chem 2 - chemical equilibrium iv: the properties of the equilibrium constant k plus examples
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Chemical Equilibrium (Pt. 4)
The Properties of the Equilibrium Constant K
plus ExamplesBy Shawn P. Shields, Ph.D.
This work is licensed by Dr. Shawn P. Shields under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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Recall: The Law of Mass Action
Consider the generalized reaction
Reactants A and B
Products C and D
coefficients
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Recall: The Law of Mass Action
For the reaction
The relationship between the value of the equilibrium constant K and the concentrations of reactants and products is
𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐬𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐬
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Property 1: Reversing the Reaction and the Value of K
For the reaction
Reverse the reaction:
or or K-1
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Property 1: Reversing the Reaction and the Value of K
If we reverse a reaction, the new K for the reversed reaction is the inverse of the original value.
or K-1
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Property 2: Adding Two Reactions and the Equilibrium Constant
If we add two or more reactions together to get a new reaction, multiply the equilibrium constants together.
Reaction 1: Reaction 2:
K1K2
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Property 2: Adding Two Reactions and the Equilibrium Constant
If we add two or more reactions together to get a new reaction, multiply the equilibrium constants together.Reaction 1: Reaction 2:
The new equilibrium constant K3 = K1 K2
K1K2K3
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Property 3: Multiplying Coefficients by a Factor and the Equilibrium Constant
If we multiply the coefficients in a reaction by a factor, the new equilibrium constant K is the original value raised to the power equal to that factor.
Original rxn:
Mult by factor of 4: K
K4
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Property 3: Multiplying Coefficients by a Factor and the Equilibrium Constant
We do the same thing if the factor is a fraction… the new equilibrium constant K is still the original value raised to the power equal to that factor.
Original rxn:
Divide coeff by 4:
K
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Example 1: Reversing the Reaction and the Value of K
For the reaction below at a certain temperature,
What is the value for K for the reaction below?
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Example 1 Solution
Original Reaction:
What is the value for K for the reaction or K-1
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Example 2: Adding Two Reactions and the Equilibrium Constant
Add the two reactions below to get a new reaction. Determine the value for the equilibrium constant for the new reaction.Reaction 1: Reaction 2:
K1= 5.1K2 = 0.15
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Example 2 Solution
Add the two reactions below to get a new reaction. Determine the value for the equilibrium constant for the new reaction.Reaction 1: Reaction 2: 2
K1= 5.11K2 = 0.150
K3 = K1 K2 = 5.11 0.150 = 0.767
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Example 3: Multiplying Coefficients by a Factor and the Equilibrium Constant
For the reaction below at a certain temperature,
What is the value for K for the reaction below?
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Example 3: Multiplying Coefficients by a Factor and the Equilibrium Constant
The coefficients were multiplied by
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Next up, ICE Tables and Equilibrium
Calculations (Pt 5)