Characteristics of Living Characteristics of Living ThingsThings

Biology- Biology- – Bio-lifeBio-life– ology-study ofology-study of

Biology:Biology:1)1) OrganismsOrganisms2)2) Interactions with environment & other Interactions with environment & other

organismsorganisms

ORGANISMSORGANISMS

ExhibitExhibit all all the characteristics of life! the characteristics of life!

#1:Living things are #1:Living things are diversediverse and are and are made of made of cells.cells.

Hierarchy of Living Things:Hierarchy of Living Things:

CellCellTissueTissueOrganOrganOrgan SystemOrgan SystemOrganismOrganism

#2: #2: ReproduceReproduce

Make more of the organismMake more of the organism

SpeciesSpecies: group of organisms that can : group of organisms that can interbreedinterbreed and produce and produce fertile fertile offspringoffspring

Two Types of Reproduction:Two Types of Reproduction:

AsexualAsexual– - identical organisms- identical organisms– - clones- clones– Binary Fission- bacteria divide into two Binary Fission- bacteria divide into two – CloningCloning– Regeneration- grows 2 individuals from oneRegeneration- grows 2 individuals from one

*example: planarian*example: planarian

Flatworm regeneration: Two-headed Flatworm regeneration: Two-headed planariaplanaria

Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

– Individuals are different due to variation created Individuals are different due to variation created from mixing DNA from two individualsfrom mixing DNA from two individuals

– Transfer of DNA:Transfer of DNA:– Sperm/egg (fertilizationSperm/egg (fertilization

– Conjugation- bacteria transfers DNA through a Conjugation- bacteria transfers DNA through a tunnel. NO SPERM OR EGG NEEDED!tunnel. NO SPERM OR EGG NEEDED!

Grow & DevelopGrow & Develop

Growth- tree getting taller

Development: Metamorphosis of caterpillar to a butterfly

#4: #4: RespondRespond to a to a StimulusStimulus

A. Stimulus- anything A. Stimulus- anything that can cause a that can cause a responseresponse

B. Examples:B. Examples:

#5: Homeostasis#5: Homeostasis

Regulation of internal Regulation of internal balancesbalances

Stability and HomeostasisStability and Homeostasis

Temperature, water content, chemical content, Temperature, water content, chemical content, etc.etc.

#6: Energy Use#6: Energy Use

Metabolism- all the chemical reactions in Metabolism- all the chemical reactions in the bodythe body

#7: Adapt & Evolve#7: Adapt & Evolve

Adaptation: any Adaptation: any structurestructure, , behaviorbehavior or or mechanism that enables an organism to mechanism that enables an organism to respondrespond to a stimulus and to a stimulus and evolveevolve

EvolveEvolve: Accumulation : Accumulation of adaptations over of adaptations over timetime