check list the iiesit t - ri.ufs.br · endemism and high diversity (santos et al. 2004, lucinda et...

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1

The ichthyofauna in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir Tocantins state Brazil

Renata Bartolette1 Carolina Santos Vieira Jamille Ferreira Lima Santos Carlos Danillo Costa Santos Jefferson Santos Vitoacuteria Luduvice Tamires Silva Passos Thiago Drsquoavilla Bruna Oliveira Nascimento Daacuterio Ernesto Fernando Henrique Argolo Alexandre Joseacute Mendonccedila Aguiar Fernanda Argolo Marlene Silva Almeida Pereira Tainara Farias Santos amp Marcelo Fulgecircncio Guedes Brito

Universidade Federal de Sergipe Departamento de Biologia Laboratoacuterio de Ictiologia Avenida Marechal Rondon sn Jardim Rosa Elze CEP 49100-000 Satildeo Cristoacutevatildeo Sergipe Brazil

1 Corresponding author E-mail rbartolettegmailcom

Abstract Five rivers and 13 streams in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins River) were sampled in 5 expeditions A total of 194 fish species were recorded and with the Characiformes and Siluriformes predominant following the observed pattern for the Neotropical region As expected the families with greater richness were Characidae Loricariidae and Cichlidae Three species listed as Endangered were collected Mylesinus paucisquamatus Jeacutegu amp Santos 1988 Melanorivulus litteratus (Costa 2010) and Paratrygon aiereba (Muumlller amp Henle 1841)

Key words Species inventory fish fauna Neotropical Region Amazon Basin Characiformes Siluriformes endangered species

INTRODUCTION

The Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna is the most diversi-fied in the world with 5700 species and many more being described every year (Albert amp Reis 2011) Brazil has the highest diversity of Neotropical freshwater fishes in the world and this great biodiversity is related to the high species rich-ness and endemism in many groups (Abell et al 2008)

The Tocantins river basin is one of the most important hydro-graphic regions of Brazil by containing both a high degree of endemism and high diversity (Santos et al 2004 Lucinda et al 2007 Abell et al 2008) The Lajeado dam (Luis Eduardo Magalhatildees Hydroelectric Plant) is in the transition between the upper and middle Tocantins River municipality of Miracema do Tocantins Tocantins state Lajeado dam was completed in October 2001 and formed a large reservoir with 630 km2 180 km long 88 m mean depth After the dam was finished the hydrology was permanently changed which influences the aquatic fauna including fishes (Lucinda et al 2007)

Recent estimates indicate approximately 520 fish species with nearly 30 endemic to the Tocantins basin (Lima amp Caires 2011) and most of these species is closely related to the Amazon basin especially in the lower course (Goulding

et al 2003 Lima amp Caires 2011) The Tocantins River ichthyo-fauna is relatively well known when compared with the fish fauna of other Amazonian subsystems however many species remain unknown to science or await formal description (Lima amp Caires 2011 Lucinda et al 2007) During this decade 15 species were described from the basin Anablepsoides tocan-tinensis (Costa 2010) Geophagus neambi Lucinda Lucena amp Assis 2010 Geophagus sveni Lucinda Lucena amp Assis 2010 Hasemania kalunga Bertaco amp Carvalho 2010 Melanorivulus jalapensis (Costa 2010) Sternarchorhynchus axelrodi San-tana ampVari 2010 Pimelodus luciae Rocha amp Ribeiro 2010 Xyliphius anachoretes Figueiredo amp Britto 2010 Moenkhau-sia aurantia Bertaco Jerep amp Carvalho 2011 Moenkhausia dasalmas Bertaco Jerep amp Carvalho 2011 Ctenocheirodon pristis Malabarba amp Jerep 2012 Leporinus santosi Britski amp Birindelli 2013 Hyphessobrycon diastatos Dagosta Marinho amp Camelier 2014 Serrapinnus aster Malabarba amp Jerep 2014 Serrapinnus lucindai Jerep amp Malabarba 2014

In the last years the upper and middle Tocantins river basin has suffered severe alterations from the installation of hydro-electric plants As result the presence of these dams altered the natural dynamics of the river and the structure of fish com-munities (Meacuterona et al 2010) Thus the knowledge of fish species richness and their distribution throughout the basin become necessary for their management and conservation The present study evaluates the fish species richness of the upper-middle Tocantins River in the region of influence of the Lajeado Hydroelecric Power Plant (HPP) in Tocantins Brazil

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Study site

The Tocantins river basin is composed by the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers draining an area of 767000 km2 of which 343000 km2 corresponds to the Tocantins River 382000 km2 to the Araguaia River and 42000 km2 to the Itacaiuacutenas

Check List 13(3) 2156 28 June 2017 httpsdoiorg10155601332156ISSN 1809-127X copy 2017 Check List and Authors

313

215628 June 2017

Lists of species

Bartolette et al | Ichthyofauna in the Lajeado Reservoir Brazil

Check List | wwwbiotaxaorgcl Volume 13 | Issue 3 | Article 2156 2

Figure 1 Map of the study area showing the sampling sites (black dots) in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins river basin) Tocantins state Brazil

River (major tributary of the lower course of Tocantins River) (Meacuterona et al 2010) The Tocantins River drains an approxi-mated area of 343000 km2 and the headwaters are in the Serra dos Pirineus Goiaacutes state in sedimentary terrains of the Brazil-ian Shield The river flows for 2500 km in a south to north direction through Goiaacutes Tocantins and Maranhatildeo states and drains into the Paraacute River at Beleacutem Paraacute state (Tundisi 2006 Meacuterona et al 2010)

The rainy season occurs during October to April with tem-peratures ranging between 24 and 28 degC while the dry season occurs between May and September with temperatures vary-ing from 28 to 35 degC The period from November to March records the highest rainfall rates corresponding to 70 of the total annual rainfall (Tundisi 2006)

The present study was carried out at the reservoir behind the Lajeado dam as well as rivers and streams under the influence



of this dam which is located in the uppermiddle portion of the Tocantins river basin (09deg47ʹ S 048deg02ʹ W)

Data collection

The study is based on five expeditions made over 2 years (August 2013 and October 2013 May 2014 and November 2014 May 2015) in 5 rivers and 13 streams situated across the upper and middle Tocantins River (Fig 1 Table 1) using active (drag flue and sieve) and passive (angler and gill nets) fishing gear The fishes were collected under permit collection ICMBio 44048-2 Naturatins 2175-2015The specimens captured by active fishing gear were anes-thetized with eugenol and fixed in 10 formalin Specimens collected with passive fishing gear were conditioned in ice studied at the Universidade Federal de Tocantins (UFT) Spe-cies were identified using available literature keys and the help of specialists The taxonomic classification follows Reis et al (2003) and Eschmeyer amp Fong (2016) Voucher specimens were fixed in 10 formalin preserved in alcohol 70degGL and deposited in the fish collection of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe (CIUFS) Sergipe state Brazil

RESULTS

In this study 194 species were recorded belonging to 10 orders and 38 families (Figs 2 3 Table 2)

The most representative orders were Characiformes (55) Siluriformes (26) Perciformes (8) and Clupeiformes and Myliobatiformes (3) The remaining orders correspond to 5 of the total species The predominance of Characidae (25) Loricariidae (9) Cichlidae (7) Anostomidae (6) Pimelodidae (6) and Serrasalmidae (5) was verified Among all the species captured 98 were exclusive to active fishing gear 51 of passive fishing gear and 45 common to both capture methods (Table 2)

Among the species captured Mylesinus paucisquamatus Melanorivulus litteratus and Paratrygon aiereba are consid-ered threatened according to MMA (2014) Non-native species were not captured

DISCUSSION

The ichthyofauna in this study shows a similar composition with that recorded from the Amazon basin This is expected because the Tocantins River is one of the main tributaries of the lower Amazon (Rossetti amp Valeriano 2007) In this study 194 species were recorded This number corresponds to approximately 40 of 520 species estimated for the Tocantins basin (Lima amp Caires 2011) A previous study in the upper-

Table 1 Watercourse municipality and geographical coordinates (altitude and longitude) from the sampling sites in the upper-middle Tocantins river basin Tocantins state Brazil

Code Sampling sites Municipality Geographic coordinates

Latitude (S) Longitude (W)

BR Bacabinha river Porto Nacional 10deg41rsquo221rdquo 48deg33rsquo111rdquo

BS Birimbau stream Ipueiras 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo

CS Cabareacute stream Porto Nacional 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo

DR Domingos river Ipueiras 11deg03rsquo39rdquo 48deg25rsquo373rdquo

ES Engenho stream Porto Nacional 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo

FS Francisquinha stream Porto Nacional 10deg40rsquo0552rdquo 48deg23rsquo5291rdquo

IS01 Inferno stream 01 Ponte Alta do Bom Jesus 11deg55rsquo328rdquo 46deg15rsquo465rdquo



LS Laje stream Porto Nacional 10deg44rsquo5456rdquo 48deg23rsquo4725rdquo

MS Manbuca stream Monte do Carmo 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo

MAR Manoel Alves river Satildeo Valeacuterio da Natividade 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo

MAS Matanccedila stream Porto Nacional 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo

PS Pecuaacuteria stream Porto Nacional 10deg38rsquo549rdquo 48deg17rsquo525rdquo

RAS Ranheta stream Porto Nacional 10deg45rsquo5374rdquo 48deg23rsquo1743rdquo

ROS Rosaacuterio stream Tocantinia 10deg48rsquo392rdquo 48deg06rsquo58rdquo

SFR Satildeo Francisco river Ipueiras 10deg58rsquo567rdquo 48deg25rsquo257rdquo

SR Surubim river Santa Rosa do Tocantins 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo

TS Titira stream Porto Nacional 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo

TR1 Tocantins river (Brejinho 1) Ipueiras 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo

TR2 Tocantins river (Brejinho ou Brejinho 2) Ipueiras 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo

TR3 Tocantins river (Lajeado) Miracema do Tocantins 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo

TR4 Tocantins river (Sucupira ou Sta Luzia 2) Palmas 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo

TR5 Tocantins river (Canela) Porto Nacional 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo

TR6 Tocantins river (Coacuterrego Alegre) Porto Nacional 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo

TR7 Tocantins river (Carmo) Porto Nacional 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo

TR8 Tocantins river (Sta Luzia 1) Porto Nacional 10deg4rsquo109rdquo 48deg22rsquo557rdquo

TRD01 Tocantins river Downstream 01 Miracema do Tocantins 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo



US Unnamed stream Ipueiras 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo



cies in the upper-middle Tocantins River will increase when new expeditions occur in other environments not yet sampled (eg headwater streams and floodplains) There are species [eg Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch amp Schneider 1801) Cetopsis spp Arapaima gigas (Schinz 1822) Elec-trophorus electricus (Linnaeus 1766] reported from riverine that have not been collected possibly because they require specific fishing gear

The most representative orders were Characiformes and

middle Tocantins River found 343 species in the Lajeado res-ervoir (Lucinda et al 2007) In the upper Tocantins River 288 species were recorded in the Peixe Angical HPP area (Soares et al 2009) and 230 species in the area of influence of Serra da Mesa dam (Bartolette et al 2012) In the lower Tocantins River 217 species were recorded in the Tucuruiacute HPP region (Santos et al 2004) The highest number of species recorded in these studies is associated with a larger number of sample sites and longer periods of study Probably the number of spe-

Figure 2 Fishes Species in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins river basin Tocantins state Brazil (A) Paratrygon aiereba (B) Argonectes robertsi (C) Psectrogaster amazocircnica (D) Prochilodus nigricans (E) Rhaphiodon vulpinus (F) Metynnis hypsauchen (G) Serrasalmus eigen-manni (H) Knodus sp 1 (I) Moenkhausia sp 2 (J) Moenkhausia sp 1 Scale bar = 1 cm



Siluriformes as observed elsewhere in the Tocantins river basin and other Neotropical drainages (Lowe-McConnell 1999) The predominance of Characidae and Loricariidae observed in this study is consistent with the general pattern found by other authors for the Neotropical Region (Reis et al 2003 Buckup et al 2007) Despite the large number of sampled species some families previously recorded from the Tocantins River were not collected in this study Examples are Alestidae Apter-onotidae Arapaimidae Aspredinidae Cetopsidae Clupeidae Gasteropelecidae and Synbranchidae The absence of these and other families from the present study could be associated with a decline of their populations which reinforces the need for conservation (Lima amp Ribeiro 2011)

The use of different fishing methods in this study ensured a

representative sample of local richness and enabled sampling in different types of habitats Results show that the exclusive use of active fishing gear was responsible for the capture of approximately half of the recorded species and was especially effective for the small-bodied ones Therefore the importance of using different fishing gear is evident for a better character-ization of the ichthyofauna (Uieda amp Castro 1999)

The Tocantins River has suffered from anthropic impacts such as expanding agriculture and cattle ranching as well as impoundment behind hydroelectric plants The fragility of this riverrsquos habitats and the life history characters (eg migratory habits short life cycle viviparity) of some species of fishes make them vulnerable to anthropic impacts and 3 species are listed in the Brazilian endangered species list (MMA 2014)

Figure 3 Fishes Species in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins river basin Tocantins state Brazil (A) Auchenipterus nuchalis (B) Hypophthalmus marginatus (C) Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (D) Homodiaetus sp (E) Hypoptopoma gulare (F) Squaliforma emarginata (G) Cichla piquiti (H) Geophagus sveni (I) Hypoclinemus mentalis (J) Colomesus asellus Scale bar = 1 cm



Table 2 List of fish species with voucher specimens collected in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins river basin) Tocan-tins state Brazil 1species captured with active fishing gears 2 species captured with passive fishing gears and 1 2 species captured using both methods

Species Voucher Geographical Coordinates DistributionLatitude (S) Longitude (W)

Order MyliobatiformesPotamotrygonidae

Paratrygon aiereba (Muumlller amp Henle 1841)sup1 2186 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Potamotrygon motoro (Muumlller amp Henle 1841)sup2 1970 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

2018 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR1597 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Potamotrygon orbigny (Castelnau 1855)sup2 1599 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2089 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Potamotrygon sp 1sup2 1596 10deg4rsquo109rdquo 48deg22rsquo557rdquo TR8Potamotrygon sp 2sup2 1595 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4Potamotrygon sp 3sup1 2188 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1

Order ClupeiformesEngraulidae

Anchoviella sp 1sup1 795 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TRD02796 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TRD01

Anchoviella sp 2sup1 788 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TRD02Anchoviella sp 3sup1 755 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TRD01Lycengraulis batesii (Guumlnther 1868)sup2 1228 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

1884 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4Pristigasteridae

Pellona flavipinnis (Valenciennes 1837)sup2 2555 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1Pristigaster cayana Cuvier 1829sup2 1176 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

Order CharaciformesHemiodontidae

Anodus elongatus Agassiz 1829sup1 2070 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7Argonectes robertsi (Langeani 1999)sup1sup2 758 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

765 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021235 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Bivibranchia bimaculata Vari 1985sup1 1958 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR52071 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6

Hemiodus microlepis Kner 1858sup2 1248 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22069 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6

Hemiodus ternetzi Myers 1927sup1 1396 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS031413 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS022094 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch 1794)sup1sup2 731 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TRD021443 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22077 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

ParodontidaeApareiodon machrisi Travassos 1957sup1 1510 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7Apareiodon spsup1 1892 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MTS

CurimatidaeCurimata acutirostris Vari amp Reis 1995sup2 805 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1867 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MARCurimata inornata Vari 1989sup2 1158 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

2185 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71866 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Curimatella dorsalis (Eigenmann amp Eigenmann 1889)sup1sup2 1210 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR31959 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Cyphocharax spiluropsis (Eigenmann amp Eigenmann 1889)sup1sup2 1417 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS021492 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS1512 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

Psectrogaster amazonica Eigenmann amp Eigenmann 1889sup2 1187 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Steindachnerina amazonica (Steindachner 1911)sup1 1496 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS

1949 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR21960 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

ProchilodontidaeProchilodus nigricans Spix amp Agassiz 1829sup1sup2 753 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1247 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR61936 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

AnostomidaeLaemolyta fernandezi Myers 1950sup2 736 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

742 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01Leporellus vitattus Valenciennes 1850sup2 754 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

Continued




Leporinus affinis Guumlnther 1864sup2 737 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011184 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR21394 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03

Leporinus bistriatus Britski 1997sup1 1397 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03Leporinus desmotes Fowler 1914sup2 1162 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6Leporinus friderici (Bloch 1794) sup2 746 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

1192 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3Leporinus sp cf L ortomaculatus Garavello 2000sup1 1392 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03

1412 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS021422 11deg55rsquo328rdquo 46deg15rsquo465rdquo IS01

Leporinus spsup2 757 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011393 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo ISO31934 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Leporinus taeniatus Luumltken 1875sup1sup2 1460 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51882 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR42165 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Leporinus taeniofasciatus Britski 1997sup2 1954 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Leporinus tigrinus Borodin 1929sup2 734 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01Schizodon vittatus (Valenciennes 1850)sup2 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Chilodontidae

Caenotropus labyrinthicus (Kner 1858)sup1sup2 770 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011203 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR72075 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Caenotropus spsup1sup2 820 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021440 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR21935 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

ErythrinidaeHoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Spix amp Agassiz 1829)sup1 2061 10deg58rsquo567rdquo 48deg25rsquo257rdquo SFRHoplias curupira Oyakawa amp Mattox 2009sup1 1411 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS02

1497 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TSHoplias malabaricus (Bloch 1794)sup1sup2 1241 10deg44rsquo5456rdquo 48deg23rsquo4725rdquo LS

2093 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2363 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BS

LebiasinidaePyrrhuliinnae

Pyrrhulina brevis Steindachner 1876sup1 1327 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CS2062 10deg58rsquo567rdquo 48deg25rsquo257rdquo SFR2113 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BS

CtenoluciidaeBoulengerella cuvieri (Spix amp Agassiz 1829)sup1sup2 2091 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

2187 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1AcestrorhynchidaeAcestrorhynchinae

Acestrorhynchus falcatus (Bloch 1794)sup1sup2 1498 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS1508 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR72102 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MS

Acestrorhynchus microlepis (Jardine 1841)sup1sup2 1170 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51442 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

CynodontidaeCynodontinae

Cynodon gibbus (Agassiz 1829)sup2 2182 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1Hydrolycus armatus (Jardine 1841)sup2 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TRD01Rhaphiodon vulpinus Spix amp Agassiz 1829sup1sup2 803 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1237 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6Serrasalmidae

Acnodon normani Gosline 1951sup1sup2 1160 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71466 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Metynnis hypsauchen (Muumlller amp Troschel 1844)sup1sup2 1202 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR61366 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR32085 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Metynnis spsup1sup2 1946 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Mylesinus paucisquamatus Jeacutegu amp Santos 1988sup1sup2 1405 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03

1418 11deg55rsquo328rdquo 46deg15rsquo465rdquo IS01Myleus setiger Muumlller amp Troschel 1844sup1 2183 (10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Table 2 Continued

Continued




Myleus torquatus (Kner 1858)sup2 763 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011306 10deg40rsquo0552rdquo 48deg23rsquo5291rdquo FS1414 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS02

Myloplus rubripinnis (Muumlller amp Troschel 1844)sup1 1165 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR32166 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Serrasalmus eigenmanni Norman 1929sup2 1201 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51877 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1969 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3

Serrasalmus maculatus Kner 1858sup1sup2 1198 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR41215 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3

Serrasalmus rhombeus (Linnaeus 1766)sup2 1874 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5CharacidaeStethaprioninae

Poptella compressa (Guumlnther 1864)sup1 2128 11deg03rsquo39rdquo 48deg25rsquo373rdquo DRAphyocharacinae

Aphyocharax dentatus Eigenmann amp Kennedy 1903sup1 2049 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BS2095 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

CharacinaeExodon paradoxus Muumlller amp Troschel 1844sup1 1458 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

2097 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRGaleocharax gulo Cope 1870sup1sup2 771 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02


Phenacogaster megalostictus Eigenmann 1909sup1 1484 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51865 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1899 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Roeboexodon guyanensis (Puyo 1948)sup1 1501 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51894 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22147 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Roeboides affinis (Guumlnther 1868)sup1sup2 715 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011190 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR42083 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

TetragonopterinaeTetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier 1816sup1sup2 1436 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MTS

1455 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRTetragonopterus chalceus (Spix amp Agassiz 1829)sup1sup2 747 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1217 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR$1873 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Tetragonopterus spsup1 1216 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3Cheirodontinae

Serrapinnus lucindai Jerep amp Malabarba 2014sup1 1298 10deg44rsquo5456rdquo 48deg23rsquo4725rdquo LS1509 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71976 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Serrapinnus sterbai Zarske 2012sup1 1593 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MTSJupiaba clade

Jupiaba citrina Zanata amp Ohara 2009sup1 1297 10deg44rsquo5456rdquo 48deg23rsquo4725rdquo LS1312 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES

Jupiaba elassonaktis (Pereira amp Lucinda 2007)sup1 750 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011357 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR41897 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

PristellinaeHemigrammus ataktos Marinho Dagosta amp Birindelli 2014sup1 1363 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3

1371 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Hemigrammus ora Zarske Le Bail amp Geacutery 2006sup1 1314 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES

1505 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TSHemigrammus sp cf H geislerisup1 1925 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRHemigrammus spsup1 1944 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Ulrey 1894)sup1 1855 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRHyphessobrycon spsup1 773 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR2

1324 10deg45rsquo5374rdquo 48deg23rsquo1743rdquo RAS1974 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Hyphessobrycon stegemanni Geacutery 1961sup1 723 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011459 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR1951 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

Moenkhausia chrysargyrea (Guumlnther 1864)sup1 1233 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR31893 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Table 2 Continued

Continued




Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner 1858)sup1 1464 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51953 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR52081 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR4

Moenkhausia grandisquamis (Muumlller amp Troschel 1845)sup1 1947 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Moenkhausia hysterosticta Lucinda Malabarba amp Benine 2007sup1 1225 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6


Moenkhausia jamesi Eigenmann 1908sup1 1148 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7Moenkhausia mikia Marinho amp Langeani 2010sup1 1864 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

1890 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MARMoenkhausia oligolepis (Guumlnther 1864)sup1 1309 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES

1587 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MTS2103 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MTS

Moenkhausia sp 1sup1 1927 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1941 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Moenkhausia sp 2sup1 1928 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1942 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TTR2

Moenkhausia sp 3sup1 1856 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1898 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR21965 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Moenkhausia sp cf M collettii (Steindachner 1882)sup1 1313 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES1325 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CS1482 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Moenkhausia sp cf M jamesi Eigenmann 1908sup1 1964 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Moenkhausia sp cf M lepidura (Kner 1858)sup1 1449 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2


Astyanax cladeAstyanax elachylepis Bertaco amp Lucinda 2005sup1 2056 10deg48rsquo392rdquo 48deg06rsquo58rdquo ROS

2109 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MSAstyanax goyacensis Eigenmann 1908sup1 776 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

1590 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS2110 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MAS

Astyanax goyanensis (Miranda Ribeiro 1944)sup1 1879 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRCtenobrycon hauxwellianus (Cope 1870)sup1 1365 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3

2050 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo USAphyoditeinae

Microschemobrycon casiquiare Boumlhlke 1953sup1 1483 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51924 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR1945 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

StevardiinaeCreagrutus britskii Vari amp Harold 2001sup1 712 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

1506 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71591 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS

Creagrutus cracentis Vari amp Harold 2001sup1 1358 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR41465 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Creagrutus sp 1sup1 782 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021887 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS1973 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Knodus chapadae (Fowler 1906)sup1 1402 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS031420 11deg55rsquo328rdquo 46deg15rsquo465rdquo IS01

Knodus savannensis Geacutery 1961sup1 1406 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS031423 11deg55rsquo328rdquo 46deg15rsquo465rdquo IS011481 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Knodus sp 1sup1 707 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011304 10deg40rsquo0552rdquo 48deg23rsquo5291rdquo FS1895 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Knodus sp cf K chapadae (Fowler 1906)sup1 1401 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS031502 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS

Knodus sp cf K shinahota Ferreira amp Carvajal 2007sup1 708 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011370 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51963 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Knodus sppsup1 1487 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51592 10deg48rsquo392rdquo 48deg06rsquo58rdquo ROS2054 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MAS

Table 2 Continued

Continued




BryconidaeBryconinae

Brycon pesu Muumlller amp Troschel 1845sup1 1156 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR31359 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR3

Brycon spsup1 2188 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1Salmininae

Salminus hilarii Valenciennes 1850sup1sup2 1150 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR72076 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22179 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1

TriportheidaeTriportheinae

Triportheus albus Cope 1872sup1sup2 1178 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR11204 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71952 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

IguanodectidaeBryconops Clade

Bryconops alburnoides Kner 1858sup1sup2 1155 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51479 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR1320 10deg45rsquo5374rdquo 48deg23rsquo1743rdquo RAS

Bryconops caudomaculatus (Guumlnther 1864)sup1 1513 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR72122 10deg38rsquo549rdquo 48deg17rsquo525rdquo OS2142 11deg03rsquo39rdquo 48deg25rsquo373rdquo DR

Bryconops melanurus (Bloch 1794)sup1 702 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02790 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1310 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ESBryconops sp cf B caudomaculatus (Guumlnther 1864)sup1 1398 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03


CrenuchidaeCharacidiinae

Characidium spsup1 1586 10deg33rsquo426rdquo 48deg32rsquo127rdquo MAS2051 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo US2125 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Order SiluriformesDoradidae

Oxydoras niger (Valenciennes 1821)sup2 818 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02Platydoras costatus (Linnaeus 1758)sup2 1876 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRPterodoras granulosus (Valenciennes 1821)sup2 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

DoradinaeHassar wilderi (Kindle 1895)sup1sup2 767 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

804 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02AuchenipteridaeAuchenipterinae

Ageneiosus inermis (Linnaeus 1766)sup2 1246 09deg47rsquo1554rdquo 48deg22rsquo499rdquo TR31966 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR1240 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1

Ageneiosus ucayalensis Castelnau 1855sup2 1194 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7Auchenipterus nuchalis (Spix amp Agassiz 1829)sup1sup2 1153 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

1878 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2157 10deg48rsquo392rdquo 48deg06rsquo58rdquo ROS

Tocantinsia piresi (Miranda Ribeiro 1920)sup2 1249 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Pimelodidae

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos Valenciennes 1840sup2 2171 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MARHypophthalmus marginatus Valenciennes 1840sup2 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR511deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Pimelodina flavipinnis Steindachner 1876sup2 1251 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes 1840sup2 745 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3

1869 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRPimelodus ornatus Kner 1858sup1sup2 1186 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6

1452 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Pimelodus stewarti Ribeiro Lucena amp Lucinda 2008sup1sup2 739 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02


Pimelodus tetramerus Ribeiro amp Lucena 2006sup1sup2 1222 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71600 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR41601 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3

Table 2 Continued

Continued




Pinirampus pirinampu (Spix amp Agassiz 1829)sup2 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MARPseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus 1766)sup2 819 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

2169 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRSorubim lima (Bloch amp Schneider 1801)sup2 1938 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo US

1967 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRZungaro zungaro (Humboldt 1821)sup2 2170 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

PseudopimelodidaePseudopimelodus bufonius (Valenciennes 1840)sup2 1971 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

HeptapteridaeCetopsorhamdia spsup1 2115 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MSPhenacorhamdia spsup1 1851 10deg41rsquo221rdquo 48deg33rsquo111rdquo BR

2140 11deg03rsquo39rdquo 48deg25rsquo373rdquo DRPimelodella cristata (Muumlller amp Troschel 1849)sup1 711 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

1328 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CS2114 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS

Rhamdia spsup1 2184 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MSTrichomycteridae

VandeliinaeVandellia sp 1sup1 2098 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRVandellia sp 2sup1 2123 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

2130 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Stegophilinae

Homodiaetus spsup1 2079 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2Stegophilus spsup1 1939 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

CallichthyidaeCallichthyinae

Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus 1758)sup2 1197 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4Megalechis thoracata (Valenciennes 1840)sup1 1317 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES

CorydoradinaeAspidoras sp cf A poecilus Nijssen amp Isbruumlcker 1976sup1 1333 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CS

2101 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS2120 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BS

Corydoras spsup1 1931 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2099 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2121 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BS

LoricariidaeHypoptopomatinae

Hypoptopoma gulare Cope 1878sup2 2365 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SROtocinclus hoppei Miranda Ribeiro 1939sup1 1850 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

2100 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2108 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS

LoricariinaeHarttia punctata Rapp Py-Daniel amp Oliveira 2001sup2 1399 11deg55rsquo454rdquo 46deg19rsquo319rdquo IS03Hemiodontichthys sp cf H acipenserinus (Kner 1853)sup2 1883 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRLoricaria sp 1sup1sup2 1368 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3

1871 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3Loricaria sp 2sup1sup2 2106 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MSParaloricaria spsup1 1167 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

1205 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6Rineloricaria lanceolata (Guumlnther 1868)sup1sup2 714 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02


Rineloricaria spsup1sup2 740 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011870 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2174 11deg18rsquo51rdquo 48deg27rsquo16rdquo MAR

Sturisoma spsup2 1875 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SRHypostominae

Hypostomus sp cf H plecostomus (Linnaeus 1758)sup1 2129 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo USHypostomus spsup1 1347 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

1500 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TSPterygoplichthys joselimaianus (Weber 1991)sup2 1968 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5Squaliforma emarginata (Valenciennes 1840)sup1sup2 738 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

1305 10deg40rsquo0552rdquo 48deg23rsquo5291rdquo FS2177 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

AncistrinaeAncistrus sp cf A minutus Fisch-Muller Mazzoni amp Weber 2001sup1 718 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

Table 2 Continued

Continued




Ancistrus spsup1 807 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011499 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS2143 11deg03rsquo39rdquo 48deg25rsquo373rdquo DR

Baryancistrus niveatus (Castelnau 1855)sup2 741 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01817 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR02

Hemiancistrus spsup1 808 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021415 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS02

Order GymnotiformesSternopygidae

Eigenmannia spsup1sup2 1221 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR51352 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2132 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch amp Schneider 1801)sup1 1852 10deg41rsquo221rdquo 48deg33rsquo111rdquo BRRhamphichthyidae

Gymnorhamphichthys spsup1 2052 11deg15rsquo207rdquo 48deg24rsquo421rdquo US2107 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS

GymnodontidaeGymnotus carapo Linnaeus 1758sup1 1329 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CS

Order CyprinodontiformesCynolebiidae

Melanorivulus litteratus (Costa 2005)sup1 1330 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CSMelanorivulus spsup1 2116 11deg02rsquo529rdquo 48deg05rsquo278rdquo MS

2118 11deg08rsquo385rdquo 48deg28rsquo0696rdquo BSPoeciliidaePoeciliinae

Pamphorichthys araguaiensis Costa 1991sup1 1316 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 11deg15rsquo42rdquo ES1364 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3

Incertae sedisSciaenidae

Pachypops fourcroi (Lacepegravede 1802)sup1sup2 717 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR011343 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22181 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1

Pachyurus junki Soares amp Casatti 2000sup1sup2 743 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021213 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR62167 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR6

Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel 1840)sup1sup2 806 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021208 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR61230 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR7

Order CichliformesCichlidaeCichlinae

Aequidens tetramerus (Heckel 1840)sup1 1308 10deg40rsquo0552rdquo 48deg23rsquo5291rdquo FS1493 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS

Cichla piquiti Kullander amp Ferreira 2006sup1sup2 760 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021234 10deg35rsquo508rdquo 48deg24rsquo217rdquo TR71881 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Cichlasoma amazonarum Kullander 1983sup1 1195 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3Crenicichla labrina (Spix amp Agassiz 1831)sup1 2057 10deg48rsquo392rdquo 48deg06rsquo58rdquo ROSCrenicichla lepidota Heckel 1840sup1 713 09deg43rsquo416rdquo 48deg21rsquo339rdquo TDR01

1416 11deg55rsquo38rdquo 46deg17rsquo511rdquo IS021494 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TS

Crenicichla saxatilis (Linnaeus 1758)sup1 1495 10deg49rsquo09rdquo 48deg36rsquo425rdquo TSCrenicichla spsup1 1332 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CSGeophagus neambi Lucinda Lucena amp Assis 2010sup1sup2 1858 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

2096 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR32119 10deg38rsquo549rdquo 48deg17rsquo525rdquo OS

Geophagus sveni Lucinda Lucena amp Assis 2010sup1sup2 2087 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR42160 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Laetacara dorsigera (Heckel 1840)sup1 1331 10deg49rsquo293rdquo 48deg21rsquo4921rdquo CSRetroculus lapidifer (Castelnau 1855)sup1sup2 1220 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo TR3

1857 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR2178 10deg58rsquo1795rdquo 48deg31rsquo044rdquo TR1

Satanoperca acuticeps (Heckel 1840)sup1 1168 10deg28rsquo222rdquo 48deg25rsquo444rdquo TR61584 10deg14rsquo458rdquo 48deg25rsquo103rdquo TR5

Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel 1840)sup2 799 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021319 10deg38rsquo5172rdquo 48deg23rsquo2598rdquo ES2137 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR2

Table 2 Continued

Continued




Order PleuronectiformesAchiridae

Hypoclinemus mentalis (Guumlnther 1862)sup1sup2 706 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021211 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR51868 11deg15rsquo42rdquo 48deg26rsquo56rdquo SR

Order TetraodontiformesTetraodontidae

Colomesus asellus (Muumlller amp Troschel 1849)sup1sup2 696 09deg45rsquo51rdquo 48deg21rsquo530rdquo TDR021342 10deg58rsquo3931rdquo 48deg31rsquo3453rdquo TR22159 10deg05rsquo4251rdquo 48deg22rsquo2176rdquo TR4

Table 2 Continued

Mylesinus paucisquamatus is a reophilic species endemic to the Tocantins river basin that occurs in lotic stretches of rapids (Jegu et al 2008 Lima amp Caires 2011 Claro-Garcia amp Shi-bata 2013) Melanorivulus litteratus is a small fish that inhabits shallow waters (20 cm deep) along the margins of rivers and streams (Costa 2005 2006) Paratrygon aiereba presents a wide geographic range in various aquatic habitats of the Ama-zon basin (Carvalho et al 2003) and exhibits low fecundity late maturation and slow growth (Arauacutejo et al 2004)

Lucinda et al (2007) discussed the poor taxonomic knowl-edge of the ichthyofauna in upper-middle Tocantins river basin and recognized that many species were unknown or exhibited taxonomic and nomenclatural problems Thus some species recorded in this study as new in the Lajeado reservoir area could be among those species mentioned by Lucinda et al (2007) as taxonomically unknown for example Potamotry-gon motoro Leporinus bistriatus and Pimelodus stewarti Most characids included in morphotypes by these authors were recently described as Serrapinnus lucindai Serrapinnus ster-bai Jupiaba citrina Hemigrammus ataktos Moenkhausia hysterosticta and Moenkhausia mikia

Although discussed above some species listed in this study were actually new records because expeditions were carried out in unsampled and different habitats in the upper-middle Tocan-tins river basin Among species of the order Characiformes we can cite Anodus elongatus Bivibranchia bimaculata Hoplias curupira Myloplus rubripinnis Roeboexodon guyanensis Brycon pesu and other small characids In Siluriformes were new records for Ageneiosus inermis Pseudopimelodus bufo-nius Megalechis thoracata Hypoptopoma gulare Harttia punctata and Squaliforma emarginata and in Cichliformes Cichla piquiti Cichlasoma amazonarum Laetacara dorsig-era Geophagus neambi and Geophagus sveni

Many of the recorded species have uncertain taxonomic status showing that the ichthyofauna of the upper-middle Tocantins River is still unknown although well sampled This reflects the high species richness and endemism of fishes in Neotropical Region (Abell et al 2008 Albert amp Reis 2011) due to the evolutionary processes that led to the great diversity of these species (Castro 1999)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Paula Morais (Universidade Federal do Tocantins-UFT) for coordinating the projects that gave rise to data this study We are also grateful to Laboratoacuterio de Microbiologia

Ambiental e Biotecnologia (Lambio-UFT) for logistic support Universidade Federal de Sergipe for structural support Renata Bartolette is grateful to FAPITEC for the research fellowship provided (8647DCR3212264630122013)

LITERATURE CITED

Abell R MLThieme C Revenga M Bryer M Kottelat N Bogutskaya B Coad N Mandrak SC Balderas W Bus-sing WLJ Stiassny P Skelton GR Allen P Unmack A Naseka RNG Sindorf NJ Robertson E Armijo JV Hig-gins TJ Heibel E Wikramanayake D Olson HL Loacutepez RE Reis JG Lundberg MHS Peacuterez amp P Petry 2008 Fresh-water ecoregions of the world a new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation BioScience 58 403ndash414 httpsdoiorg1016410006-3568(2008)58[464nt]20co2

Albert JS amp RE Reis 2011 Historical biogeography of Neotropical freshwater fishes London University of California Press 408 pp

Arauacutejo MLG P Charvet-Almeida MP Almeida amp H Pereira 2004 Freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygonidae) status conserva-tion and challenges AC-20 Informative 8 1ndash6

Bartolette R R Souza-Lima CAA Figueiredo DF Moraes Jr amp EP Caramaschi 2012 Composiccedilatildeo taxonocircmica da ictio-fauna da aacuterea da UHE Serra da Mesa pp 53ndash90 in R Mazzoni EP Caramaschi amp R Iglesias-Rios (eds) Usina Hidreleacutetrica de Serra da Mesamdash15 anos de estudos da ictiofauna do Alto Tocan-tins Rio de Janeiro Furnas Centrais Eleacutetricas SA

Buckup PA NA Menezes amp MS Ghazzi 2007 Cataacutelogo dos peixes marinhos e de aacutegua doce do Brasil Rio de Janeiro Museu Nacional 196 pp

Carvalho MR NR Lovejoy amp RS Rosa 2003 Potamotrygoni-dae (river stingrays) pp 22ndash28 in RE Reis SO Kullander amp CJ Ferraris (eds) Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America Porto Alegre EDIPUCRS

Castro RMC 1999 Evoluccedilatildeo da ictiofauna de riachos sul-americanos padrotildees gerais e possiacuteveis processos causais in EP Caramaschi R Mazzoni amp PR Peres-Neto (eds) Ecologia de peixes de Riachos estado atual e perspectivas Oecologia Brasil-iensis 4 139-155 httpsdoiorg104257oeco19980401

Claro-Garciacutea A amp OA Shibatta 2013 Fish of streams from the upper River Tocantins basin Brazil Check List 9 28ndash33 httpsdoiorg10155609128

Costa W JEM 2005 Seven new species of the killifish genus Rivulus (Cyprinodontiformes Rivulidae) from the Paranaacute Paraguay and upper Araguaia river basins central Brazil Neotropical Ichthyol-ogy 3 69-82 httpsdoiorg101590s1679-62252004000100002

Costa WJEM 2006 Relationships and taxonomy of the killifish genus Rivulus (Cyprinodontiformes Aplocheiloidei Rivulidae) from the Brazilian Amazonas River basin with notes on historical ecology Aqua 11133ndash176

Eschmeyer WN amp JD Fong 2016 Species of fishes by



familysubfamily Accessed at httpresearchcalacademyorgredirecturl=httpresearcharchivecalacademyorgresearchIchthyologycatalogfishcatmainasp January 2016

Goulding M R Barthem amp EJG Ferreira 2003 The Smithson-ian atlas of the Amazon Washington DC Smithsonian Books 256 pp

Jeacutegu M MP Albrecht amp GM Santos 2008 Mylesinus paucisquamatus Jeacutegu amp Santos 1988 pp 82ndash83 in ABM Machado GM Drummond amp P Paglia (eds) Livro vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaccedilada de extinccedilatildeo Brasiacutelia Ministeacuterio do Meio Ambiente Fundaccedilatildeo Biodiversitas

Lima FCT amp RA Caires 2011 Peixes da Estaccedilatildeo Ecoloacutegica Serra Geral do Tocantins bacias dos Rios Tocantins e Satildeo Francisco com observaccedilotildees sobre as implicaccedilotildees biogeograacuteficas das ldquoaacuteguas emendadasrdquo dos Rios Sapatildeo e Galheiros Biota Neotropica 11 231ndash250 httpsdoiorg101590s1676-06032011000100024

Lima FCT amp AC Ribeiro 2011 Continental-scale tectonic controls of biogeography and ecology pp 145ndash164 in JS Albert amp RE Reis (eds) Historical biogeography of Neotropical freshwater fishes Berkeley University of California Press

Lowe-Mcconnell RH 1999 Estudos ecoloacutegicos de comunidades de peixes tropicais Satildeo Paulo EDUSP 584 pp

Lucinda PHF CS Agostinho amp RJD Oliveira 2007 Fish Lajeado reservoir rio Tocantins drainage state of Tocantins Bra-zil Check List 3 70ndash83 httpsdoiorg10155603270

Meacuterona BJL AA Juras GM Santos amp IHA Cintra 2010 Os peixes e a pesca no baixo Rio Tocantins vinte anos depois da UHE Tucuruiacute Beleacutem Eletronorte 215 pp

MMA (Ministeacuterio do Meio Ambiente) 2014 Portaria nordm 4452014 de 18 de dezembro de 2014 Lista Nacional Oficial de Espeacutecies da Fauna Ameaccediladas de ExtinccedilatildeomdashPeixes e Invertebrados Aquaacuteti-cos Diaacuterio Oficial da Uniatildeo 256 126ndash130

Nogueira C PA Buckup NA Menezes OT Oyakawa TP Kas-ecker MB Ramos Neto amp CJM da Silva 2010 Restrictedndashrange fishes and the conservation of Brazilian freshwaters PLoS ONE 5 e11390 httpsdoiorg101371journalpone0011390

Polaz CNM BF Melo R Britzke EK Resende FA Mach-ado JAF Lima amp M Petrere-Jr 2014 Fishes from the Parque Nacional do Pantanal Matogrossense upper Paraguai River basin Brazil Check List 10 122ndash130 httpsdoiorg1015560101122

Ramos TPA RTC Ramos amp SAQA Ramos 2014 Ichthyofauna of the Parnaiacuteba river basin northeastern Brazil Biota Neotropica 14 11ndash18 httpsdoiorg101590s1676-06020140039

Reis RE SO Kullander amp C Ferraris Jr 2003 Checklist of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America Porto Alegre EDIPUCRS Porto Alegre 729 pp

Rossetti DF amp MM Valeriano 2007 Evolution of the low-est Amazon basin modeled from the integration of geological and SRTM topographic data Catena 70 253ndash265 httpsdoiorg101016jcatena200608009

Santos EP 1994 A eficiecircncia da pesca Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 21 71ndash74

Santos GM AA Juras B Merona amp M Jegu 2004 Peixes do baixo rio Tocantins 20 anos depois da Usina Hidreleacutetrica Tucuruiacute Brasiacutelia Eletronorte 215 pp

Soares AB CS Agostinho PHF Lucinda amp A Akama 2009 Diversidade de peixes na aacuterea de influecircncia da barragem de Peixe Angical antes e apoacutes a formaccedilatildeo do reservatoacuterio pp 15ndash27 in CS Agostinho FM Pelicice amp EE Marques (eds) Reser-vatoacuterio de Peixe Angical bases ecoloacutegicas para o manejo da ictio-fauna Satildeo Carlos RiMa

Torrente-Vilara G LJ Queiroz amp WM Ohara 2013 Um breve histoacuterico sobre o conhecimento da fauna de peixes do Rio Madeira pp 19ndash45 in LJ Queiroz G Torrente-Vilara WM Ohara THS Pires J Zuanon amp CRC Doria Peixes do Rio Madeira Satildeo Paulo Santo Antocircnio Energia S A

Tundisi JEM 2006 Indicadores da qualidade da bacia hidrograacutefica para gestatildeo integrada dos recursos hiacutedricos Estudo de caso Bacia hidrograacutefica do meacutedio TocantinsTO [PhD thesis] Satildeo Paulo Uni-versidade Federal de Satildeo Carlos 152 pp

Uieda VS amp RMC Castro 1999 Coleta e fixaccedilatildeo de peixes de ria-chos in EP Caramaschi R Mazzoni amp PR Peres-Neto (eds) Ecologia de Peixes de Riachos Estado Atual e Perspectivas Oeco-logia Brasiliensis 4 1-12 httpsdoiorg104257oeco19980401

Authorsrsquo contributions RB CSV JFLS CDCS JSVL TSP TD BON DE FHA FA and MFGB collected the date All authors ana-lyzed the date RB CSV and MFGB took pictures and wrote the text

Received 29 June 2016Accepted 3 May 2017Academic editor Gabriela Echevarria



Figure 1 Map of the study area showing the sampling sites (black dots) in the influence area of the Lajeado reservoir (upper-middle Tocantins river basin) Tocantins state Brazil

River (major tributary of the lower course of Tocantins River) (Meacuterona et al 2010) The Tocantins River drains an approxi-mated area of 343000 km2 and the headwaters are in the Serra dos Pirineus Goiaacutes state in sedimentary terrains of the Brazil-ian Shield The river flows for 2500 km in a south to north direction through Goiaacutes Tocantins and Maranhatildeo states and drains into the Paraacute River at Beleacutem Paraacute state (Tundisi 2006 Meacuterona et al 2010)

The rainy season occurs during October to April with tem-peratures ranging between 24 and 28 degC while the dry season occurs between May and September with temperatures vary-ing from 28 to 35 degC The period from November to March records the highest rainfall rates corresponding to 70 of the total annual rainfall (Tundisi 2006)

The present study was carried out at the reservoir behind the Lajeado dam as well as rivers and streams under the influence




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