chemical filtration tammy spear kevin landry. types of chemical filtration there are different...
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Chemical Filtration
Tammy SpearKevin Landry
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Types of chemical filtrationThere are different methods to
“chemically” treat or filter the water. Some of these ways include: ion exchange, adsorption, chemical bonding, and molecular destruction.
• Carbon and Zeolite• Ozone Generator• Ultraviolet sterilizer
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Different media that you can use in the chemical filter
• Carbon• Zeolite• Peat moss• Calcium hydroxide• Poly adsorption pads• Other chemically treated media.
We will show Carbon and Zeolite for this presentation
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Carbon
Carbon is generally activated with a positive charge and is designed to attract negatively charged water contaminants.
Typical particle sizes that can be removed by carbon filters range from 0.5 to 50 µm
• Carbon filters are most effective at removing chlorine, sediment, and volatile organic compounds They are not effective at removing minerals, salts, and dissolved inorganic compounds.
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ZeoliteZeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as adsorbents
Typical particle size that can be removed is aprox. 3 microns
• Zeolites can be used to adsorb ammonia and other nitrogenous compounds.
• Zeolite filtration is used in marine tanks to keep nutrient concentrations low for the benefit of corals adapted to nutrient-depleted waters.
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Ozone GeneratorOzone (O3) is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. Ozone is a pale blue gas and slightly soluble in water .
• Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent far stronger than O2
• Its use can minimize bacterial growth, control parasites, eliminate transmission of some diseases, and reduce yellowing of the water.
• Many municipal drinking water systems kill bacteria with ozone instead of chlorine and Ozone does not remain in the water after treatment.
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Ozone potential problems
• Ozone must not come in contact with fish's gill structures, or they will atrophy. (Carbon can be used to remove residual ozone)
• Due to the strong oxidizing properties of ozone it is a primary irritant. Affecting the eyes and respiratory systems it can be hazardous permanent lung injury or death could result from even a very short-term exposure to relatively low concentrations.
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Foam Fractionization
The principle here is to pump water and tiny air bubbles into the column. This air/water contact time allows the toxins to bind to the unstable oxygen molecules and form a scummy foam. This foam contains many bad, (and sometimes good) elements from the aquarium water. They are primarily used in saltwater applications and good for toxin removal.
Or Protein skimming
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Protein skimmers come in many sizes
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Ultraviolet Sterilizers• Very effective filtration for
purifying the water and killing bacteria and parasites
• Water is passed through a tubular filter body which is exposed to ultraviolet light. This filter kills a variety of free floating fungi, bacteria, and protozoan.