................................15Tarbush.....................................................................................17Tasajillo........................................................................ 13,25,26Texaspersimmon...................................................................14Twistedacacia...................................................................20,25Whiteshinoak.........................................................................14Whitebrush................................................................ 15,25,29Whitethornacacia.................................................................17Whiteshinoak.........................................................................14Willow......................................................................................15Willowbaccharis..............................................................13,14Wingedelm.......................................................................14,15Yaupon................................................................................14,18Yucca.........................................................................................30

IndexControldescriptionsforweedandbrushplantsarelocatedonthepagenumbersindicated.Carefullycheckthechart.Morethanonecontrolmeasuremayexist.

� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland

ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �

Millions of acres of Texas rangeland support an excessive cover of woody plants and forbs. Dense stands of brush and weeds use valuable water for growth, reduce grass production and result in soil

erosion. These noxious plants must be managed effectively for rangelands to reach their productive potential. Use of herbicides provides an effective and efficient alternative for controlling brush and weeds for improvement and maintenance of rangelands in a highly productive condition.

This publication lists current suggestions for herbicide use to control brush and weeds on rangeland. Some herbicides provide a high degree of control of certain species; however, seldom is a species eradicated. Consider other potential rangeland uses when developing a brush management program. Many trees, shrubs and forbs are valuable as food and cover for wildlife and may be an important component in livestock diets. Therefore, a brush management program should provide for use of control methods that give optimum benefits to livestock and wildlife.

Herbicide application may increase palatability of poisonous plants. Thus, they are more likely to be consumed by livestock. To prevent losses to toxic plants, herbicide-treated areas with poisonous plants present should not be grazed until the toxic plants dry up and lose their palatability.

Properly used herbicides are effective and safe. Misuse can result in poor brush and weed control, and in possible hazards associated with herbicidal drift, dangerous residues, or killing desirable plants. Follow these points for proper herbicide use:

= Identify the weed or brush species and evaluate the need for control.

= Consider expected benefits, costs and alternative control practices.

= Select and purchase the suggested herbicide for the weed or brush species.

= Follow herbicide label directions for allowable uses, application rates and special handling or mixing requirements.

= Provide and require the use of proper safety equipment.

= Calibrate spray equipment.

= Mix herbicides in a ventilated area, preferably outside.

= Spray under conditions that prevents drift to susceptible crops.

= Apply the herbicides at the suggested rate and time.

= Keep a record of the herbicide used, the time required to spray, weather conditions, rate of herbicide in carrier, date, location and the person using the herbicide.

The sprayer used must apply the correct quantity of herbicide mixture to a specific area. To calibrate spray equipment, see Extension publication L-5465, “Weed Busters: Sprayer Calibration Guide.”

Suggestions on use of herbicides made by Texas Cooperative Extension are based upon effectiveness under Texas conditions.

Broadcast and individual plant treatments are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Individual plant treatments are suited for control of thin stands of brush and selective control. Broadcast treatments are useful for dense stands of brush and for weed control.

Suggested herbicides must be registered and labeled for use by the Environmental Protection Agency. Because the status of herbicide label clearance is subject to change, be certain that the herbicide is currently labeled for the intended use.

The user is always responsible for the effects of herbicide residue on his livestock and crops, as well as for problems that could arise from drift or movement of the herbicide from his property to that of others. Always read and follow carefully the instructions on the container label.

Texas Digital Diagnostics (TDD) provides a quick way to identify plants. Accurate plant identification is critical for selecting proper control technologies. TDD uses digital images and the internet to provide this service. Contact your County Extension Agent to learn more about this program.

Treatment Control RatingsA control rating, based on the effectiveness of a herbicide treatment in controlling a target plant, has been assigned to each herbicide use suggestion. These ratings were determined from research and result demonstration data and from observations of commercial applications. The rating represents a degree of plant mortality of the target plant species when the treatment is properly applied under optimum conditions. The rating categories and degree of plant mortality are:

Control rating Percent of plants killedVery high 76-100

High 56-75

Moderate 36-55

Low 0-35


Common, Chemical and Product Names of Herbicides*Herbicide common name Chemical name Product name Active ingredient

or acid equivalent

Aminopyralid 2-pyridinecarboxylicacid,4-amino-3,6-dichloro-2-pyrdinecarboxylicacid,triisopropanolammoniumsalt

Milestone 2lbs./gal.

Aminopyralid1:8,2,4-D Seeaminopyralidand2,4-D Forefront 3lbs./gal.

Clopyralid 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoicacid Reclaim,PyramidR&P 3lbs./gal.

2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)aceticacid Weedar64,Formula40,Hi-Dep,WeedoneLV4,Esteron99andothers

concentrationvariesdependingonproduct

Dicamba 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoicacid Banvel,Clarity,Vision 4lbs./gal.

Dicamba:2,4-D(1:3) Seedicambaand2,4-D Weedmaster,Banvel+2,4-D,RangeStar 4lbs./gal.

Dieselfueloilorkerosene refinedpetroleumfractions Severalmanufacturers

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptylester:((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxy)aceticacid Vista 1.5lbs./gal.

Glyphosate N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine SeveralincludingRodeo**,Roundup,RoundupUltradry,Glyposate417

isopropylaminesalt*,concentrationvariesdependingontheproduct

Hexazinone 3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(IH,3H)-dione VelparL,PrononePowerPellet 2lbs./gal.(VelparL)75%(PrononePowerPellet)

Imazapyr 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethy)-5-oxo-lH-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylicacid Arsenal,Habitat** 2lbs./gal.

Metsulfuronmethyl methyl2[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoate Escort,CleanPasture,MSM60DF 60%

Metsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron3:1 SeeMetsulfuronmethyl+2-Chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]benzenesulfonamide

CimarronPlus 48%metsulfuron15%Chlorosulfuron

Metsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron1:1 Seemetsulfuron:Chlorosulfuron CimarronX-Tra 30%Metsulfuron37.5%Chlorosulfuron

MetsulfuronmethylDicamba:2,4-D(1:3)

Seemetsulfuronmethyl,visionand2,4-D CimarronMax 60%(PartA)3.87lbs./gal.(PartB)

Picloram 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylicacid Tordon22K,Triumph22K,Picloram22K 2lbs./gal.

Picloram:Fluroxypyr(1:1) SeepicloramandFluroxypyr Surmount 1.34lbs./gal.

Picloram:2,4-D(1:4) SeePicloramand2,4-D GrazonP+D,Gunslinger 2.5lbs./gal.

Tebuthiuron N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethy)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}-N-N’-dimethylurea Spike20P,Spike80DF 20%(Spike20P)80%(Spike80DF)

Triclopyr {(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy}aceticacid ClearPasture,PathfinderIIRemedyUltra,Triclopyr4EC

0.75lbs./gal.(PathfinderII)4lbs./gal.(allothers)

Triclopyr:Fluroxypr(3:1) Seetriclopyrand1-methylheptyester:((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxy)aceticacid PastureGard 2.0lbs./gal.

Triclopyr:2,4-D(1:2) Seetriclopyrand2,4-D Crossbow 3lbs./gal.

*HerbicideshavebeenidentifiedbytheacceptedWeedScienceSocietyofAmericacommonname,andwhenpractical,oneormoreproductnames.**Aquaticlabel


Common Measurement Conversions for Use with Herbicide ApplicationsLiquid Weight

1gallon(gal)=4quarts(qt)1gallon=8pints(pt)1gallon=16cups(c)1gallon=128ounces(oz)1gallon=3784.96milliliters(ml)1quart(qt)=2pints1quart=4cups1quart=32ounces1quart=946.24milliliters1pint(pt)=2cups

1pint=16ounces1pint=473.12milliliters1cup(c)=8ounces1ounce(oz)=2tablespoons(tbs)1ounce(oz)=29.57milliliters1tablespoon(tbs)=3teaspoons(tsp)1tablespoon=1⁄2ounce1tablespoon=14.79milliliters1teaspoon(tsp)=4.98milliliters

1pound(lb)=16ounces1pound=453.6grams(g)1ounce=28.35grams1kilogram(kg)=2.2pounds

Area1acre=43,560squarefeet(sqft)1hectare(ha)=2.471acres

Guide to Quantity of Herbicide Formulation for Total Volume of Spray Mix

TotalSprayVolumeDesired

Herbicide Concentration Desired for Individual Plant and Spot Treatment1⁄4% 1⁄2% 3⁄4% 1%* 11⁄2% 2% 3% 4% 5% 10% 15% 25%

Quantity of Herbicide Formulation

1gal. 1⁄3oz. 2⁄3oz. 1oz. 11⁄3oz. 2oz. 22⁄3oz. 4oz. 51⁄4oz. 61⁄2oz. 13oz. 19oz. 1qt.

3gals.* 1oz. 2oz. 3oz. 4oz.* 6oz. 8oz. 12oz. 151⁄2oz. 19oz. 38oz. 57oz. 3qts.

5gals. 12⁄3oz. 31⁄3oz. 5oz. 61⁄2oz. 10oz. 13oz. 19oz. 26oz. 1qt. 2qts. 3qts. 11⁄4gals.

10gals. 31⁄3oz. 61⁄2oz. 10oz. 13oz. 19oz. 26oz. 38oz. 51oz. 2qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 21⁄2gals.

25gals. 8oz. 1pt. 24oz. 1qt. 48oz. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄4gals. 21⁄2gals. 33⁄4gals. 61⁄4gals.

50gals. 1pt. 1qt. 48oz. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 2gals. 21⁄2gals. 5gals. 71⁄2gals. 121⁄2gals.

100gals. 1qt. 2qts. 3qts. 1gal. 11⁄2gals. 2gals. 3gals. 4gals. 5gals. 10gals. 15gals. 25gals.

*Example: Toprepare3gallonsofaspraymixture(herbicide,waterandsurfactant)containing1%herbicide,add4oz.ofherbicide.

Note: Add1⁄4%to1⁄2%commercial,non-ionicsurfactantformixturesusingonlywaterastheherbicidecarrier.Add5%dieselfuelifanoil-in-wateremulsionisdesiredtobetheherbicidecarrier.Anoilemulsifyingagent(emulsifier)shouldbeaddedaccordingtolabeldirections.Agitationandtheemulsifierarenecessarytopreventseparationofthespraymixture.

Caution: Non-ionicsurfactantsarenotemulsifyingagentsandwillnotresultintheformationofanemulsionwhendieselfuelandwateraremixedandagitated.Theemulsifiershouldbeaddedat1to3ouncespergallonofthedieselfuelpriortoaddingthedieselfueltothespraytank.Thespraytankshouldbefilledtoabouthalfthedesiredvolumewithwaterpriortoaddingthedieselfuel-emulsifierpremix.Thedieselfuel-emulsifierpremixisthenaddedtothespraytankslowly,withagitation,afterwhichthespraytankisfilledtothedesiredvolumewithwater.


Table 1. Herbicides for Controlling Weeds on Rangeland.Weed controlled Herbicide (common

and chemical names -page 4)

Herbicide quantity (active ingredient rate in parenthesis)

Spray volume (per acre for broadcast,

as described for individual plant)

Time to apply

Remarks

Broadcast rate per acre

Individual plant/spot treatment*

African rue VelparL VH**2ml/plant

Useanexactdeliveryhandguntoapplyundilutedherbicidetosoilsurfaceattheedgeoftheplantcanopy.

Springorsummer. Donotuseonheavyclayorcalichesoils.

PrononePowerPellet VH1pellet/plant

Spike20P H7.5lbs.(1.5lbs.)

Arsenal H1qt.(0.5lbs.)

VH0.5%

10to25gal./ac.forgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

LateSeptemberthroughOctober(tofirstfrost).

Applicationsshouldbemadetofallregrowththatisingoodgrowingcondition.Recommendusingindividualplanttreatmentwhengrowingwithdesirablevegetationtoreducenon-targetdamage.Arsenalisanon-selectiveherbicideandwillkillordamagedesirablevegetationifsprayed.

Berlander lobelia, bitter sneezeweed, broomweed (annual or common), buffalobur, camphorweed, cocklebur, croton, horehound, marshelder (sumpweed, sulfaweed), plantain (tallowweed), prairie gerardia (see remarks), ragweed, smartweed, sunflower, thistles, Western bitterweed (see remarks), Western ragweed, wild carrot and others

2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester

VH**1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)

4lbs./gal.product

VH1%(4lbs./gal.product)

2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Spring,weed4to6incheshigh,goodmoisturecondition.

Use2,4-Damineinareaswith25inchesofrainfallormore.Use2,4-Dlowvolatileesterindrierareaswherenosusceptiblecropsarenearby.

ForWesternbitterweedcontrol,use2,4-Dlowvolatileesteroramineat1qt./acrebeforeplantsflowerandtemperature(above72°F.)andsoilmoisturefavorplantgrowth.Whenthreefourthsofplantsarebloomingand/ortemperatureislessthan60°F.,useWeedmaster,2,4-DplusBanvel,GrazonP+Dor2,4-DplusTordon22K.

Forprairiegerardiacontrol,use11⁄2qts./acreof2,4-DorthelowrateofWeedmaster.Banvelplus2,4-D,GrazonP+DorTordon22Kplus2,4-Dwhenplantsare4to6incheshigh.Use1qt./acreofGrazonP+Dor1⁄2pt.of2,4-D/acrewhenplantsare6to10incheshighbeforeflowering.

Weedmaster VH1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)

VH1%

TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester

VH1⁄4to1⁄2pt.

(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Banvel+

3⁄4to11⁄2pts.(3⁄8to3⁄4lb.)

2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Banvel

+3⁄4%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

GrazonP+D VH1pt.to11⁄2qts.(0.3to0.9lb.)

VH1%

TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester

VH1⁄4to3⁄4qts.

(1⁄16to3⁄16lb.)Tordon22K

+1⁄2to11⁄2pts.

(1⁄4to3⁄4lb.)2,4-D4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFormulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low


Table 1 (continued)Weed controlled Herbicide (common





Time to apply

Remarks



CimarronMax VH**Rate1toRate2

VH1%

Surmount VH1.5pts.to1qt.

(0.25to0.33lb.)

VH1%

Usehighendofraterangeforcamphorweed,marshelderandsmartweed.

PastureGard H1to1.5qts.

(0.5to0.75lb.)

VH1%

Usehighendofraterangeforcamphorweed,marshelderandsmartweed.PastureGardefficacyonsmartweedismarginal.

Broomweed (annual or common), plantain (tallowweed), wild carrot

EscortorCimarron VH0.1oz.

2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Spring,weedslessthan4inchestall.

CimarronPlus VH0.125oz.

CimarronX-tra VH0.2oz.

Broom snakeweed (perennial broomweed)

Tordon22K VH1pt.to1qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

VH1⁄2%


Duringandafterfullflowerstageinfallwhengrowthconditionsaregood;orspringduringpeakplantgrowthwhengrowthconditionsaregood.

Addemulsifertooilforproperemulsionwhenoil-in-wateremulsionisused.Use1pt./acreofTordon22Konlyinthefall.Use1qt./acreofTordon22Kinthespring.PoorcontrolmaybeexpectedifWeedmasterorBanvel:2,4-Dmixtureisusedwhengrowthconditionsarelessthanideal.GrowthconditionsshouldbeoptimumifGrazonP+DorTordon22K:2,4-Dmixtureisusedinthespring.

GrazonP+D VH2qts.(11⁄4lbs.)

VH1%

Surmount VH1.5to3qts.

(0.5to1.0lb.)

VH1%

TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.

VH1pt.(1⁄4lb.)Tordon22K

+1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Weedmaster VH1qt.(1lb.)

VH1%

TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.

VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Banvel

+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)


VH1⁄4%Banvel

+3⁄4%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)








Time to apply

Remarks



Broom snakeweed (perennial broomweed)(continued)

EscortorCimarron VH**0.6oz.

2to4gals.waterforaerialspray;10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Add1to2qts.surfactantor2gals.cropoilper100gals.water.

Optimumtimeisinthefall,butmaybeappliedinspring.



CimarronMax HtoVHRate1toRate2

Spike20P VH3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)

VH1⁄6oz.ofpellets

(1⁄30oz.)per100sq.ft.

Anytime–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1

Useonlyonsand,loamysand,sandyloam,loam,siltloam,siltorsandyclayloamsoils.

Bullnettle, Carolina horsenettle, dogfennel, silverleaf nightshade, upright prairie-coneflower, western horsenettle (treadsalve), yankeeweed (rosin weed)

GrazonP+D VH1to11⁄2qts.

(0.6to0.9lb.)

VH1%


Spring(seeremarks). Spraybullnettle,Carolinahorsenettle,silverleafnightshadeandwesternhorsenettlewhenplantsbegintoflowerinthespring.Spraydogfennelandyankeeweedwhenplantsare8to10inchestall.Sprayuprightprairie-coneflowerwhenplantsare2to6inchestallbeforeflowering.


VH1⁄2to3⁄4pt.

(1⁄8to3⁄16lb.)Tordon22K

+1to11⁄2pts.

(1⁄2to3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Surmount VH1.5to2pts.

(0.25to0.33lb.)

VH1%



VH1%



+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,

4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Banvel

+3⁄4%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)








Time to apply

Remarks



Common goldenweed, Drummond’s goldenweed

2,4-Dlowvolatileester VH**2qts.(2lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product



Springwhengrowthconditionsaregood.

GrazonP+D,WeedmasterandmixturesofBanvel:2,4-DandTordon22K:2,4-Daremoreeffectivethan2,4-Dalonewhengrowthconditionsarelessthanoptimal.

Whenoil-in-wateremulsionisused,addemulsifiertooilforproperemulsion.

Weedmaster VH3pts.(11⁄2lbs.)

VH2%

Surmount VH2pts.(0.33lb.)

VH1%

PastureGard H1to1.5qts.

(0.5to0.75lb.)

VH1%

CimarronMax VHRate3



+21⁄4pts.(1.125lbs.)


VH1⁄2%Banvel

+11⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

GrazonP+D VH3pts.(0.94lb.)

VH2%


VH3⁄4pt.(0.19lb.)Tordon22K

+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)


VH1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Garboncillo, threadleaf groundsel, wooly locoweed

GrazonP+D VH3pts.(0.94lb.)

VH2%


Fall,goodmoistureconditions.

Herbicideapplicationmayincreasepalatabilityofthesepoisonousplants.Therefore,treatedareasshouldnotbegrazeduntilthetoxicplantsdryupandlosetheirpalatability.


VH3⁄4pt.(0.19lb.)Tordon22K

+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)


VH1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.

product)

Surmount VH2pt.(0.33lb.)

VH1%

PastureGard H1to1.5qt.

(0.5to0.75lb.)

VH1%

CimarronMax VHRate2


10 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland






Time to apply

Remarks



Garboncillo, threadleaf groundsel, wooly locoweed(continued)

Weedmaster VH**1qt.(1lb.)

VH2%



+21⁄4pts.(11⁄8lbs.)


VH1⁄2%Banvel

+11⁄2%,2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Gray goldaster,narrowleaf goldaster

2,4-Dlowvolatileester VH1qt.(1lb.)

VH1%

2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(2qts.dieselfueloilandwatertomake2to4gals./acre)asaerialspray.10to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake10to25gals./acre)asgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.

Springduringbudstage(pre-bloom).

Budstageusuallyoccursduringmid-MaytoearlyJune.

GrazonP+D VH1.6qts.(1lb.)

VH1%

TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester.

VH0.8pt.(0.2lb.)Tordon22K

+0.8qt.(0.8lb.)2,4-D,

4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Surmount VH2pt.(0.33lb.)

VH1%

PastureGard H1to1.5qt.

(0.5to0.75lb.)

VH1%



VH1%

TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester.


+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,

4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Banvel

+3⁄4%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Lespedeza Remedy VH1to2pts.(1⁄2to1lb.)

Groundbroadcast20to30gals.peracrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

JunethroughAugustundergoodgrowingconditions.

Plantsneedtobe12to18inchestallbeforespraying.Usethehigherrateifplantsarelarge,approachingmaturity,oriftheinfestationlevelishigh.

EscortorCimarron H0.5oz.

Beginapplicationatflowerbudinitiationthroughfullbloom.

CimarronPlus H0.7oz.


ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 11






Time to apply

Remarks



CimarronX-tra H1.0oz.

Groundbroadcast20to30gals.peracrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

JunethroughAugustundergoodgrowingconditions.

Beginapplicationatflowerbudinitiationthroughfullbloom.

CimarronMax HRate2

Surmount VH**1.5to2pts.

(0.25to0.33lb.)

VH1%

PastureGard VH1.5to2pts.

(0.38t0.5lb.)

VH0.75%

Rayless goldenrod(jimmyweed)



Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Fall.




VH2%

Tordon22K VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)

VH1%

Spiny aster (wolfweed) GrazonP+D VH1qt.(0.63lb.)

VH1%

10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Springduringgoodmoistureandgrowthconditions.

Shredplantsduringwinter.Regrowthwillhaveleaves.Applyherbicidewhenregrowthis10to12inchestall.TankmixTordon22K

with2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester.

VH1⁄2pt.(1⁄8lb.)Tordon22K

+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

Surmount VH1.5to2pts.

(0.25to0.33lb.)

VH1%

PastureGard H2to3pts.

(0.5to0.75lb.)

VH1%


VH1%


1� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland






Time to apply

Remarks



Spiny aster (wolfweed)(continued)



+11⁄2pts.(3⁄4lb.)2,4-D,

4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Banvel

+3⁄4%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.

product)

10to25gals.waterforgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Springduringgoodmoistureandgrowthconditions.

Shredplantsduringwinter.Regrowthwillhaveleaves.Applyherbicidewhenregrowthis10to12inchestall.

Threadleaf groundsel EscortorCimarron VH0.4oz.


Fall.



CimarronMax VHRate2

Twinleaf senna(twoleaf senna)

GrazonP+D VH**1%

Thoroughlywetfoliage.Mixwithwaterandadd1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.

Latespring,goodmoistureandgrowthconditions.

Surmount VH1%

Weedmaster VH1%

Upright prairie-coneflower



Spring,beforeflowerstalkdevelopment.




ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland 1�

Table 2. Herbicides for Controlling Brush on Rangeland.Brush controlled Herbicide (common



Spray volume(per acre for broadcast,


Time to apply

Remarks


Individual plant treatment*

Ashe juniper(blueberry cedar)

VelparL VH**2ml.per3ft.ofheight

orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater

Latewinterthroughsummer.

ApplyundilutedVelparL,Tordon22KorPrononePowerPelletsbetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparLandTordon22K.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2ml.or4ml.applicationofVelparLorTordon22K,ormorethan1PrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight


Tordon22K VH4ml.per3ft.ofheight


Ashe juniper(blueberry cedar), cholla, dog cactus, redberry juniper (redberry cedar), tasajillo

Tordon22K VH1%

Hratingforcholla

Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsorjointsandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Mixwithwaterandadd1-2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.

Anytime.

Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis)

2,4-Dlowvolatileester H3pts.to3qts.(11⁄2to3lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product

H1%

4to5gals.waterforaerialspray;15to20gals.waterforgroundbroadcast.Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywettheentirefoliage,stemsandtrunks.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Spring,whenleavesarefullyexpandedanddarkgreenincolor.

GrazonP+D H1%

Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywettheentirefoliage,stemsandtrunks.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Weedmaster H1%


Table 2 (continued)Brush controlled Herbicide (common





Time to apply

Remarks



Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis)(continued)

VelparL VH**2ml.per3ft.ofheight



ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPellettosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2ml.applicationofVelparL,orasinglePrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight


Baccharis (dryland willow, Roosevelt willow, seep willow or willow baccharis), blackbrush, bois d’arc, catclaw acacia, catclaw mimosa, Chinese tallowtree, elm, greenbriar, hackberry, huisache, pricklyash, (Hercules club), Texas persimmon (see remarks), winged elm, yaupon

Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil

Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk

Anytime–optimumtimeisduringgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.

Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Useafanorhollowconenozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.ForTexaspersimmon,applyinspringafterleavesmaturebutbeforeJune15.


10%d,l-limonene(apenetrant)maybeadded

tothemixture–seeremarks

Applytothetrunkina3-to4-inch-widebandneargroundleveloratlinedividingsmoothbarkfromcorkybark.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.


Thisiscommonlycalledthestreamlinebasalapplicationmethod.Useastraightstreamnozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandtrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Additionofapenetranttothemixturesaidswithcoveragearoundthetrunkandincreasesthedegreeofcontrolformostspecies.Tradenamesford,llimoneneareQuickStepII,AD100,Cide-KickIIandCide-Kick.OtherpenetrantsmaybeeffectivebuthavenotbeentestedonrangelandinTexas.ForTexaspersimmon,applyinspringafterleavesmaturebutbeforeJune15.

Bigelow shinoak (white shinoak)

Spike20P VH7.5lbs.ofpellets

(11⁄2lbs.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets

(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1.

Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.








Time to apply

Remarks



Blackberry Surmount VH**3to4pts.

(0.5to0.67lb.)

VH1to2%

Useatleast10gallonsofwaterperacre,butincreasedvolumeupto25gallonsperacrewillimprovecoverage,andsubsequentherbicidepenetrationintotheplant.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.

Applywhenleavesarefullyexpandedandthefoliageisdarkgreen,eitherbeforefirstflowerorafterfruitdrop.Donottreatblackberriesinthesameyearaftershredding,orburning.

PastureGard H3to4pts.

(0.75to1.0lb.)

VH1to2%

Blackbrush, guajillo Spike20P H10to15lbs.pellets

(2to3lbs.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4

inchesofstemdiameter


Usehigherrateondeepsoilswithhigherclaycontent.Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

Blackjack oak, bois d’arc, elm, hackberry, lotebush, post oak, pricklyash (Hercules club), whitebrush (beebrush, beebush), willow, winged elm

VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofcanopy

diameterorheight,whicheverisgreater


ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.of

canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater


Blackjack oak, post oak, winged elm

Spike20P VH10lbs.ofpellets(2lbs.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4



Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Blackgum, sweetgum and other hardwoods

Crossbow H4%indieselfueloil

Applytofreshlycutsurfaceofstumpimmediatelyaftercutting.

Anytime–bestresultswhensoilisdry.

Burrobrush Tordon22K VH1%

Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.

AprilthroughJuly.

GrazonP+D VH2%









Time to apply

Remarks



Catclaw mimosa Spike20P H**3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.or2to4inches

ofstemdiameter

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1inTrans-PecosandOct.1toApril1inrestofstate.

Useonlywhenbrushisgrowingonsand,loamysandorsandyloamsoil.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Cenizo Spike20P VH3.75lbs.ofpellets(3⁄4lb.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per100sq.ft.or2to4inchesofstemdiameter

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1

Forindividualplanttreatment,applythepelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Chinese tallowtree GrazonP+D VH1gal.(2.5lbs.)

VH1%

5to15gals.asaerialsprayor10to25gals.forgroundbroadcastapplication.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Springorfall.

TankmixTordon22Kwith2,4-Damine

VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

+2qts.(2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)


VH1%

Tordon22K VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)

VH1⁄2%

TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy

VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Remedy

VH1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄4%Remedy

VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofcanopy

diameterorheight,whicheverisgreater


ApplyundilutedSpike20P,VelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilbetweenstembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.of

canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater

Spike20P VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4










Time to apply

Remarks



Remedy VH**15%indieselfuel

Applytolower12-18inchesoftrunktowetthebark,butnottopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.


Useonlyonplantswithasmoothbarkand/oratrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1nozzleispreferred.

PathfinderII VHUndiluted

Remedy VH25%indieselfuel

Useonplantswithrough,corkybarkand/oratrunkdiameterof4in.orgreater.Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1nozzleispreferred.

Christ thorn Remedy VH1%

Add1to2qts.ofsurfactantper100gals.water.

Thoroughlywetfoliage.

Earlysummer.

TankmixRemedywithTordon22K

VH1⁄2%Remedy

+1⁄2%Tordon22K

Common or Eastern persimmon

Banvel L2qts.(2lbs.)

H1%

Groundbroadcast15to20gals.water.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

Spring,whenleavesarefullydeveloped.

Surmount VH1to2%

Creosotebush, tarbush, whitethorn acacia

Spike20P H3.75to5lbs.ofpellets

(3⁄4to1lb.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)

per100sq.ft.

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.

Use5lbs.ofpellets/acrewhensoilisaloam,siltloam,silt,sandyclayloamorclayloam.Uselowratewhensoilisasand,loamysandorsandyloam.Donottreatmountainsideorgravellyridgeswithslopesof7percentormore.Donottreatifsoilshaveacationexchangecapacitygreaterthan30meq.per100grams(commonlycalled“gyp”soils.)Forindividualplanttreatmentapplypelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondthecanopyedge.








Time to apply

Remarks



Eastern redcedar Tordon22K VH**4ml.per3ft.ofheight


Springorfall. ApplyundilutedVelparL,Tordon22KorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparLandTordon22K.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparLorTordon22K,ormorethan2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

VelparL VH4ml.per3ft.ofheight

orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater,or1inchoftrunkdiameter


PrononePowerPellet VH2pelletsper3ft.ofheight

orcanopydiameter,whicheverisgreater,or1inchoftrunkdiameter

Elm, granjeno (spiny hackberry), hackberry, huisache, lotebush, pricklyash (Hercules club), yaupon

Spike20P VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per45sq.ft.or2to4


Lratingforhuisacheandlotebush

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisOct.1toApril1exceptinTrans-PecoswhereoptimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.

Applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Flameleaf sumac GrazonP+D VH1%

2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum)or2to4gals.waterwith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.waterforaerialspray.Groundbroadcastuse10to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake10to25gals./acre)or10to25gals.waterwith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.

Latespring,whenleavesmature.

Surmount H3to6pt.

(0.5to1.0lb.)

VH0.75%

Tordon22K H1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

VH1⁄2%


H1pt.(1⁄4lb.)Tordon22K

+1⁄2pt.(1⁄4lb.)Remedy

VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄4%Remedy


VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%,2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)






Spray volume(per acre for broadcast,


Time to apply

Remarks



Greenbriar TankmixBanvelwith2,4-Dlowvolatileester

H**11⁄2%Banvel+3%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)indieselfueloil

Thoroughlywetstemswithdiesel/herbicidemix.

Winter. Useasdormantstemtreatment.Constantagitationisneededtomaintainpropermixture.

Hardwoods with a diameter of more than 1 inch except mesquite and huisache

2,4-Damine HUndiluted

Usetreeinjectororotherinjectingequipment.Applyincutsspaced2inchesapartatbaseoftrees.Applyuntil2,4-Drunsfromeachendofcut.

Summerorwinter.

Honeylocust GrazonP+D VH1%

Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Applytotheleaves.Thoroughlywetfoliage,butnottothepointofdripping.

Spring,whenleavesmature.

Huisache Remedy H15%indieselfueloil

Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktowetthetrunk;donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.

Anytime–optimumtimeisgrowingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.

Thisiscommonlycalledthelow-volumebasalapplicationmethod.A5500-X1adjustableconenozzleispreferred.PathfinderII VH

Undiluted

GrazonP+D VH1%

Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Applytotheleaves.Thoroughlywetfoliage,butnottothepointofdripping.

Bestresultsaregenerallyobtainedinthefall.

Ifplantsareshredded,waituntilregrowthis3ft.tallorhigherbeforetreatment.

Huisache, retama TankmixTordon22KwithRemedy

LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K


H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Remedy

4-5gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1qt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake4-5gals./acre;a1-5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum);20-25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20-25gals./acre)or20-25gals.waterplussurfactant(1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water)asgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1-2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.

Spring,withmaturefoliageorfallwithgoodsoilmoistureandfoliage.

Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.

TankmixTordon22KwithReclaim

LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

+1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Reclaim

H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Reclaim

Surmount LtoM6pt.(1.0lb.)

H1%

Tordon22K LtoM1qt.(1⁄2lb.)

H1%


�0 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland






Time to apply

Remarks



Lotebush Remedy VH15%indieselfuel

Applytolower12-18in.ofthetrunktowetthebark.Donotspraytopointofrunoff.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.



Macartney rose (mowed and other disturbed stands within 3 years of disturbance)

2,4-Damine L**2qts.(2lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product

L1%(4lbs./gal.product)

5to15gals.waterasaerialspray;25to30gals.waterasgroundbroadcast.Thoroughlywetfoliageandstemsforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

SpringbeforeJune1,goodgrowthconditions.

Avoidsprayingearlierthan9to12monthsfollowingmowingorwhenplantshavehighpercentageofnewgrowth.Poorcontrolmaybeexpectedifplantsarelessthan3ft.tallwhensprayed.Repeattreatmentwhennecessary.

GrazonP+D H1gal.(2.5lbs.)

VH1%

Springorfall,goodgrowingconditions.


H1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K


VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D

(4lbs./gal.product)

2,4-Dlowvolatileester L2qts.(2lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product


Fall,undergoodmoistureconditions,beforeNov.1.

Macartney rose (undisturbed stands)

2,4-Damine L1gal.(4lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product



SpringbeforeJune1,goodgrowthconditions.


VH1%

Springorfall,goodgrowthconditions.


H1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K


VH1⁄4%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%2,4-D(4lbs./gal.

product)

2,4-Dlowvolatileester L3qts.(3lbs.)

4lbs./gal.product



Fall,undergoodmoistureconditions,beforeNov.1.

Mesquite, huisache, twisted acacia

Dieselfueloil,kerosene H Applytobaseoftrunkfrom12to18inchesabovesoilsurfacedowntosoilsurface.Applyuntilsolutionpuddlesonsoilsurface.

Anytimesoilisdryandpulledawayfromthetrunk.

Applysufficientoiltopenetratetoplantbudzone.Dieselfueloildoesnotevaporateasfastaskerosene.


ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland �1






Time to apply

Remarks



Mesquite, huisache VelparL MtoH**4to8ml.per3ft.of

canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater.


ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.applicationofVelparL,or2PrononePowerPellets,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet MtoH2to4pelletsper3ft.of

canopydiameterorheight,whicheverisgreater.

Mesquite (basal stem diameter 11⁄2 inches or less)




Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Usea5500X1adjustableconenozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.


Mesquite (basal stem diameter greater than 11⁄2 inches), Christ thorn


Mesquite (basal stem diameter 11⁄2 inches or less)

Remedy VH15%indieselfueloil10%d,llimonene(apenetrant)

maybeaddedtothemixture-seeremarks

Applytothetrunkina3-to4-inch-widebandneargroundleveloratlinedividingsmoothbarkfromcorkybark.Applycompletelyaroundthetrunk.


Thisiscommonlycalledthestreamlinebasalapplicationmethod.Useastraightstreamnozzle.Useonlyonplantswithsmoothbarkandatrunkdiameterlessthan4inches.Additionofapenetranttothemixtureaidswithcoveragearoundthetrunk.Tradenamesford,llimoneneareQuickStepII,Cide-Kick,Cide-KickIIandAD100.OtherpenetrantsmaybeeffectivebuthavenotbeentestedonrangelandsinTexas.

Mesquite (basal stem diameter greater than 11⁄2 inches)

Remedy VH25%indieselfueloil10%d,llimonene(apenetrant)

maybeaddedtothemixture-seeremarks

Mesquite (seedlings and saplings)


Applytolower12to18inchesoftrunktopointofrunoff,butnottothepointofpuddling.

MaythroughAugust. Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Usea5500X1adjustableconenozzle.


�� ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland






Time to apply

Remarks



Mesquite, Christ thorn and other hardwoods (cut stumps)

Remedy VH**15%indieselfueloil

Spraythesidesofthestumpandtheouterportionofthecutsurface,includingthecambium,immediatelyaftercutting,tothoroughlywetthestemandrootcollararea,butnottothepointofrunoff.

Anyseasonoftheyear,exceptwhensnoworwaterpreventsprayingtothegroundline.

Thisiscommonlycalledthecutstumpapplicationmethod.Applywithabackpackorknapsacksprayerusinglowpressuresandasolidconeorflatfannozzle.Thisisanexcellenttreatmenttouseaftercuttingmesquitewithhydraulicshears.

PastureGard VH30%indieselfueloil


Mesquite(suppression and weed control)

2,4-Damine(includingHi-Dep)orlowvolatileester

L2to4qts.(2to4lbs.)

M2%(4lbs./gal.product)

Foraerialapplications,suggestedtotalsprayvolumeis4gals./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.

Forgroundbroadcastapplications,thesuggestedtotalsprayvolumeis10to25gals./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.

Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatments.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateroranoil-in-wateremulsion(5%diesel+95%water).

Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter.

Iftreatmentisappliedpriortooptimumsoiltemperatures,efficacyrateswillbelowerandmultipleapplicationsoveraperiodofyearsmaybenecessarytomaintainlessthan10%canopycover.

Treatmentswillcontrolmanyweeds.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifier.Useofatreatmentwithalowcontrolratingmayresultinmulti-stemgrowthformthatmaybemoredifficulttocontrolinthefuture.

GrazonP+D L1to11⁄2qts.

(0.6to0.9lb.)

Weedmaster L1to11⁄2qts.

(1to11⁄2lbs.)

CimarronMax LRate1toRate2

Tordon22K+2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester

L1⁄2to3⁄4pt.(1⁄8to3⁄16lb.)

Tordon22K+1to11⁄2qts.(1to11⁄2lbs.)2,4-D,4lbs./gal.product

Banvel+2,4-Damineorlowvolatileester

L1⁄2to3⁄4pt.(1⁄4to3⁄8lb.)Banvel+3⁄4to11⁄8qts.(3⁄4to11⁄8lbs.)2,4-D,

4lbs./gal.product

Remedy L1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)

M1%

Banvel L1pt.to1qt.(1⁄2to1lb.)

M1%


ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland ��






Time to apply

Remarks



Mesquite Remedy VH**2%indieselfueloil

Applytobaseoftrunkfrom12to18inchesabovesoilsurfacedowntosoilsurface.Applyuntilsolutionpuddlesonsoilsurface.

Anytimesoilisdryandpulledawayfromtrunk.

Reclaim MtoH1⁄3qt.to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

VH1%

Foraerialapplications,suggestedtotalsprayvolumeis4gal./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.

Forgroundbroadcastapplications,thesuggestedtotalsprayvolumeis10to25gal./acre.Useoil-in-wateremulsion(1to5oiltowaterratioconsideredoptimum),orwaterplussurfactant,cropoilormethylatedseedoil.

Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatments.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateroranoil-in-wateremulsion(5%diesel+95%water).

Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter;whenReclaimisusedaloneorinatankmixtheperiodshouldcontinuefor60days.Foroptimumrootkill,donotsprayifwhiteflowersorbeanelongationareobservable,ifover25%oftheleafcanopyisdamagedduetoinsects,diseaseorhail,ifsoiltemperaturesarelessthan75deg.1ft.deep,orifnewvegetativegrowthispresentduetorecentrains.

Use1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄2pt./acreRemedy,1⁄2pt./acreBanvelplus1⁄2pt./acreRemedy,1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄2pt./acreBanvel,1pt./acreTordon22Kplus1⁄3qt./acreReclaimand1⁄3qt./acreReclaimonlyinWestTexas.BanvelandBanvelmixtureshavebeenmoreeffectiveinWestTexasthaninotherpartsofthestate.Usemixturesthatinclude1⁄4pt./acreRemedyand1⁄3pt./acreReclaimonlyinMontague,Wise,Parker,Hood,Somervell,Bosque,Coryell,Lampasas,Burnet,Blanco,Kendall,Bandera,Real,EdwardsandValVerdecountiesandthosecountiesnorthandwestofthenamedcounties.Mixturesthatinclude1⁄2pt.Remedyand2⁄3pt.Reclaimwillgivebettercontrolthanmixtureswith1⁄4pt.Remedyand1⁄3pt.Reclaim.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.Useofatreatmentwithalow-controlratingmayresultinamulti-stemgrowthformthatmaybemoredifficulttocontrolinthefuture.

Remedy+Tordon22K M1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Remedy+

1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

MtoH1⁄2%Remedy

+1⁄2%Tordon22K

Remedy+Banvel L1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Remedy+

1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Banvel

M1⁄2%Remedy

+1⁄2%Banvel

Remedy+Reclaim MtoH1⁄4to1pt.

(1⁄8to1⁄2lb.)Remedy+

1⁄3to2⁄3pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Reclaim

VH1⁄2%Remedy

+1⁄2%Reclaim

Tordon22K+Banvel M1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Tordon22K+

1⁄2to1pt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Banvel

H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Banvel

Tordon22K+Reclaim MtoH1to2pts.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Tordon22K+

1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)Reclaim

VH1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Reclaim








Time to apply

Remarks



Mesquite (continued) TankmixRemedy,ReclaimandTordon22K

MtoH**1⁄4to1⁄2pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)

Remedy+

1⁄3to2⁄3pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)Reclaim

+2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

Recommendedformixturesofmesquiteandpricklypearcactus.

Reclaim(seeremarks) H2⁄3qt.(1⁄2lb.)

VH1%

Aug.1toSept.30withasoiltemperatureof75°Formoreatadepthof12inches.Donotapplyafterafrosthasoccurred.

UseonlyinMontague,Wise,Coryell,Lampasas,Burnet,Blanco,Kendall,Bandera,Real,EdwardsandValVerdeCountiesandthosecountiesnorthandwestofthenamedcounties.

Tordon22K VH1gal.(2lbs.)

Appliedwithacarpetedroller. LatespringthroughAugustwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Bestcontrolduringtheperiodthatbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuedfor45daysthereafter;whenReclaimisusedaloneorinatankmix,theperiodshouldcontinuefor60daysaftersoiltemperaturereaches75°F.

Mesquiteshouldbelessthan6ft.tallandshouldpassundercarpetedrollerwithoutbreakingthemainstem.Mixrecommendedquantityofherbicidewithwatertomake8gals.ofmixture.Add3to6ozs.ofsurfactantforeach8gals.mixed.

Reclaim VH2⁄3gal.(2lbs.)


VH2qts.(1lb.)Tordon22K

+11⁄3qts.(1lb.)Reclaim

Mesquite, western honey

TankmixRemedywithReclaim

VH1⁄2%Remedy

+1⁄2%Reclaim

Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.

Beginsprayinginthespringafterthesoiltemperaturehasreached75°F,at12in.deep.Thisoftencoincideswiththechangeincolorofthefoliagefromalightpeagreentoauniformdarkgreen.ThesprayperiodwilllastthroughSeptember.

WesternhoneymesquiteismostcommoninthewesternportionoftheTrans-PecosregionofTexas.Thisvarietyofmesquiteisnotusuallykilledbybroadcastsprays.








Time to apply

Remarks



Mixed brush (South Texas - will include several of the following: blackbrush, catclaw acacia, guajillo, granjeno or spiny hackberry, huisache, mesquite, pricklypear, retama, skunkbush, tasajillo, twisted acacia


M**2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K


H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Remedy

4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1qt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake4gals./acre;a1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum);20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1⁄2to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20to25gals./acre)or20to25gals.water/acreplussurfactant(1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water)asgroundbroadcast.

Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresuseofemulsifier.

Latespringtomid-summerwithmatureleaves(darkgreencolor).Optimumperiodofapplicationbeginswhensoiltemperatureatadepthof12inchesreaches75°Fandcontinuesfor45daysthereafter;withtheReclaimtankmixtheperiodshouldcontinuefor60daysaftersoiltemperaturereaches75°F.Ifmesquitehas10%canopycoverorless,applicationmaybemadeinspringorfall.

Themixtureof1qt.Tordon22Kplus2⁄3qt.Reclaimwillusuallyprovidebetterresultsthanthe1qt.Tordon22Kplus1⁄3qt.Reclaimmixture.Mixtureswillcontrolmostweeds.Whenusingoil-in-wateremulsion,useemulsifieraddedtooilforproperemulsion.


M1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

+1⁄3to2⁄3qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

Reclaim

H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Reclaim

TankmixTordon22KwithBanvel

M2pts.(1⁄2lb.)Tordon22K

+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Banvel

H1⁄2%Tordon22K

+1⁄2%Banvel

Mixed brush - Davis Mountains (includes catclaw acacia, catclaw mimosa and whitebrush)

Spike20P M**7.5to10lbs.ofpellets

(1.5to2lbs.)

H1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per

50to100sq.ft.

Anytimeduringyear–optimumperiodisMay1toJuly1.

Use10lbs.ofpellets/acrewhensoilisaloam,siltloam,silt,sandyclayloamorclayloam.Uselowratewhensoilisasand,loamysandorsandyloam.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonsoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondthecanopyedge.

Mohrs shinoak Spike20P VH5lbs.ofpellets(1lb.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per

100sq.ft.


UseonlywhenoakstandispredominantlyMohrsshinoak.ThesestandsaregenerallyfoundinTaylor,Nolan,Coke,SterlingandMitchellcounties.









Time to apply

Remarks



Pricklypear, tasajillo Tordon22K H**1pt.to1qt.(1⁄4to1⁄2lb.)

VH1%

2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1to5dieselfueloiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum).20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasgroundbroadcast(1gal.dieselfueloilper20to25gals.water)or20to25gals.waterperacreplus1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water).

Thoroughlywetplantsforindividualplanttreatment,adding1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.spraymix.

Anytime—bestresultshavebeenobtainedwithlatesummerthroughfallapplications.

Useemulsifierwhenaddingdieselfueloiltowater.Use1pt./ac.Tordon22KonlyonHighPlainswherenobrushoverstoryispresent.Latesummerorfallapplications(especiallywithVista)willprovidebestresults,butaeriallysprayinthewinterorearlyspringifheavyoverstoryofwoodyplantsispresentorifdamagetoliveoakisaconcern.

Surmount H4pts.(0.67lb.)

VH1%


VH2%

Vista VH1%

Prescribedburn+Tordon22K

VH**1⁄2pt.to1pt.(1⁄8to1⁄4lb.)

VH1%

Forindividualplanttreatment,thoroughlywetallpadsandcrownsthatsurvivethefire.Useawatercarrierandadd1-2qts.surfactant/100gals.water.

Afterburn,whennewpadsare3in.tall.Ifnewpadsdonotdevelop,spraybyApril30.

CarryoutprescribedburnbetweenDecemberandMarch.Sufficientfinefuelwithgoodfuelcontinuityshouldbepresenttoprovideauniformburnwithmoderatetohighintensity.Spraytheburnedareawithin5monthsoftheburnbutnolaterthanApril30(May31ifnewpadsdonotdevelopbyApril30).Use1⁄2pt.Tordon22Kwhentheprescribedburnissufficientlyintensetobrown-outmostpricklypearpadswithlessthan10percentofthepricklypeargreen2weeksaftertheburn.Use1pt.Tordon22Kfollowingmoderateintensityburnwithmorethan10percentofthepricklypeargreen2weeksaftertheburn.TheprescribedburnplusTordon22KtreatmentisnotrecommendedfortheRioGrandePlainslandresourcearea.








Time to apply

Remarks



Redberry juniper (redberry cedar)

VelparL(plantslessthan6ft.tall)

VH2ml.per3ft.ofheight

orcanopydiameter(whicheverisgreater)


ApplyundilutedVelparLorPrononePowerPelletstosoilsurfacebetweenthestembaseandtheedgeofthecanopy.UseanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplyVelparL.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle2or4ml.applicationofVelparL,or1PrononePowerPellet,applysubsequentapplicationsorpelletsequallyspacedaroundtheplant.Donotusethesetreatmentsonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.Bestresultsareexpectedoncoarse-texturedsoils.

PrononePowerPellet(plantslessthan6ft.tall)

VH1pelletper3ft.ofheight


VelparL(plantsmorethan6ft.tall)

H4ml.per3ft.ofheight


PrononePowerPellet(plantsmorethan6ft.tall)

H2pelletsper3ft.ofheight


Tordon22K VH**4ml.per3ft.ofheight


Springthroughfall,beforeexpectedrainfall.

ApplyundilutedTordon22Ktothestembaseatornearthegroundline.Useanexactdeliveryhandgunapplicatortoapplythe4ml.dose.Ifplantsizerequiresmorethanasingle4ml.application,spacesubsequentapplicationsequallyaroundtheplant.Donotuseonmarshyorpoorlydrainedsitesnoronsoilsclassifiedasclays.

Redberry juniper(cut stumps)

Tordon22K VH4%inwater

Spraythesidesofthestumpandthecutsurface,includingthecambium,immediatelyaftercutting,tothoroughlywetthestemandrootcollararea,butnottothepointofrunoff.Add1to2qts.surfactantto100gals.spraymix.

Anyseasonoftheyear,exceptwhensnoworwaterpreventsprayingtothegroundline.

Thisiscommonlycalledthecutstumpapplicationmethod.Applywithabackpackorknapsacksprayer,usinglowpressuresandasolidconeorflatfannozzle.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.








Time to apply

Remarks



Running Live Oak Spike20P VH5to10lbs.ofpellets

(1to2lbs.)

VH1⁄2oz.ofpellets(1⁄10oz.)per

50to100sq.ft.


Uselowrateonbrush2to8ft.tall.Use7.5lbs.ofpellets/acrewhenbrushis2to8ft.tallonrollingorhummockingsiteandwhenliveoakplantsare8ft.ortallerwithoutunderstoryspeciessuchasyaupon.Use10lbs.ofpellets/acrewhenliveoakplantsaretallerthan8ft.andanunderstoryofyauponandotherspeciesispresent.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Sacahuista Spike20P H1⁄4oz.ofpellets(0.05oz.)

perplant


Applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopynearthestembase.

Saltcedar Arsenal VH**2qts.(1lb.)

VH1%

Minimum10gals./acreforaerialorgroundbroadcastsprays.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.

JulythroughSeptember,oruntilleavesbegintoturnyellow.

Whenexposuretoaquaticenvironmentsispossible,useaquaticlabelsofArsenalandRoundup(seetable“Common,ChemicalandProductNamesofHerbicides”).ArsenalaloneorincombinationwithRoundupwilldamagedesirableplantsifcontactedbythespraymix.

Arsenal+Roundup VH1qt.(1⁄2lb.)Arsenal

+1pt.(1⁄2lb.)Roundup

VH1⁄2%Arsenal

+1⁄2%Roundup



Growingseasonwhenplantshavematureleaves.

Thisiscommonlycalledthelowvolumebasalapplicationmethod.Useahollowconenozzle.

*SeeGuidetoQuantityofHerbicideFromulationforTotalVolumeofSprayMixonpage5formixinginformation.**Treatmentcontrolratings:VH–VeryHigh;H–High;M–Moderate;L–Low







Time to apply

Remarks



Sand sagebrush 2,4-Dlowvolatileester H1qt.(1lb.)4lbs./gal.product{upto2qts.(2lbs.)forground

broadcast}


2to4gals.oil-in-wateremulsionasaerialspray(1pt.to1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake2to4gals./acre;a1to5oiltowaterratioisconsideredoptimum).Groundbroadcast20to25gals.oil-in-wateremulsion(1gal.dieselfueloilandwatertomake20to25gals./acre)or20to25gals.water/acrewith1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.water.Thoroughlywetfoliageforindividualplanttreatment.Add1to2qts.surfactantper100gals.wateror5gals.dieselfueloilper100gals.spraymix(1:19oil-in-wateremulsion).Oil-in-wateremulsionrequiresemulsifier.

May1toJune15undergoodgrowthconditionswithplantsfullyleafed.

Donotspraywhenplantsaredefoliatedbylatefreeze,hailorunfavorablegrowthconditions.

CimarronMax+2,4-Dlowvolatileester

HRate1CimarronMax

+1pt.(0.5lb.)2,4-D4lbs./gal.product

Sand shinnery oak Spike20P VH3.75to5lbs.ofpellets

(3⁄4to1lb.)


per100sq.ft.


Use3.75lbs.pellets/acreinsouthernHighPlainsandRollingPlains.Use5lbs.pellets/acreineasternPanhandlenorthofPrairieDogTownForkoftheRedRiver.Forindividualplanttreatment,applypelletsevenlyonthesoilundertheplantcanopyand1ft.beyondcanopyedge.

Whitebrush (beebrush, beebush)

Spike20P VH**5to7.5lbs.ofpellets

(1to11⁄2lbs.)


per50to100sq.ft.


Use5lbs.pellets/acreonsand,loamysandorsandyloamsoils.Use6.25lbs.pellets/acreonsoilswith20to30percentclay.Use7.5lbs.pellets/acreonareaswithgrassproductiongreaterthan1,500lbs./acreoronareaswheremesquite,Texaspersimmonorotherwoodyplantshaveacanopycoverof20percentormorewithwhitebrushthatis6ft.tallortaller.



�0 ChemicalWeedandBrushControlSuggestionsforRangeland






Time to apply

Remarks



Yucca Remedy H2%indieselfueloil

Spraythecenterofeachindividualwhorlofleavestothepointofrunoff.

Anytime. Completecoverageofleavesisnotnecessary.Thecrownofeachplantmustbethoroughlywettedwiththeherbicidemixture.

H2%in1:5dieselfueloil:

wateremulsion

MaythroughSeptember. Useemulsifierandagitatetomaintainemulsion.Completecoverageofleavesisnotnecessary.Thecrownofeachplantmustbethoroughlywettedwiththeherbicidemixture.

VH15%indieselfueloil

Useanadjustableconenozzle(X1orifice)andspraya2secondburstintoeachwhorl.

Springandsummer. Directsprayintothecenterofeachwhorl.

HUndiluted

2to4ml./plantwhorl

Useanexactdeliveryhandgunsetat2or4ml.perwhorldose.


Useanadjustableconenozzle(X1orifice)andspraya2secondburstintoeachwhorl.

CimarronMax+2,4-Dlowvolatileester

HRate2

CimarronMax+

1pt.to1.5pts.2,4-D(4lbs.a.i./gal.product)

Cropoilconcentrate,modifiedseedoilormodifiedseedoil/organosiliconearethepreferredadjuvants.Foraerialapplications,aminimumof4gals./ac.totalsprayvolumeisrecommended.

Springthroughfallpriortofrost.

Asecondfollow-upapplicationofCimarronMaxatRate1orRate2plus2,4-Dlowvolatileesterat0.5to0.75lb.a.i./ac.within2yearsoftheinitialapplicationmayberequiredtocontrolyuccaseedlingsandregrowthfromrootstocks.


Theinformationgivenhereinisforeducationalpurposesonly.ReferencetocommercialproductsortradenamesismadewiththeunderstandingthatnodiscriminationisintendedandnoendorsementbyTexasCooperativeExtensionisimplied.

ProducedbyAgriculturalCommunications,TheTexasA&MUniversitySystemExtensionpublicationscanbefoundontheWebat:http://tcebookstore.org

VisitTexasCooperativeExtensionathttp://texasextension.tamu.edu

EducationalprogramsconductedbyTexasCooperativeExtensionservepeopleofallagesregardlessofsocioeconomiclevel,race,color,sex,religion,handicapornationalorigin.

IssuedinfurtheranceofCooperativeExtensionWorkinAgricultureandHomeEconomics,ActsofCongressofMay8,1914,asamended,andJune30,1914,incooperationwiththeUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture.EdwardG.Smith,Director,TexasCooperativeExtension,TheTexasA&MUniversitySystem.

1500,Revision

FundingforthispublicationwasprovidedinpartbyDowAgroSciences,DupontAgriculturalProductsandBASF.

chemical weed and b control - center for natural resource

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