chemical bonding ionic and metallic chemistry. elements some elements never exist by themselves some...
DESCRIPTION
The Diatomic Molecules These would still be said by their elemental name but would be written with a subscript of 2 These would still be said by their elemental name but would be written with a subscript of 2 H 2 H 2 N 2 N 2 F 2 F 2 O 2 O 2 I 2 I 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 Br 2 Br 2 BrINClHOF BrINClHOFTRANSCRIPT
Chemical BondingChemical BondingIonic and MetallicIonic and Metallic
ChemistryChemistry
ElementsElements Some elements never Some elements never
exist by themselvesexist by themselves These are called diatomic These are called diatomic
moleculesmolecules There are seven of them There are seven of them
and they make a seven on and they make a seven on the periodic tablethe periodic table
The Diatomic MoleculesThe Diatomic Molecules These would still be said These would still be said
by their elemental name by their elemental name but would be written with a but would be written with a subscript of 2subscript of 2
HH22 NN2 2
FF22 OO2 2
II2 2
ClCl22 BrBr2 2 BrINClHOFBrINClHOF
CompoundsCompoundsMost elements are not found separately Most elements are not found separately
but combined in a compound with but combined in a compound with something elsesomething else
Chemical bonds are strong attractions Chemical bonds are strong attractions between atoms or ions in a compoundbetween atoms or ions in a compound
The reason for this is the octet ruleThe reason for this is the octet rule
We want 8…eight is great!
Octet RuleOctet Rule Noble gases are what Noble gases are what
all elements aspire to all elements aspire to be like electronicallybe like electronically
These elements have These elements have 8 electrons in highest 8 electrons in highest energy levelenergy level
Ionic BondIonic BondDEFINITION:DEFINITION:Chemical bond formed by the electrostatic Chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between a cation and an anion.attraction between a cation and an anion.Atoms will either give up or take electrons Atoms will either give up or take electrons in order to have eight in their highest energy in order to have eight in their highest energy levellevel
Hey, can you help me out
and gimme an electron?
Why certainly, I have one I don’t want anyway.
Give up/take away electronsGive up/take away electrons
ChargesChargesSodium now has a +1 charge since it has Sodium now has a +1 charge since it has
lost an electronlost an electronChlorine now has a -1 charge since it Chlorine now has a -1 charge since it
gained an electrongained an electron
Ionic CompoundIonic CompoundThe combination of NaThe combination of Na++ and Cl and Cl-- form the form the
compound NaClcompound NaClAn ionic compound will always consist of:An ionic compound will always consist of:
A metal ion (called a CATION, the + one)A metal ion (called a CATION, the + one)A non-metal ion (called an ANION, the - one)A non-metal ion (called an ANION, the - one)
CATION ALWAYS COMES BEFORE THE CATION ALWAYS COMES BEFORE THE ANION; both in the name and the formulaANION; both in the name and the formula
CATION vs ANIONCATION vs ANION Positively charged Positively charged
ionsions Lose electronsLose electrons Smaller than the Smaller than the
parent atomparent atom Usually metals (left Usually metals (left
side of the table)side of the table)
Negatively charged Negatively charged ionsions
Gain electronsGain electrons Larger than the Larger than the
parent atomparent atom Usually nonmetals Usually nonmetals
(right side of table)(right side of table)
Properties of Ionic BondsProperties of Ionic Bonds
1.1. High melting pointHigh melting point2.2. Conducts electricityConducts electricity3.3. Soluble in waterSoluble in water
Lewis Dot DiagramsLewis Dot DiagramsDiagram that shows the valence electronsDiagram that shows the valence electronsShows ions or compounds or atomsShows ions or compounds or atoms
Metallic BondsMetallic BondsDEFINITION:DEFINITION:Attraction of free floating valence electrons Attraction of free floating valence electrons
for the positively charged metal cations.for the positively charged metal cations.
“Sea of electrons”
Properties of Metallic BondsProperties of Metallic Bonds
1.1. Malleable/DuctileMalleable/Ductile2.2. Conduct electricity and heatConduct electricity and heat3.3. Solid at room temp and shiny lusterSolid at room temp and shiny luster