Chemical Reactions

Substance are converted to new substancesShown with an equation

Reactants on left Products on right Reactant + Reactant Product + Product

6CO2 + 6H2O + C6H12O6 + 6O2

Energy of Reactions

Energy is required to start a chemical reaction

Activation energy: minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products

Some reactions have such a high activation energy that they would neverhappen

Catalysts

Catalysts: substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction They do not get used up They do not increase the

products There are different catalysts

for different reactionsBy lowering the activation

energy they speed up the reaction!

Enzymes

Enzymes are special proteins that are biological catalysts They speed up reactions in the body and do

not get used up.

Enzyme Substrate Complex

Substrate: molecule the enzyme work with (reactants)

The substrate attaches to the enzyme at the active site.

Each enzyme and substrate are SPECIFIC to each other. They fit together perfectly like a lock and key

Factors affecting enzyme activity

Since the enzyme must fit perfectly with the substrate if the enzyme loses it shape it wont work correctly anymore

Two factors that can make an enzyme change its shape Temperature & pH

Denatured: when an enzyme loses its shape