charrette: main and king streets js
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
1
Northampton Main/King Charrette
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates
2
Overbuilt streets cause speeding
3
Planning for pedestrian safety: Principles
Leaf, W. and Preusser, D. Literature Review on Vehicle Travel Speeds and Pedestrian Injuries
Among Selected Racial/Ethnic Groups, NHTSA (USA), 1999.
4
Wide Streets Are Less Safe
Street widths and injury accident rate, graphic by Peter Swift
5
Seattle Conversions (4 to 3 Lane)
Roadway Date ADT ADT Collision
Location Change Before After Reduction
Greenwood Ave N
N 80th St to N 50th
N 45th Street
Wallingford Area
8th Ave NW
Ballard Area
Martin Luther King Jr W
North of I 90
Dexter Ave N
Queen Ann Area
24th Ave NW
NW 85th to NW 65thOct-95 9727 9754
14 to 10
28%
Jun-91 13606 1494919 to 16
59%
Jan-94 12336 1316115 to 6
60%
Jan-94 10549 1185818 to 7
61%
Dec-72 19421 2027445 to 23
49%
Apr-95 11872 1242724 to 10
58%
6
Taking a Road Diet
7
Seattle Conversions (4 to 3 Lane)
Roadway Date ADT ADT Collision
Location Change Before After Reduction
Greenwood Ave N
N 80th St to N 50th
N 45th Street
Wallingford Area
8th Ave NW
Ballard Area
Martin Luther King Jr W
North of I 90
Dexter Ave N
Queen Ann Area
24th Ave NW
NW 85th to NW 65thOct-95 9727 9754
14 to 10
28%
Jun-91 13606 1494919 to 16
59%
Jan-94 12336 1316115 to 6
60%
Jan-94 10549 1185818 to 7
61%
Dec-72 19421 2027445 to 23
49%
Apr-95 11872 1242724 to 10
58%
8
Greenwood Avenue: 12,000 cars per day
9
Dexter Ave: 15,000 cars per day
10
45th Street in Wallingford: 20,000 cars per day
11
To a driver:
To an economist:
LOS F
LOS A
LOS A
LOS F
Measuring Success
12
Cars on a street
Why Plan for other Modes?
13
People in Cars
Why Plan for Other Modes?
14
People on a bus
So You Can Drive
15
People on bikes
So You Can Drive
16
Measuring Success
17
School
Shop
PlayWork
PP
P
P
PP
T TT T
TTT
TTT
T
T
Conventional Development
18
Mixed-Use District
School
Work
Play
Shop
P
TT
Results:
<½ the parking
<½ the land area
¼ the arterial trips
1/6th the arterial turning movements
<¼ the vehicle miles travelled
19
How land-use affects travel demand
20
How land-use affects travel demand
21
One Square Mile
One Square Mile, Contemporary development pattern, Irvine, CA
(Jacobs, Allan, Great Streets, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA)
One Square Mile, Traditional development pattern, Portland OR
22
One Square Mile
One Square Mile, Northampton today
(Jacobs, Allan, Great Streets, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA)
One Square Mile, Traditional development pattern, Portland OR
23
Poor Parking Availability Produces Traffic Congestion
Every parking space is a magnet for
cars. Why provide more parking than
you have traffic capacity to access that
parking?
Poorly managed parking results in
motorists circling for a parking space,
from 8 to 74% of traffic in many
downtowns.
Eliminating just 10% of vehicles from
any congested location makes traffic
free flowing.
Sources: “Cruising for Parking,” Don Shoup, 2006.
24
$20,000$20,000
$20,000
$20,000
$20,000$20,000$20,000
$20,000$20,000$20,000
$20,000
$20,000$20,000$20,000$20,000$20,000$20,000$20,000 $20,000$20,000$20,000
$20,000$20,000$20,000$20,000
$20,000
Parking Wastes Money
25
What Land Value Are We Losing?
Parking Space10’ x 20’ = 200 ft2Bedroom 9’ x 11’ = 99 ft2
Office Cubicle8’ x 9’ = 72 ft2
Restaurant Table5’ x 5’ = 25 ft2
26
Boulder CO: TOD Without the Rails
Source: Will Toor & Spenser Havlick
27
Boulder’s strategies
No nonresidential parking requirements
Public garages – 84% funded by parking fees
Employee benefits: free universal transit pass (Eco-Pass); Guaranteed Ride Home; ride-matching services; bicycle parking, etc.
Eco-Pass: reduces commuter parking demand by 850 spaces
28
Multi-Use Path System
Source: Will Toor & Spenser Havlick
29
A New Bike Culture
Source: Will Toor & Spenser Havlick
30
Boulder: Results
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
Drive Alone
Carpool
Bus
Walked & Biked
Multi-Mode & Other
31
How to Apply These Ideas Here?
32
Medford, MA
33
34
35
36
Barrier to Utilization of
Eastern Spaces
37
PEDESTRIAN LEVEL-OF-SERVICE
AVERAGE
Pedestrian
Delay
A
B
C
D
E
F
Seconds Likelihood of Noncompliance
<10 Low
10-20
21-30 Moderate
31-40
41-60 High
>60 Very High
38
PEDESTRIAN LEVEL-OF-SERVICE
MAXIMUM
Pedestrian
Delay
A
B
C
D
E
F
Seconds Likelihood of Noncompliance
<10 Low
10-20
21-30 Moderate
31-40
41-60 High
>60 Very High
39
SQUARE REDESIGN
Transform
to a
Four Leg
Intersection?
40
PROPOSED DESIGN
NEW DELAY5-MINUTE WALKING AREA
41
42
43
Why not Consider…
Economic Development
• Job creation
• Real estate value increase
• Retail sales
Quality of Life
• Access to jobs
• Access to shopping
• Residential property value
impact
Social Justice
• Do benefits accrue
equitably?
• Are investments spread
equitably?
Ecological Sustainability
• VMT per capita (=CO2,
NOx, runoff, etc.)
• Land use/transportation
connection
Measure what matters
44
Location Matters: Transportation is a Significant Household Expense
45
Where can a 3-person household earning 80% of area
median income live in the Twin Cities?
Considering Housing Costs Housing + Transportation Costs
The Housing & Transportation Costs Trade-Off
46
Housing Costs in Metro Washington, DC
47
Housing & Transportation Costs in Metro Washington, DC
48
49
50
space….
51
52
MAIN STREET CORRIDOR
Northampton Design Charrette
53
54
55
56
57
KING STREET CORRIDOR
Northampton Design Charrette
58
59
60
61
62
63