charles adams, letters of adams

8/14/2019 Charles Adams, letters of adams

1/141

Familiar letters of John Adams and his wife AbigailAdams, during the revolution ([c1875]

Author!Adams, John, 1735-1826;Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818;Adams, Charles Francis, 1807-1886"ublisher!os!on " #o$gh!on, %i&&lin and Co'"ossible co#$right status!()*+(+C)./#*%anguage!nglish&all number!srl&+$cla"A-472624'igitiing s#onsor!%()oo* contributor!niersi! o& Cali&ornia ibraries&ollection!americana;cdl

THE LIBRARY

OF v.

THE UNIVERSITYOF CALIFORNIA

LOS ANGELES

GIFT OF

FAMILIAR LETTERS OF JOHN ADAMS

AND HIS WIFE ABIGAIL ADAMS,

DURING THE REVOLUTION.

MEMOIR OF MRS. ADAMS.

CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS.

NEW YORK:

PUBLISHED BY KURD AND HOUGHTON.

Camb!!"#: C$"# H!%#&'%# P#((.

)*+.

C%-/01!, )*+2,B CHAKLES FRANCIS ADAMS.

RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE:
http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%2C%201735-1826%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%2C%201735-1826%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20Abigail%2C%201744-1818%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20Abigail%2C%201744-1818%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20Charles%20Francis%2C%201807-1886%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=publisher%3A%22Boston%20%3A%20Houghton%2C%20Mifflin%20and%20Co.%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=publisher%3A%22Boston%20%3A%20Houghton%2C%20Mifflin%20and%20Co.%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=(language%3Aeng%20OR%20language%3A%22English%22)http://www.archive.org/details/msn_bookshttp://www.archive.org/details/university_of_california_librarieshttp://www.archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%22americana%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%22cdl%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%22cdl%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20Abigail%2C%201744-1818%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20Charles%20Francis%2C%201807-1886%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=publisher%3A%22Boston%20%3A%20Houghton%2C%20Mifflin%20and%20Co.%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=(language%3Aeng%20OR%20language%3A%22English%22)http://www.archive.org/details/msn_bookshttp://www.archive.org/details/university_of_california_librarieshttp://www.archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%22americana%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%22cdl%22http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Adams%2C%20John%2C%201735-1826%22


2/141

STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BT

H. 3. HOUGHTO4 AND COMPACT.

C%55#0#L/ba

PEEFACE.

THIRTY6FIVE #a( a0% a 7%55#7!/%8 %' 5#!!#(&/!!#8 9/80 !1# -#/%9 %' !1# R#v%5!/%8 a895a!#, b J%18 A9am( a89 1/( &/'#, Ab/0a/5 A9am(,7am# /8!% m 1a89(. T1# /8!##(!#9 m# (% m71!1a! I !1%01! !1# m/01! -%((/b5 /8!##(! %!1#(a5(%, #(-#7/a55 !1# 0%&/80 0#8#a!/%8( 8%! 'am/5/a

&/!1 !1# 1/(!% %' !1# -#(%8( a89 #v#8!( 7%88#7!#9&/!1 !1# 0#a! (!005#. T1# #(5! &a( a8 #;-#/6m#8! /8 -b5/ 7a!/%8, '/(!, %' a (#5#7!/%8 '%m !1#5#!!#( %' M(. A9am( a99#((#9 !% 1# 1(ba89 #!1# &%9( %' a %a5 S%v##/08 < a89 8%! 5#(( a--5/7ab5# !% 1/m&1% /( /8v#(!#9 &/!1 !1# C1/#' Ma0/(!a7 %' a 8a!/%8, !1%01 1#a 8%! a 7%&8, 8% !1# %b#( %' %a5!.

M !1%01!( a89 m m#9/!a!/%8( a# &/!1 %, !1%01 -#6(%8a55 ab(#8! < a89 m -#!/!/%8( !% H#av#8 a# !1a! !1#!1/80( &1/71 ma=# '% -#a7# ma 8%! b# 1/99#8 '%m %##(. M '##5/80( a# 8%! !1%(# %' -/9# % %(!#8!a!/%8 -%8!1# %77a(/%8. T1# a# (%5#m8/@#9 b a (#8(# %' !1# %b5/0a6!/%8(, !1# /m-%!a8! !(!(, a89 8m#%( 9!/#( 7%88#7!#9 &/!1/!. T1a! % ma b# #8ab5#9 !% 9/(71a0# !1#m &/!1 1%8% !%%(#5', &/!1 "(!/7# a89 /m-a!/a5/! !% % 7%8!, a89 &/!1(a!/('a7!/%8 !% !1/( 0#a! -#%-5#, (1a55 b# !1# 9a/5 -a# %'% A. A.

A! !1/( !/m# !1# 1#a5!1 %' M(. A9am(, &1/71 1a9 8#v#b##8 v# '/m, b#0a8 9#7/9#95 !% 'a/5. H# #(/9#87# a!P1/5a9#5-1/a 1a9 8%! b##8 'av%ab5#, a( /! 1a9 (b"#7!#9 1# !%!1# a!!a7= %' a8 /8!#m/!!#8! '#v#, '%m !1# #''#7!( %' &1/71(1# &a( 8#v# a'!#&a9( -#'#7!5 '##. T1# 9#(/# !% #8"%!1# ba7/80 a/ %' 1# 8a!/v# 75/ma!#, a( 7 a( !% =##- !%60#!1# !1# -/va!# -%-#! %' 1# 1(ba89, -%8 &1/71 (1##a5 '%#(a& !1a! 1# &%59 b# %b5/0#9 !% #5 '% !1#/ (--%!

MEMOIR. ;;v//

/8 !1#/ 5a(! #a(, -%m-!#9 1# !% #(/9#, m71 %' !1# !/m#,a! /87. S71 &a( !1# 8am# 8%& 0/v#8 !% !1a! -a! %' !1#a87/#8! !%&8 %' Ba/8!## /8 &1/71 (1# 1a9 a5&a( 5/v#9. Y#!&1#8 a! !1# (#a! %' 0%v#8m#8!, &1#!1# /8 P1/5a9#5-1/a %Wa(1/80!%8, !1# /8'5#87# %' 1# =/895 '##5/80( a89 71##'5!#m-# 9/9 m71 !% (%'!#8 !1# a(-#/!/#( %' !1# !/m#. O' 1##a5 (#8!/m#8!( %' M. J#''#(%8 (1# 1a( 0/v#8 ma8 -%%'( /81# 5a!# 7%#(-%89#87# < (#8!/m#8!( &1/71 (1# 9/9 #v#!1/80/8 1# -% !% ma/8!a/8 - !% !1# 5a(! m/8!# %' !1#/ /8!#67%(#, a89 &1/71 (1# a5/'/#9 %85 '% #a(%8( 0/v#8 v# 'a8=5!% 1/m(#5' a! a 5a!# -#/%9, &1#8 1# ##(!#9 !% =8%& !1#m.

I8 !1# m/9(! %' -b5/7 % -/va!# !%b5#(, !1# b%a8! (-//! %'M(. A9am( 8#v# '%(%%= 1#. I am a m%!a5 #8#m, (1#


21/141

&/!#( -%8 %8# %77a(/%8 !% 1# 1(ba89, !% a8!1/80 b! a71##'5 7%8!#8a87# a89 a m# 1#a!, &1/71, S%5%m%8 !#55( (,9%#( 0%%9 5/=# a m#9/7/8#. T1/( (-//! 7%8!/b!#9 0#a!5 !%5/'! - 1/( 1#a!, &1#8 (%89#9 b 9/''/75!/#( a89 9a80#,#;-%(#9 !% %-#8 1%(!/5/! a89 (#7#! 9#!a7!/%8, a89 a(/(!/80a !%#8! %' /8v#7!/v# (71 a( /! ma 7 b# 9%b!#9 &1#!1#

a8 %!1# /89/v/9a5 /8 -b5/7 (!a!/%8 /8 !1# U8/!#9 S!a!#( 1a(#v# !/#9 !% (!#m. I! &a( !1/( (-//! &1/71 (%%!1#9 1/(&%89#9 '##5/80(, &1#8 !1# 7%8! &1/71 1# 1a9 (#v#9 /8!1# '55 7%8(7/%(8#(( %' !1# -#'#7! 1%8#(! %' 1/( m%!/v#(!1#& 1/m %'', a89 (/08/'/#9 /!( -#'##87# '% %!1# (!a!#(m#8.T1## %'!#8 a#, #v#8 /8 !1/( 5/'#, m%# 7%m-#8(a!/%8( '% !1#(#v##(! %' !1# !%b5#( !1a! a''5/7! ma8=/89, !1a8 a# a-!!% !1/8=. I! ma b# #(!/%8#9 &1#!1# M. A9am(( m%#(77#(('5 /va5, &1%, /8 !1# 9a %' 1/( -%, &/#59#9 -%-5ama((#( &/!1 'a 0#a!# (=/55 a89 (77#(( !1a8 1#, #v# #a5/@#9,/8 !1# 1%( %' 1/( (b(##8! #!/#m#8!, a8 7%8(%5a!/%8 '%1/( -#78/a #mbaa((m#8!( 5/=# !1a! &1/71 M. A9am( #86"%#9 '%m !1# 'a/!1'5 9#v%!#98#(( %' 1/( &/'#, a89, /! ma b#

a99#9, !1# (77#(('5 5ab%( %' 1/( (%8.

T1## # ma8 -#(%8(, /8 !1# 5/'#!/m# %' !1# -a!/#(, &1%a(7/b#9 !% M(. A9am( a 9#0## %' /8'5#87# %v# !1# -b5/77%897! %' 1# 1(ba89, 'a 0#a!# !1a8 !1## &a( a8 '%89a6!/%8 '% /8 !!1. P#1a-( /! /( 0/v/80 m%# !1a8 /!( 9# /m6-%!a87# !% !1/( /9#a !% !a=# a8 8%!/7# a! a55 %' /! /8 !1/(-5a7#. B! !1# 9#(/08 %' !1/( M#m%/ /( !% (#! '%!1, /8 a(75#a a 5/01! a( -%((/b5#, !1# 71aa7!# %' /!( (b"#7! < a89 !1/(7a88%! 7 b# 9%8# &/!1%! a '55 #;-5a8a!/%8 %' 1# -#(%8a5#5a!/%8( !% !1%(# ab%! 1#. T1a! 1# %-/8/%8(, #v#8 -%8

;;v/// MEMOIR.

-b5/7 a''a/(, 1a9 a! a55 !/m#( 0#a! /01! &/!1 1# 1(ba89,/( 8#(!/%8ab5 !#, '% 1# '##8!5 ma=#9 -%8 1# 5#!6!#( 1/( !#(!/m%8 !% !1#/ (%5/9/! < b! !1## /( 8% #v/9#87#!1a! !1# #/!1# %/0/8a!#9 % ma!#/a55 a5!##9 a8 -a! %' !1#7%(# 1# 1a9 5a/9 %! '% 1/m(#5'. W1#8#v# (1# 9/''##9 /8(#8!/m#8! '%m 1/m, &1/71 &a( (%m#!/m#( !1# 7a(#, (1# -#6'#7!5 7 89#(!%%9 1# %&8 -%(/!/%8, a89 !1a! !1# b#(! &a%' #7%mm#89/80 1# v/#&( &a( b #8!/# 7%87#((/%8. T1#71aa7!# %' M. A9am( /( 75#a5 v/(/b5# /8 1/( %&8 -a-#(.A9#8!, v#1#m#8! /8 (--%! %' &1a! 1# b#5/#v#9 !% b# /01!,#a(/5 %(#9 !% a80# b %--%(/!/%8, b! (/87##, -5a7ab5#, a890#8#%(, &1#8 ma9# 7%8(7/%( %' 1av/80 7%mm/!!#9 !1# (5/01!#(!&%80, !1## /( 8% /89/v/9a5 %' 1/( !/m# ab%! &1%m !1##a# (% '#& 7%87#a5m#8!( %' #/!1# 'a5!( % v/!#(. S1# &a(7#!a/8 !1a! a &%9 (a/9, 8%! a! !1# m%m#8! %' //!a!/%8, b!/mm#9/a!#5 a'!# /! 1a9 -a((#9, &%59 #7#/v# 0#a! 7%8(/9#a6!/%8 '%m 1/m. S1# !1##'%# &a/!#9 !1# 'av%ab5# !/m#, a89!1(, b !1# 7a5m8#(( %' 1# "90m#8!, #;#7/(#9 a (-#7/#( %'8#0a!/v# /8'5#87#, &1/71 %'!#8 -#v#8!#9 #v/5 7%8(##87#('%m m%m#8!a /89/(7#!/%8. B! 1# -% #;!#89#9 8%'!1#, 8% 9/9 (1# (##= !% ma=# /! 9% (%, a89 /8 !1/( 7%8(/(!#91# -/87/-a5 m#/!. P#1a-( /! ma b# a99#9, !1a! !% m#8 %'a9#8! a89 #;7/!ab5# !#m-#am#8! 8% v/!# /( m%# 8#7#((a/8 a &/'#, a89 8%8# m%# #((#8!/a5 !% !1# 1a--/8#(( a89 -%(6

-#/! %' b%!1 !1# -a!/#(, !1a8 !1a! &1/71 1a( b##8 8%& 9#6(7/b#9.


22/141

F%m !1# #a )*3) 9%&8 !% !1# 9a %' 1# 9#a!1, &1/711a--#8#9 %8 !1# *!1 %' O7!%b#, )*)*, (1# #ma/8#9 8/8!#6-!#95 a! 1%m# /8 /87. T1/( -#/%9 '8/(1#( ab89a87#%' 'am/5/a 5#!!#(. H# /8!##(! /8 -b5/7 a''a/( 9/9 8%! 7#a(#&/!1 !1# #!/#m#8! %' 1# 1(ba89. S1# 7%8!/8#9 !% &/!# !%

1# '/#89( 1# '## %-/8/%8(, b%!1 %' m#8 a89 m#a(#(, -#61a-( &/!1 a m%# ((!a/8#9 1a89 %8 a77%8! %' !1# (1a# 1#(%8 &a( !1#8 !a=/80 /8 -%5/!/7(. B! !1#(# 5#!!#( b/80 (9%&8 !% !/m#( (% #7#8! !1a! !1# 7a ( b#%89 !1# 5/m/!(7%8!#m-5a!#9 /8 !1# -#(#8! -b5/7a!/%8. O8 (%m# a77%8!(,!1/( /( -#1a-( !% b# #0#!!#9. N%8# %' 1# 5#!!#( -#(#8! am%# a0##ab5# -/7!# %' 5/'#, % a m%# 71aa7!#/(!/7 /9#a %'!1#/ a!1%, !1a8 !1#(#. T1# %59 a0# %' M(. A9am( &a( 8%!%8# %' 0/#' a89 #-/8/80, %' 75%9( a89 9a=8#((. H# 71##6'58#(( 7%8!/8#9, &/!1 !1# '55 -%((#((/%8 %' 1# 'a75!/#(, !% !1#5a(! < a89 1# (88 (-//! #85/v#8#9 !1# (ma55 (%7/a5 7/75#

MEMOIR. 44I4

a%89 1#, b/01!#8#9 !1# (%5/!a 1%( %' 1# 1(ba89, a89(-#a9 !1# /8'5#87# %' /!( #;am-5# %v# !1# !%&8 &1## (1#5/v#9. Y#(!#9a, (1# &/!#( !% a 0a899a01!# %8 !1# !1%' O7!%b#, )*), #(!#9a 7%m-5#!#( 1a5' a 7#8! (/87# I#8!##9 !1# ma/#9 (!a!#, !1#8 "(! % a0#. I 1av# 0#a!7a(# %' !1a8='58#((, !1a! I 1av# 5/v#9 (% 5%80 a89 #8"%#9 (%5a0# a -%!/%8 %' 1a--/8#(( a( 1a( b##8 m 5%!. T1# 0#a!#(!(%7# %' 81a--/8#(( I 1av# =8%&8 /8 !1a! -#/%9 1a( a/(#8'%m !1# 5%80 a89 7#5 (#-aa!/%8( &1/71 I &a( 7a55#9, /8 a!/m# %' &a a89 &/!1 a %80 'am/5 a%89 m#, !% (bm/! !%.Y#! (1# 1a9 8%! b##8 &/!1%! 1# 9%m#(!/7 a''5/7!/%8(. A9a01!# 5%(! /8 /8'a87 < a (%8, 0%&8 - !% ma81%%9, &1%9/#9 /8 )*33 < a89, !1/!##8 #a( a'!#&a9(, !1# 9#a!1 %' 1#%85 #ma/8/80 9a01!#, !1# &/'# %' C%5%8#5 W. S. Sm/!1, '68/(1#9 7a(#( %' 9##- a89 (#v## 0/#', &1/71 !1#& a (1a9%&%' (a98#(( %v# !1# #v#8/80 %' 1# 5/'#. B! !1# -%97#98% -#ma8#8! 05%%m, 8% 9/9 !1# -#v#8! 1# '%m #8"%/80!1# 7%8(%5a!/%8( !% b# '%89 /8 0a!/!9# !% !1# D/v/8# B#/80'% !1# b5#((/80( !1a! (!/55 #ma/8#9 !% 1#. S1# &a( #&a9#9'% !1# -a/8'5 (#-aa!/%8 '%m 1# #59#(! (%8, &1#8 1# !ab%a9 /8 !1# -b5/7 (#v/7# 89# 7/7m(!a87#( &1/71 !1#a!6#8#9 a 5%80 ab(#87#, b (v/v/80 !1# &1%5# -#/%9 %' #/01!#a( !1a! /! 5a(!#9, a89 &/!8#((/80 1/( #!8 !% #7#/v# '%m!1# C1/#' Ma0/(!a!# #5#7!, M. M%8%#, !1# 1/01#(! !#(!/m%8 1#7%59 0/v# 1/m %' 1/( 7%8'/9#87#. T1/( &a( !1# '5'/55m#8! %' !1#&/(1 8#a#(! !% 1# 1#a!. H/( 8%m/8a!/%8 a( S#7#!a %' S!a!#&a( !1# 7%&8/80 m#7 %' 1# 5/'#. Ha9 (1# (v/v#9 !1# a!!a7=%' !1# '#v# &1/71 -%v#9 'a!a5, /! /( !# !1a! (1# m/01! 1av#(##8 1/m #;a5!#9 (!/55 1/01#, !% !1a! (!a!/%8 &1/71 1# 1(ba89a89 1/( 'a!1# 1a9 1#59 b#'%# 1/m < b! /! /( v# 9%b!'5&1#!1# 1# (a!/('a7!/%8 &%59 1av# b##8 a! a55 #81a87#9. T1#7%mm#87#m#8! %' M. M%8%#( a9m/8/(!a!/%8 &a( ma=#9 b a8a8/m/! %' !1# -%-5a v%/7#, !1# m%# 0a!/'/80 !% 1# b#67a(# /! &a( (%m#!1/80 (% 8#&. La!# !/m#( 1av# %85 7a/#9( ba7= !% -a! 9/v/(/%8(, %' !1# b/!!#8#(( %' &1/71 (1# 1a99/80 1# 5/'#!/m# !a(!#9 !%% 5a0#5 !% #5/(1 #v#8 !1# 5/!!5# %'(#! &1/71 !1# m/01! 1av# !% 0/v#.

T1# %b(#/#( %' M(. A9am( # a!!#89#9 b a 0#a! 7%86


23/141

7%(# %' -#%-5#, &1% v%58!a/5 7am# !% -a !1/( 5a(! !/b!#!% 1# m#m%. S#v#a5 b/#' b! b#a!/'5 8%!/7#( %' 1# a-6-#a#9 /8 !1# 8#&(-a-#( %' !1# 9a, a89 a (#m%8 &a(-#a71#9 b !1# 5a!# R#v##89 D. K/=5a89, !1#8 P#(/9#8! %'Hava9 U8/v#(/!, &1/71 75%(#9 &/!1 a 9#5/7a!# a89 a''#7!/80

444 MEMOIR.

!#(!/m%8 !% 1# &%!1. Y# &/55 (##= !% m%8, b##av#9'/#89(, /! (a(, a( b#7%m#( C1/(!/a8(, /8 a ma88# &%!1%' !1# -#(%8 % 5am#8!. Y% 9%, !1#8, b5#(( !1# G/v# %'5/'#, !1a! !1# 7%(# %' % #89#a#9 a89 1%8%#9 '/#89 &a((% 5%80 a89 (% b/01! < !1a! (1# #8!##9 (% '55 /8!% !1# (-//!%' !1%(# /8"87!/%8( &1/71 1av# #;-5a/8#9, a89 &a( a m/86/(!# %' b5#((/80( !% a55 &/!1/8 1# /8'5#87#. Y% a# (%%!1#9!% #'5#7! !1a! (1# &a( (#8(/b5# %' !1# ma8 !%=#8( %' 9/v/8#0%%98#(( &1/71 ma=#9 1# 5%! < !1a! (1# #7#/v#9 !1# 0%%9 %'

1# #;/(!#87# &/!1 a 71##'5 a89 0a!#'5 1#a!< !1a!, &1#87a55#9 !% #-, (1# b%# a9v#(/! &/!1 a8 #a5 m/89 < !1a!(1# (#9 !1# &%59 a( 8%! ab(/80 /! !% #;7#((, /m-%v/80 # !/m#, !a5#8!(, a89 %--%!8/!/#(, a89, !1%01 9#(/#9 5%80#/8 !1/( &%59, &a( '/!!#9 '% a b#!!# 1a--/8#(( !1a8 !1/( &%597a8 0/v#.

I! %'!#8 1a--#8( !1a! &1#8 !1# 5/'# %' a &%ma8 /( !1# !%-/7%' 9/(7((/%8, m#8 !1/8= /! 8#7#((a #/!1# !% 'a55 /8!% a !%8#%' a''#7!#9 0a55a8! a89 8m#a8/80 7%m-5/m#8! % !% a((m#!1# #;!#m# %' 88a!a5 a89 #;!ava0a8! #5%0. Y#! !1##(##m( 8% #a(%8, /8 !1# 8a!# %' !1/80(, &1 !1# (am# 5a&( %'7%m-%(/!/%8 (1%59 8%! b# ma9# !% a--5 !% !1# %8# (#; a( !%!1# %!1#. I! 1a( b##8 !1# &/(1 %' !1# E9/!% !% av%/9 &1a!6#v# m/01! b# 7%8(/9##9 a( m## #m-! -a/(# %' 1/( (b"#7!,/8 &1/71, /' 1# 1a( 8%! a5!%0#!1# (77##9#9, (%m# a55%&a87#ma, /! /( 1%-#9, b# ma9# '% !1# 8a!a5 b/a( 89# &1/71 1#&/!#(. I! 1a( b##8 1/( --%(# !% =##- 'a &/!1/8 !1# 5/8#ma=#9 %! b !1# 0#a! ma(!# %' 7%m-%(/!/%8, &1%, /8 a556(/%8 !% !1# '/(! /8(!a87# /8 R%m# &1#8 a &%ma8, P%-/5/a, &a(-b5/75 -a/(#9 b 1# (%8 Ca!5(, 9#'/8#( !1# !%-/7( &1/71ma b# !#a!#9 &/!1 -%-/#! -%8 a8 (/m/5a %77a(/%8. ) H#9%#( 8%! 75a/m '% !1# 5#!!#( 8%& -b5/(1#9 !% !1# &%59 !1a!!1# a# m%9#5( %' (!5#, !1%01 /8 b#1a5' %' (%m# %' !1#m

) E; 1/( #8/!8 '%8!/b(, 89# %m8/a %8a!# 9/7#89/ -(#7#-!a (m8!,5/7#b/! #!/am 5a9a!/%8#a %8a#, 8## /5/a #5#m#/!a 9#(/9#a# < (#!8#m% !a9a!, /( #(!, / 8#(7/a!, (# (/8! /8 1%m/8# 5a9a89a > P%(/!/(#8/m//( #b(, a( Ca((( /8 /55/( %a!/%8/( ((#. am 7%8!a 7%55#0am7#8(%1ab/!, -/87/-/% 9/;/! : a# 8a!a a! '%!8a 9a#8! 1%m/8/b(, /8//(#b( v/87/ -%((# a8/m% &% -a!/ : 7# /-(/ (/b/ 1%m/8#( -aa# -%((#8!,/8 //(#b( (# -a!/ v/87/ 8%8 -%((# < / 5a9ab/! #m-/am, /8!#55/0#!,#;-%8#89a(/b/ #((# '%!8(# b%8a. Ea (8!, 0#8#/(, -#78/%#, -%-/8%m,am/7%/,

%-m, va5#!9/8/(, '%ma#, v//m, /80#8//, 7(#!#am# #m, (# (8!a!


24/141

7%-%/(, a! #;!a8#(# : (/ 1ab#/!, b#8# 1/( (m : (/ 8%8 1ab#/!,(a-/#8!#7a/((# : (/ am/(#/!, m%9#a!# !5/((#. D#/89#, /9 (a-/#8!# /(, #85a69#!, /9 5/b#a5/!#, /9 '%!/!#, /9 "(!#, /9 ma08/'/#(, /9 -/#,/9

0a!#, /9 1ma8/!#, /9 9#8/# 7m a5/a v/!!#, a! '#7#/! a!/5#/!.C/7#%, 9# Oa!%#, II. )).

MEMOIR. ;;;/

(71 a 75a/m m/01!, -#1a-(, b# #a(%8ab5 0#9 < 8% #!!1a! !1# 7%8!a/8 m71 8%v#5 % /m-%!a8! 1/(!%/7a5 /8'%ma6!/%8. W1a! m#/! !1# ma 1av# &/55 b# '%89 /8 !1# -/7!#(%' (%7/a5 5/'# &1/71 !1# -#(#8!, 9/80 a -#/%9 9a/5 b#7%m/80m%# /8!##(!/80 a( /! #7#9#( '%m (, a89 /8 !1# 1/01 m%a5

a89 #5/0/%( !%8# &1/71 8/'%m5 -#va9#( !1#m. T1# a#1## 0/v#8 !% !1# -b5/7 #;a7!5 a( !1# # &/!!#8, &/!1 %85!1%(# 7%#7!/%8( % %m/((/%8( &1/71 # ab(%5!#5 8#7#((a#/!1# !% -#'#7! !1# (#8(# % !% av%/9 (b"#7!( #;75(/v#5 -#6(%8a5. I! &a( !1# 1ab/! %' !1# &/!# !% ma=# '/(! a %019a'! %' &1a! (1# /8!#89#9 !% (a, a89 '%m !1/( !% '%m a 'a/7%- '% 1# 7%#(-%89#8! < b! /8 !1# -%7#(( (1# a5!##9 (%m71 %' !1# %/0/8a5 !1a!, /8 #v# /8(!a87# &1## !1# !&%1av# b##8 7%m-a#9, !1# a# b 8% m#a8( !1# (am# !1/80.O85 /8 %8# % !&% 7a(#(, a89 '% -a!/75a #a(%8(, 1a( !1#5%(( %' !1# #a5 5#!!# b##8 (--5/#9 b !1# '/(! 9a'!. T1#-/87/-a5 9/''##87# b#!#8 !1#m %9/8a/5 /( !1a! !1# '%m#/( m71 !1# m%(! '55. F##8!5, /! &/55 b# (##8 !1a! (1# 9/98%! 7%-, !1# !a(= b#/80, a( (1# !#(!/'/#( /8 !1# -%(!(7/-!, #;6!#m#5 /=(%m# !% 1#.

T1# va5# a!!a71#9 !% 1# 5#!!#( b (%m# %' 1# 7%#(-%896#8!(, #v#8 9/80 1# 5/'#!/m#, &a( (% 7%8(/9#ab5# !1a! /!-%97#9 '%m %8# %' !1#m, !1# 5a!# J90# Va89#=#m-, %'N#& Y%=, a ##(! !1a! a 7%55#7!/%8 (1%59 !1#8 b# ma9# '%-b5/7a!/%8. I8 a55(/%8 !% !1/(, M(. A9am( &/!#( /8 a 8%!#!% a '#ma5# '/#89,

T1# P#(/9#8! 1a( a 5#!!# '%m Va89#=#m-, /8 &1/71 1#-%-%(#( !% 1av# 1/m (#89 a 7%55#7!/%8 %' m 5#!!#( !% -b5/(1 )A -#!! '/0# I (1%59 ma=#. N%. N%. I 1av# 8%! a8amb/!/%8 !% a--#a /8 -/8!. H##95#(( a89 /8a77a!# a( I am, I1av# !%% m71 va8/! !% /(= m #-!a!/%8 b#'%# !1# -b5/7.

A89 %8 !1# (am# 9a (1# #-5/#( !% J90# Va89#=#m- a('%55%&( :

/87, Ja8a, )*)*.

MY DEAR SIR, W1#8 P#(/9#8! M%8%# &a( /8 B%(!%8,-%8 1/( 5a!# !%, #87%m-a((#9 b 7/!/@#8(, (%89#9 b !1#m/5/!a, 1aa((#9 b /8v/!a!/%8( !% -a!/#( a89 a--5/7a!/%8( /868m#ab5# '% %''/7#, (%m# 0#8!5#ma8 a(=#9 1/m /' 1# &a( 8%!7%m-5#!#5 &%8 %! > T% &1/71 1# #-5/#9, O1 8%. A 5/!!5#'5a!!# &/55 (--%! a ma8 !1%01 0#a! 'a!/0#. I ma a--5

!1# %b(#va!/%8 !% m(#5', a89 (a !1a! !1# '5a!!# /8 %5#!!# 5#a9( m# !% b#a= !1%01 !1# av#(/%8, &1/71 /( 9a/5


25/141

/87#a(/80 -%8 m#, !% &/!/80.

;;;// MEMOIR.

Y% !#/' m#, m 9#a (/, &1#8 % a(= '% 5#!!#( %'m/8# !% -b5/(1. I! /( !# !1a! D. D/(8#, !% &1%m !1#5a!# M. H%55/( b##a!1#9 1/( -%-#!, '%89 am%80(! 1/(-a-#( (%m# 5#!!#( '%m !1# P#(/9#8! a89 '%m m#, &1/71 1#a(=#9 -#m/((/%8 !% -b5/(1. W# 1a9 b%!1 '%0%!!#8 !1# 7%86!#8!( %' !1#m, b! 5#'! !1#m !% 1/( "90m#8! !% 9% &/!1 !1#ma( 1# -5#a(#9, a89 a77%9/805 1# -b5/(1#9 (%m# %' !1#m.O8# %!1# 5#!!# !% m (%8, &1#8 1# '/(! ! !% Fa87# /8!1# #a )++*, b (%m# m#a8( % %!1# &a( -b5/(1#9 /8 a8E805/(1 ma0a@/8# < a89 !1%(#, I b#5/#v#, a# a55 !1# m/01!&%=( %' m/8# &1/71 #v# 1av#, % &/55, b m 7%8(#8!, a-6-#a b#'%# !1# -b5/7. S!5# I 8#v# (!9/#9. M 5a80a0# /(

Wam '%m !1# 1#a! a89 'a/!1'5 !% /!( '/#(,

!1# (-%8!a8#%( #''(/%8( %' '/#89(1/-. A( (71 I !#89#!1#m !% M. Va89#=#m-, (# %' 1/( /8950#87#, (/87# I ma=#8% -#!#8(/%8( !% !1# 71aa7!# &1/71 1# -%'#((#( !% '#a, !1a!%' a 5#a8#9 5a9.

T1#(# %b(#va!/%8( a# (!/7!5 !#. T% 5#a8/80, /8 !1# %69/8a (#8(# %' !1a! !#m, M(. A9am( 7%59 ma=# 8% 75a/m.H# #a9/80 1a9 b##8 #;!#8(/v# /8 !1# 5/01!# 9#-a!m#8!( %'5/!#a!#, a89 (1# &a( 7 a7a/8!#9 &/!1 !1# -%#!( /8 1#%&8 5a80a0# < b! /! ! 8% '!1#. I! /( !1# (%5, (1/8/80!1%01 !1# &%9(, !1a! 0/v#( !% !1#m !1#/ 0#a! a!!a7!/%8

5 Pa0# 2+. Pa0#( )?6)). * - a0# ?3. Pa0# ??2.

FAMILIAR LETTERS

JOHN ADAMS AND HIS WIFE.


26/141

/. JOHN ADAMS.

B%(!%8, ) Ma, )++.

I AM #;!#m#5 a''5/7!#9 &/!1 !1# #5a!/%8 % 'a!1#

0av# m# %' !1# #!8 %' % 9/(%9#. I '#a % 1av#!a=#8 (%m# 7%59. W# 1av# 1a9 a m%(! -#8/7/%( a/ a0#a! -a! %' !1/( (-/80. I am (# I 1av# #a(%8 !% #6m#mb# /!. M 7%59 /( !1# m%(! %b(!/8a!# a89 !1#a!#86/80 %8# I #v# 1a9 /8 m 5/'#. H%v#, I am 8a/#9/8 m #89#av%( !% (b9# /!, a89 1av# !1# -5#a(# !%!1/8= I 1av# 1a9 (%m# (77#((. I /(# a! '/v#, &a5= !1##m/5#(, =##- !1# a/ a55 9a, a89 &a5= a0a/8 /8 !1# a'!#68%%8. T1#(# &a5=( 1av# 9%8# m# m%# 0%%9 !1a8 a86!1/80. M %&8 /8'/m/!/#(, !1# a77%8! %' !1# #!8 %'%(, a89 !1# -b5/7 8#&( ) 7%m/80 a5!%0#!1# 1av# -!m !m%(! -1/5%(%-1 !% !1# !/a5.

) F% %' !1# (-/80 '5##! %' m#71a8! (1/-(, 9#(/08a!#9 /8 !1# 8#&(-a-#(a77%9/80 !% 7(!%m, %85 b !1# 8am#( %' !1#/ #(-#7!/v# 7%mma89#(,S1a5#, L9#. Maa!!, a89 S7%!!, 1a9 "(! a/v#9. T1# b%01! a77%8!(%' !1# #''#7! -%8 !1# m%!1# 7%8! %' !1# 9#(!7!/%8 %' !1# !#a. T1#m/8/(! 1a9 7a/#9 !1%01 Pa5/am#8! !1#/ ((!#m %' #-#((/v#m#a(#(:!1# B%(!%8 P%! B/55, !1# #v/(/%8 %' !1# 71a!#, ma!#/a55 /m-a//80 /!(-%-65a '#a!#(, a89 !1# a7! !% a!1%/@# !1# #m%va5 %' !/a5( /8 7#!a/87a(#( !%G#a! B/!a/8. G#8#a5 Ga0#, !1# 7%mma89#6/8671/#' %' 1/( Ma"#(!( '%7#(/8 Am#/7a, a--%/8!#9 G%v#8% !% #;#7!# !1# 8#& -%5/7, /8 !1# -5a7# %'H!71/8(%8, &1% 1a9 a(=#9 5#av# %' ab(#87#, &a( %8 1/( &a, a89 a/v#9 /81/( Ma"#(!( (1/- L/v#5, Ca-!a/8 B/(1%-, /8 !!6(/; 9a( '%m L%89%8,%8 !1# )?!1, !1# 9a a'!# !1# 9a!# %' !1/( 5#!!#.)

FAMILIAR LETTERS. "J%8#,

W# 5/v#, m 9#a (%5, /8 a8 a0# %' !/a5. W1a! &/55b# !1# 7%8(##87#, I =8%& 8%!. T1# !%&8 %' B%(!%8,'% a01! I 7a8 (##, m(! (''# ma!9%m. I! m(! #;6-/#. A89 % -/87/-a5 7%8(%5a!/%8 /(, !1a! /! 9/#( /8 a8%b5# 7a(# !1# 7a(# %' !!1, %' v/!#, %' 5/b#!, a89%' 1ma8/!, a89 !1a! /! &/55 -%bab5 1av# a 05%/%( #(6#7!/%8 !% 0#a!# a5!1, (-5#89%, a89 -%, !1a8 #v#.

L#! m# =8%& &1a! /( b#(! '% ( !% 9%. I! /( #;-#8(/v#=##-/80 a 'am/5 1##, a89 !1## /( 8% -%(-#7! %' a8b(/8#(( /8 m &a /8 !1/( !%&8 !1/( &1%5# (mm#. I9%8! #7#/v# a (1/55/80 a #=. W# m(! 7%8!/v# a(ma8 &a( a( 7a8 !% (av# #;-#8(#( < '% ma 1av#7a55( !% 7%8!/b!# v# 5a0#5, /8 -%-%!/%8 !% % 7/67m(!a87#(, !% -#v#8! %!1# v# 1%8#(! &%!1 -#%-5#'%m (''#/80 '% &a8!, b#(/9#( % %&8 5%(( /8 -%/8! %'b(/8#(( a89 -%'/!.

D%8! /ma0/8# '%m a55 !1/( !1a! I am /8 !1# 9m-(.

Fa %!1#&/(#. I 7a8 !5 (a !1a! I 1av# '#5! m%#(-//!( a89 a7!/v/! (/87# !1# a/va5 %' !1/( 8#&( !1a8 I


27/141

1a9 9%8# b#'%# '% #a(. I 5%%= -%8 !1/( a( !1# 5a(!#''%! %' L%9 N%!1( 9#(-a/, a89 1# &/55 a( (#5 b#9#'#a!#9 /8 /!, a( 1# &a( /8 !1# -%"#7! %' !1# !#a.I am, &/!1 0#a! a8;/#! '% % 1#a5!1,

Y% JOH4 ADAMS.

. J%8 ADASIS.

T%=, J8#, )++

I HAVE a 0#a! 9#a5 %' 5#/(#, &1/71 I 71/#'5 #m-5%/8 (7/bb5/80, !1a! m m/89 ma 8%! (!a89 (!/55 % 8 ba7=,5/=# m '%!8#. T1## /( v# 5/!!5# b(/8#(( 1##, a89Dav/9 S#&a55, Dav/9 W#, J%18 S55/va8 a89 Jam#( S565/va8, a89 T1#%-1/5( Ba9b, a# !1# 5a( &1% a!6!#89 !1# /8'#/% 7%!(, a89 7%8(##8!5, 7%897! !1#7a(#( a! !1# (-#/%.

I '/89 !1a! !1# 7%8! /( !1# (/!a!/%8 !% ma=# #(!a!#(b !1# 5a&. J%18 S55/va8, &1% /( -5a7#9 a! D1am /8N#& Ham-(1/#, /( %80# b%!1 /8 #a( a89 -a7!/7#

5 I8 Ma/8#, a! !1/( !/m# a89 5%80 a'!#&a9( a -a! %' Ma((a71(#!!(. La&6#8 # /8 !1# 1ab/! %' '%55%&/80 !1# 7/7/! /8 !1%(# 9a(.

)++. JOHN ADAMS. ?

!1a8 I am. H# b#0a8 &/!1 8%!1/80, b! /( 8%& (a/9 !%b# &%!1 !#8 !1%(a89 -%89( 5a&'5 m%8#, 1/( b%!1#Jam#( a55%&( '/v# % (/; % -#1a-( (#v#8 !1%(a89 -%89(,7%8(/(!/80 /8 1%(#( a89 5a89(, 8%!#(, b%89(, a89 m%!60a0#(. H# 1a( a '/8# (!#am %' &a!#, &/!1 a8 #;7#55#8!7%8 m/55, (a& m/55, '55/80 m/55, (7!1# m/55, a89 %!1#(, /8a55 (/; m/55(, &1/71 a# b%!1 1/( 9#5/01! a89 1/( -%'/!. A(1# 1a( #a8#9 7a(1 /8 1/( b(/8#(( a! !1# ba, 1# 1a( !a=#8%--%!8/!/#( !% -71a(# 'am( %' 1/( 8#/01b%(, &1% &a8!#9!% (#55 a89 m%v# %! 'a!1# /8!% !1# &%%9(, a! a8 a9va8!a60#%( a!#, a89 /8 !1/( &a 1a( b##8 0%&/80 /71 < 89#!1# (m/5#( a89 a(-/7#( %' G%v#8% W#8!&%!1, 1# 1a(b##8 -%m%!#9 /8 !1# 7/v/5 a89 m/5/!a &a, (% !1a! 1# /(!#a!#9 &/!1 0#a! #(-#7! /8 !1/( 8#/01b%1%%9. )

Jam#( S55/va8, b%!1# %' !1# %!1#, &1% (!9/#9 5a&89# 1/m, &/!1%! a8 a7a9#m/7a5 #97a!/%8 $a89 J%18&a( /8 !1# (am# 7a(#, /( '/;#9 a! Sa7%, a5/a( B/99#'%9, /8% -%v/87#. H# b#0a8 &/!1 8#/!1# 5#a8/80, b%%=(, #(6!a!#, 8% a8!1/80 b! 1/( 1#a9 a89 1a89(, a89 /( 8%& av# -%-5a 5a a89 0%&/80 /71 v# 'a(!, -71a(/800#a! 'am(, #!a, a89 a "(!/7# %' !1# -#a7# a89 a m#mb#%' !1# G#8#a5 C%!.

Dav/9 S#&a55, %' !1/( !%&8, 8#v# -a7!/7#( %! %' !1/(7%8! < 1a( 8% 71/59#8 < 1a( 8% amb/!/%8 8% ava/7#, !1#(a $1%v#, a##. H/( b(/8#(( 1/ !1/( 7%8! ma/86!a/8( 1/m v# 1a89(%m#5, a89 1# 0#!( b#'%#1a89.

Ba9b, a! Fa5m%!1, !1# (a, 0%&( /71 v# 'a(!.


28/141

I &a( '/(! (&%8 /8 )+2*. M 5/'# 1a( b##8 a 7%8!/86a5 (7#8# %' 'a!/0#, v#;a!/%8, 5ab%, a89 a8;/#!. I 1av#'% 71/59#8. I 1a9 a -#!! #(!a!# '%m m 'a!1# < I

) A55 !1# -#(%8( 8am#9 /8 !1/( 5#!!# #a71#9 #m/8#87#, b%!1 -%'#((/%8a5a89 -%5/!/7a5, /8 Ma((a71(#!!(.

O' J%18 a89 Jam#( S55/va8 m71 /8'%ma!/%8 1a( b##8 '8/(1#9 /8 !1#m#m%/ %' !1# 5a!!# b M. T. C. Am%.

Dav/9 S#&a55. a 75a((ma!# %' J%18 A9am( a! Hava9 C%55#0#, &a( ma9# aJ90# %' !1# S-#/% C%! %' Ma((a71(#!!(, a89 a'!#&a9( !a8('##9 !%!1# D/(!/7! C%! %' !1# U8/!#9 S!a!#( '% Ma/8#. H# 9/#9 /8 )*2 a! av#a9va87#9 a0#.

Tb#%-1/5( Ba9b 0a9a!#9 a! Hava9 C%55#0# /8 !1# #a )+2+. H#(#v#9 a( a #-#(#8!a!/v# /8 !1# C%80#(( %' !1# U8/!#9 S!a!#( /8 !1#'/'!1

C%80#((, a89 a'!#&a9( a( %8# %' !1# J90#( %' !1# S-#m# C%! %' Ma(6(a71(#!!(. H# 9/#9 /8 )*3?.

FAMILIAR LETTERS. J8#,

1av# b##8 a((/(!#9 b % 'a!1# < I 1av# 9%8# !1# 0#a!6#(! b(/8#(( /8 !1# -%v/87# < I 1av# 1a9 !1# v# /71#(!75/#8!( /8 !1# -%v/87#. Y#! I am -%%, /8 7%m-a/(%8 &/!1%!1#(.

T1/(, I 7%8'#((, /( 0/#v%( a89 9/(7%a0/80. I %01!,1%v#, !% b# 7a89/9 #8%01 !% a7=8%&5#90# !1a! I 1av#b##8 /m-9#8!. I 1av# (-#8! a8 #(!a!# /8 b%%=(. I 1av#(-#8! a (m %' m%8# /89/(7##!5 /8 a 5/01!#, a8%!1# /8a -#&. a89 a m71 0#a!# /8 a 1%(# /8 B%(!%8. T1#(#&%59 1av# b##8 /89/(7#!/%8(, /' !1# /m-#a71m#8! %' !1#J90#(, !1# B%(!%8 P%! B/55, #!7., #!7., 1a9 8#v# 1a--#8#9 J%18 L%7, a! N#&b-%!, 1a( b/5! 1/m(#5' a 1%(#5/=# !1# -a5a7# %' a 8%b5#ma8, a89 5/v#( /8 0#a! (-5#89%.H/( b(/8#(( /( v# -%'/!ab5#. I8 (1%!, #v# 5a&1% 1a( !1# 5#a(! a--#aa87# %' ab/5/!/#( ma=#( /! 9% /8!1# 7%8!. I8 !%&8, 8%b%9 9%#(, % #v# 7a8, &1% #/!1#/( 8%! %b(!/8a!#5 9#!#m/8#9 8#v# !% 1av# a8 7%88#7!/%8&/!1 -%5/!/7(, % 9%#( 8%! #80a0# %8 !1# (/9# %' !1# G%v#86m#8!, !1# A9m/8/(!a!/%8, a89 !1# C%!. )

L#! (, !1##'%#, m 9#a -a!8#, '%m !1a! a''#7!/%8&1/71 '##5 '% % 5%v#5 bab#(, a--5 %(#5v#(, b#v# &a 7a8, !% !1# 75!/va!/%8 %' % 'am. L#!'0a5/! a89 /89(! b# % v/!#(, /' !1# a# 8%! %'a8 %!1#(. A89 ab%v# a55 7a#( %' !1/( 5/'#, 5#! % a69#8! a8;/#! b# !% m%59 !1# m/89( a89 ma88#( %' %71/59#8. L#! ( !#a71 !1#m 8%! %85 !% 9% v/!%(5,b! !% #;7#5. T% #;7#5, !1# m(! b# !a01! !% b# (!#a9,

a7!/v#, a89 /89(!/%(.


29/141

) M. L%7 (/08#9 !1# a99#(( !% G%v#8% H!71/8(%8, /8 7%mm%8 &/!1m%(! %' !1# m#mb#( %' !1# ba. B! 1# 1a9 (!9/#9 1/( -%'#((/%8 /8 !1#%''/7# %' O;#8b/90# T1a71#, a89 9/9 8%! '%0#! 1/( ma(!#( -/87/-5#(.I8!1# R#v%5!/%8a (!a005# 1# !%%= 1/( (/9# &/!1 1/( 7%8!m#8, a895ab%#9

'a/!1'55 '% !1# 7a(#. H# &a( a 9#5#0a!# !% !1# C%80#(( %' !1#C%8'#9#a6!/%8, 9/80 !1# &a. &a( m%(! #''/7/#8! /8 !1# 7%8v#8!/%8 &1/71 ma!#9'M01! 1a!, M/ 1/ /!

M -#8 /( a5&a( '## !1a8 m !%80#,ma8 !1/80( !% %8 !1a! I (--/(7 I!a5=#9. M 1#a! /( ma9# !#89# b/! 8#v# &a( a 1a9 1#a!. T1# 9#a!1 %' Pa!! 7am# v#8#a m#, 1av/80 5/v#9 '% #a( &/!1 m# 89# m 7a#.I 1%-# /! &/55 ma=# m# m%# 7%8!/8a55 m/89'5 a89&a!71'5 %' a55 !1%(# &1% a# (!/55 KHU/a/559 !% m 71a0#.T /( a 0#a! !(!< I 9a/5 '##5 m%# a89 m%# %' !1# /01!

a89 /m-%!a87# %' /!, a89 %' m %&8 /8ab/5/!. I &/(1 I7%59 1av# m%# %' !1# aa/(88# %' m 9#a#(! '/#89, b!!1#(# -#/5%( !/m#( (&a55%& 1/m -.

M. L%!1%- 1a( 0/v#8 m# !1/( a77%8! %' !1# 9#ma89-%8 Fa18%!1. A ma86%'6&a a89 !&% !#89#( ! 9%&8,a89 (#8! !% !1# /81ab/!a8!( !% 9#ma89 J am( a89 #6/# !1#m !% (!a89 8#!#. T1# #/#9 !/m# !% 7%8(/9#

!1# 'a!!#8

)) FAMILIAR LETTERS. O7!%b#,

I 1av# (/87# (##8 !1# Paa-1a(#, ) a( /! /( 7a55#9 < b! ! /(a( 5%& a( !1# m%7= %a!/%8, !1%01 8% #'5#7!/%8 -%8 %-/va!# 71aa7!#, '!1# !1a8 /mm%9#a!#5 &1/--/80 %(71%5a( &1#8 % =#-! (71%%5, a 7/m# a8 %8# &/55 a7/!% %' &1% =8%&( %. A( a (-#7/m#8 %' !1# &/! a891m% /! 7%8!a/8#9 I &/55 0/v# % !1# !/!5# : A Paa-1a(#-%8 !1# S#7%89 E-/(!5# %' J%18 !1# R%891#a9, !% Jam#(,!1# P%5%7!% %' !1# Rm- Pa5/am#8!. D#a D#v/5,#!7. I 1a9 /!, b! /! &a( &1#8 I &a( /8 (% m71 9/(!#((!1a! I 7a#9 8%!1/80 ab%! /!. I &/55 m#8!/%8, &1#8 I (##%, !1# '%%5/(1 7%8"#7!#( %' (%m# &1% &a8! a5&a( !%b# '/89/80 %! (%m#!1/80 #;!a%9/8a /8 &1a!#v# 1a-6-#8(.

I 1%-# !% 1#a %'!#8 '%m %, &1/71 /( a55 !1# a55#v/a!/%8

I 1av# /8 % ab(#87#, a89 /(, 8#;! !% (##/80 %, !1#0#a!#(! 7%m'%! %' % PORTIA.


30/141

+. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, ? O7!%b#, )++2.

YESTERDAY %( %' O7!%b# !1 7am# !% 1a89. Y%

5#!!#( 8#v# 'a/5#9 !% 0/v# m# -5#a(#. T1# 0#a!#(!-5#a(# !1a! I !a=# /( /8 #7#/v/80 !1#m. A89 a5!1%01#v# %8# &1/71 1a( #! 7%m# !% 1a89 /( #-5#!# &/!1m#5a871%5 !/9/80(, #! I 7a8 !5 (a I 8#v# &a( (%#a8#(! !% #7#/v# !1#m. I #"%/7# /8 !1# 1a-- -/87/-5#(a89 !1# 1a-- !#m-# &1/71 a--a#8!5 9/7!a!#9 !1#m a55.

I '##5 m(#5' m71 a''#7!#9 &/!1 !1# b#a71 -%8 !1#'am/5. B! 7a8 7%8! a m%!1#, a b%!1#, a8 a8!,a89 a b%!1#( 71/59 am%80 !1# (5a/8 b !1/( 7#5 -#(!/65#87#. Ma G%9 A5m/01! -! a (!%- !% /!( a0#, a891mb5# ( 89# !1# ava0#( a5#a9 ma9# b /!. T1#(%%&( %' a55 % '/#89(, %8 !1# 5%(( %' % m%!1#, a#

8#v# %! %' m m/89. I -a G%9 !% (-a# m -a#8!,&1%(# 5/'# 1a( b##8 -%5%80#9 b 1/( 0%%98#(( 1/!1#!%, a(7 a( %( !1a! (v/v#(. T1# !#m#89%( 7a5am/!/#(

) T1# B/!/(1 %''/7#( a89 !1# 5%a5 Am#/7a8( (1! - /8 B%(!%8 (##m !%1av# am(#9 !1#/ 1%( %' /95#8#(( &/!1 (71 -a(!/m# a( !1# 7%59 ma=#%!%' /9/75# %' !1# 5a80a0# a89 a7!/%8 %' !1# -a!/%!(. T1# -%97!/%8(a559#9!% /8 !1# !#;! # 5#v#5#9 a! M. A9am(, %8 a77%8! %' !1# /8!#7#-!#95#!!#(.N% 7%- %' !1#m (##m( !% 1av# b##8 -#(#v#9.

)++2. JOHN ADAMS. ))+

a5#a9 '#5!, %' '/#, (&%9, a89 -#(!/5#87#, ma b# %85 1a6b/80#( %' 0#a!# (!/55. W# 1av# 8% (#7/! a0a/8(! 7a65am/! 1##. T1/( -5a8#! /( /!( #0/%8. T1# %85 -/87/-5#/( !% b# -#-a#9 '% !1# &%(! #v#8!(.

I' I 7%59 &/!# a( 7 a( %, m (%%& &%59 b# a(#5%#8! a( %(, b!, -%8 m &%9, I 7a88%!.

T1# 8a77%8!ab5# #v#8! &1/71 % a559# !% 1a( #a71#9!1/( -5a7# a89 %77a(/%8#9 a 'a55. I &%59 b# 05a9, 1%v#,!1a! !1# &%(! 7%8(!7!/%8 m/01! 8%! b# -!. L#! 1/m )1av# 'a/ -5a < !1%01 I 9%b!.

T1# ma8 &1% v/%5a!#( -/va!# 'a/!1, 7a87#5( (%5#m8 %b5/60a!/%8(, &1%m 8#/!1# 1%8% 8% 7%8(7/#87# 1%59(, (1a558#v# b# =8%&/805 !(!#9 b m#. Ha9 I =8%&8, &1#8I '/(! v%!#9 '% a D/#7!% %' a8 H%(-/!a5, &1a! I 1#a9a'!#&a9(, &1#8 I &a( 9%&8, I &%59 8%! 1av# v%!#9 a( I9/9. O-#8, ba#'a7#9 /mm%a5/! %01! 8%! !% b# (% 7%86!#8a87#9. T1%01 I !1/8= a 'a!a5/! a!!#89( ( /8 (%m#/8(!a87#(, #! a 9/v/8# -%!#7!/%8 a89 'av% /( v/(/b5# /8%!1#( < a89 5#! ( b# 71##'5, &1a!#v# 1a--#8(. C1##6'58#(( /( 8%! a (/8 /8 a8 !/m#(.

I am a'a/9 !% 1#a a0a/8, a5m%(!, 5#(! (%m# %!1# (1%59


31/141

b# (/7= /8 !1# 1%(#. Y#! I 1%-# b#!!#, a89 !1a! % &/55#a((m# % &%8!#9 71##'58#(( a89 &/!# a0a/8 -%88#&( a89 -%5/!/7(. S#89 % 5#!!#( !% Wa#8 '% 7%86v#a87#. I &%8! !(! a8 %!1#.

+?. JOHN ADAMS.

O7!%b#.

I CANNOT #;759# '%m m m/89 % m#5a871%5 (/!6a!/%8. T1# 0/#'( %' % 'a!1# a89 (/(!#(, % 875#(a89 a8!(, a( 7 a( !1# #m%!# 7%88#7!/%8(, %'!#8 7%&9/8 -%8 m#, &1#8 m &1%5# a!!#8!/%8 %01! !% b# 9/#7!#9!% %!1# (b"#7!(. Y% 875# /87, m '/#89 a( 7a( 875#, m(! #0#! !1# 5%(( %' a b#5%v#9 (/(!#. D.T'!(, m %!1# '/#89, I =8%& b#&a/5( !1# 5%(( %' a '/#89.

) D. C171( !#a71#, &1/71 /87/9#8!a55 #;-%(#9 (%m# v/7#( %' 1/( -/6va!# 5/'#.

N%!%8 /87, !1# %85 b%!1# %' M(. A9am(( m%!1#. M. Ca8711a9 ma/#9 !1# #59# (/(!# %' M(. A9am(.

))* FAMILIAR LETTERS. O7!%b#,

a( 7 a( a8 a8! a89 a (/(!#. M. Ca871, !1# '/#89 %'m %!1 a( 7 a( %' m /-# #a(, &1%(# !#89# 1#a!(m-a!1/@#( &/!1 1/( '#55%&67#a!#( /8 #v# a''5/7!/%8a89 9/(!#((, /8 !1/( 7a(# '##5( !1# 5%(( %' a '/#89, a '#55%&6C1/(!/a8, a89 a m%!1#. B!, a5a( &1a! ava/5 !1#(#m%8'5 #'5#7!/%8( > T1# b#(! !1/80 7a8 9%, !1#0#a!#(! #(-#7! 7a8 (1%& !% !1# m#m% %' % 9#6-a!#9 '/#89, /( !% 7%- /8!% % %&8 5/v#( !1%(# v/!#(&1/71, /8 1# 5/'#!/m#, #89##9 1# !1# %b"#7! %' %#(!##m, 5%v#, a89 a9m/a!/%8. I m(! 7%8'#(( I #v# '#5!a v#8#a!/%8 '% 1#, &1/71 (##m( /87#a(#9 b !1# 8#&( %'1# !a8(5a!/%8.

Ab%v# a55 !1/80(, m 9#a, 5#! ( /8757a!# !1#(# 0#a!v/!#( a89 b/01! #;7#55#87#( -%8 % 71/59#8.

Y% m%!1# 1a9 a 75#a a89 -#8#!a!/80 89#(!a89/80,a89 a -%'%89 "90m#8!, a( 7 a( a8 1%8#(!, a89 a'/#895, a89 a 71a/!ab5# 1#a!. T1## /( %8# !1/80, 1%&6#v#, &1/71 % &/55 '%0/v# m# /' I 1/8! !% %. L#! m#a(= %, a!1#, /' % a# 8%! %' m %-/8/%8 > W## 8%!1# !a5#8!( a89 v/!#( !%% m71 7%8'/8#9 !% -/va!#, (%7/a5,a89 9%m#(!/7 5/'# > M %-/8/%8 %' !1# 9!/#( %' #5/0/%8a89 m%a5/! 7%m-#1#89( a v# #;!#8(/v# 7%88#7!/%8 &/!1(%7/#! a! 5a0# a89 !1# 0#a! /8!##(!( %' !1# -b5/7. D%#(8%! 8a!a5 m%a5/! a89 m71 m%# C1/(!/a8 b#8#v%5#87#ma=# /! % /89/(-#8(ab5# 9! !% 5a %(#5v#( %! !% (#v#% '#55%&67#a!#(, !% !1# !m%(! %' % -%, /8 -%6m%!/80 a89 (--%!/80 !1%(# 0#a! -%5/!/7a5 ((!#m( a890#8#a5 #05a!/%8( -%8 &1/71 !1# 1a--/8#(( %' m5!/!9#(9#-#89( > T1# b#8#v%5#87#, 71a/!, 7a-a7/!, a89 /89(!&1/71, #;#!#9 /8 -/va!# 5/'#, &%59 ma=# a 'am/5, a -a6

/(1, % a !%&8 1a--, #m-5%#9 -%8 a 5a0# (7a5#, /8 (-6-%! %' !1# 0#a! -/87/-5#( %' v/!# a89 '##9%m %' -%5/!/7a5


32/141

#05a!/%8(, m/01! (#7# &1%5# 8a!/%8( a89 0#8#a!/%8('%m m/(#, &a8!, a89 7%8!#m-!. Pb5/7 v/!#( a89-%5/!/7a5 a5/!/#(, !1##'%#, (1%59 b# /87#((a8!5 71#6/(1#9 /8 % 71/59#8.

)++2. JOHN ADAMS. ))

+. JOHK ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, O7!%b#, )++2.

HUMAN 8a!#, &/!1 a55 /!( /8'/m/!/#( a89 9#-/va!/%8,/( (!/55 7a-ab5# %' 0#a! !1/80(. I! /( 7a-ab5# %' a!!a/8/80!% 9#0##( %' &/(9%m a89 %' 0%%98#(( &1/71, 1av# #a(%8!% b#5/#v#, a--#a #(-#7!ab5# /8 !1# #(!/ma!/%8 %' (-#/%/8!#55/0#87#(. E97a!/%8 ma=#( a 0#a!# 9/''##87# b#6!#8 ma8 a89 ma8, !1a8 8a!# 1a( ma9# b#!#8 ma8

a89 b!#. T1# v/!#( a89 -%( !% &1/71 m#8 ma b#!a/8#9, b #a5 #97a!/%8 a89 7%8(!a8! 9/(7/-5/8#, a# !5(b5/m# a89 a(!%8/(1/80. N#&!%8 a89 L%7=# a# #;am-5#(%' !1# 9##- (a0a7/! &1/71 ma b# a7/#9 b 5%80 1ab/!(%' !1/8=/80 a89 (!9. Na, % 7%mm%8 m#71a8/7( a89a!/(a8( a# -%%'( %' !1# &%89#'5 9#;!#/! a7/#9 b(# < a &a!71ma=#, /8 '/8/(1/80 1/( &1##5( a89 (-/80( < a-/8 % 8##95#6ma=#, #!7. I !1/8= !1## /( a -a!/75a %767-a!/%8 /8 E%-#, &1/71 /( 7a55#9 a -a-#6(!a/8# %5/8#86(!a/8#. A ma8 &1% 1a( b##8 5%80 1ab/!a!#9 !% /!(1a55 (/! '% a &1%5# 9a, a89 9a& -%8 -a-# '#(1 '/0#(!% b# /m-/8!#9 -%8 !1# -a-#( '% %%m(, a( 'a(! a( 1/(## 7a8 %55 a89 1/( '/80#( m%v#, a89 8% !&% %' 1/(9a01!( (1a55 b# a5/=#. T1# Saa7#8(, !1# K8/01!( %'Ma5!a, !1# am a89 8av /8 !1# (#v/7# %' !1# E805/(1#-b5/7, am%80 ma8 %!1#(, a# /8(!a87#( !% (1%& !% &1a!a8 #;a5!#9 1#/01! va5%, % bav#, % 7%a0# ma b#a/(#9 b a!/'/7/a5 m#a8(.

I! (1%59 b# % 7a#, !1##'%#, a89 m/8#, !% #5#va!#!1# m/89( %' % 71/59#8 a89 #;a5! !1#/ 7%a0# < !% a767#5#a!# a89 a8/ma!# !1#/ /89(! a89 a7!/v/! < !% #;7/!#/8 !1#m a8 1ab/!a5 7%8!#m-! %' m#a88#((, ab1%#87# %'/8"(!/7# a89 /81ma8/!, a89 a8 amb/!/%8 !% #;7#5 /8#v# 7a-a7/!, 'a75!, a89 v/!#. I' (''# !1#/m/89( !% 0%v#5 a89 7##- /8 /8'a87, !1# &/55 0%v#5 a55!1#/ 5/v#(.

B! !1#/ b%9/#( m(! b# 1a9#8#9, a( 7 a( !1#/ (%5(#;a5!#9. W/!1%! (!#80!1 a89 a7!/v/! a89 v/0% %' b%9,!1# b/01!#(! m#8!a5 #;7#55#87#( &/55 b# #75/-(#9 a89 %b6(7#9.

)3 FAMILIAR LETTERS. O7!%b#,

+2. JOHN ADAMS.

Sam# 9a!#.

THERE /( /8 !1# 1ma8 b#a(! a (%7/a5 a''#7!/%8 &1/71


33/141

#;!#89( !% % &1%5# (-#7/#(, 'a/8!5 /89##9, b! /8 (%m#9#0##. T1# 8a!/%8, =/809%m, % 7%mm8/! !% &1/71 b#5%80 /( #mba7#9 b /! m%# v/0%%(5. I! /( (!%80#(!/55 !%&a9( !1# -%v/87# !% &1/71 b#5%80, a89 /8 &1/71 1a9 % b/!1. I! /( (!%80# a89 (!%80# a( 9#6(7#89 !% !1# 7%8!, !%&8, -a/(1, 8#/01b%1%%9, a89 'am/5,

&1/71 7a55 % %&8. A89 1## '/89 /! %'!#8 (% -%&6#'5 a( !% b#7%m# -a!/a5, !% b5/89 % ##(, !% 9a=#8 %89#(!a89/80(, a89 -#v#! % &/55(.

I! /( !% !1/( /8'/m/! /8 m %&8 1#a! !1a! I m(! -#61a-( a!!/b!# !1a! 5%7a5 a!!a71m#8!, !1a! -a!/a5 '%898#((,!1a! %v##8/80 -#"9/7# /8 'av% %' N#& E805a89, &1/71I '##5 v# %'!#8, a89 &1/71, I '#a, (%m#!/m#( 5#a9( /8# !%#;-%(# m(#5' !% "(! /9/75#.

N#& E805a89 1a(, /8 ma8 #(-#7!(, !1# a9va8!a0# %'#v# %!1# 7%5%8 /8 Am#/7a, a89, /89##9, %' #v# %!1#-a! %' !1# &%59 !1a! I =8%& a8!1/80 %'.

). T1# -#%-5# a# -# E805/(1 b5%%9 < 5#(( m/;#9 &/!1S7%!71, I/(1, D!71, F#871, Da8/(1, S/(1, #!7., !1a8a8 %!1# < a89 9#(7#89#9 '%m E805/(1m#8, !%%, &1% 5#'!E%-# /8 -# !/m#( !1a8 !1# -#(#8!, a89 5#(( !a/8!#9&/!1 7%-!/%8 !1a8 !1%(# !1# 5#'! b#1/89 !1#m.

. T1# /8(!/!!/%8( /8 N#& E805a89 '% !1# (--%! %'#5/0/%8, m%a5(, a89 9#7#87 #;7##9 a8 %!1# < %b5/0/80#v# -a/(1 !% 1av# a m/8/(!#, a89 #v# -#(%8 !% 0% !%m##!/80, #!7.

?. T1# -b5/7 /8(!/!!/%8( /8 N#& E805a89 '% !1# #967a!/%8 %' %!1, (--%!/80 7%55#0#( a! !1# -b5/7 #;-#8(#,a89 %b5/0/80 !%&8( !% ma/8!a/8 0amma (71%%5(, a# 8%!#a5#9, a89 8#v# #, /8 a8 -a! %' !1# &%59.

. T1# 9/v/(/%8 %' % !#/!%, !1a! /(, % 7%8!/#(,/8!% !%&8(1/-( < #m-%/80 !%&8( !% a((#mb5#, 71%%(#%''/7#(, ma=# 5a&(, m#89 %a9(, a89 !! %!1# !1/80(,0/v#( #v# ma8 a8 %--%!8/! %' (1%&/80 a89 /m-%v/80!1a! #97a!/%8 &1/71 1# #7#/v#9 a! 7%55#0# % a! (71%%5,

)++2. JOHN ADAMS. ))

a89 ma=#( =8%&5#90# a89 9#;!#/! a! -b5/7 b(/8#((7%mm%8.

2. O 5a& '% !1# 9/(!/b!/%8 %' /8!#(!a!# #(!a!#( %77a6(/%8( a '##8! 9/v/(/%8 %' 5a89#9 -%-#!, a89 -#v#8!(m%8%-%5/#( %' 5a89.

B! /8 %--%(/!/%8 !% !1#(# 1av# 5ab%#9 89# ma89/(a9va8!a0#(. T1# #;%b/!a8! -#%0a!/v# %' % G%v6#8%(, #!7., &1/71 &%59 1av# %v#b%8# % 5/b#!/#( /' /!1a9 8%! b##8 %--%(#9 b !1# '/v# -#7#9/80 -a!/75a(.

+. JOHN ADAMS.

N%v#mb#, )++2.


34/141

I HAVE b! #(!#9a #7#/v#9 %( %' O7!%b# ).Y% 5#!!#( %' !1# '%55%&/80 9a!#( ) 1av# #7#/v#9 : * a89)3, ), S#-!#mb#< ), , ), a89 O7!%b#. ) T1#(#5#!!#(, a89 /89##9 #v# 5/8# '%m %, 0/v# m# /8#;-#((6/b5# -5#a(#, 8%!&/!1(!a89/80 !1# m#5a871%5 (7#8#( 9#6

(7/b#9 /8 m%(! %' !1#m %' 5a!#. I am 1a-- !% 5#a8 !1a!!1# 'am/5 /( /8 1#a5!1 %87# m%#, a89 1%-# /! &/55 7%86!/8#. M 9! !% m m%!1#. I &/(1 (1# &%59 8%! b#7%87#8#9 ab%! m#. S1# %01! !% 7%8(/9# !1a! a 9(#86!# 7a8, =/55 a( (#5 a( a 7a88%8. T1/( !%&8 /( a( (#7#'%m !1# 7a88%8 a89 m#86%'6&a a( !1# m%%8 /(. I &/(1(1# 1a9 a 5/!!5# %' % '%!/!9#. I 1a9 a!1# b# =/55#9b a ba55 !1a8 5/v# /8 (71 7%8!/8a5 '#a( a( (1# 9%#(.

I 7a8! &/!# a( %'!#8 a( I &/(1. I am #80a0#9 '%m(#v#8 /8 !1# m%8/80 !/55 #5#v#8 a! 8/01!.

T&% -a/ %' 7%5%(, b#5%80/80 !% !1# S#v#8!1 R#0/m#8!,

# b%01! 1## 5a(! 8/01! '%m C1amb5, a89 180 -/8 M(. Ha87%7=( 71amb# &/!1 0#a! (-5#89% a89 #5#60a87#. T1a! 5a9 (#89( 1# 7%m-5/m#8!( a89 0%%9 &/(1#(.Am%80 a 189#9 m#8, a5m%(!, a! !1/( 1%(#, (1# 5/v#( a89b#1av#( &/!1 m%9#(!, 9#7#87, 9/08/!, a89 9/(7#!/%8, Ia((# %. H# b#1av/% /( #a( a89 0#8!##5. S1#av%/9( !a5=/80 -%8 -%5/!/7(. I8 5a0# a89 m/;#9 7%m-a68/#( (1# /( !%!a55 (/5#8!, a( a 5a9 %01! !% b#. B!&1#!1# 1# ##( a# (% -#8#!a!/80, a89 1# a!!#8!/%8 (%/7= !% !1# &%9(, 5%%=(, 0#(!#(, (#8!/m#8!(, #!7., %' !1#/ L#!!#( N%. , , +3, +), --. )3?, )32, ))), )).

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. N%v#mb#,

7%m-a8, a( %( &%59 b#, (a7 a( % a# !1/( &a, I&%8! (a.

B! !% #(m# a m%# (#/%( (b"#7!. Y% a(= m# !%&/!# !% % 'a!1# a89 (/(!#, a89 m 1#a! &/(1#( a895%80( !% 9% /!, b! % 7a8 1av# 8% 7%87#-!/%8 &1a! !1##/( !% -#v#8! m#. I #a55 '#a I (1a55 /8 m(#5' '%&a8! %' #;#7/(#.

++. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

2 N%v#mb#, )++2.

I HOPE % 1av# #7#/v#9 (#v#a5 5#!!#( '%m m# /8!1/( '%!8/01! -a(!. I &%!# b M. L871 a89 b D.Fa8=5/8, !1# 5a!!# %' &1%m I 1a9 !1# -5#a(# %' 9/8/80&/!1, a89 %' a9m//80 1/m, &1%(# 71aa7!# '%m m /86'a87 I 1a9 b##8 !a01! !% v#8#a!#. I '%89 1/m (%7/a5,b! 8%! !a5=a!/v#, a89 &1#8 1# (-%=#, (%m#!1/80 (#'59%--#9 '%m 1/( !%80#. H# &a( 0av#, #! -5#a(a8! a89a''ab5#. Y% =8%& I ma=# (%m# -#!#8(/%8( !% -1(/%068%m, a89 I !1%01! I 7%59 #a9 /8 1/( 7%8!#8a87# !1#v/!#( %' 1/( 1#a!, am%80 &1/71 -a!/%!/(m (1%8# /8 /!('55 5(!#, a89 &/!1 !1a! /( b5#89#9 #v# v/!# %' a

C1/(!/a8 : '% a !# -a!/%! m(! b# a #5/0/%( ma8. I1av# b##8 5#9 !% !1/8= '%m a 5a!# 9#'#7!/%8, ) !1a! 1# &1%


35/141

8#05#7!( 1/( 9! !% 1/( Ma=# ma 7 b# #;-#7!#9 !%b# 9#'/7/#8! a89 /8(/87## /8 1/( 9! !%&a9( !1# -b5/7.Ev#8 (--%(# 1/m !% -%((#(( a 5a0# (1a# %' &1a! /( 7a55#91%8% a89 -b5/7 (-//!, #! 9% 8%! !1#(# m#8, b !1#/ba9 #;am-5#, b a 5%%(#, /mm%a5 7%897!, 7%-! !1#m/89( %' %!1 a89 v/!/a!# !1# m%a5( %' !1# a0#, a89 !1(

/8"# !1# -b5/7 m%# !1a8 !1# 7a8 7%m-#8(a!# b /8!#6-/9/!, 0#8#%(/!, a89 1%8%> L#! #v#80# % amb/!/%8,-/9#, 5(!, % -%'/!, !#m-! !1#(# m#8 !% a ba(# a89 v/5#a7!/%8, % ma a( 7 1%-# !% b/89 - a 180 !/0#&/!1 a 7%bb, a( !% 1%59 (71 9#ba71#9 -a!/%!( /8 !1#v/(/%8a 71a/8( %' 9#7#87, % !% 71am !1#m &/!1 !1#/8!#55#7!a5 b#a! %' !!1 a89 #a(%8.

B! &1## am I 88/80 > I m#a8 !% !1a8= % '% a55% %b5/0/80 'av%( 5a!#5 #7#/v#9 < a89, !1%01 (%m# %'/ O' D. C171.

)++2. ABIGAIL ADAMS. )?

!1#m a# v# 5a7%8/7, #!, # !1# !% 7%8!a/8 %85 !&%5/8#( !% !#55 m# !1a! % # 7, !1# &%59 b# a77#-!6ab5# !% m#. I !1/8=, 1%v#, % a# m%# a--#1#8(/v#!1a8 % 8##9 b# < !1# 0#8!5#ma8 !% &1%(# 67a# !1# 1av#a5&a( b##8 9/#7!#9 1a( b##8 v# =/89 /8 1/( 7%8v#a87#,a89 v# 7a#'5. I 1%-# !1a! /! &/55 8%! 8%& b# 5%80 b#6'%# (1a55 1av# 8#a# /8!#v/#&(. Y% m(! !#55 m#!1a! % &/55 #!8 8#;! m%8!1 < a 5a!# a--%/8!m#8! &/55ma=# /! /87%8v#8/#8! $-%v/9#9 % a77#-! '% % !% 0%a0a/8 !% C%80#((.

I! (##m( 1ma8 8a!# /( !1# (am# /8 a55 a0#( a897%8!/#(. Amb/!/%8 a89 ava/7# #/08 #v#&1##, a89&1## !1# -#9%m/8a!#, !1## &/55 1# b/7=#/80( a'!#-5a7#( %' 1%8% a89 -%'/!. T1## /( a8 %59 a9a0#, K/((6/80 0%#( b 'av%, !1a! /( 9a/5 v#/'/#9. I /875%(# !% %!1# -a-# % (#8! '%. Y% b(/8#(( /8 7%55#7!/80 'a7!(&/55 b# v# 9/''/75!, a89 !1# (''#/80( %' !1/( -#%-5# 7a868%! b# 9#(7/b#9 &/!1 -#8, /8=, a89 -a-#. B#(/9#(, !1#(#m/8/(!#( %' Sa!a8 a# #89#/80 /! #v# 9a m%# a89m%# 9/''/75!, b !1#/ ava0#( a89 9#va(!a!/%8, !% !#55 a!a5# &1/71 &/55 '##@# !1# %80 b5%%9 %' (77##9/80 0#86#a!/%8(, a( 7 a( 1a%& - !1# (%5( %' !1# -#(#8!.

N%!1/80 8#& 1a( !a8(-/#9 (/87# I &%!# % 5a(!. I1av# 8%! 1#a9 %' %8# -#(%8( #(7a-# %! %' !%&8, 8% %'a8 ma8%#v# %' a8 =/89.

I &/55 %85 a(= % !% m#a(# b % %&8 !1# a''#76!/%8a!# #0a9 %' % 8#a#(! '/#89.

+*. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

Ba/8!##, ) N%v#mb#, )++2.

I RECEIVED %( %' ?9 O7!%b#. I &a8! !% 1#a'%m % #v# 9a, a89 I a5&a( '##5 (% &1#8 I 7%m#

!% !1# 75%(# %' a 5#!!#. Y% !/m# m(! b# 0#a!5 #860%((#9 b! 5/!!5# %' /! !% (-a# !% !1# 7a55( %' -/va!#


36/141

'/#89(1/-, a89 I 1av# #a(%8 !% !1/8= I 1av# !1# 5a0#(!(1a# %' /!. W/8!# ma=#( /!( a--%a71#( 'a(!. I 1%-# I(1a55 8%! b# %b5/0#9 !% (-#89 /! &/!1%! m 9#a#(! '/#89.I =8%& 8%! 1%& !% !1/8= %' /!.

5 O' C1/#' J(!/7#.

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. N%v#mb#,

T1# /8!#55/0#87# % &/55 #7#/v# b#'%# !1/( #a71#(% &/55, I (1%59 !1/8=, ma=# a -5a/8 -a!1, !1%01 a 9a860#%( %8#, '% %. I 7%59 8%! "%/8 !%69a /8 !1# -#!/6!/%8( %' % &%!1 -a(!%, '% a #7%87/5/a!/%8 b#!#8% 8% 5%80# -a#8! (!a!#, b! !a8! (!a!#, a89 !1#(# 7%56%8/#(. L#! ( (#-aa!# < !1# a# 8&%!1 !% b# %b#!1#8. L#! ( #8%87# !1#m < a89 /8(!#a9 %' (--5/67a!/%8(, a( '%m#5, '% !1#/ -%(-#/! a89 1a--/8#((, 5#!

( b#(##71 !1# A5m/01! !% b5a(! !1#/ 7%8(#5( a89 b/80!% 8%01! a55 !1#/ 9#v/7#(.

I 1av# 8%!1/80 #ma=ab5# !% &/!# %. A 5/!!5# (=/6m/(1 1a--#8#9 5a(! #=. T1# -a!/75a( I 1av# #89#av6%#9 !% 7%55#7!, b! &1#!1# I 1av# !1# 'a7!( /01!, I am8%! 7#!a/8. A 8mb# %' 7a!!5# # =#-! a! L#71m##(P%/8!, &1## !&% (#8!/8#5( # -5a7#9. I8 a 1/01 !/9# /!/( a8 /(5a89. T1# #05a( 1a9 %b(#v#9 !1/(, a89 a(71#m# &a( 5a/9 !% (#89 a 8mb# %' !1#m %v# a89 !a=#%'' !1# (!%7=. A77%9/805, a 8mb# %' b%a!( a89 ab%!'% 189#9 m#8 # (#8!. T1# 5a89#9, /! (##m(, 86-#7#/v#9 b !1# (#8!/8#5(, &1% # a(5##- < %8# %' &1%m!1# =/55#9, a89 !%%= !1# %!1# -/(%8#. A( (%%8 a( !1## -#7#/v#9, !1# '/#9 !1# 7a88%8 '%m P%(-#7! H/55-%8 !1#m, &1/71 (8= %8# %' !1#/ b%a!( < b!, a( !1# !/9#&a( v# 1/01, /! &a( 9/''/75! 0#!!/80 %v#, a89 (%m# !/m#b#'%# a8 a5am &a( 0/v#8. A C%5%8#5 T1%m-(%8, %' !1#/'5#m#8, ma71#9 /8(!a8!5 &/!1 1/( m#8 < a89, !1%01 av# (!%m 9a, !1# #0a9#9 8%! !1# !/9# 8% &a/!#9'% b%a!(, b! ma71#9 %v# 8#7=61/01 /8 &a!#, a89 9/(671a0#9 !1#/ -/#7#(, &1#8 !1# #05a( a8, &/!1%! &a/!6/80 !% 0#! %'' !1#/ (!%7=, a89 ma9# !1# b#(! %' !1#/ &a!% !1# %--%(/!# (1%#. T1# G#8#a5 (#8! 1/( !1a8=( /8 a-b5/7 ma88# !% !1# bav# %''/7# a89 1/( m#8. Ma"%M/''5/8, I 1#a, &a( !1##, a89 '5#& ab%! a( !1%01 1#&%59 1av# a/(#9 !1# &1%5# am. Ma !1# 8#v# '/89( 9#'/7/#8! /8 7%a0# a89 (-//!.

) T1/( ma #'# !% !1# a7! %' !1# P%v/87/a5 C%80#(( a!1%/@/80 -/va6!##/80, -a((#9 a 9a % !&% b#'%#.

S%m# a77%8! %' !1/( a''a/ /( 0/v#8 /8 !1# R#m#mba87# '% )++, V%5.I. -. < S-a=(( W/!/80( %' Wa(1/80!%8, V%5. III. -. )2+.

)++2. ABIGAIL ADAMS. )2

D. Fa8=5/8 /8v/!#9 m# !% (-#89 !1# &/8!# /8 P1/5a6

9#5-1/a. I (1a55 &/(1 !% b# !1## 85#(( % #!8. I1av# b##8 5/=# a 88 /8 a 75%/(!#, #v# (/87# % !


37/141

a&a, a89 1av# 8%! b##8 /8!% a8 %!1# 1%(# !1a8 m'a!1#( a89 (/(!#(, #;7#-! %87# !% C%5%8#5 /87(. I869##9, I 1av# 8% /875/8a!/%8 '% 7%m-a8. M #v#8/80( a#5%8#(%m# a89 m#5a871%5. I8 !1# 9a!/m# 'am/5 a''a/(!a=# %'' m a!!#8!/%8, b! !1# #v#8/80( a# (-#8! &/!1 m9#-a!#9 -a#8!. I !1#8 m/8a!# -%8 a55 1# 7a# a89

!#89#8#((, a89 am (%m#!/m#( 5%(! a89 ab(%b#9 /8 a '5%%9%' !#89#8#(( ## I am a&a# %' /!, % 7a8 7a55 !% m a/9m %85 -%- a89 (--%!. I m(! b/9 % a9/# < ! /( 5a!#a! 8/01!. M%(! a''#7!/%8a!#5 %(.

+. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

+ N%v#mb#, )++2.

COLONEL WARREN #!8#9 5a(! #= !% P5m%!1, (%!1a! I (1a55 8%! 1#a a8!1/80 '%m % 8!/5 1# 0%#( ba7=a0a/8, &1/71 &/55 8%! b# !/55 !1# 5a(! %' !1/( m%8!1. H#9am-#9 m (-//!( 0#a!5 b !#55/80 m# !1a! !1# C%!

1a9 -%5%80#9 % (!a a8%!1# m%!1. I &a( -5#a(/80m(#5' &/!1 !1# !1%01! !1a! % &%59 (%%8 b# -%8 %#!8. I! /( /8 va/8 !% #-/8#. I 1%-# !1# -b5/7 &/55#a- &1a! I (a7/'/7#.

I &/(1 I =8#& &1a! m/01! !1/80( # 'ab/7a!/80. I'a '%m %' 0%v#8m#8! /( !% b# #(!ab5/(1#9 1##, &1a! %8#&/55 b# a((m#9> W/55 /! b# 5#'! !% % A((#mb5/#( !%71%%(# %8# > A89 &/55 8%! ma8 m#8 1av# ma8 m/89( >A89 (1a55 8%! 8 /8!% 9/((#8(/%8( am%80 %(#5v#( >

I am m%# a89 m%# 7%8v/87#9 !1a! ma8 /( a 9a80#%(7#a!#< a89 !1a! -%, &1#!1# v#(!#9 /8 ma8 % a'#&, /( #v# 0a(-/80, a89, 5/=# !1# 0av#, 7/#(, G/v#,0/v# T1# 0#a! '/(1 (&a55%& - !1# (ma55 < a89 1# &1%/( m%(! (!#8%( '% !1# /01!( %' !1# -#%-5#, &1#8 v#(!#9&/!1 -%, /( a( #a0# a'!# !1# -#%0a!/v#( %' 0%v#86m#8!. Y% !#55 m# %' 9#0##( %' -#'#7!/%8 !% &1/711ma8 8a!# /( 7a-ab5# %' a/v/80, a89 I b#5/#v# /!, b!a! !1# (am# !/m# 5am#8! !1a! % a9m/a!/%8 (1%59 a/(#'%m !1# (7a7/! %' !1# /8(!a87#(.

) T1# 5#0/(5a!/v# 0%v#8m#8!.

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. D#7#mb#,

T1# b/59/80 - a 0#a! #m-/#, &1/71 &a( %85 1/8!#9a! b m 7%#(-%89#8!, ma 8%&, I (--%(#, b# #a5/@#9#v#8 b !1# 8b#5/#v#(. Y#!, &/55 8%! !#8 !1%(a89 9/''/675!/#( a/(# /8 !1# '%ma!/%8 %' /! > T1# #/8( %' 0%v#86m#8! 1av# b##8 (% 5%80 (5a7=#8#9, !1a! I '#a !1# -#%-5#&/55 8%! /#!5 (bm/! !% !1%(# #(!a/8!( &1/71 a# 8#76#((a '% !1# -#a7# a89 (#7/! %' !1# 7%mm8/!. I' (#-aa!# '%m B/!a/8, &1a! 7%9# %' 5a&( &/55 b# #(!ab65/(1#9 > H%& (1a55 b# 0%v#8#9 (% a( !% #!a/8 %5/b#!/#( > Ca8 a8 0%v#8m#8! b# '## &1/71 /( 8%! a96m/8/(!##9 b 0#8#a5 (!a!#9 5a&( > W1% (1a55 'am#!1#(# 5a&( > W1% &/55 0/v# !1#m '%7# a89 #8#0 > I!

/( !#, % #(%5!/%8(, a( a b%9, 1av# 1/!1#!% 1a9 !1#'%7# %' 5a&( < b! &/55 !1# 7%8!/8# !% 1av# >


38/141

W1#8 I 7%8(/9# !1#(# !1/80(, a89 !1# -#"9/7#( %'-#%-5# /8 'av% %' a87/#8! 7(!%m( a89 #05a!/%8(, I '##5a8;/%( '% !1# 'a!# %' % m%8a71, % 9#m%7a7, %&1a!#v# /( !% !a=# -5a7#. I (%%8 0#! 5%(! /8 a 5ab/8!1%' -#-5#;/!/#( < b!, &1a!#v# %77(, ma "(!/7# a89

/01!#%(8#(( b# !1# (!ab/5/! %' % !/m#(, a89 %9# a/(#%! %' 7%8'(/%8. G#a! 9/''/75!/#( ma b# (m%8!#9b -a!/#87# a89 -#(#v#a87#.

I b#5/#v# I 1av# !/#9 % &/!1 -%5/!/7(. A( !% 8#&(, 1av# 8%! a8 a! a55. I (199# a! !1# a--%a71 %'&/8!#, &1#8 I !1/8= I am !% #ma/8 9#(%5a!#.

I m(! b/9 % 0%%9 8/01! < ! /( 5a!# '% m#, &1% amm71 %' a8 /8va5/9. I &a( 9/(a--%/8!#9 5a(! #= /8 #67#/v/80 a -a7=#! b !1# -%(!, a89, -%8 8(#a5/80 /!, '/896/80 %85 '% 8#&(-a-#(. I !1/8= % a# m%# 7a!/%(!1a8 % 8##9 b#. A55 5#!!#(, I b#5/#v#, 1av# 7%m# (a'#

!% 1a89. I 1av# (/;!##8 '%m %, a89 &/(1 I 1a9 a(ma8 m%#. A9/#. Y%(.

*3. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, ? D#7#mb#, )++2.

MY BEST FRIEND, Y%( %' N%v#mb# )!1 ) /( b#6'%# m#. I &/(1 I 7%59 &/!# % #v# 9a, m%# !1a8%87#, '% a5!1%01 I 1av# a 8mb# %' '/#89( a89 ma8/ N%. +*, -. )?.

)++2. JOHN ADAMS. )+

#5a!/%8( &1% a# v# 9#a !% m#, #! a55 !1# '/#89(1/-I 1av# '% %!1#( /( 'a 8#a5 !% !1a! &1/71 &am( m1#a! '% %. T1# m%(! a0##ab5# !/m# !1a! I (-#89 1##/( /8 &/!/80 !% %, a89 7%8v#(/80 &/!1 %, &1#8 I ama5%8#. B! !1# 7a55 %' '/#89(1/- a89 %' -/va!# a''#7!/%8m(! 0/v# -5a7# !% !1a! %' 9! a89 1%8%. Ev#8 -/va!#'/#89(1/- a89 a''#7!/%8( #/# /!.

I am %b5/0#9, b !1# 8a!# %' !1# (#v/7# I am /8, !%7%#(-%89 &/!1 ma8 0#8!5#m#8, b%!1 %' !1# am a89 %'!1# !&% 1%(#( %' A((#mb5, &1/71 !a=#( - m71 %' m!/m#. H%& I '/89 !/m# !% &/!# 1a5' !1# 5#!!#( I 9%, I=8%& 8%!, '% m &1%5# !/m# (##m( #80%((#9 &/!1 b(/68#((. T1# &1%5# C%80#(( /( !a=#8 -, a5m%(!, /8 9/''#6#8! 7%mm/!!##(, '%m (#v#8 !% !#8 /8 !1# m%8/80. F%m!#8 !% '% % (%m#!/m#( '/v#, a# /8 C%80#((, a89'%m (/; !% !#8 /8 7%mm/!!##( a0a/8. I 9%8! m#8!/%8 !1/(!% ma=# % !1/8= m# a ma8 %' /m-%!a87#, b#7a(# /! /(8%! I a5%8#, ) b! !1# &1%5# C%80#(( /( !1( #m-5%#9, b!!% a-%5%0/@# '% 8%! &/!/80 !% % %'!#8#.

I89##9, I =8%& 8%! &1a! !% &/!# !1a! /( &%!1 %#a9/80. I (#89 % !1# -a-#(, &1/71 /8'%m % %'&1a! /( -b5/7. A( !% &1a! -a((#( /8 C%80#((, I am !/#9

'a(! b m 1%8% !% 7%mm8/7a!# 8%!1/80. I 1%-# !1#J%8a5 %' !1# S#((/%8 &/55 b# -b5/(1#9 (%%8, a89 !1#8


39/141

% &/55 (## &1a! 1av# b##8 ab%! /8 %8# v/#&, #;67#-!/80 &1a! %01! !% b# #;7#-!#9. I' I 7%59 v/(/! !1#7%''##61%(#( /8 !1# #v#8/80, a89 !1# 7%''##6!ab5#( %' !1#5a9/#( /8 !1# a'!#8%%8, I 7%59 #8!#!a/8 % &/!1 ma8(ma! #ma=( -%8 9#(( a89 a/, #!7., a89 0/v# % ma8(-/01!5 7%8v#(a!/%8(, b! m 'a!#, % =8%&, /( !% b#

m%-/80 %v# b%%=( a89 -a-#( a55 !1# 5#/(# !/m# I 1av#,&1#8 I 1av# a8.

I 1%-# I (1a55 b# #;7(#9 '%m 7%m/80 !% P1/5a9#5-1/aa0a/8, a! 5#a(! 8!/5 %!1# 0#8!5#m#8 1av# !a=#8 !1#/!8(. B! I 8#v# &/55 7%m# 1## a0a/8 &/!1%! %, /'I 7a8 -#(a9# % !% 7%m# &/!1 m#. W1%m G%9 1a("%/8#9 !%0#!1# %01! 8%! !% b# -! a(89# (% 5%80, &/!1

5 D/80 1/( !#m %' (#v/7# /8 C%80#((, 1# &a( a m#mb# %' 8/8#!, a8971a/ma8 %' !!6'/v# 7%mm/!!##(.

)* FAMILIAR LETTERS. D#7#mb#,

!1#/ %&8 7%8(#8!. W# &/55 b/80 ma(!# J%188 &/!1( < % a89 1# (1a55 1av# !1# (ma556-%; 1##, a89 &/55b# a( 1a-- a( M. Ha87%7= a89 1/( 5a9. T1a8= Abba89 J%18 '% !1#/ 5#!!#(, a89 =/(( C1a5#( a89 T%m '%m#. J%18 &/!#( 5/=# a 1#%, 05%&/80 &/!1 a9% '% 1/(7%8! a89 b8/80 &/!1 /89/08a!/%8 a0a/8(! 1# #8#m/#(.A( !% 7%m/80 1%m#, I 1av# 8% !1%01!( %' /! < (1a55 (!a1## !/55 !1# #a /( %!, '% &1a! I =8%&. A''a/( a# /8a 7/!/7a5 (!a!#, a89 /m-%!a8! (!#-( a# 8%& !a=/80 #v#9a, (% !1a! I 7%59 8%! #7%87/5# /! !% m %&8 m/89 !% b#ab(#8! '%m !1/( -5a7# a! -#(#8!. N%!1/80 /( #;-#7!#9'%m !1# C%mm/((/%8#(, #! a# &a/!/80 '% !1#m /8(%m# #(-#7!(. T1# T%/#( a89 !/m/9( -#!#89 !% #;-#7!0#a! !1/80( '%m !1#m. B! !1# 0#8#a5/! #;-#7! 8%!16/80 b! m%# /8(5!( a89 a''%8!(. P/va!##/80 /( 5/67#8(#9, a89 !1# -%!( a# &/9# %-#8. A( (%%8 a( !1# #6(%5v#( a# -/8!#9, &1/71 &/55 b# !%6m%%&, I &/55 (#89!1#m.

*). ABIGAIL ADAMS.

Ba/8!##, )3 D#7#mb#, )++2.

I RECEIVED % %b5/0/80 'av% b M(. M%0a8, &/!1!1# -a-#( a89 !1# %!1# a!/75#( % (#8!, &1/71 #v# a77#-!ab5# !% m#, a( !1# a# 8%! !% b# -71a(#91##. I (1a55 b# v# 71%/7# %' !1#m.

I 1av#, a77%9/80 !% % 9#(/#, b##8 -%8 a v/(/! !%M(. M%0a8, &1% =##-( a! Ma"% M/''5/8(. I 1a9 #67#/v#9 a m#((a0# '%m M(. M/''5/8 (%m# !/m# a0%, 9#(/6/80 I &%59 v/(/! 1#. M 'a!1#, &1%, % =8%&, /( v#%b5/0/80 /8 !1/( &a, a77%m-a8/#9 m#, a89 I ba9 !1# -5#a(6# %' 9/8=/80 7%''## &/!1 !1# D%7!% a89 1/( 5a9, !1#Ma"% a89 1/( 5a9, a89 a M. a89 M(. Sm/!1 '%m N#&Y%=, a 9a01!# %' !1# 'am%( (%8 %' 5/b#!, Ca-!a/8S#a( < G#8#a5( Ga!#( a89 L## < a D. MH#8 a89 a

M. E5&8, &/!1 ma8 %!1#( &1% # (!a80#( !% m#.I &a( v# -%5/!#5 #8!#!a/8#9, a89 8%!/7#9 b !1# 0#86


40/141

#a5( < m%# #(-#7/a55 G#8#a5 L##, &1% &a( v# 0#8!&/!1 m# !% !a /8 !%&8, a89 9/8# &/!1 1/m a89 !1# 5a9/#(-#(#8!, a! H%b0%b5/8 Ha55, b! I #;7(#9 m(#5'. T1#

)++2. ABIGAIL ADAMS. )

G#8#a5 &a( 9#!#m/8#9 !1a! I (1%59 8%! %85 b# a76a/8!#9 &/!1 1/m, b! &/!1 1/( 7%m-a8/%8( !%%, a89 !1##6'%# -5a7#9 a 71a/ b#'%# m#, /8!% &1/71 1# %9##9 M.S-a9a !% m%8! a89 -#(#8! 1/( -a& !% m# '% a b#!!#a7a/8!a87#. I 7%59 8%! 9% %!1#&/(# !1a8 a77#-! /!.

T1a!, Ma9am, (a( 1#, /( !1# 9%0 &1/71 M. 1a(

#89##9 'am%(.

I &a( (% 5/!!5# &1/5# /8 7%m-a8 &/!1 !1#(# -#(%8(, a89

!1# 7%m-a8 (% m/;#9, !1a! /! &a( a5m%(! /m-%((/b5# !%'%m a8 "90m#8! %' !1#m. T1# D%7!% a--#a#9 m%96#(!, a89 1/( 5a9 a''ab5# a89 a0##ab5#. Ma"% M/''5/8, %=8%&, I &a( a5&a( a8 a9m/# %', a( 7 a( %' 1/( 9#5/67a!# 5a9. I b#5/#v# P1/5a9#5-1/a m(! b# a8 8'#!/5#(%/5, % /! &%59 8%! -%97# (% ma8 8'/!'5 &%m#8.I a5&a( 7%87#/v# %' !1#(# -#(%8( a( &a8!/80 %8# a99/!/%8!% !1#/ 1a--/8#(( < b! /8 !1#(# -#/5%( !/m#(, I =8%&8%! &1#!1# /! %01! !% b# 7%8(/9##9 a( a8 /8'#5/7/!,(/87# !1# a# 7#!a/85 '##9 '%m !1# a8;/#! #v#-a#8! m(! '##5 '% !1#/ /(/80 %''(-/80.

I 9a8= 7%''## %8# 9a &/!1 G#8#a5 S55/va8 -%8W/8!# H/55. H# a--#a( !% b# a ma8 %' (#8(# a89 (-//!.H/( 7%8!#8a87# 9#8%!#( 1/m %' a &am 7%8(!/!!/%8, 8%!!% b# v# (99#85 m%v#9, b!, &1#8 %87# %(#9, 8%!v# #a(/5 555#9, #a( a89 (%7/a5, 7 7a575a!#9 '%a m/5/!a (!a!/%8, a( 1# (##m( !% b# -%((#((#9 %' !1%(#-%-5a a5/!/#( 8#7#((a !% a!!a71 m#8 !% 1/m.

B !1# &a, I 7%80a!5a!# % -%8 % 5a!# 8%b5# a76/(/!/%8 %' m/5/!a (!%#(. ) I! /( a m%(! 0a89 m%!a, Ia((# %. S#5 H#av#8 (m/5#( -%8 (, /8 ma8 #6(-#7!(, a89 1av# 7%8!/8a55 !% (-#a= %' m#7/#(, a(7 a( %' "90m#8!(. I &/(1 % 0a!/!9# ma b# a86&/(# -%-%!/%8a!# !% % b#8#'/!(. I (--%(#, /8 C%80#((,% !1/8= %' #v#!1/80 #5a!/v# !% !a9# a89 7%mm#7#,a( 7 a( %!1# !1/80( < b!, a( I 1av# b##8 9#(/#9 !%m#8!/%8 !% % (%m# !1/80(, I (1a55 8%! %m/! !1#m. O8#/(, !1a! !1## ma b# (%m#!1/80 9%8#, /8 a C%8!/8#8!a5&a, &/!1 #0a9 !% #;7/(# -%8 (-//!%( 5/%(, !1a!#a71 %' !1# N#& E805a89 7%5%8/#( ma b# -%8 !1# (am#5 T1# 7a-!# %' !1# b/0 Na87, b Ca-!a/8 Ma85.

: , . FAMILIAR LETTERS. D#7#mb#.

'%%!/80 < &1##a( '%m#5 (#9 !% -a a8 #;7/(#, a89!1# %!1# 7%5%8/#( 8%8#, % # 5/!!5#, b &1/71 m#a8(

!1# 9#& a&a %a !a9#. A8 #;7/(# /( 8#7#((a, !1%01/! ma b# %b"#7!#9 !% b !1# m#7a8!/5# /8!##(!, aa a !%%


41/141

'##8! (# %' (-//!( #89a80#( !1# b#/80 %' (%7/#!.A8%!1# a!/75# /(, !1a! (%m# m#!1%9 ma b# 9#v/(#9 !%=##- am%80 ( %a 0%59 a89 (/5v#, &1/71 a# 8%& #v#9a (1/--#9 %'' !% !1# W#(! I89/#( '% m%5a((#(, 7%''##, a89OT0V < a89 !1/( I 7a8 aa %' m %&8 =8%&5#90#, !1a! a9%55a /8 (/5v# /( 8%& b#7%m# a 0#a! a/!, a89 %

!a9#( &/55 0/v# % a 189#9 -%89( %' -a-# '%8/8#! %' (/5v#, % 8#a5 !1a! -%-%!/%8. I' a8 !a9# /(a55% !% !1# W#(! I89/#(, &%59 /! 8%! b# b#!!# !% 7a(%m# 7%mm%9/! %' % %&8 -%97# /8 #;71a80# > M#9/6#m#( 7%!!%86&%%5, a89 (%m# %!1# a!/75#(, a# /8 0#a!&a8! %'. F%m#5 (#9 !% -71a(# 7%!!%86&%%5 a!%8# (1/55/80, 5a&'5 m%8#, -# ba0 < 8%& /! /( !1##, a89!1# (7a7/! %' !1a! a!/75# 9/(!#((#( (, a( /! &a( &%01!- &/!1 5#(( !%b5# !1a8 a8 %!1# a!/75# %' 75%!1/80.F5a; /( 8%& '%m a (1/55/80 !% %8# a89 (/;-#87# -# -%89,(1##-( &%%5 #/01!##8-#87#, a89 5/8#8( 8%! !% b# 1a9 a!a8 -/7#. I 7a88%! m#8!/%8 !1# a!/75# /8 !1# E805/(1&a &1/71 /( 8%! 9%b5# < a89 /8 !1# W#(! I89/a

b #!a'5. I (#9 '%m#5 !% -71a(# a! %8# a89#/(1!-#87#, 8%& /! /( !&% a89 #/01!-#87# < am, !1##(1/55/80(< 7%''##, %8# a89 !1##-#87#, a89 a55 %!1# !1/80(/8 -%-%!/%86 C%8 /( '% (1/55/80( -# b(1#5 < #, '/v# A# !1# 1#59 /8 9/(9a/8 a( !1# a# 1## >I! /( 7%m# !% !1a! -a(( 8%&, !1a! !1# 5%80#(! (&%9 m(!9#7/9# !1# 7%8!#(! < a89 !1# (&%9 /( 5#(( 9#a9#9 1## !1a8!1# C%mm/((/%8#(.

Y% m#8!/%8 !1#a!( -%8 B 9. I =8%& %' 8%8#,

8% #v# 1#a9 %' a8 !/55 % m#8!/%8#9 !1#m. T1# T%6/#( 5%%= a 5/!!5# 7#(!'a55#8. A( '% C5#v#5, 1# 5%%=( 5/=#!1# =8/01! %' !1# &%' 5 7%8!#8a87#. I 1#a a55 !1# m%80#5b##9 a# 5#'! /8 B%(!%8, a89 % -#%-5# &1% # -/(%86#( a# -! /8 /%8( a89 7a/#9 %''.

I ma9# a m/(!a=# /8 !1# 8am# %' !1# 0amma. I! /(Ja9%8( /8(!#a9 %' T%%=(. I &/(1 % 7%59 -71a(#L%9 C1#(!#'/#59( L#!!#(. I 1av# 5a!#5 1#a9 !1#m v#1/015 (-%=#8 %'. I (m/5#9 a! % 7%-5#! %' La!/8. Y%9a01!# ma b# ab5# /8 !/m# !% 7%8(!# /!, a( (1# 1a(a5#a9 ma9# (%m# 7%8(/9#ab5# -%'/7/#87 /8 1# a77/69#87# < b! 1# mamma &a( %b5/0#9 !% 0#! /! !a8(5a!#9.Pa &/!# L%9 S!/5/80( 71aa7!#.

I &a8! !% =8%& &1#!1# % 5/v# /8 a8 1am%8 &/!1

, a89 1%& % (#!!5#9 ma!!#(. I !1/8= 1# (##m( /8

b#!!# 1m%. )

I !1/8= I 9% 8%! a9m/# !1# (-##71 '%m !1# %(!m. )T /( a 1#av, /8#5#0a8!, v#b%(# -#'%ma87#, a89 9/9 8%!(!/=# m 'a87 a! a55. I am v# (a7, I (--%(# %&/55 (a. T /( a 5/b#! I !a=# &/!1 %. I8950#87# /( a-!!% (-%/5 %8#. A9/#.

P. S. Pa 7%8v# m# a 5/!!5# -a-#. I 1av# b!#8%01 '% %8# 5#!!# m%#.

M%89a M%8/80.


52/141

A '/8#, /#! 8/01!. N% a5am( 8% 7a88%8. T1#m%# I !1/8= %' % #8#m/#( /!!/80 B%(!%8, !1# m%#

5 I! /( 9/''/75! !% 89#(!a89 !1#(# a55(/%8(. P%bab5 !1# '/(! #'#(!%R. T. Pa/8#, &1% b%# 8% 0%%96&/55 !% M. A9am( < !1# (#7%89, !% a '8#a5

%a!/%8 %8 !1# 9#a!1 %' G#8#a5 M%8!0%m#, "(! 9#5/v##9 b#'%# !1#C%80#((b D. Sm/!1, P%v%(! %' !1# 7%55#0# a! P1/5a9#5-1/a.

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. Ma71,

ama@#9 I am !1a! !1# (1%59 5#av# (71 a 1ab%, (71'%!/'/7a!/%8(, (71 /8!#//71m#8!(, a89 !1a! (1%59 b# /8-#a7#ab5# -%((#((/%8 %' a !%&8 &1/71 #;-#7!#9 &%597%(! ( a /v# %' b5%%9, &/!1%! %8# 9%- (1#9. S#5 /!/( !1# L%9( 9%/80(, a89 /! /( mav#5%( /8 % ##(.

Ev# '%%! %' 0%89 &1/71 !1# %b!a/8 8%& !1# m(!'/01! '%, a89 ma !1# -71a(# /! a! a B8=# H/55 -/7#.

**. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, )+ Ma71, )++.

OUR &%!1 '/#89, Fa8= Da8a, a/v#9 1## 5a(! #v#86/80 '%m N#& Y%=, !% &1/71 -5a7# 1# 7am# 5a!#5 '%mE805a89 /8 !1# -a7=#!. I8 7%m-a8 &/!1 1/m /( a 0#8!5#6ma8 b !1# 8am# %' W/;%8, &1% 1a( b##8 a '/#596%''/7#/8 !1# B/!/(1 am, (#v#9 a55 !1# 5a(! &a /8 G#ma8,a89 1a( (##8 (#v/7# /8 #v# -a! %' E%-#. H# 5#'!!1# am (%m# !/m# a0%, a89 (!9/#9 5a& /8 !1# T#m-5#,/8 &1/71 (7/#87# 1# ma9# a 0#a! -%'/7/#87. H# &%!#,5a!#5, a -am-15#! 89# !1# !/!5# %' T1# R/01!( %' B/!6%8(, &1/71 1# 1a( b%01! %v# &/!1 1/m. H# /( a '/#89%' 5/b#!, a89 !1/8=( "(!5 %' !1# Am#/7a8 #(!/%8.H# 1a( 0#a! ab/5/!/#(, a( 7 a( #;-#/#87# /8. !1# m/5/6!a (7/#87#, a89 /( a8 ab5# #80/8##. I 1%-# (1a55 #m6-5% 1/m.

T1# Ba%8 9# W%#9!=# 1av# ma9# a B/0a9/#60#8#a5, a89 %9##9 1/m !% Ca8a9a. T1# !#(!/m%8/a5( /81/( 'av% I (1a55 /875%(# !% %. ) M/. Da8a( a77%8!, &/!1&1/71 M. W/;%8( a0##(, %01! !% #;!/80/(1, /8 #v#m/89, a55 1%-#( %' #7%87/5/a!/%8 &/!1 G#a! B/!a/8. T1/(9#5(/v# 1%-# 1a( 9%8# ( 0#a! /8"/#(, a89, /' #v# a# /8#9, &/55 b# !1# 7a(# %' % 'a55. A 1a8=#/80a'!# !1# 5##=( %' E0-! ma=#( ( '%0#! !1# 7#5! %' 1#!a(=6ma(!#(.

I (1a55 (''# ma8 (#v## -a/8( %8 % a77%8! '%(%m# 9a(. B a v#((#5 '%m Sa5#m a 7a88%8a9# &a(

) N#/!1# Ma"% W/;%8 8% !1# Ba%8 9# W%#9!=# '5'/55#9 !1# 1%-#('%m#9 %' !1#m. T1# '%m# 9#75/8#9 1/( a--%/8!m#8!, !1# a8= %' 7%5%8#58%! b#/80 #a5 !% 1/( #;-#7!a!/%8(. T1# 5a!!# -%v#9 /8!#m-#a!# a89 &a((%%8 a'!#&a9( 9%&8#9 a! La=# G#%0#.


53/141

)++. JOHN ADAMS. )2

1#a9 '%m 9a= !/55 8/8# %75%7=, 5a(! 8/01! &a( a #=a0%. Y% v/7/8/! !% (71 (7#8#( %' 7a8a0# a89 9#(%5a6!/%8 a(, I '#a, a# 8%& !% b# (##8 /8 B%(!%8 a89 /!( #8v/6%8(, &/55 !1%& % /8!% m71 9/(!#((, b! I b#5/#v# /8

m 7%8(7/#87#, I '##5 m%# 1## !1a8 % 9%. T1# (%89%' 7a88%8 &a( 8%! (% !#/b5# &1#8 I &a( a! Ba/8!##a( /! /( 1##, !1%01 I 1#a /! a! '% 189#9 m/5#( 9/(6!a87#.

Y% 7a8! /ma0/8# &1a! a m%!/'/7a!/%8 I ((!a/8 /8 8%!1av/80 #7#/v#9 a (/805# 5/8# '%m % (/87# -a!#9. I((-#7! (%m# v/55a/8 /8 7%8v#a87#. B !1# #5a!/%8 %'M. Da8a, M. W/;%8, a89 M. T#m-5#, M. H!71/8(%8,M. S#&a55, a89 !1#/ a((%7/a!#( a# /8 0#a! 9/(0a7# /8E805a89. P#(%8( a# a(1am#9 !% b# (##8 !% (-#a= !%!1#m. T1# 5%%= 9#(-/(#9 a89 (8=.

I (1a55 /875%(# a8 #;!a7! %' a 5#!!# '%m M%8(. D6b%0 /8 Pa/(, a89 a !#(!/m%8/a5 /8 'av% %' % P((/a8G#8#a5. A9/#.

*. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, ) Ma71.

YESTERDAY I 1a9 !1# 5%80 #;-#7!#9 a89 m71 &/(1#9-5#a(# %' a 5#!!# '%m %, %' va/%( 9a!#( '%m !1# 9!% !1# )3!1 Ma71. T1/( /( !1# '/(! 5/8# I 1av# #7#/v#9(/87# I 5#'! %. I &%!# % '%m Wa!#!%&8, I b#5/#v#,#5a!/80 m '#a(! a! !1# a!#ma(!#60#8#a5( &/!1 !1#Ca018a&a0a I89/a8(, a89 '%m Fam/801am a8 a77%8! %'!1# %98a87# !1##, a89 '%m N#& Y%= I (#8! % a-am-15#!. H%-# % #7#/v#9 !1#(#. S/87# I a/v#91## I 1av# &/!!#8 !% % a( %'!#8 a( I 7%59.

I am m71 -5#a(#9 &/!1 % 7a!/%8 /8 % 5#!!#, /8av%/9/80 8am#( b%!1 %' -#(%8( a89 -5a7#(, % a8 %!1#7/7m(!a87#( &1/71 m/01! 9#(/08a!# !% (!a80#( !1# &/!#,% !1# -#(%8 &/!!#8 !%, % !1# -#(%8( m#8!/%8#9. C1a6a7!#( a89 9#(7/-!/%8 &/55 9% a( 7.

T1# 5/# &1/71 % (a %77a(/%8#9 (71 9/(-!#( a! !1#

!av#8 &a( 7/%( #8%01. W1% 7%59 ma=# a89 (-#a9

/! > I am m71 %b5/0#9 !% a8 875# '% 1/( '/#89(1/-. M

&%!1 '#55%&67/!/@#8( ma b# #a( ab%! m#. I 8#v# 7a8

)3

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. Ma71,

'%(a=# &1a! I !a=# !% b# !1#/ /8!##(!(. M %&8 1av#8#v# b##8 7%8(/9##9 b m# /8 7%m-#!/!/%8 &/!1 !1#/(.

M #a(#, m 9%m#(!/7 1a--/8#((, m a5 -5#a(#(, m5/!!5# -%-#!, m -#(%8a5 5/b#!, m #-!a!/%8, m


54/141

5/'#, 1av# 5/!!5# /01! a89 #v# 1a9 /8 m %&8 #(!/ma6!/%8, /8 7%m-a/(%8 &/!1 !1# 0#a! %b"#7! %' m 7%8!.I 7a8 (a %' /! &/!1 (/87#/!, a( H%a7# (a( %' v/!#, T% Am#/7a %85 a89 1# '/#89( a '/#89.

Y% a(= &1a! /( !1%01! %' C%mm%8 S#8(#. S#8(/b5#

m#8 !1/8= !1## a# (%m# &1/m(, (%m# (%-1/(m(, (%m# a!6'5 a99#((#( !% (-#(!/!/%( 8%!/%8(, (%m# =##8 a!!#m-!(-%8 !1# -a((/%8(, /8 !1/( -am-15#!. B! a55 a0## !1##/( a 0#a! 9#a5 %' 0%%9 (#8(# 9#5/v##9 /8 75#a, (/m-5#, 7%867/(#, a89 8#v%( (!5#. H/( (#8!/m#8!( %' !1# ab/5/!/#( %'Am#/7a, a89 %' !1# 9/''/75! %' a #7%87/5/a!/%8 &/!1 G#a!B/!a/8, a# 0#8#a55 a--%v#9. B! 1/( 8%!/%8( a89-5a8( %' 7%8!/8#8!a5 0%v#8m#8! a# 8%! m71 a--5a9#9.I89##9, !1/( &/!# 1a( a b#!!# 1a89 /8 -55/80 9%&8 !1a8b/59/80. I! 1a( b##8 v# 0#8#a55 -%-a0a!#9 !1%01!1# 7%8!/8#8! !1a! I &%!# !1/( -am-15#!. B! a5!1%01 I7%59 8%! 1av# &/!!#8 a8!1/80 /8 (% ma85 a89 (!/=/80a (!5#, I '5a!!# m(#5' I (1%59 1av# ma9# a m%# #(-#7!6

ab5# '/0# a( a8 a71/!#7!, /' P 1a9 89#!a=#8 (71 a

O +

&%=. T1/( &/!# (##m( !% 1av# v# /8a9#a!# /9#a( %'&1a! /( -%-# a89 8#7#((a !% b# 9%8# /8 %9# !% '%m7%8(!/!!/%8( '% (/805# 7%5%8/#(, a( 7 a( a 0#a! m%9#5 %'8/%8 '% !1# &1%5#.

Y% 9/(!#((#(, &1/71 % 1av# -a/8!#9 /8 (71 5/v#57%5%(, I '##5 /8 #v# 5/8# a( I #a9. I 9a# 8%! &/!# a55!1a! I !1/8= -%8 !1/( %77a(/%8. I &/(1 % -#%-5# 1a9!a=#8 -%((#((/%8 %' N%%=( H/55 a! !1# (am# !/m# &1#8 !1#0%! !1# %!1# 1#/01!(, a89 b#'%# !1# m/5/!/a &a( 9/(m/((#9.

P%% 7%(/8 I -/! 1/m. H%& m71 (%#v# 1# ma5am#8! 7#!a/8 5#!!#(, ) I 9%8! 5am#8!. I 8#v# #-#8! %'&1a! &a( 8% (/8. M/('%!8#( ma b# b%8# &/!1%!

) T1# /8!#7#-!#9 5#!!#(. M(. A9am(( 7%(/8, &1% 5am#8!#9 !1#m, 1a97a01! !1# '##5/80( %' !1%(# ab%! 1/m. T1# (-//! %' /89#-#89#87# &1/71!1#5#!!#( (1% &a( 9/(a--%v#9 b ma8 /8 E805a89 &1% (m-a!1/@#9 &/!1Am#/7a, a89 (!/55 &/(1#9 !% =##- %-#8 !1# av#8#( !% #7%87/5/a!/%8.

)++. JOHN ADAMS. )+

&1/8/80. B! /' I 7a8 b#5/#v# M. Da8a, !1%(# 5#!!#(# m71 a9m/#9 /8 E805a89. I 7a8! 1#5- 5a01/80&1#8 I &/!# /!, b#7a(# !1# # #a55 (71 1a(!, 79#(7a-(. I' I 7%59 1av# '%#(##8 !1#/ 'a!#, !1# (1%591av# b##8 '/! !% b# (##8, a89 &%!1 a55 !1# 8%/(# !1# 1av#ma9#. M. Da8a (a( !1# # 7%8(/9##9 /8 E805a89a( 7%8!a/8/80 a 7%m-#1#8(/v# /9#a %' &1a! &a( 8#7#((a!% b# 9%8#, a89 a( (1%&/80 #(%5!/%8 #8%01 !% 9% /!.W#!71#9 (!'' a( !1# #a55 #, a77%9/80 !% 1/m !1#1av# 7%8!/b!#9 (%m#&1a! !%&a9( ma=/80 7#!a/8 -#(%8(!% b# !1%01! !1# 0#a!#(! (!a!#(m#8 /8 !1# &%59. S%

m71 '% va8/!.


55/141

M 5%v#, 9!, #(-#7!(, a89 7%m-5/m#8!( &1##v# !1#b#5%80. V/0/8/a &/55 b# 7 9#'#89#9. S% &/55 N#&Y%=. S% &/55 S%!1 Ca%5/8a. Am#/7a &/55 ##5%80a/(# 1# v%/7# a5%9 a89 a((m# a b%59# a/.

3. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, Ma71, )++.

I GIVE % "% %' B%(!%8 a89 C1a5#(!%&8, %87# m%#!1# 1ab/!a!/%8 %' Am#/7a8(. I am &a/!/80 &/!1 0#a! /m6-a!/#87# '% 5#!!#( '%m %, &1/71 I =8%& &/55 7%8!a/8ma8 -a!/75a(. W# a# !a=/80 -#7a!/%8( !% 9#'#89#v# -5a7# !1a! /( /8 9a80#, !1# Ca%5/8a(, V/0/8/a, N#&Y%=, Ca8a9a. I 7a8 !1/8= %' 8%!1/80 b! '%!/'/80 B%(6!%8 1ab%. I &a8! m%# 7a88%8 !1a8 a# !% b# 1a9. I&a8! a '%!/'/7a!/%8 -%8 P%/8! A59#!%8, %8# -%8 L% v#/5(I(5a89, %8# -%8 G#%0#( I(5a89, (#v#a5 -%8 L%80I(5a89, %8# -%8 !1# M%%8, %8# -%8 Sa8!m. I &a8!

!% 1#a %' 1a5' a 9%@#8 '/#6(1/-(, a89 !&% % !1## 189#9'/#6a'!( -#-a#9. I &a8! !% 1#a %' %&60a55#(, '5%a!/80ba!!#/#( b/5!, a89 b%%m( 5a/9 a7%(( !1# 71a88#5 /8 !1#8a%&(, a89 Va/((#a; 9# P/(# (8= /8 /!. I &/(1 !%1#a !1a! % a# !a8(5a!/80 Ba/8!## 7%mm%8( /8!% !1#71a88#5. N% #''%!(, 8% #;-#8(# a# !%% #;!ava0a8! '%m# !% &/(1 '%, !% '%!/' !1a! 1ab% (% a( !% ma=# /! /m6-#08ab5#. I 1%-# #v#b%9 &/55 "%/8 a89 &%= 8!/5 /!/( 9%8#.

W# 1av# !1/( #= 5%(! a v# va5ab5# '/#89 %' !1#

)* FAMILIAR LETTERS. Ma71,

7%5%8/#( /8 G%v#8% Wa9, %' R1%9# I(5a89, b !1# (ma556-%; /8 !1# 8a!a5 &a. H# 8#v# &%59 1#a=#8 !% 1/('/#89(, &1% 1av# b##8 7%8(!a8!5 a9v/(/80 1/m !% b# /8%765a!#9, #v# (/87# !1# '/(! C%80#(( b#0a8. B! 1# &%598%! b# -#(a9#9. Nmb#(, &1% 1av# b##8 /8%75a!#9,1av# 0%8# !1%01 !1/( 9/(!#m-# &/!1%! a8 9a80#, %#v#8 7%8'/8#m#8!, b! 8%!1/80 &%59 9%. H# m(! !a=# /!/8 !1# 8a!a5 &a a89 9/#. H# &a( a8 am/ab5# a89 a(#8(/b5# ma8, a (!#a9'a(! '/#89 !% 1/( 7%8! -%8 v#-# -/87/-5#(. H/( '8#a5 &a( a!!#89#9 &/!1 !1# (am#(%5#m8/!/#( a( M. Ra89%5-1(. M. S!/55ma8 b#/80 !1#A8aba-!/(! m/8/(!# 1##, %' &1/71 -#(a(/%8 &a( !1#G%v#8%, &a( 9#(/#9 b C%80#(( !% -#a71 a (#m%8,&1/71 1# 9/9 &/!1 0#a! a--5a(#.R#m#mb# m# a( % %01!.

). ABIGAIL ADAMS.

Ba/8!##, ?) Ma71, )++.

I WISH % &%59 #v# &/!# m# a 5#!!# 1a5' a( 5%80 a(I &/!# %, a89 !#55 m#, /' % ma, &1## % '5##! a#0%8# < &1a! (%! %' 9#'#8(# V/0/8/a 7a8 ma=# a0a/8(! %7%mm%8 #8#m < &1#!1# /! /( (% (/!a!#9 a( !% ma=# a8

ab5# 9#'#8(#. A# 8%! !1# 0#8! 5%9(, a89 !1# 7%mm%8-#%-5# va((a5(> A# !1# 8%! 5/=# !1# 87/v/5/@#9 va((a5(


56/141

B/!a/8 #-#(#8!( ( !% b# > I 1%-# !1#/ /'5#m#8, &1%1av# (1%&8 !1#m(#5v#( v# (ava0# a89 #v#8 b5%%96!1/(!,a# 8%! a (-#7/m#8 %' !1# 0#8#a5/! %' !1# -#%-5#. I am&/55/80 !% a55%& !1# 7%5%8 0#a! m#/! '% 1av/80 -%97#9a Wa(1/80!%8 < b! !1# 1av# b##8 (1am#'55 9-#9 b aD8m%#.

I 1av# (%m#!/m#( b##8 #a9 !% !1/8= !1a! !1# -a((/%8 '%5/b#! 7a88%! b# #a55 (!%80 /8 !1# b#a(!( %' !1%(# &1%1av# b##8 a77(!%m#9 !% 9#-/v# !1#/ '#55%&67#a!#( %'!1#/(. O' !1/( I am 7#!a/8, !1a! /! /( 8%! '%89#9 -%8!1a! 0#8#%( a89 C1/(!/a8 -/87/-5# %' 9%/80 !% %!1#( a( &%59 !1a! %!1#( (1%59 9% 8!% (.

D% 8%! % &a8! !% (## B%(!%8 > I am '#a'5 %' !1#(ma556-%;, % I (1%59 1av# b##8 /8 b#'%# !1/( !/m#. I 0%!M. Ca8# !% 0% !% % 1%(# a89 (## &1a! (!a!# /! &a( /8.

)++. ABIGAIL ADAMS. )

I '/89 /! 1a( b##8 %77-/#9 b %8# %' !1# 9%7!%( %' a #0/6m#8! < v# 9/!, b! 8% %!1# 9ama0# 1a( b##8 9%8# !% /!.T1# '#& !1/80( &1/71 # 5#'! /8 /! a# a55 0%8#. I 5%%=-%8 /! a( a 8#& a7/(/!/%8 %' -%-#! a -%-#! &1/71%8# m%8!1 a0% I 9/9 8%! va5# a! a (/805# (1/55/80, a89&%59 &/!1 -5#a(# 1av# (##8 /! /8 '5am#(.

T1# !%&8 /8 0#8#a5 /( 5#'! /8 a b#!!# (!a!# !1a8 #;-#7!#9 < m%# %&/80 !% a -#7/-/!a!# '5/01! !1a8 a8#0a9 !% !1# /81ab/!a8!( < !1%01 (%m# /89/v/9a5( 9/(67%v##9 a (#8(# %' 1%8% a89 "(!/7#, a89 1av# 5#'! !1# #8!%' !1# 1%(#( /8 &1/71 !1# #, '% !1# %&8#(, a89 !1#'8/!# 81!, %, /' 9ama0#9, (''/7/#8! !% ma=# /! 0%%9.O!1#( 1av# 7%mm/!!#9 ab%m/8ab5# ava0#(. T1# ma8(/%861%(# %' % P#(/9#8! /( (a'#, a89 !1# '8/!# 81!

A( !% % #;!a%9/8a 7%9# %' 5a&(, I 7a88%! b!5a01. W# 1av# b##8 !%59 !1a! % (!005# 1a( 5%%(#8#9!1# b%89( %' 0%v#8m#8! #v#&1## < !1a! 71/59#8 a89a--#8!/7#( # 9/(%b#9/#8! < !1a! (71%%5( a89 7%55#0#(# 0%&8 !b5#8! < !1a! I89/a8( (5/01!#9 !1#/ 0a96/a8(, a89 8#0%#( 0#& /8(%5#8! !% !1#/ ma(!#(. B! %5#!!# &a( !1# '/(! /8!/ma!/%8 !1a! a8%!1# !/b#, m%# 86m#%( a89 -%'5 !1a8 a55 !1# #(!, # 0%&8 9/(7%86!#8!#9. T1/( /( a!1# !%% 7%a(# a 7%m-5/m#8!, b! %a# (% (a7, I &%8! b5%! /! %!. D#-#89 -%8 /!, =8%&b#!!# !1a8 !% #-#a5 % ma(75/8# ((!#m(. A5!1%01!1# a# /8 '55 '%7#, % =8%& !1# a# 5/!!5# m%# !1a8!1#%. W# 9a# 8%! #;#! % -% /8 /!( '55 5a!/!9#.W# a# %b5/0#9 !% 0% 'a/ a89 (%'!5, a89, /8 -a7!/7#, %=8%& a# !1# (b"#7!(. W# 1av# %85 !1# 8am# %'ma(!#(, a89 a!1# !1a8 0/v# - !1/(, &1/71 &%59 7%m6-5#!#5 (b"#7! ( !% !1# 9#(-%!/(m %' !1# -#!!/7%a!, I 1%-#G#8#a5 Wa(1/80!%8 a89 a55 % bav# 1#%#( &%59 '/01! I !1/8=!1# %01! !% b# !a8(-%!#9 !% E805a89. I &%59 a9v#6!/(# '% T% !a8(-%!(.

Ha8%v# 1a( ma9# 5a0# a8!/!/#( %' (a5!-#!#. T1/(#= a# !% 1%59 7%! 1##, b! I 9% 8%! /ma0/8# a86!1/80 &/55 b# 9%8#. I 1av# a 5#!!# '%m % !1# !1 %'Ma71. I! /( (a/9 !1## /( %8# '%m M. G# !1# ?9%' A-/5, a7a/8!/80 ( &/!1 % %-#8/80 !a9#. W1% /(!1# &/!# %' C%mm%8 S#8(# > %' Ca!% > %' Ca((a869a > I &/(1 % &%59, a77%9/80 !% -%m/(#, &/!# m#a8 a77%8! %' L%9 S!/5/80. W# =8%& 8%!1/80 ab%!1/m 1##.

A55 !1# T%/#( 5%%= 7#(!6'a55#8. S#v#a5 9#(#!#( '%m%8 b%a9 !1# 7%mm%9%#( (1/- (a !1a! /! /( v# (/7=5%8 b%a9. W# 1av# %85 !1a! a89 !&% % !1## 7!!#(b#(/9#(. W# '#a !1a! a b/0, 5a9#8 &/!1 (#v#8! !%8( %'

)2* FAMILIAR LETTERS. A-/5,

-%&9#, &1/71 (a/5#9 '%m N#&b-%!, 1a( 'a55#8 /8!% !1##8#m( 1a89( -%8 1# #!8.

I #"%/7# /8 !1# S%!1#8 v/7!%/#(. T1# %a!/%8 &a( av# #5#0a8! -#'%ma87#, b! 8%! &/!1%! m71 a!, a'#& (!%=#( &1/71 !% m# /8"# /!.

. JOHN ADAMS.

)2 A-/5.

I SEND % #v# 8#&(-a-# !1a! 7%m#( %!, a89 I (#89%, 8%& a89 !1#8, a '#& (1##!( %' -a-#, b! !1/( a!/75#/( a( (7a7# 1## a( &/!1 %. I &%59 (#89 a /#, /' I7%59 0#! a 7%8v#a87#.

I &/!# % 8%& a89 !1#8 a 5/8#, a( %'!#8 a( I 7a8, b!

I 7a8 !#55 % 8% 8#&( b! &1a! I (#89 /8 !1# -b5/7-a-#(.


64/141

W# a# &a/!/80, /! /( (a/9, '% C%mm/((/%8#(< a m#((/a1!1a! &/55 8#v# 7%m#. T1/( (!% %' C%mm/((/%8#( /( a(aa8! a8 /55(/%8 a( #v# &a( 1a!71#9 /8 !1# ba/8 %' a8#8!1(/a(!, a -%5/!/7/a8, % a ma8/a7. I 1av# 5a01#9 a!/!, (7%59#9 a! /!, 0/#v#9 a! /!, a89 I 9%8! =8%& b! I ma,

a! a8 80a9#9 m%m#8!, 1av# /-9 a! /!. B! /! /( va/8!% #a(%8 a0a/8(! (71 9#5(/%8(. I &a( v# (% !% (##,/8 a 5#!!# '%m !1# G#8#a5, !1a! 1# 1a9 b##8 bbb5#9&/!1 /! < a89 (!/55 m%#, !% (##, /8 a 5#!!# '%m m (a0a67/%( '/#89 W., ) a! P5m%!1, !1a! 1# &a( !a=#8 /8 !%%.

M %-/8/%8 /( !1a! !1# C%mm/((/%8#( a89 !1# 7%mm/(6(/%8 1av# b##8 1## $I m#a8 /8 Am#/7a, !1#(# !&%m%8!1(. T1# G%v#8%(, Ma89am( C%87/55%(, C%565#7!%( a89 C%m-!%55#(, a89 C%mma89#( %' !1# ama89 8av, I 7%8"#7!#, 7%m-%(# !1# 5/(!, a89 !1#/ -%/( !% #7#/v# (bm/((/%8(. B! a# 8%! /8 a v# (b6m/((/v# m%%9. T1# &/55 0#! 8% a9va8!a0# %' (. W#

(1a55 0% %8 !% -#'#7!/%8, I b#5/#v#. I 1av# b##8 v# b('% (%m# !/m# < 1av# &/!!#8 ab%! !#8 (1##!( %' -a-#,&/!1 m %&8 1a89, ab%! (%m# !/'5/80 a''a/(, &1/71 Ima m#8!/%8 (%m# !/m# % %!1# 8%! 8%&, '% '#a %'a77/9#8!(.

/ Jam#( Wa#8.

a A'!#&a9( -b5/(1#9 89# !1# !/!5# %' T1%01!( %8 G%v#8m#8!.

)++. JOHN ADAMS. )2

W1a! &/55 7%m# %' !1/( 5ab%, !/m# &/55 9/(7%v#. I(1a55 0#! 8%!1/80 b /!, I b#5/#v#, b#7a(# I 8#v# 0#! a86!1/80 b a8!1/80 !1a! I 9%. I am (# !1# -b5/7 %-%(!#/! %01! !% 0#! (%m#!1/80. I b#5/#v# m 71/59#8&/55 !1/8= I m/01! a( 7 1av# !1%01! a89 5ab%#9 a5/!!5#, 8/01! a89 9a, '% !1#/ b#8#'/!. B! I &/55 8%! b#a!1# #-%a71#( %' m 71/59#8. I &/55 !#55 !1#m !1a! I(!9/#9 a89 5ab%#9 !% -%7# a '## 7%8(!/!!/%8 %' 0%v6#8m#8! '% !1#m !% (%5a7# !1#m(#5v#( 89#, a89 /' !1#9% 8%! -#'# !1/( !% am-5# '%!8#, !% #a(# a89 #5#0a87#,!1# a# 8%! m 71/59#8, a89 I 7a# 8%! &1a! b#7%m#( %'!1#m. T1# (1a55 5/v# -%8 !1/8 9/#!, a m#a8 75%!1#(,a89 &%= 1a9 &/!1 71##'5 1#a!( a89 '## (-//!(, % !1#ma b# !1# 71/59#8 %' !1# #a!1, % %' 8% %8#, '% m#.

J%18 1a( 0#8/(, a89 (% 1a( C1a5#(. Ta=# 7a# !1a!!1# 9%8! 0% a(!a. C5!/va!# !1#/ m/89(, /8(-/# !1#/5/!!5# 1#a!(, a/(# !1#/ &/(1#(. F/; !1#/ a!!#8!/%8 -%80#a! a89 05%/%( %b"#7!(. R%%! %! #v# 5/!!5# !1/80.W##9 %! #v# m#a88#((. Ma=# !1#m 0#a! a89 ma85.T#a71 !1#m !% (7%8 /8"(!/7#, /80a!/!9#, 7%&a9/7#, a89'a5(#1%%9. L#! !1#m #v## 8%!1/80 b! #5/0/%8, m%a5/!,a89 5/b#!.

Abb a89 T%mm a# 8%! '%0%!!#8 b m#, a5!1%01 I9/9 8%! m#8!/%8 !1#m b#'%#. T1# '/(!, b #a(%8 %' 1#

(#;, #/#( a 9/''##8! #97a!/%8 '%m !1# !&% I 1av#m#8!/%8#9. O' !1/(, % a# !1# %85 "90#. I &a8! !%


65/141

(#89 #a71 %' m 5/!!5# -#!! '5%7= (%m# -#(#8! % %!1#.I 1av# &a5=#9 %v# !1/( 7/! !! !/m#(, a89 0a-#9 a!#v# (1%-, 5/=# a 7%8!ma8, !% '/89 (%m#!1/80, b! 7%598%!. A(= #v# %8# %' !1#m &1a! !1# &%59 71%%(# !%1av#, a89 &/!# /! !% m# /8 % 8#;! 5#!!#. F%m !1/( I(1a55 "90# %' !1#/ !a(!# a89 'a87 a89 9/(7#!/%8.

+. JOHN ADAMS TO JOHN . ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, )* A-/5, )++.

I THANK % '% % a0##ab5# 5#!!# %' !1# !1 %'Ma71. I #"%/7# &/!1 % !1a! % '/#89( a# %87# m%#/8 -%((#((/%8 %' !1# !%&8 %' B%(!%8 < am 05a9 !% 1#a !1a!(% 5/!!5# 9ama0# /( 9%8# !% % 1%(#.

)3 FAMILIAR LETTERS. A-,

I 1%-# % a89 % (/(!# a89 b%!1#( &/55 !a=# -%-#8%!/7# %' !1#(# 0#a! #v#8!(, a89 #m#mb# 89# &1%(#&/(# a89 =/89 P%v/9#87# !1# a# a55 7%897!#9. N%! a(-a%& 'a55(, 8% a 1a/ /( 5%(!, b! b !1# 9/#7!/%8 %'/8'/8/!# &/(9%m. M71 5#(( a# 7/!/#( 7%8##9 a89 #va76a!#9. I 1%-# !1a! % &/55 a55 #m#mb# 1%& ma8 5%((#(,9a80#(, a89 /87%8v#8/#87#( 1av# b##8 b%8# b % -a6#8!(, a89 !1# /81ab/!a8!( %' B%(!%8 /8 0#8#a5, '% !1# (a=#%' -#(#v/80 '##9%m '% % a89 %(, a89 I 1%-# %&/55 a55 '%55%& !1# v/!%( #;am-5#, /', /8 a8 '!# !/m#,% 7%8!( 5/b#!/#( (1a55 b# /8 9a80#, a89 (''# #v#1ma8 #v/5 a!1# !1a8 0/v# !1#m -. M 5%v# !% %mamma, % (/(!# a89 b%!1#(, a89 a55 !1# 'am/5. Iam % a''#7!/%8a!# 'a!1#.

*. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

)* A-/5, )++.

I CANNOT %m/! (% 0%%9 a8 %--%!8/! a( %''#( b M.C171 %' !#55/80 % !1a! a# a55 7. I &%!# %!&% 5#!!#( 5a(! #=, &1/71 I (#8! !% Wa!#!%&8. I8!1%(# I (a/9 #v#!1/80 !1a! %77#9 !% m m/89. N%!16/80 (/87# %' a8 /m-%!a87# 1a( !a=#8 -5a7#. T1# )!1 %'A-/5, #v# m#m%ab5# '% Am#/7a a( !1# I9#( %' Ma71!% R%m# a89 !% Ca#(a, /( '/;#9 -%8 '% !1# #;am/8a!/%8%' !1# T%/#( b a 7%mm/!!## '%m !1# G#8#a5 C%!. I7%59 1av# &/(1#9 !1a! (%m# %!1# -#(%8( /8 !1# %%m %'%8# % !&% m/01! 1av# b##8 71%(#8. I! /( (% 9a80#%(m#8!/%8/80 8am#( !1a! I #'# % !% M. C171 '% !1#8am#( %' !1# 7%mm/!!##, a89 !1#8 % &/55 #a(/5 0#((&1% I m#a8.

I &/(1 I 7%59 !#55 % !1a! b(/8#(( /8 !1# '%!/'/7a!/%8&a ! %8 b/(=5 < b! a (!#8 m#mb# %' !1# G#86#a5 C%!, &1% 1a( 0#a! /8'5#87# !1##, 1a( 0%! /! /8!%1/( 1#a9 !1a! F%! H/55 a89 N%995#( I(5a89 a# (''/7/#8!,a89 !1%01 a ma8 -%((#((#9 %' a v# 0%%9 1#a!, /( (%m#6!/m#( %b(!/8a!#5 &%80.

T1# C%! %' S#((/%8( (a! #(!#9a, a89 ! %8 &/!1


66/141

b(/8#(( v# (m%%!15.

W# 1#a !1a! C%80#(( 1a( 9#75a#9 a '## !a9# < a89

)++. ABIGAIL ADAMS. ))

I 0/v# % "% %' !1# (77#(( %' A9m/a5 H%-=/8(, 8%! %85/8 1/( #;-#9/!/%8, b! /8 1/( (77#(( -%8 1/( #!8.G#a! B/!a/8, I !1/8=, /( 8%! /!# %m8/-%!#8! a! (#a a8m%# !1a8 -%8 !1# 5a89.

Y% -%m/(#9 !% 7%m# a89 (## m# /8 Ma % J8#.S1a55 I #;-#7! %, % 9% % 9#!#m/8# !% (!a %! !1##a > I v# 7 #m#mb# &1#8 !1# #a(!#8 7/7/!( %'!1# 7%!(, &1/71 5a(!#9 a m%8!1, # !1%01! a8 a0#,a89 a8 ab(#87# %' !1## m%!1( /8!%5#ab5#. B! a#7a/#9 '%m (!#- !% (!#-, a89 '%m %8# 9#0## !% a8%!1#,

!% #89# !1a! &1/71 a! '/(! !1/8= /m-%((/b5#.

B! I a((# % I am %b5/0#9 !% ma=# (# %' #a(%8a89 -1/5%(%-1 /8 a99/!/%8 !% 7(!%m, !% '##5 -a!/#8!. B#a((#9 I a5&a( #m#mb# % a( I %01!, !1a! /(, &/!1!1# =/89#(! a''#7!/%8. PORTIA.

. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

) A-/5, )++.

I HAVE !% a7=8%&5#90# !1# #7#/-! %' a v# '#& 5/8#(9a!#9 !1# )!1 %' A-/5. Y% ma=# 8% m#8!/%8 %' !1#&1%5# (1##!( I 1av# &%!# !% %, b &1/71 I "90# %#/!1# 8#v# #7#/v#9 !1#m, % !1a! !1# # (% 5#80!1a( !% b# !%b5#(%m# < a89 /8 #!8 % 1av# (#! m# a8#;am-5# %' b#/80 v# 7%87/(#. I b#5/#v# I (1a55 8%! !a=#!1# 1/8!, b! 0/v# a( I 5%v# !% #7#/v#. M. C171 !a5=#9a #= a0% %' (#!!/80 %'' '% P1/5a9#5-1/a. I &%!# b1/m, b! (--%(# /! 1a( 8%! #! 0%8#. Y% 1av# -#1a-(1#a9 !1a! !1# b#871 /( '/55#9 b M#(((. F%(!# a89 S55/6va8, (% !1a! a 7#!a/8 -#(%8 /( 8%& #;759#9. I %&8 I am8%! %' (% '%0/v/80 a 9/(-%(/!/%8 a( !% &/(1 !% (## 1/m 1%596/80 a -5a7# &1/71 1# #'(#9 m##5 '%m a (-//! %' #8v.

I 0/v# - m ##(! '% C1#(!#'/#59( L#!!#(, (b6m/!!/80 #8!/#5 !% % "90m#8!, a( I 1av# #v# '%89% #a9 !% %b5/0# m# /8 !1/( &a &1#8#v# % !1%01!/! &%59 7%8!/b!# #/!1# !% m #8!#!a/8m#8! % /m-%v#6m#8!. I &a( 5#9 !% !1# ##(! '%m #a9/80 !1# '%55%&6/80 71aa7!# %' 1/m /8 m 'av%/!# T1%m(%8, '%m (%m#(-//!#9 a89 -a!/%!/7 (-##71#( %' 1/( /8 !1# #/08 %'G#%0# II. :

))

) FAMILIAR LETTERS. A-/5,

!1% &1%(# &/(9%m, (%5/9 #! #'/8#9,W1%(# -a!/#8!6v/!#( a89 7%8(mma!# (=/55


67/141

T% !%71 !1# '/8# (-/80( !1a! m%v# !1# &%59,J%/8#9 !% &1a!## !1# Ga7#( 7a8 b#(!%&,A89 a55 A-%55%( a8/ma!/80 '/#,G/v# !1## &/!1 -5#a(/80 9/08/! !% (1/8#A! %87# !1# 0a9/a8, %8am#8!, a89 "%O' -%5/(1#9 5/'#. P#m/! !1# a5 m(#,

C1#(!#'/#59 !% 0a7# !1## &/!1 1# (%80,E# !% !1# (1a9#( a0a/8 (1# 1mb5 '5/#(Y#(, b 5#!!#. B! I &a8! a b#!!# 7%mm8/7a!/%8. I&a8! !% 1#a % !1/8= % !% (## % !1%01!(. T1# 7%8675(/%8 %' % 5#!!# ma=#( m 1#a! !1%b m%# !1a8 a7a88%8a9# &%59. Y% b/9 m# b8 % 5#!!#(. B! Im(! '%0#! % '/(!. I8 %( %' A-/5 ) % (a %m/(( % '/#89 /8 !1# 7%8v#a87# %' % 5#!!#(. D%8!1#(/!a!# !% &/!# b !1# -%(!. S#a5 7. D%8! m/(( a(/805# -%(!. Y% !a=# /! '% 0a8!#9 !1a! I 1av# -a!/765a /8!#55/0#87# %' #v#!1/80 '%m %!1#(, b! I 1av# 8%!.I' a8 %8# &a8!( a v%!# '% a 7%mm/((/%8 1# v%71(a'#(m# a 5#!!#, b! !#55( m# v# 5/!!5# 8#&(. I 1av# m%#-a!/75a( '%m % !1a8 a8 %8# #5(#. Pa =##- m#

)++. JOHN ADAMS. )+

7%8(!a8!5 /8'%m#9 &1a! (1/-( a# /8 !1# 1ab% a89 &1a!'%!/'/7a!/%8( a# 0%/80 %8. I am /!# /m-a!/#8! !% 1#a%' m%# v/0%%( m#a(#( '% '%!/'/80 B%(!%8 1ab%.N%! a m%m#8! (1%59 b# 8#05#7!#9. Ev# ma8 %01! !%0% 9%&8, a( !1# 9/9 a'!# !1# ba!!5# %' L#;/80!%8, a89&%= 8!/5 /! /( 9%8#. I &%59 &/55/805 -a 1a5' a 9%@#81a89( m(#5', a89 (b(/(! !1#m, a!1# !1a8 /! (1%59 8%!b# 9%8# /mm#9/a!#5. I! /( %' m%# /m-%!a87# !1a8 !%a/(# 7%8. Y% (a /875%(#9 /( a -%5%0# a89 a -a6%9, b! 8#/!1# &a( /875%(#9. I' % 9/9 8%! '%0#! /!,!1# 5#!!# 1a( b##8 %-#8#9, a89 !1# /875%(#( !a=#8 %!.I' !1# (ma556-%; (-#a9(, 8 m# /8 9#b!. I #7#/v#9, a-%(! % !&% -a(!, a 5#!!# '%m % 875# a! Sa5#m, 7%86!a/8/80 a m%(! '/#895 a89 %b5/0/80 /8v/!a!/%8 . !% %a89 %( !% 0% a89 1av# !1# 9/(!#m-# a! 1/( 1%(# /'/! (1%59 (-#a9. H# 1a( %8# % !&% /8 1/( 'am/5 !%1av# /!.

T1# &/!# %' C%mm%8 S#8(# a89 T1# F%#(!#/( !1# (am# -#(%8. H/( 8am# /( Pa/8#, a 0#8!5#ma8ab%! !&% #a( a0% '%m E805a89, a ma8 &1%, G#8#a5L## (a(, 1a( 0#8/( /8 1/( ##(. T1# &/!# %' Ca((a869a /( (a/9 !% b# M. Jam#( Ca88%8, a !!% /8 !1# P1/56a9#5-1/a C%55#0#. Ca!% /( #-%!#9 1## !% b# D%7!%Sm/!1 a ma!71 '% Ba!!5#. T1# %a!/%8 &a( a8 /8(%65#8! -#'%ma87#. A m%!/%8 &a( ma9# !% !1a8= !1#%a!%, a89 a(= a 7%-, b! %--%(#9 &/!1 0#a! (-//! a89v/va7/! '%m #v# -a! %' !1# %%m, a89 a! 5a(! &/!169a&8, 5#(! /! (1%59 b# #"#7!#9, a( /! 7#!a/85 &%591av# b##8, &/!1 /89/08a!/%8. T1# %a!% !1#8 -/8!#9 /!1/m(#5', a'!# 5#av/80 %! % a5!#/80 (%m# %''#8(/v# -a(6(a0#(. T1/( /( %8# %' !1# ma8 /#05a a89 #;!ava0a8!71aa7!#( %' !1# a0#. I 8#v# 1#a9 %8# (/805# -#(%8(-#a= 7 %' a8!1/80 ab%! 1/m b! 1/( ab/5/!/#(, &1/71a# 0#8#a55 a55% !% b# 0%%9. T1# a--%/8!m#8! %'

1/m !% ma=# !1# %a!/%8 &a( a 0#a! %v#(/01! a89 m/(6!a=#.


72/141

T1# 5a(! a7! %' Pa5/am#8! 1a( ma9# (% 9##- a8 /m-#(6(/%8 -%8 -#%-5#( m/89( !1%01%! !1# 7%5%8/#(, /! /(5%%=#9 -%8 a( !1# 5a(! (!#!71 %' %--#((/%8, !1a! a#

)* FAMILIAR LETTERS. Ma,

1a(!#8/80 a-/95 !% 0#a! #v#8!(. G%v#8m#8!( &/55 b#- #v#&1## b#'%# m/9(mm#, a89 a8 #89 !% %a5(!5#, !/!5#(, a89 a!1%/!. S71 m/01! #v%5!/%8( ma=#a 9##- /m-#((/%8 %8 !1# m/89( %' m#8, a89 (#! ma8v/%5#8! -a((/%8( a! &%=. H%-#, '#a, "%, (%%&, 5%v#,1a!#9, ma5/7#, #8v, #v#80#, "#a5%(, amb/!/%8, ava/7#,#(#8!m#8!, 0a!/!9#, a89 #v# %!1# -a((/%8, '##5/80,(#8!/m#8!, -/87/-5#, a89 /ma0/8a!/%8 # 8#v# /8 m%#5/v#5 #;#7/(# !1a8 !1# a# 8%& '%m F5%/9a !% Ca8a9a/875(/v#5. Ma G%9 /8 1/( -%v/9#87# %v#5# !1#

&1%5# '% !1# 0%%9 %' ma8=/89. I! #/#( m%# (##8/!%' !#m-#, a 9##-# 89#(!a89/80, a89 m%# 7%a0# !1a8'#55 !% !1# 5%! %' Mab%%01 !% /9# /8 !1/( &1/5&/89.

)3. ABIGAIL ADAMS.

Ba/8!##, + Ma, )++.

H%& ma8 a# !1# (%5/!a 1%( I (-#89 m/8a!/80-%8 !1# -a(! a89 a8!/7/-a!/80 !1# '!#, &1/5(! %, %v#6&1#5m#9 &/!1 !1# 7a#( %' (!a!#, 1av# b! a '#& m%m#8!(% 7a8 9#v%!# !% a8 /89/v/9a5. A55 9%m#(!/7 -5#a(#(a89 #8"%m#8!( a# ab(%b#9 /8 !1# 0#a! a89 /m-%!a8!9! % % % 7%8!, '% % 7%8! /(, a( /!#, a (#7%89a 0%9, a89 !1# '/(! a89 0#a!#(! -a#8!.I! /( !% b# -#'##9 !% -a#8!(, &/v#(, 71/59#8, '/#89(,a89 a55 !1/80(, !1# 0%9( %85 #;7#-!#9 < '%, /' %7%8! -#/(1#(, /! /( a( /m-%((/b5# !% (av# a8 /89/v/9a5a( !% -#(#v# %8# %' !1# '/80#( %' a m%!/'/#9 1a89.T1( 9% I (--#(( #v# &/(1, a89 (/5#87# #v# mm,a7/#(7/80 /8 a -a/8'5 (#-aa!/%8 '%m !1# 7%m-a8/%8 %'m %!1 a89 !1# '/#89 %' m 1#a!.

I b#5/#v# ! /( 8#a !#8 9a( (/87# I &%!# % a 5/8#. I1av# 8%! '#5! /8 a 1m% !% #8!#!a/8 %. I' I 1a9 !a=#8- m -#8 -#1a-( (%m# 8b#7%m/80 /8v#7!/v# m/01! 1av#'a55#8 '%m /!. T1# ##( %' % 5#( 1av# b##8 75%(#9,a89 a 5#!1a0 1a( (#/@#9 a5m%(! #v# m#mb#. I '#a a'a!a5 (#7/! 1a( !a=#8 -%((#((/%8 %' !1#m. W1/5(! !1#b/59/80 /( /8 '5am#(, !1# !#mb5# a! !1# #;-#8(# %' &a!#!% #871 /!. I8 (1%!, !&% m%8!1( 1av# #5a-(#9 (/87# !1##va7a!/%8 %' B%(!%8, a89 v# 5/!!5# 1a( b##8 9%8# /8 !1a!

)++. ABIGAIL ADAMS. )

!/m# !% (#7# /!, % !1# 1ab%, '%m '!# /8va(/%8. T1#-#%-5# a# a55 /8 a '5am#, a89 8% %8# am%80 (, !1a! I 1av#1#a9 %', #v#8 m#8!/%8( #;-#8(#. T1# !1/8=, 8/v#(a55,

!1a! !1## 1a( b##8 a8 ama@/80 8#05#7! (%m#&1##. Ma81av# !8#9 %! a( v%58!##( !% &%= -%8 N%995#(


73/141

I(5a89, a89 ma8 m%# &%59 0% -%8 Na8!a(=#!, /' !1#b(/8#(( &a( %87# (#! %8 '%%!. T /( a ma;/m %' (!a!#,!1a! -% a89 5/b#! a# 5/=# 1#a! a89 m%/(!#. W1##!1# a/ # 7 m/;#9, #v#!1/80 -%(-#( < &1## !1# a#(/805#, !1# a# 9#(!7!/v#.

A 0%v#8m#8! %' m%# (!ab/5/! /( m71 &a8!#9 /8 !1/(7%5%8, a89 !1# a# #a9 !% #7#/v# /! '%m !1# 1a89( %'!1# C%80#((. A89 (/87# I 1av# b#08 &/!1 ma;/m( %'(!a!#, I &/55 a99 a8%!1#, 8am#5, !1a! a -#%-5# ma 5#! a=/80 'a55, #! (!/55 #ma/8 a -#%-5# < b!, /' a =/80 5#! 1/(-#%-5# (5/- '%m 1/m, 1# /( 8% 5%80# a =/80. A89 a( !1/(/( m%(! 7#!a/85 % 7a(#, &1 8%! -%75a/m !% !1# &%59,/8 9#7/(/v# !#m(, % %&8 /m-%!a87# >

S1a55 8%! b# 9#(-/(#9 b '%#/08 -%(, '% 1#(/!a!6/80 (% 5%80 a! a &%9 >

I 7a88%! (a !1a! I !1/8= % a# v# 0#8#%( !% !1#

5a9/#(< '%, &1/5(! % a# -%75a/m/80 -#a7# a89 0%%96&/55!% m#8, #ma87/-a!/80 a55 8a!/%8(, % /8(/(! -%8 #!a/8/80a8 ab(%5!# -% %v# &/v#(. B! % m(! #m#mb#!1a! ab/!a -% /( 5/=# m%(! %!1# !1/80( &1/71 a#v# 1a9, v# 5/ab5# !% b# b%=#8 < a89, 8%!&/!1(!a89/80a55 % &/(# 5a&( a89 ma;/m(, 1av# /! /8 % -%,8%! %85 !% '## %(#5v#(, b! !% (b9# % ma(!#(, a89,&/!1%! v/%5#87#, !1%& b%!1 % 8a!a5 a89 5#0a5 a6!1%/! a! % '##!

L#! m# 1#a '%m % %'!#8. Y%( 8'#/08#95.

)+ FAMILIAR LETTERS. Ma,

)3. JOHN ADAMS.

P1/5a9#5-1/a, ) Ma, )++.

YOURS %' ) A-/5 7am# !% 1a89 #(!#9a. I (#89% #05a5 #v# 8#&(-a-#, a89 &/!# a( %'!#8 a( I 7a8 5 I &a8! !% #(/08 /!'% a !1%(a89 #a(%8(. W%59 % a9v/(# m# >

T1## 1a( b##8 a 0a55a8! ba!!5# /8 D#5a&a# R/v# b#6!#8 !1# 0a55#( a89 !&% m#86%'6&a, !1# R%#b7= a89L/v#-%%5, /8 &1/71 !1# m#86%'6&a 7am# %'' (#7%89 b#(! T1# a# v# a-%-%(. I am m71 %b5/0#9 !% J90#G(1/80 a89 1/( 5a9 '% !1#/ -%5/!# v/(/! !% %. I (1%59b# v# 1a-- !% (## 1/m, a89 7%8v#(# &/!1 1/m ab%!ma8 !1/80(, b! 7a88%! 1%-# '% !1a! -5#a(# v# (%%8.T1# a''a/( %' Am#/7a a# /8 (% 7/!/7a5 a (!a!#, (71 0#a!#v#8!( a# (!005/80 /8!% b/!1, !1a! I m(! 8%! /! !1/((!a!/%8 a! !1/( !/m#. Y#! I 9#a9 !1# m#5!/80 1#a!( %' aP1/5a9#5-1/a (mm#, a89 =8%& 8%! 1%& m 'a/5 7%8(!/!6!/%8 &/55 #89# /!. S71 7%8(!a8! 7a#, (71 /87#((a8!a--5/7a!/%8 %' m/89, 9/8=/80 - a89 #;1a(!/80 !1# '/8#(-//!(, -%8 &1/71 5/'# a89 1#a5!1 (% #((#8!/a55 9#-#89,&/55 a a&a a (!%80# ma8 !1a8 I am. Y#! I &/55 8%!(1/8= '%m !1/( 9a80# % !1/( !%/5. W1/5# m 1#a5!1(1a55 b# (71 !1a! I 7a8 9/(71a0#, /8 a8 !%5#ab5# ma868#, !1# 9!/#( %' !1/( /m-%!a8! -%(!, I &/55 8%! 9#(#! /!.

I am -5#a(#9 !% 1#a !1a! !1# S-#/% C%! /( !% (/! a!I-(&/71 /8 J8#. T1/( &/55 7%8!/b!# !% 0/v# (!ab/5/! !%!1# 0%v#8m#8!, I 1%-#, /8 a55 /!( ba871#(. B! I -#6(m# %!1# (!#-( &/55 b# !a=#8 '% !1/( --%(#. A G%v6#8% a89 L/#!#8a8!60%v#8%, I 1%-#, &/55 b# 71%(#8, a89

!1# C%8(!/!!/%8 a 5/!!5# m%# '/;#9. I 1%-# !%%, !1a! !1#C%87/5 &/55, !1/( #a, b# m%# '55, a89 a0m#8!#9 b


80/141


81/141

W# 1av# 8% 8#&( 1## b! &1a! % &/55 b# /8'%m#9%' 5%80 b#'%# !1/( #a71#( %, 85#(( /! /( !1# -%5/!/7(%' !1# !%&8. A! % Ma m##!/80 M. W/b/9 &a( 9#(/#9!% -#a71 a (#m%8 -#v/%( !% !1# 71%/7#, &1/71 1# 9/9 !%0#a! a77#-!a!/%8. T1# 9#ba!#( # 8%! &1%, b! 1%&ma8 (1%59 b# (#8!. T1# a0##9 -%8 !1## : M.

Ba(( '% !1# --# -#7/87!, C%5%8#5 T1a# '% !1# m/995#,a89 a8 875# %' %( ) '% !1/( < b! 1# b#00#9 !% b# #;67(#9 a( 1/( (!a!# %' 1#a5!1 &a( (% /8'/m, a89 (% (b"#7! !%a 8#v%( 1#a9a71# !1a! 1# &a( (# 1# 7%59 8%! (!a89/! !% (/! /8 (% 8m#%( a8 a((#mb5. T1# 8#;! v%!# &a('% % b%!1#, a89 a !/# !%%= -5a7# b#!#8 1/m a89C%5%8#5 Pa5m#< b! !1# 5a!!# 9#75a/80 !1a! 1# &%59!a /8 !1# H%(# /' 71%(#8 !1##, !1# v%!# '#55 -%81/m.

T1# 9/(a0##ab5# 8#&( 1av# '%m #b#7 /(

charles adams, letters of adams

Documents