chemical equations and reactions
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Chemical Equations and Reactions. 8.1 Describing Chemical Reactions. Chemical Reactions. Chemical Reaction – the process by which one or more __________ are changed into one or more _________ substances Follows the law of ________ of mass - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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8.1 Describing Chemical Reactions
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• Chemical Reaction – the process by which one or more __________ are changed into one or more _________ substances
• Follows the law of ________ of mass• Chemical equation – represents, with _______ and formulas, the __________ and relative molar amounts of the _________ and products in a ________ reaction
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Evolution of ______ as heat or light
Production of a ___Formation of ________________ change
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• The equation must represent _____ facts
• The equation must contain correct ________ for the _________ and the _________
• The law of conservation of ____ must be satisfied
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• Coefficient – a small ______ number that appears in _____ of a formula in a chemical ________–Placed in front to _______ an equation
• Word Equation – an equation in which the _________ and products in a ________ reaction are represented by _____
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Does not give _______Methane plus oxygen yields carbon dioxide plus water.
Remember ________ molecules.CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2OFormula equation – __________ reactants & products of a chem rxn by their _______ & ________
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Use _______ to indicate ______.CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g)
Other symbols on page ___ of book
Also _____ to follow the ___ of ____________ of mass
Add ___________ to _______ eqn.
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C2H6 (g) C2H4 (g) + H2 (g)
Physical Catalyst State
ProductsReactants
800 K
Cr2O3
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Reversible reaction – a chemical ________ in which the products __-_____ the original reactants.
Catalyst – ______ up a reaction _______ being used up ______ the reaction.
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The coefficients indicate ________ not ________ amts.
The relative ______ can be determined by the rxn’s ___________.
The _______ rxn has the same relative _______ of substances as the _______ rxn.
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1. Write the unbalanced formula eqn.
2. Count the # of each element3. Insert coefficients for atoms4. Check to make sure both
sides are the same.
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1. Delay balancing elements (like H and O) that occur in several reactants or products.
2. If the same polyatomic ions appear on both sides of the equation, treat them as single units, like monatomic ions.
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3. After considering 1&2, balance elements left to right.
4. Remember, balancing 1 element may unbalance others.
5. For ionic equations, be sure charges are balanced.
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Ammonia plus oxygen yields nitrogen monoxide plus water plus heat.
_____ equationsNeed to make sure ionic _______ are balanced
HCl + H2O Cl- + H3O+
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Write the ____ and _______ equations for the chemical reaction that occurs when _____ sodium oxide is _____ to water at room temp and _____ sodium hydroxide (dissolved in the water). Include _______ for physical states & _______ the eqn
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Try balancing the following equations…
__Li + __AlCl3 __LiCl + __Al__C + __SO2 __CS2 + __CO__C3H8 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O__Al(OH)3 + __HBr __AlBr3 + __H2O
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__Rb + __S8 __Rb2S__NH3 + __O2 __N2 + __H2O__C6H12O6 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O__C3H8O + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O