characterizing the impact of poultry and cattle …characterizing the impact of poultry and cattle...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD
During the OWLETS-2 CampaignNicholas Balasus, Michael Battaglia, Katherine Ball, Ruben Delgado, and Christopher J. Hennigan
University of Maryland, Baltimore CountyDepartment of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering
![Page 2: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Study Purpose
• The Ozone Water-Land Environmental Transition Study (OWLETS-2) studied pollution formation and transport across the water-land transition zone in the upper portion of the Chesapeake Bay.
2
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/36227/urban-heat-island-baltimore-md
HMI
Washington D.C.
Baltimore
![Page 3: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Location• HMI is on the Chesapeake Bay, an
estuary located in MD and VA
3
• Measurements made in Summer 2018 on Hart-Miller Island (HMI)
![Page 4: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Location
4
UMBC TrailerHart-Miller Island
![Page 5: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
MeasurementsMeasurements included:
1. Speciated Inorganic PM2.52. Gas-phase NH33. Meteorology (T, RH, WS, WD)
AiRRmonia (Norman et al., ACP, 2009)
Aerosol: Cl-, NO3-, SO4
2-, C2O42-, Na+, NH4
+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ (20-min resolution) Gas-phase: NH3 (10-min resolution)
PILS-IC (Valerino et al., JGR, 2017)
5
![Page 6: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ammonia Gas Concentrations During OWLETS-2
6
Avg. NH33.8 μg m-3
![Page 7: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Elevated NH3 During OWLETS-2
7
![Page 8: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Questions for the Study
So there are high concentrations of ammonia…
(1) How does this impact aerosol chemistry?
(2) What sources caused these high concentrations?
8
![Page 9: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
NH3 Effects on Aerosol Chemistry
9
OWLETS-2/HU-Beltsville Ratios
1.08 1.65 1.89
![Page 10: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 Significant Components of PM2.5
10
![Page 11: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Agricultural Sources of Ammonia
Source: USDA 2012 Census of Agriculturehttps://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2012/
11
![Page 12: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Back Trajectories from HMI
NOAA HYSPLIT 15-hour back trajectories from HMI using NAM (12 km) meteorology (alt. of 50 m).
Atmospheric NH3lifetime is ~15 hrs(Hauglustaine et
al., 2014)
12
![Page 13: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Investigating Peak NH3 Events
13
1
23
4
9
10
115678
![Page 14: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Investigating Peak NH3 Events
14
![Page 15: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Agricultural Sources of Ammonia
15
![Page 16: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Industrial Sources of Ammonia
16
![Page 17: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Industrial Sources of Ammonia
17
Globally, agriculture is the dominant source of ammonia (over 70%).
However, in urban areas, significant industrial sources exist, including:
• Vehicle emissions
• Waste composting and processing
• Fertilizer production
• Landfill sites
References: Sutton et al. 2000, Sutton et al. 2013, Reche et al. 2014, Sun et al. 2017
![Page 18: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Event #10 Back Trajectory
18
July 1st, 2018Max NH3: 19.3 μg m-3
![Page 19: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Potential Industrial Ammonia Sources in Baltimore
19
NH3 = 19.3μg m-3
R2 = 0.002 for NH3 and CO…
Likely no traffic influence.
![Page 20: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Temperature Effects on Ammonia
20
95%
5%
25%
50%
75%
mean
![Page 21: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Effect of Ammonia on PM2.5
21Only includes Cl-, NO3
-, SO42-, C2O4
2-, Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+
Inorganic PM2.5 during an agricultural ammonia event
![Page 22: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusions and Implications
• At HMI, ammonia and nitrate were high relative to historical trends.
• Significant agricultural ammonia emissions from poultry production in the Delmarva area.
• Periodic (but strong) influence from industrial/urban ammonia emissions from Baltimore.
• Regional ammonia emissions impacted aerosol chemistry near Baltimore.
22
![Page 23: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Acknowledgments
23
Hennigan group:Kat Ball Nick BalasusMike Battaglia, Jr.
JCET:R. Delgado group
Further Acknowledgments:
The authors thank Dr. Glenn Wolfe from
UMBC/JCET and NASA/GSFC
for the code used to generate back trajectories.
https://github.com/AirChem/HYSPLITcontrol
![Page 24: Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle …Characterizing the Impact of Poultry and Cattle Farms on Chesapeake Bay Aerosols in Baltimore, MD During the OWLETS-2 Campaign Nicholas](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042323/5f0d6f1b7e708231d43a55d8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Impact on Aerosol pH, Aerosol Liquid Water Content
24