chemical reactivity the full version will be presented mon 31 st july 2006 see you at the expo!
TRANSCRIPT
Last week our focus was;
1. Elements and compound
2. The work and thinking of the scientists who developed the periodic table (Hennig Brand, Johann Dobereiner, John Newlands and Dimitri Mendeleev)
The physical properties of both metals and non metals
(Groups, periods, atomic and mass numbers)
5. The reactivity of some elements
3
4
This week please think about the following;
1. the structure of the first 20 elements
2. The special stability of the inert gases
3. Why the other elements take part in chemical reactions
4. Ionic and covalent bonding
5. Learn the symbols/charges for some common ions.
Gp 1 Gp 2 Gp 3 Gp 4 Gp 5 Gp 6 Gp 7 Gp0
1 4
7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
39 40
Essential Info
Useful linksUseful links Who was Dmitri Mendeleev?Who was Dmitri Mendeleev? http://www.chemistry.co.nz/mendeleev.htmhttp://www.chemistry.co.nz/mendeleev.htm
A Quick look at the History of the Periodic TableA Quick look at the History of the Periodic Table http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_History.htmlhttp://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_History.html
Periodic Table.comPeriodic Table.com http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_PerTbl.htmlhttp://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_PerTbl.html
2 Dimensional Periodic Table2 Dimensional Periodic Table http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_Flatprint.htmlhttp://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_Flatprint.html
3 Dimensional Periodic Table3 Dimensional Periodic Table http://periodictable.com/pages/1rotate.htmlhttp://periodictable.com/pages/1rotate.html
The Development of the Periodic TableThe Development of the Periodic Table http://www.chemsoc.org/viselements/pages/history_iii.htmlhttp://www.chemsoc.org/viselements/pages/history_iii.html
Web ElementsWeb Elements http://www.webelements.com/http://www.webelements.com/
Chemical Elements.comChemical Elements.com http://chemicalelements.com/http://chemicalelements.com/
Periodic Table of ElementsPeriodic Table of Elements http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/
Period Table.com for StudentsPeriod Table.com for Studentshttp://periodictable.com/pages/AAE__studentHOME.htmlhttp://periodictable.com/pages/AAE__studentHOME.html
The basic stucture of the atom
NUCLEUS
Electrons in orbits
The nucleus contains protons and neutrons
The electrons spin around the nucleus in orbits
Essential Info
Essential Info
The electrons are found in orbits which spin around the nucleus
Generally as the orbits get further from the nucleus their size gets larger. They hold more electrons!
28
818
Atomic number = number of protons and number of electrons
Atomic Mass = number of protons and neutrons added together
Number of neutrons = Mass number - atomic number
Essential Info Na11
23
Turn to page 497 and find out why atoms take partin chemical reactions
The p497 was mentioned in a Harry Potter film
It does not refer to any school text
Why do chemical reactions take place?
The inert gases are completely stable and DO NOT take part in chemical reactions
Atoms of other elements take part in chemical reactions so that they can become more stable. They would all like to have the same electron arrangements as the inert gases.
They can do this by either transferring electrons completely
or
by sharing electrons
Why does Mg react with O?
Mg is a group 2 metal. Its outer orbit has 2 electrons
It would like to become more like Ne. Ne is stable and has a full outer orbit.
O is a group 6 non metal. Its outer orbit has 6 electrons. It would also like a full outer orbit
By reacting together they can achieve this!
Rules leading to correct formulaP
lease copy into your exercise books
1. Positive ions (cations) can join to negative ions (anions)
2. Positive ions usually form the first part of the name (99% cases)
3. If the formula is correct there is no overall charge
4. If you have more than one polyatomic ion it is placed inside brackets
Essential training ionsPositive ions Negative ions
+ 1 - 1
+2 - 2
+3 - 3
sodium Na+potassium K+hydrogen H+lithium Lisilver Ag+
fluoride F-
chloride Cl-
bromide Br-
hydroxide OH-nitrate NO3-hydrogencarbonate HCO3-
magnesium Mg2+calcium Ca2+barium Ba2+zinc Zn2+iron(11) Fe2+copper Cu2+
carbonate CO3oxide O2-sulphide S2-sulphate SO4sulphite SO3chromate CrO4
aluminium Al3+chromium Cr3+iron(111) Fe3+
nitride N3-
phosphate PO4
ammonium NH4+