characteristics of the omaha metro’s black/african american … · 2020. 9. 3. · 2011-15....

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Characteristics of the Omaha Metro’s Black/African American Population

David Drozd, [email protected] 402.554.2132

OPPD African American Network Meeting/Black History Month Event February 20, 2020

mailto:[email protected]

Source: source info here can be removed if unnecessary source info here can be removed if unnecessary source info here can be removed if unnecessary source info here

The Importance of Data Collection• Information comes from resident’s responses

• Ongoing American Community Survey (ACS)• Decennial Census

The 2020 Census is less than 1 month away. See cpar.unomaha.edu/2020census

Census jobs actively being hired (apply NOW!): see 2020census.gov/jobsInitial letters sent around March 15, 2020 | Respond by internet, paper, call-in

Do what you can to promote filling out the census (and ongoing ACS)** Decennial Census and survey response data show the trends **


Sources: Tables 12 and P12, 1980 and 1990 Censuses (STF3 via Social Explorer); Table P008, 2000 Census (SF1); Table P5, 2010 Census (SF1); Table B03002,

2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census BureauPrepared by David Drozd

69.7

62.8

56.1

45.6

39.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1980 Census 1990 Census 2000 Census 2010 Census 2016 via 2014-2018 ACS

Perc

ent

Timeframe

The Omaha metro’s Black population is not as concentrated in North Omaha todayPercentage of 8-county Omaha metro Black population living in zip codes 68104, 68110, 68111

“North Omaha” and “Omaha’s Black

population” are not the same thing. Now 30% live in Douglas west of 72nd and 10% in Sarpy.

10.6

13.4

12.1

11.7

11.4

13.3

12.1

11.6

11.1

8.9

7.9

7.7

7.2

5.0

4.1

1.7

2.5

2.0

1.9

15.1

21.020.3

20.6

20.1

17.3

15.2

14.4

12.9

12.2

12.1

12.7

11.8

10.9

9.5

8.9

8.2

7.8

7.5

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

All Ages

Under 5

5 to 9

10 to 14

15 to 19

20 to 24

25 to 29

30 to 34

35 to 39

40 to 44

45 to 49

50 to 54

55 to 59

60 to 64

65 to 69

70 to 74

75 to 79

80 to 84

85+

Percent

Sarpy County Douglas County

For Nebraska areas, Sarpy County and especially Douglas County were fairly diverse in 1990Nonwhite or Latino as a percent of total population in 1990

Source: 1990 Census, U.S. Census BureauPrepared by: David Drozd

19.5

26.4

25.8

24.2

23.8

27.7

24.0

21.5

19.8

18.4

15.6

13.7

12.0

12.9

10.7

8.7

7.0

9.1

7.0

30.9

44.2

44.8

43.8

40.0

38.1

34.431.0

30.8

30.7

28.0

24.7

19.7

17.3

14.013.9

14.9

12.5

9.9

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

All Ages

Under 5

5 to 9

10 to 14

15 to 19

20 to 24

25 to 29

30 to 34

35 to 39

40 to 44

45 to 49

50 to 54

55 to 59

60 to 64

65 to 69

70 to 74

75 to 79

80 to 84

85+

Percent

Sarpy County Douglas County

New data show each county’s diversity has doubled since 1990, with higher levels among children Nonwhite or Latino as a percent of total population in 2018

Source: 2018 Population Estimates, U.S. Census BureauPrepared by: David Drozd

Diversity will continue increasing as today’s children

age into their reproductive years.

Sources: Table P148B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table C15002B, Various American Community Surveys, all U.S. Census Bureau

Prepared by: David Drozd

14.3

17.217.7

18.0 18.318.6 19.0

19.520.0

20.621.1

13.5

16.016.5 16.3

17.218.2

19.8

21.5

22.521.8

22.2

10.0

13.0

16.0

19.0

22.0

25.0

2000 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

Perc

ent

Timeframe

8-County Omaha metro

U.S.

Black higher education levels in Omaha had trailed the U.S. average but now exceed itBachelor’s Degree or more for the age 25+ Black population: Omaha metro vs. U.S. 2000 to present

Sources: Table P150B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table S2301, Various American Community Surveys, all U.S. Census Bureau


11.6

13.314.0

15.0

15.916.6

16.1

14.8

13.3

11.9

10.610.5

16.716.0

17.2

15.815.2

14.4

10.8

8.98.2 8.3

5.0

8.0

11.0

14.0

17.0

20.0

2000 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

Perc

ent

Timeframe


U.S.

Black unemployment rates in Omaha had been higher than the U.S. but have fallen greatlyUnemployment rates for the age 16+ Black population: Omaha metro vs. U.S. 2000 to present

Unemployment Changes by Age for the Black Population in the Omaha Metro Area:2005-2011 vs. 2012-2018 Annual AveragesSource: Table B23002B, Annual American Community Surveys, U.S. Census BureauCompiled & Prepared by: David Drozd, UNO Center for Public Affairs Research on 12-6-2019Note: Annual data by race is based on a relatively small sample and can be highly variable. Using 7-year averages minimizes this effect and makes the data more reliable.

Age Group

2005-11 annual

average

2012-18 annual

average ChangePercent Change

2005-11 annual

average

2012-18 annual

average ChangePercent Change

16 to 19 1,118 711 -407 -36.4% 48.8 30.9 -17.9 -36.7%

20 to 24 1,024 560 -464 -45.3% 25.7 12.9 -12.8 -49.8%

25 to 54 2,791 1,532 -1,259 -45.1% 13.8 6.9 -6.8 -49.7%

55 or older 465 281 -184 -39.6% 11.3 5.3 -6.0 -53.3%

Totals 5,399 3,083 -2,316 -42.9% 17.6 9.0 -8.6 -48.6%

16 to 24 2,142 1,271 -872 -40.7% 34.2 19.2 -15.0 -43.9%

Number of Unemployed Civilian Unemployment Rate (%)

60.2

63.1 63.1 62.9 62.762.4 62.2 62.2 62.3 62.4 62.562.8

68.7

69.669.9

69.4

68.5

67.8 67.6

67.0

68.0

68.7

60

62

64

66

68

70

2000 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

Perc

ent i

n La

bor F

orce

Timeframe

U.S.


Sources: Table P150B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table C23002B, Various American Community Surveys, all U.S. Census Bureau


Black labor force participation fell after the recession but is starting to reboundPercentage of Black age 16+ population in the labor force: Omaha metro vs. U.S. 2000 to present


Sources: Tables B23001 and C23002 race series, 2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Prepared by David Drozd

Omaha Metro Labor Rank among 100 most Rate in (age 16-64) participa- populated metros in that U.S.Category tion rate specific racial/ethnic group metros

Overall/all races 80.9% 4th highest/best 74.9%

White, non-Hispanic 82.4% 4th highest/best 76.7%

Black 75.4% 11th highest/best 71.4%

Asian 71.3% 63rd highest/best 73.0%

Hispanic/Latino 77.0% 17th highest/best 73.2%

Nebraskans work! On most measures of employment the state and its metros rank highly.

41,514

40,620

38,23837,798

39,114

40,155

36,050

31,640

30,206 30,495

32,632

33,941

$27,000

$30,000

$33,000

$36,000

$39,000

$42,000

2000 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

Timeframe


U.S.

Sources: Tables P151B and P152B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table S1903, Various American Community Surveys, all U.S. Census Bureau


Up 12% vs. 5 years ago

Up 5% vs. 5 years ago

Black inflation-adjusted "real" incomes have started rising but are not back to 2000 highsMedian incomes in 2018 dollar terms for Black households: Omaha metro vs. U.S. 2000 to present

24.925.1 25.3

25.826.5

27.1 27.3 27.026.2

25.2

24.2

27.6

33.8

32.031.2

31.5 31.331.7

29.829.2

27.0

26.1

20.0

23.0

26.0

29.0

32.0

35.0

2000 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

Pove

rty R

ate

(%)

Timeframe

The 2005-09 data includes the 2005 figure of 40.4% which has been shown to be an outlier/bad sample.

U.S.


Sources: Table P159B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table S1701, Various American Community Surveys, U.S. Census Bureau;


Both of the last two years have the smallest gaps (below 2 points)

Black poverty rates in Omaha remain elevated but have dropped and are close to the U.S.Poverty rates for the Black population: Omaha metro vs. U.S. 2000 to present

A Black married couple with kids

Who has a higher poverty rate…

OR A non-Hispanic White “single mom”

Omaha metro: 9% vs. 23%…but for Black “single moms” it’s: 45%

Source: Table B17010 race series, 2014-18 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau


That are married couples

That are female

headed, no husband

41.5 47.8

64.7 22.8

80.4 13.6

Percent of Families

Race/EthnicityAll

familiesMarried couples

Female headed

family, no husband

Black 22.8 7.0 36.5

Hispanic 18.0 10.3 40.2

Non-Hispanic White 4.4 1.9 17.4

Poverty Rates (%)

Hispanic poverty rates are higher for both major family types. How is it that Black family poverty rates are higher overall?Answer: A higher portion of Black families are “single moms”, for whom poverty rates are much higher. The distribution matters!

Family Poverty Rates by Family Type by Race/Ethnicity in the Omaha Metro: 2014-2018Source: Table S1702, 2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census BureauCompiled by: David Drozd, UNO Center for Public Affairs Research on 2-13-2020

Source: Table B17010B, 2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Blac

k fa

mily

pov

erty

rate

(%)

% of Black families that are married couples

There is a definite relationship between Black family types and Black poverty ratesScatterplot of percent of Black families that are married couples vs. Black family poverty rates for the 100 metro areas with the most Black families

Omaha metro

Note: correlation’s R-value = - 0.72

Sources: Table P146B, 2000 Census (SF3); Table B11001B, Various American Community Surveys: 2011-2015 ACS PUMS; all U.S. Census Bureau


27.2%

31.6% 31.8% 32.1% 32.2%32.6% 33.0%

33.3% 33.6%33.9%

30.2%

32.6%

35.1%35.5%

36.1%

37.0%

38.2%38.8%

39.6%

38.2%

26%

28%

30%

32%

34%

36%

38%

40%

2000 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

One

-Per

son

Hou

seho

lds

Timeframe

U.S.


The portion of Black households where one person lives alone has been risingU.S. and Omaha metro percentage of Black households with one resident: 2000 to present

Stats on Omaha-area Black households living alone:• 59% never married; 38% divorced or widowed• 40% are age 55+ (vs. 21% for other hhold types)• 21% have a disability (vs. 10%); 26% no insurance• 34% moved to residence in last 2 years (vs. 28%)• 31% no vehicle (vs. 11%); only 25% home owners

Sources: Table H106B, 2000 Census (SF1); Table B25003B, Various American Community Surveys; 2011-2015 ACS PUMS; all U.S. Census Bureau


46.3

45.845.2

44.543.8

43.042.4

41.9 41.9 41.840.8

39.038.6

37.3

36.235.0 35.2 35.0

33.633.1

30.0

34.0

38.0

42.0

46.0

50.0

2000 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 2009-13 2010-14 2011-15 2012-16 2013-17 2014-18

% H

ome

Ow

ners

Timeframe

The Black home ownership rate has been falling nationally and locallyU.S. and Omaha metro percent of Black households that are owned: 2000 to present

U.S.


Homeowner rates:63% for married couples27% for “single moms” 25% for those living alone

Sources: Various Tables, 2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau


As the minority portion of the population rises, these types of variables are influenced, so for analyzing change over time it is important to compare the totals along with each race separately.

% AGE 25+ WITH HIGH SCHOOL+

87.4% 59.5% 95.2%BLACK LATINO WHITE,

NON-HISPANIC

% FOREIGN BORN (IMMIGRANTS)


NON-HISPANIC

% UNEMPLOYED


NON-HISPANIC

% INDIVIDUALS IN POVERTY


NON-HISPANIC

% NO HEALTH INSURANCE


NON-HISPANIC

% HOME OWNERS


NON-HISPANIC

HOW DO WE ALL FAIR?STATUS OF DIVERSE POPULATIONS IN THE OMAHA METRO


Sources: Table B13002 and race series, 2014-2018 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Prepared by David Drozd

Omaha Metro Age 15-50 Rank among 100 most Rate in fertility populated metros in that U.S.

Category rate specific racial/ethnic group metros

Overall/all races 63.2 6th highest/best 51.6

White, non-Hispanic 58.2 7th highest/best 48.6

Black 81.0 2nd highest/best 53.9

Asian 71.2 11th highest/best 51.2

Hispanic/Latino 75.7 13th highest/best 57.7

Nebraskans have kids! On most measures of fertility the state and its metros rank highly.Note: fertility data from this survey source are prone to sampling error.


Sources: Various Tables from 2006-2010 and 2014-2018 American Community Surveys, U.S. Census Bureau

Compiled and Prepared by: David Drozd

Rankings for the Black/African American population in the Omaha metro area among the 100 largest metros in Black population on each metric : 2006-2010 vs. 2014-2018

2006-2010 2014-2018Item Value Rank Value RankAge 25+ with Bachelor’s Degree+ 16.5% 53rd best 22.2% 28th best

Age 16+ unemployment rate 16.0% 82nd best 8.3% 11th best

Poverty rate for individuals 32.0% 85th best 26.1% 63rd best

Married couples as % of all families 39.2% 85th best 41.5% 73rd best

1 person living alone as % of households 32.6% 38th highest 38.2% 16th highest

Home ownership rate 39.0% 79th best 33.1%* 86th best*

* The Omaha metro Black homeownership rate in the 2017 annual data (28.3%) is an apparent outlier, being nearly 5% below the lowest value of any year between 2005 and 2016. This pulls the 2014-2018 five year estimate lower –excluding it would make the 2014-2018 value be 35.1% using a simple average, which would rank 76th best.

In Review: most key stats are improving for Omaha’s Black population

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