characteristics of american indians and alaska natives by ...american indian and alaska native...

Characteristics of AmericanIndians and Alaska Natives byTribe and Language: 20002000 Census of Population and Housing

Part 1

Issued December 2003

PHC-5

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Characteristics of AmericanIndians and Alaska Natives by

Tribe and Language: 2000Part 1

Issued December 2003

PHC-5

U.S. Department of CommerceDonald L. Evans,

SecretarySamuel W. Bodman,

Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics AdministrationKathleen B. Cooper,

Under Secretary forEconomic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAUCharles Louis Kincannon,

Director

Vacant,Principal Associate Directorand Chief Financial Officer

Vacant,Principal AssociateDirector for Programs

Preston Jay Waite,Associate Directorfor Decennial Census

Nancy M. Gordon,Associate Directorfor Demographic Programs

SUGGESTED CITATION

U.S. Census Bureau,2000 Census of

Population and Housing,Characteristics of American

Indians and Alaska Natives byTribe and Language: 2000

PHC-5Washington, DC,

2003

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OfficeInternet: bookstore.gpo.gov; Phone: toll-free 1-866-512-1800; DC area 202-512-1800; Fax: 202-512-2250; Mail: Stop SSOPWashington, DC 20402-0001

Cynthia Z.F. Clark,Associate Directorfor Methodology andStandards

Marvin D. Raines,Associate Directorfor Field Operations

Arnold A. Jackson,Assistant Directorfor Decennial Census

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economicsand StatisticsAdministration

Kathleen B. Cooper,Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Charles Louis Kincannon,Director

Hermann Habermann,Deputy Director andChief Operating Officer

List of Statistical Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vHow to Use This Census Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–1Table Finding Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II–1User Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III–1Statistical Tables (For a detailed list of statistical tables, see page v) . . . . . 1

Appendixes

A Geographic Terms and Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A–1B Definitions of Subject Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–1C Data Collection and Processing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C–1D Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D–1E Data Products and User Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E–1F Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F–1G Accuracy of the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G–1H American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Detailed Classification List. H–1I Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–1

CONTENTS

iiiContents

1. American Indian and Alaska Native Languages Spoken atHome by American Indians and Alaska Natives 5 Years andOver: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

United States, Region, Division, State

2. American Indian and Alaska Native Languages Spoken atHome by American Indians and Alaska Natives 5 Years andOver by Sex and Age: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

United States

3. Age and Sex for Selected American Indian and Alaska NativeTribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

United States

4. Households and Families With an American Indian andAlaska Native Householder for Selected American Indianand Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000. . . . . 26

United States

5. Household Relationship and Group Quarters Population forSelected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

United States

6. Place of Birth, Residence in 1995, and Language for SelectedAmerican Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (One TribeReported): 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

United States

7. Education and Veteran Status for Selected American Indianand Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000. . . . . 47

United States

8. Disability Status for Selected American Indian and AlaskaNative Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

United States

9. Employment Status and Journey to Work for SelectedAmerican Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (One TribeReported): 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

United States

10. Work Status and Income in 1999 for Selected AmericanIndian and Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported):2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

United States

11. Earnings in 1999 of Full-Time, Year-Round Workers, by Sexfor Selected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

United States

12. Income in 1999 of Households With an American Indian andAlaska Native Householder for Selected American Indianand Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000. . . . . 82

United States

LIST OFSTATISTICAL

TABLES

vList of Statistical Tables

Tableno. Title Page

13. Poverty Status in 1999 for Selected American Indian andAlaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000 . . . . . . . 89

United States

14. Units in Structure of Housing Units With an American Indianand Alaska Native Householder for Selected AmericanIndian and Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported):2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

United States

15. Physical Housing Characteristics of Housing Units With anAmerican Indian and Alaska Native Householder forSelected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

United States

16. Fuels and Equipment Characteristics of Housing Units Withan American Indian and Alaska Native Householder forSelected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

United States

17. Owner and Renter Household Characteristics of HousingUnits With an American Indian and Alaska NativeHouseholder for Selected American Indian and AlaskaNative Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

United States

18. Home Value of Housing Units With an American Indian andAlaska Native Householder for Selected American Indianand Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000. . . . . 124

United States

19. Selected Monthly Owner Costs of Housing Units With anAmerican Indian and Alaska Native Householder forSelected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

United States

20. Gross Rent of Housing Units With an American Indian andAlaska Native Householder for Selected American Indianand Alaska Native Tribes (One Tribe Reported): 2000. . . . . 138

United States

21. Mortgage and Rental Cost Characteristics of Housing UnitsWith an American Indian and Alaska Native Householderfor Selected American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes (OneTribe Reported): 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

United States


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division

vi List of Statistical Tables


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division


Region, Division

viiList of Statistical Tables


Region, Division


Region, Division


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


State

viii List of Statistical Tables


State


State


State


State


State


State


State


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area

ixList of Statistical Tables


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area


Metropolitan Area

x List of Statistical Tables

79. Percent of Population and Housing Units in Sample: 2000 . . 1292United States, Region, Division, State

80. Percent of Population and Housing Units in Sample: 2000 . . 1293Metropolitan Area

xiList of Statistical Tables

How to Use This Census Report

CONTENTSPage

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–1

Classification of American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2

How to Find Geographic Areas and Subject Matter Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–3

How to Use the Statistical Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–3

Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–5

User Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–5

Appendixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I–5

INTRODUCTION

Data from Census 2000 are presented in three printed report series:

1. PHC-1, Summary Population and Housing Characteristics

2. PHC-2, Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics

3. PHC-3, Population and Housing Unit Counts

The data from Census 2000 were derived from a limited number of basic questions asked of theentire population and about every housing unit (referred to as the 100-percent questions, foundon the ‘‘short form’’), and from additional questions asked of a sample of the population andhousing units (referred to as the sample questions, found on the ‘‘long form’’). Appendix Dpresents facsimiles of the questionnaire pages used to collect the data included in this report.

The PHC-1, Summary Population and Housing Characteristics, report series provides data basedon the 100-percent questions. The subjects are age, Hispanic or Latino origin, household relation-ship, race, sex, tenure (owner- or renter-occupied), and vacancy characteristics. Land area mea-surements and population density also are provided. This series is similar to the 1990 censusCPH-1 series.

The PHC-2, Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics, report series providessample data based on both the 100-percent and the sample questions. Sample subjects includeplace of birth; residence in 1995; language; educational attainment and school enrollment; vet-eran status; disability status; employment status; journey to work; work status, earnings, income,and poverty status in 1999; physical housing characteristics; units in structure; fuel and equip-ment characteristics; owner and renter household characteristics, such as year owner moved intounit; home value; contract and gross rent; and mortgage and rental cost characteristics. Thisseries is similar to the 1990 census CPH-5 series.

The PHC-3, Population and Housing Unit Counts, report series provides Census 2000 and histori-cal comparisons of the 100-percent population and housing unit counts. It provides land andwater area measurements, and population density. The user notes section documents geographicchanges over the past decade. This series is similar to the 1990 census CPH-2 series.

In each series, there is one report for each state, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, plus aUnited States summary report. Many tables in the United States summary reports include data forPuerto Rico. See Appendix E for detailed information about additional Census 2000 data productsand release media.

I–1How to Use This Census Report

U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000

CLASSIFICATION OFAMERICAN INDIAN ANDALASKA NATIVE TRIBES

For Census 2000, the list-ing of American Indian andAlaska Native tribes shownin this report are based onthe American Indian andAlaska Native TribalDetailed Classification Listfor the 1990 census, whichwas expanded to includeindividual Alaska Nativevillages when provided asa written response to thequestion on race (seeAppendix H). The list wasupdated based on aDecember 1997 FederalRegister Notice, entitled‘‘Indian Entities Recognizedand Eligible to Receive Ser-vice From the United StatesBureau of Indian Affairs,’’Department of IndianAffairs, issued by theOffice of Management andBudget. The classificationlist represents all tribes,bands, and clans that hadat least 100 people (basedon a 100-percent count),and at least 50 unweightedsample cases of the speci-fied American Indian orAlaska Native tribe alone.

The American Indian andAlaska Native TribalDetailed Classification List is derived from an alphanumeric code list that was used in processingthe Census 2000 data on American Indian and Alaska Native tribes. American Indian tribal govern-ments and organizations in the American Indian community reviewed and edited this code list toensure accuracy, completeness, and consistency.

The information on tribe is based on self-identification without consideration of any designationof federally or state-recognized tribe. Respondents who identified themselves as American Indianor Alaska Native were asked to report their enrolled or principal tribe. Therefore, tribal data intabulations reflect the written tribal entries reported on the questionnaire. When the enrolled orprincipal tribe was not reported on the census questionnaire, there was no assignment or alloca-tion of tribe.

Census 2000 data on tribes may differ from other sources such as tribal governments and theBureau of Indian Affairs. One major reason for the difference is that census data are based on self-identification, while statistics from other sources may be based on people included on tribal mem-bership rolls or people with a certain proportion of Indian blood. Individuals who are on tribalrolls may have reported as some other race in the census. (For more information on AmericanIndian and Alaska Native tribes, see the discussion under ‘‘Race’’ in Appendix B.

Table Finding Guide

SUBJECTS BY TYPE OF GEOGRAPHIC AREA AND TABLE NUMBER

Subjects covered in this guide are shown on the left side, and types of geographic areas areshown at the top. For a description of area classifications, see Appendix A. For definitions andexplanations of subject characteristics, see Appendix B.

Subject United StatesRegion and

division State1Metropolitan

area

Population Characteristics

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 22 41 60American Indian and Alaska Native languagespoken at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 -

American Indian and Alaska Native languagespoken at home by age and sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - - -

Average family size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Average household size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 17 23, 36 42, 55 61, 74Disability status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 27 46 65Earnings in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 30 49 68Educational attainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Employment status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 28 47 66Families and family characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Family income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Full-time, year-round workers in 1999. . . . . . . . . . . 10, 11 29, 30 48, 49 67, 68Group quarters population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 24 43 62Household income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 12 29, 31 48, 50 67, 69Households and household characteristics . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Journey to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 28 47 66Language spoken at home and ability to speakEnglish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63

Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Nonfamily income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Place of birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63Poverty status in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 32 51 70Relationship to householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 24 43 62Residence in 1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63School enrollment and type of school . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 22 41 60Veteran status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Work status in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67

Housing Characteristics

Average household size by tenure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Gross rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 39 58 77House heating fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Kitchen facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Mortgage status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 40 59 78Occupancy characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Owner cost characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 21 38, 40 57, 59 76, 78Plumbing facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Rental cost characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 40 59 78Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Telephone service available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Tenure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Units in structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 33 52 71Value of home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 37 56 75Vehicles available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Year householder moved into unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Year structure built . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72

1States include the District of Columbia but Puerto Rico is not included as a state equivalent in this report and there-fore the data are also not included.

Figure I–1.

I–2 How to Use This Census Report


HOW TO FINDGEOGRAPHIC AREASAND SUBJECTMATTER DATA

This report includes atable finding guide toassist the user in locat-ing those statisticaltables that contain thedesired data. The tablefinding guide listsalphabetically, by geo-graphic area, the sub-jects shown in thisreport. To determinewhich tables in thisreport show data for aparticular topic, findthe subject in the left-hand column of thetable finding guide andthen look across thecolumns using theheadings at the top forthe desired type of geo-graphic area. Figure I–1is an example of a tablefinding guide.

The table finding guidedoes not include cross-classifications ofsubject-matter items.Additional informationto locate data within

specific reports is provided in the headnote at the top of the table finding guide and in the foot-notes at the bottom of the guide.

HOW TO USE THE STATISTICAL TABLES

Parts of a Statistical Table

The census data included in printed reports are arranged in tables. Each table includes four majorparts: (1) heading, (2) boxhead, (3) stub, and (4) data field. A typical census report table is illus-trated in Figure I–2.

The heading consists of the table number, title, and headnote. The table number indicates theposition of the table within the report, while the title is a brief statement indicating the subjectsand time reference of the data presented in the table. The headnote is enclosed in brackets and islocated under the title. It contains statements that qualify, explain, or provide information pertain-ing to the entire table.

The boxhead is under the heading. This portion of the table, which contains the individual columnheads or captions, describes the data in each vertical column. In the boxhead of many tables, aspanner appears across and above two or more column heads or across two or more lower span-ners. The purpose of a spanner is to classify or qualify items below it or separate the table intoidentifiable blocks in terms of major aspects of the data.

Figure I–2.



The stub is located at the left edge of the table. It includes a listing of line or row captions ordescriptions. At the top of the stub is the stubhead. The stubhead is considered to be an exten-sion of the table title and usually shows generic geographic area designations and restrictions.

In the stub, several features are used to help the user better understand the contents of the table.Usually, a block of data lines is preceded by a sidehead. The sidehead, similar to a spanner,describes and classifies the stub entries following it. The use of indentation in a stub indicates therelationship of one data line to another. Indented data lines represent subcategories that, in mostinstances, sum to a total. Occasionally in tables, it is desirable to show one or more single-linesubcategories that do not sum to the total.

The data field is that part of the statistical table that contains the data. It extends from the bottomof the boxhead to the bottom of the table and from the right of the stub to the right edge of thepage.

Both geographic and subject-matter terms appear in tables. It is important to read the definitionsof the terms used in the tables because census terms often are defined in special ways that reflectthe manner in which the questions were asked and the data were tabulated. Definitions of geo-graphic terms are provided in Appendix A. Census tables often include derived measures suchas medians, means, percentages, and ratios. These and other subject-matter terms are defined inAppendix B.

Symbols and Geographic Abbreviations

The following symbols are used in the tables and explanations of subjects covered in Census2000 reports:

• A dash ‘‘-’’ represents zero or a derived measure that rounds to less than 0.1.

• (X) means not applicable. In the 1990 and earlier decennial census reports, three dots ‘‘...’’meant not applicable.

• (NA) means not available.

• The superscript prefix ‘‘r’’ indicates that the count has been revised since the publication of the1990 census reports, or that the area was erroneously omitted or not shown in the correct geo-graphic relationship in the 1990 census reports. This symbol appears only in the Census 2000PHC-3, Population and Housing Unit Counts, report series.

• A dagger ‘‘†’’ next to the name of a geographic area indicates that there has been a geographicchange (for example, an annexation or detachment, a new incorporation, or a name change)since the information was published for the 1990 census for that area. This symbol appearsonly in the Census 2000 PHC-3, Population and Housing Unit Counts, report series. The geo-graphic change information for the entities in a state is shown in the ‘‘User Notes’’ section of theCensus 2000 PHC-3 report for that state.

• A plus sign ‘‘+’’ is appended to the lower bound of the highest interval when the median falls inthe upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A minus sign ‘‘-’’ is appended to the upperbound of the lowest interval when the median falls in the lowest interval of an open-endeddistribution. For more information on medians, see the section on ‘‘Derived Measures’’ inAppendix B.

• A minus sign ‘‘-’’ preceding a figure denotes decrease. The minus sign appears only in theCensus 2000 PHC-3, Population and Housing Unit Counts, report series.

The following geographic abbreviations and terms may be used in the tables in this report:



• A ‘‘(part)’’ next to the name of a geographic area in a hierarchical presentation indicates that thegeographic entity is located only partially in the superior geographic entity. For example, a‘‘(part)’’ next to a place name in a county subdivision-place hierarchy indicates that the place islocated in more than one county subdivision. (Places also may be ‘‘split’’ by county, congres-sional district, urban/rural, metropolitan area, voting district, and other geographic boundaries,depending on the presentation.) Other geographic entities also can be ‘‘split’’ by a higher levelentity. The exception is a tabulation block, which is unique within all geographic entities incensus products.

• ANVSA is Alaska Native village statistical area.

• ANRC is Alaska Native Regional Corporation.

• CCD is census county division.

• CDP is census designated place.

• CMSA is consolidated metropolitan statistical area.

• MA is metropolitan area.

• MSA is metropolitan statistical area.

• OTSA is Oklahoma tribal statistical area.

• PMSA is primary metropolitan statistical area.

• SDAISA is state designated American Indian statistical area.

• TDSA is tribal designated statistical area.

• UT is unorganized territory.

GRAPHICS

Charts, statistical maps, and other graphic summaries are included in some Census 2000 reports.

USER NOTES

User notes include corrections, errata, and related explanatory information. This section appearsdirectly before the statistical tables in census reports. It presents information about unique char-acteristics of the report and changes or corrections made too late to be reflected in the text ortables themselves. However, sometimes this information becomes available too late to bereflected even in the user notes. Census 2000 user updates are available on the Census Bureau’sInternet site at www.census.gov/main/www/cen2000.html. To receive notification of user notes,subscribe to the Census Product Update (http://www.census.gov/mp/www/cpu.html), a biweeklye-mail newsletter available from the Customer Services Center of the Marketing Services Office atthe U.S. Census Bureau, or contact the Customer Services Center directly on 301-763-INFO (4636)or at [email protected].

APPENDIXES

Appendix A, Geographic Terms and Concepts. Provides definitions of the types of geo-graphic areas and related information used in census products.

Appendix B, Definitions of Subject Characteristics. Contains definitions for the subject-matter terms used in census products, including explanations of derived measures, limitations ofthe data, and comparability with previous censuses. The subjects are listed alphabetically. Popula-tion characteristics are defined first, followed by the definitions of the housing subjects.

Appendix C, Collection and Processing Procedures. Explains the enumeration and resi-dence rules used in counting the population and housing units in the United States and PuertoRico. It also describes the major components of the operational plan for Census 2000, andincludes a glossary of terms.



Appendix D, Questionnaire Facsimile. Presents a facsimile of the Census 2000 question-naire used to collect the data in this report.

Appendix E, Data Products and User Assistance. Summarizes the Census 2000 data prod-ucts by describing the information available in printed reports and through electronic media suchas CD-ROM, DVD, and the Internet. It also describes Census 2000 maps and other geographicproducts, reference materials, and sources of assistance.

Appendix F, Maps. Provides information about maps.

Appendix G, Accuracy of the Data. Provides information on confidentiality of the data, impu-tation of housing unit status and population counts, sources of errors in the data, and editing ofunacceptable data.

Appendix H, American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Detailed Classification List.Contains the classification list, which includes the tribes shown in this report.

Appendix I, Acknowledgments. Lists many of the U.S. Census Bureau staff who participatedin the various activities of Census 2000.



Table Finding Guide

SUBJECTS BY TYPE OF GEOGRAPHIC AREA AND TABLE NUMBER

Subjects covered in this guide are shown on the left side, and types of geographic areas areshown at the top. For a description of area classifications, see Appendix A. For definitions andexplanations of subject characteristics, see Appendix B.

Subject United StatesRegion and

division State1Metropolitan

area

Population Characteristics

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 22 41 60American Indian and Alaska Native languagespoken at home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 -

American Indian and Alaska Native languagespoken at home by age and sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - - -

Average family size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Average household size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 17 23, 36 42, 55 61, 74Disability status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 27 46 65Earnings in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 30 49 68Educational attainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Employment status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 28 47 66Families and family characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Family income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Full-time, year-round workers in 1999. . . . . . . . . . . 10, 11 29, 30 48, 49 67, 68Group quarters population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 24 43 62Household income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 12 29, 31 48, 50 67, 69Households and household characteristics . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Journey to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 28 47 66Language spoken at home and ability to speakEnglish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63

Nonfamily households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 23 42 61Nonfamily income in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67Place of birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63Poverty status in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 32 51 70Relationship to householder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 24 43 62Residence in 1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 25 44 63School enrollment and type of school . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 22 41 60Veteran status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 26 45 64Work status in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 29 48 67

Housing Characteristics

Average household size by tenure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Bedrooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Gross rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 39 58 77House heating fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Kitchen facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Mortgage status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 40 59 78Occupancy characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Owner cost characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 21 38, 40 57, 59 76, 78Plumbing facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Rental cost characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 40 59 78Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72Telephone service available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Tenure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Units in structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 33 52 71Value of home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 37 56 75Vehicles available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 35 54 73Year householder moved into unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 36 55 74Year structure built . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 34 53 72

1States include the District of Columbia but Puerto Rico is not included as a state equivalent in this report and there-fore the data are also not included.

II–1Table Finding Guide


User Notes

Additional information concerning this Census 2000 product and its source file, American Indianand Alaska Native Summary File, may become available after this report is published. This infor-mation, called Notes and Errata, is available in portable document format (PDF) on the U.S. CensusBureau’s Internet site at http://www.census.gov/main/www/cen2000.html. To receive notificationof user notes, subscribe to the Census Product Update(http://www.census.gov/mp/www/cpu.html), a biweekly e-mail newsletter available from theCustomer Services Center of the Marketing Services Office at the U.S. Census Bureau, or contactthe Customer Services Center directly on 301-763-INFO (4636) or at [email protected].

ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS OF THE DATA

Data Note 1

The user should note that there are limitations to many of these data. Please refer to the text pro-vided with this report for further explanations on the limitations of the data.

Data Note 2

The Census Bureau is aware there may be a problem in the Census 2000 employment status datafor people enumerated in group quarters. The problem may cause the labor force data for places,particularly those with high concentrations of people in group quarters (such as college townswith large dormitory populations) to overstate the number in the labor force, the number unem-ployed, and the percent unemployed, and to understate the number of employed. For more infor-mation, see the Census 2000 Notes and Errata document at the following Census Bureau Internetsite: http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/notes/errata.pdf.

Data Note 3

Estimated population and housing unit totals based on tabulations from only the sample question-naires (sample tabulations) may differ from the official counts as tabulated from every censusquestionnaire (100-percent tabulations). Such differences result, in part, because the sample tabu-lations are based on information from a sample of households rather than from all households(sampling error). Differences also can occur because the interview situation (length of question-naire, effect of the interviewer, etc.) and the processing rules differ between the 100-percent andsample tabulations. These types of differences are referred to as nonsampling error. (For moreinformation, see Appendix G.)

The 100-percent data are the official counts and should be used as the source of information onpopulation and housing items collected on the 100-percent questionnaire, such as age, race, His-panic or Latino origin, and tenure. This is especially appropriate when the primary focus is oncounts of the population or housing units for small areas. For estimates of the number of peopleand housing units by characteristics asked only on a sample basis (such as education, labor forcestatus, income in 1999, or year structure built), the sample estimates should be used within thecontext of the error associated with them.

Additional information on comparing sample estimates with corresponding 100-percent values isavailable on the Census Bureau’s Internet site at http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2002/sf3compnote.html.

III–1User Notes


Table 1. American Indian and Alaska Native Languages Spoken at Home by American Indiansand Alaska Natives 5 Years and Over: 2000

[Data based on a sample (except Tables 79 and 80). For information on confidentiality protection, coverage, sampling error, and nonsampling error, see Appendix G. Data are shown if respondentsreported as American Indian or Alaska Native only and met the specified threshold. For more information, see "How to Use This Census Report"]

United StatesRegionDivisionState

American Indian languages

Algonquian languages

AmericanIndian and

AlaskaNative

languages Total Algonquian Arapaho Blackfoot Cheyenne Cree Delaware FoxFrench

Cree Kickapoo Menomini Miami Micmac Ojibwa

United States 353 340�� 18 147 212 1 122 1 356 2 075 1 102 175 702 177 795 649 5 288 6 919

Northeast Region 5 647�� 1 575 127 10 9 25 17 73 – – – – – 241 69

New England Division 1 939�� 1 289 82 – 9 2 17 – – – – – – 199 11Maine 1 078�� 968 10 – – – – – – – – – – 80 –New Hampshire 145�� 48 – – – 2 – – – – – – – 31 5Vermont 80�� 52 – – – – 5 – – – – – – 2 6Massachusetts 447�� 109 18 – – – 7 – – – – – – 84 –Rhode Island 97�� 78 36 – – – – – – – – – – – –Connecticut 92�� 34 18 – 9 – 5 – – – – – – 2 –

Middle Atlantic Division 3 708� 286 45 10 – 23 – 73 – – – – – 42 58New York 2 718�� 117 6 10 – 7 – 10 – – – – – 42 35New Jersey 265�� 30 16 – – – – 3 – – – – – – 11Pennsylvania 725�� 139 23 – – 16 – 60 – – – – – – 12

Midwest Region 29 883�� 8 873 26 28 51 56 228 34 591 168 36 572 5 4 6 123

East North CentralDivision 7 519�� 3 539 15 – 40 26 13 12 24 – – 551 5 4 2 078Ohio 763�� 148 – – 37 – – 12 – – – – – – 29Indiana 517�� 87 – – – 6 – – – – – – – – 31Illinois 544�� 90 – – – – 9 – 9 – – 16 5 – 37Michigan 2 049�� 1 315 5 – 3 10 4 – – – – – – – 858Wisconsin 3 646�� 1 899 10 – – 10 – – 15 – – 535 – 4 1 123

West North CentralDivision 22 364�� 5 334 11 28 11 30 215 22 567 168 36 21 – – 4 045Minnesota 4 931�� 3 822 11 12 – 1 49 – 2 – – 17 – – 3 704Iowa 941�� 559 – 5 – – – – 545 – – – – – 9Missouri 772�� 76 – – 6 9 – – 1 – – – – – 56North Dakota 2 474�� 578 – – – – 143 – – 168 – – – – 267South Dakota 10 910�� 42 – 11 5 8 5 – – – – 4 – – 9Nebraska 1 232�� 30 – – – 6 – – 7 – – – – – –Kansas 1 104�� 227 – – – 6 18 22 12 – 36 – – – –

South Region 34 181�� 2 208 24 81 80 539 27 48 93 – 747 68 – 41 237

South Atlantic Division 5 967�� 335 24 7 46 15 5 – – – – 9 – 41 122Delaware 27�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maryland 290�� 12 – – – – – – – – – – – – 12District of Columbia 46�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Virginia 605�� 16 8 – – – – – – – – – – – –West Virginia 133�� 49 – – – – – – – – – – – – –North Carolina 1 888�� 68 16 – – 15 – – – – – 9 – – 28South Carolina 183�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Georgia 679�� 40 – 7 6 – 5 – – – – – – 22 –Florida 2 116�� 150 – – 40 – – – – – – – – 19 82

East South CentralDivision 6 639�� 98 – – 22 – 7 – – – – 28 – – 41Kentucky 335�� 30 – – 16 – 7 – – – – – – – 7Tennessee 559�� 64 – – 6 – – – – – – 24 – – 34Alabama 505�� 4 – – – – – – – – – 4 – – –Mississippi 5 240�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

West South CentralDivision 21 575�� 1 775 – 74 12 524 15 48 93 – 747 31 – – 74Arkansas 554�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Louisiana 509�� 11 – – 2 – – – – – – – – – 9Oklahoma 17 294�� 1 217 – 61 – 496 8 39 80 – 323 31 – – 38Texas 3 218�� 547 – 13 10 28 7 9 13 – 424 – – – 27

West Region 283 629�� 5 491 35 1 003 1 216 1 455 830 20 18 9 12 9 – 2 490

Mountain Division 242 038�� 4 573 10 988 1 087 1 368 739 13 18 – 4 9 – – 225Montana 8 965�� 3 112 – 53 1 014 1 170 718 – – – – – – – 88Idaho 2 116�� 76 – – 10 24 3 – – – – – – – 39Wyoming 1 790�� 989 – 909 – 51 9 – – – – – – – 11Colorado 4 646�� 106 – 8 9 50 – 8 4 – – – – – 20New Mexico 93 940�� 122 10 12 21 66 – – – – – – – – 13Arizona 117 512�� 83 – 6 4 5 5 – 14 – 4 – – – 30Utah 10 260�� 8 – – – 2 4 – – – – – – – 2Nevada 2 809�� 77 – – 29 – – 5 – – – 9 – – 22

Pacific Division 41 591�� 918 25 15 129 87 91 7 – 9 8 – – 2 265Washington 3 761�� 239 – 11 44 41 64 – – – – – – – 67Oregon 1 633�� 92 – – 27 3 3 7 – – – – – – 31California 7 562�� 543 25 4 52 43 17 – – 9 8 – – – 157Alaska 28 481�� 37 – – 6 – 7 – – – – – – – 10Hawaii 154�� 7 – – – – – – – – – – – 2 –

Characteristics of American Indians and Alaska Natives by Tribe and Language United States Summary 1U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000

Table 1. American Indian and Alaska Native Languages Spoken at Home by American Indiansand Alaska Natives 5 Years and Over: 2000�Con.



American Indian languages�Con.

Algonquian languages�Con. Athapascan�Eyak languages

Apache languages

OttawaPassama�

quoddy Potawatomi Shawnee Yurok

OtherAlgonquianlanguages Total Total Apache Chiricahua Jicarilla

SanCarlos

OtherApache

languages AthapascanChastaCosta

United States 436�� 882 499 308 231 214 189 738 13 681 12 502 176 662 332 9 1 272 45

Northeast Region –�� 870 – 10 – 124 233 30 30 – – – – – –

New England Division –�� 852 – – – 117 99 6 6 – – – – – –Maine –�� 807 – – – 71 5 – – – – – – – –New Hampshire –�� 3 – – – 7 30 – – – – – – – –Vermont –�� – – – – 39 – – – – – – – – –Massachusetts –�� – – – – – 40 6 6 – – – – – –Rhode Island –�� 42 – – – – – – – – – – – – –Connecticut –�� – – – – – 24 – – – – – – – –

Middle Atlantic Division –� 18 – 10 – 7 134 24 24 – – – – – –New York –�� – – – – 7 71 15 15 – – – – – –New Jersey –�� – – – – – 25 – – – – – – – –Pennsylvania –�� 18 – 10 – – 38 9 9 – – – – – –

Midwest Region 414�� – 420 111 – 6 1 083 94 94 – – – – – –

East North CentralDivision 403�� – 253 109 – 6 459 34 34 – – – – – –Ohio –�� – – 64 – 6 173 20 20 – – – – – –Indiana –�� – 21 29 – – 73 7 7 – – – – – –Illinois 5�� – 9 – – – 115 – – – – – – – –Michigan 378�� – 57 – – – 87 7 7 – – – – – –Wisconsin 20�� – 166 16 – – 11 – – – – – – – –

West North CentralDivision 11�� – 167 2 – – 624 60 60 – – – – – –Minnesota 11�� – 15 – – – 34 – – – – – – – –Iowa –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Missouri –�� – 4 – – – 120 24 24 – – – – – –North Dakota –�� – – – – – 45 – – – – – – – –South Dakota –�� – – – – – 64 8 8 – – – – – –Nebraska –�� – 15 2 – – 132 10 10 – – – – – –Kansas –�� – 133 – – – 229 18 18 – – – – – –

South Region 9�� – 29 178 – 7 2 080 297 288 – – – 9 – 2

South Atlantic Division –�� – – 66 – – 714 144 144 – – – – – –Delaware –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maryland –�� – – – – – 114 70 70 – – – – – –District of Columbia –�� – – – – – 4 – – – – – – – –Virginia –�� – – 8 – – 149 16 16 – – – – – –West Virginia –�� – – 49 – – 54 1 1 – – – – – –North Carolina –�� – – – – – 203 27 27 – – – – – –South Carolina –�� – – – – – 28 – – – – – – – –Georgia –�� – – – – – 112 23 23 – – – – – –Florida –�� – – 9 – – 50 7 7 – – – – – –

East South CentralDivision –�� – – – – – 127 15 15 – – – – – –Kentucky –�� – – – – – 35 – – – – – – – –Tennessee –�� – – – – – 64 15 15 – – – – – –Alabama –�� – – – – – 15 – – – – – – – –Mississippi –�� – – – – – 13 – – – – – – – –

West South CentralDivision 9�� – 29 112 – 7 1 239 138 129 – – – 9 – 2Arkansas –�� – – – – – 54 14 14 – – – – – –Louisiana –�� – – – – – 83 – – – – – – – –Oklahoma 1�� – 28 112 – – 478 44 35 – – – 9 – 2Texas 8�� – 1 – – 7 624 80 80 – – – – – –

West Region 13�� 12 50 9 231 77 186 342 13 260 12 090 176 662 332 – 1 272 43

Mountain Division 9�� 12 21 2 3 65 181 563 12 980 11 842 170 636 332 – 13 2Montana –�� – 11 – – 58 149 4 4 – – – – 6 –Idaho –�� – – – – – 219 – – – – – – – –Wyoming 9�� – – – – – 169 – – – – – – – –Colorado –�� – – – – 7 2 543 161 147 14 – – – – –New Mexico –�� – – – – – 69 442 1 706 903 156 636 11 – – 2Arizona –�� 12 3 – – – 99 535 11 060 10 739 – – 321 – 7 –Utah –�� – – – – – 8 936 15 15 – – – – – –Nevada –�� – 7 2 3 – 570 34 34 – – – – – –

Pacific Division 4�� – 29 7 228 12 4 779 280 248 6 26 – – 1 259 41Washington 2�� – – – – 10 432 20 16 – 4 – – 17 –Oregon –�� – – – 21 – 294 24 24 – – – – 4 25California –�� – 12 7 207 2 2 104 227 201 4 22 – – 59 16Alaska 2�� – 12 – – – 1 889 2 – 2 – – – 1 179 –Hawaii –�� – 5 – – – 60 7 7 – – – – – –

2 United States Summary Characteristics of American Indians and Alaska Natives by Tribe and LanguageU.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000



United StatesRegionDivisinState


Athapascan�Eyak languages�Con. Central and South American Indian languages

Hupa Koyukon Kuchin Navajo

OtherAthapascan�

Eyaklanguages

Caddoanlanguages Total Arawakian

Mayanlanguages Misumalpan

Oto�Manguen Quechua

Tupi�Guarani

OtherCentral

and SouthAmerican

Indianlanguages Haida

United States 163�� 100 540 173 800 137 204 2 918 397 1 367 27 984 117 – 26 103

Northeast Region –�� – – 203 – – 413 269 8 6 87 37 – 6 3

New England Division –�� – – 93 – – 19 8 5 – – 6 – – 3Maine –�� – – 5 – – – – – – – – – – –New Hampshire –�� – – 30 – – – – – – – – – – –Vermont –�� – – – – – 5 – 5 – – – – – –Massachusetts –�� – – 34 – – 14 8 – – – 6 – – 3Rhode Island –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Connecticut –�� – – 24 – – – – – – – – – – –

Middle Atlantic Division –� – – 110 – – 394 261 3 6 87 31 – 6 –New York –�� – – 56 – – 348 261 3 6 46 26 – 6 –New Jersey –�� – – 25 – – 46 – – – 41 5 – – –Pennsylvania –�� – – 29 – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest Region –�� – – 989 – 72 262 21 153 – 67 15 – 6 –

East North CentralDivision –�� – – 425 – – 183 21 122 – 40 – – – –Ohio –�� – – 153 – – 47 – 41 – 6 – – – –Indiana –�� – – 66 – – – – – – – – – – –Illinois –�� – – 115 – – 52 21 – – 31 – – – –Michigan –�� – – 80 – – 81 – 81 – – – – – –Wisconsin –�� – – 11 – – 3 – – – 3 – – – –

West North CentralDivision –�� – – 564 – 72 79 – 31 – 27 15 – 6 –Minnesota –�� – – 34 – – 6 – – – – 6 – – –Iowa –�� – – – – – 9 – – – – 9 – – –Missouri –�� – – 96 – – 27 – – – 27 – – – –North Dakota –�� – – 45 – 47 6 – – – – – – 6 –South Dakota –�� – – 56 – 12 – – – – – – – – –Nebraska –�� – – 122 – – 31 – 31 – – – – – –Kansas –�� – – 211 – 13 – – – – – – – – –

South Region –�� – – 1 781 – 127 659 3 571 11 53 21 – – –

South Atlantic Division –�� – – 570 – – 543 3 492 – 41 7 – – –Delaware –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maryland –�� – – 44 – – – – – – – – – – –District of Columbia –�� – – 4 – – 7 – 7 – – – – – –Virginia –�� – – 133 – – 3 – – – 3 – – – –West Virginia –�� – – 53 – – – – – – – – – – –North Carolina –�� – – 176 – – 37 – 20 – 17 – – – –South Carolina –�� – – 28 – – 19 – 14 – 5 – – – –Georgia –�� – – 89 – – 15 3 5 – 7 – – – –Florida –�� – – 43 – – 462 – 446 – 9 7 – – –

East South CentralDivision –�� – – 112 – – – – – – – – – – –Kentucky –�� – – 35 – – – – – – – – – – –Tennessee –�� – – 49 – – – – – – – – – – –Alabama –�� – – 15 – – – – – – – – – – –Mississippi –�� – – 13 – – – – – – – – – – –

West South CentralDivision –�� – – 1 099 – 127 116 – 79 11 12 14 – – –Arkansas –�� – – 40 – – 51 – 51 – – – – – –Louisiana –�� – – 83 – – – – – – – – – – –Oklahoma –�� – – 432 – 123 – – – – – – – – –Texas –�� – – 544 – 4 65 – 28 11 12 14 – – –

West Region 163�� 100 540 170 827 137 5 1 584 104 635 10 777 44 – 14 100

Mountain Division –�� – 4 168 564 – 5 158 12 86 – 31 22 – 7 –Montana –�� – 4 135 – – 4 – 4 – – – – – –Idaho –�� – – 219 – – 15 – – – – 15 – – –Wyoming –�� – – 169 – – – – – – – – – – –Colorado –�� – – 2 382 – – 49 – 49 – – – – – –New Mexico –�� – – 67 734 – – 21 12 9 – – – – – –Arizona –�� – – 88 468 – 5 50 – 24 – 19 – – 7 –Utah –�� – – 8 921 – – 12 – – – 12 – – – –Nevada –�� – – 536 – – 7 – – – – 7 – – –

Pacific Division 163�� 100 536 2 263 137 – 1 426 92 549 10 746 22 – 7 100Washington –�� – – 359 36 – 7 – 4 – 3 – – – 9Oregon 8�� – 58 175 – – 49 – 33 – 16 – – – –California 155�� – – 1 632 15 – 1 370 92 512 10 727 22 – 7 –Alaska –�� 100 478 44 86 – – – – – – – – – 91Hawaii –�� – – 53 – – – – – – – – – – –






Hokan languages

Yuman languages

Total Karok Pomo Washo TotalCoco�

maricopa

DeltaRiver

Yuman Diegueno Havasupai Mohave Walapai Yavapai Yuma

OtherYuman

languages

OtherHokan

languages

United States 3 201�� 166 216 218 2 587 144 342 74 572 183 783 181 306 2 14

Northeast Region –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

New England Division –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maine –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –New Hampshire –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Vermont –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Massachusetts –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Rhode Island –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Connecticut –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Middle Atlantic Division –� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –New York –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –New Jersey –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Pennsylvania –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest Region 37�� – 12 – 25 – – – – – 12 – 13 – –

East North CentralDivision –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Ohio –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Indiana –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Illinois –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Michigan –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Wisconsin –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

West North CentralDivision 37�� – 12 – 25 – – – – – 12 – 13 – –Minnesota –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Iowa 12�� – 12 – – – – – – – – – – – –Missouri –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –North Dakota –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –South Dakota 25�� – – – 25 – – – – – 12 – 13 – –Nebraska –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Kansas –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

South Region 11�� – – – 11 – – – – – 11 – – – –

South Atlantic Division –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Delaware –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maryland –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –District of Columbia –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Virginia –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –West Virginia –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –North Carolina –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –South Carolina –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Georgia –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Florida –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

East South CentralDivision –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Kentucky –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Tennessee –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Alabama –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Mississippi –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

West South CentralDivision 11�� – – – 11 – – – – – 11 – – – –Arkansas –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Louisiana –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Oklahoma 11�� – – – 11 – – – – – 11 – – – –Texas –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

West Region 3 153�� 166 204 218 2 551 144 342 74 572 183 760 181 293 2 14

Mountain Division 2 277�� 13 – 186 2 078 142 322 – 559 141 711 173 30 – –Montana –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Idaho 13�� 13 – – – – – – – – – – – – –Wyoming –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Colorado –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –New Mexico 20�� – – – 20 – – – 20 – – – – – –Arizona 2 058�� – – – 2 058 142 322 – 539 141 711 173 30 – –Utah 15�� – – 15 – – – – – – – – – – –Nevada 171�� – – 171 – – – – – – – – – – –

Pacific Division 876�� 153 204 32 473 2 20 74 13 42 49 8 263 2 14Washington 16�� 11 – – 5 – – – – – 5 – – – –Oregon 10�� 10 – – – – – – – – – – – – –California 844�� 132 204 32 462 2 20 74 13 42 38 8 263 2 14Alaska 6�� – – – 6 – – – – – 6 – – – –Hawaii –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

4 United States Summary Characteristics of American Indians and Alaska Natives by Tribe and LanguageU.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000





Iroquoian languages Muskogean languages

Total Cherokee Iroquois Mohawk Oneida Seneca Tuscarora

OtherIroquoian

languages Keres Total Alabama Choctaw Koasati MikasukiMusko�

gee

OtherMusko�

geanlanguages

United States 14 780�� 12 009 143 1 163 553 705 93 114 10 522 15 187 281 9 272 245 380 5 009 –

Northeast Region 2 147�� 386 85 870 42 602 76 86 – 47 – 40 – – 7 –

New England Division 96�� 5 6 84 – 1 – – – – – – – – – –Maine 4�� 4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –New Hampshire 11�� – – 11 – – – – – – – – – – – –Vermont 11�� 1 6 3 – 1 – – – – – – – – – –Massachusetts 67�� – – 67 – – – – – – – – – – – –Rhode Island 3�� – – 3 – – – – – – – – – – – –Connecticut –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Middle Atlantic Division 2 051� 381 79 786 42 601 76 86 – 47 – 40 – – 7 –New York 1 658�� 135 74 663 42 582 76 86 – 28 – 28 – – – –New Jersey 68�� 29 – 39 – – – – – – – – – – – –Pennsylvania 325�� 217 5 84 – 19 – – – 19 – 12 – – 7 –

Midwest Region 1 729�� 1 147 18 70 471 23 – – 43 408 – 147 – – 261 –

East North CentralDivision 1 143�� 580 16 57 471 19 – – 13 114 – 87 – – 27 –Ohio 258�� 239 9 – – 10 – – – 16 – 16 – – – –Indiana 128�� 128 – – – – – – 11 54 – 40 – – 14 –Illinois 61�� 61 – – – – – – – 25 – 15 – – 10 –Michigan 202�� 109 – 51 42 – – – – 14 – 14 – – – –Wisconsin 494�� 43 7 6 429 9 – – 2 5 – 2 – – 3 –

West North CentralDivision 586�� 567 2 13 – 4 – – 30 294 – 60 – – 234 –Minnesota 15�� 15 – – – – – – 9 16 – – – – 16 –Iowa 83�� 83 – – – – – – – 9 – 9 – – – –Missouri 295�� 293 2 – – – – – – 94 – 19 – – 75 –North Dakota 5�� 5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –South Dakota 20�� 7 – 13 – – – – 5 35 – 12 – – 23 –Nebraska 8�� 8 – – – – – – 16 – – – – – – –Kansas 160�� 156 – – – 4 – – – 140 – 20 – – 120 –

South Region 9 708�� 9 493 17 111 10 49 – 28 50 14 150 281 8 803 221 380 4 465 –

South Atlantic Division 1 917�� 1 774 9 95 – 24 – 15 11 1 030 – 115 – 380 535 –Delaware –�� – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Maryland 66�� 17 – 43 – 6 – – – 24 – 18 – – 6 –District of Columbia 29�� 29 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Virginia 90�� 90 – – – – – – 11 79 – 39 – – 40 –West Virginia 10�� 10 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –North Carolina 1 216�� 1 196 – – – 11 – 9 – 54 – 46 – – 8 –South Carolina 49�� 49 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Georgia 156�� 130 – 20 – – – 6 – 93 – – – – 93 –Florida 301�� 253 9 32 – 7 – – – 780 – 12 – 380 388 –

East South CentralDivision 615�� 600 – 5 10 – – – 6 5 338 – 5 233 – – 105 –Kentucky 86�� 86 – – – – – – – 32 – 32 – – – –Tennessee 257�� 242 – 5 10 – – – – 78 – 78 – – – –Alabama 205�� 205 – – – – – – 6 138 – 43 – – 95 –Mississippi 67�� 67 – – – – – – – 5 090 – 5 080 – – 10 –

West South CentralDivision 7 176�� 7 119 8 11 – 25 – 13 33 7 782 281 3 455 221 – 3 825 –Arkansas 194�� 184 – – – 10 – – – 164 – 135 – – 29 –Louisiana 42�� 42 – – – – – – 6 206 2 57 147 – – –Oklahoma 6 543�� 6 528 – – – 15 – – 21 6 651 – 2 984 – – 3 667 –Texas 397�� 365 8 11 – – – 13 6 761 279 279 74 – 129 –

West Region 1 196�� 983 23 112 30 31 17 – 10 429 582 – 282 24 – 276 –

Mountain Division 471�� 373 – 67 14 17 – – 10 267 257 – 139 10 – 108 –Montana 37�� 17 – 20 – – – – – 6 – – – – 6 –Idaho 12�� 12 – – – – – – 8 5 – 5 – – – –Wyoming 27�� 15 – – – 12 – – – – – – – – – –Colorado 119�� 119 – – – – – – 28 62 – 30 – – 32 –New Mexico 48�� 31 – 3 14 – – – 10 123 46 – 38 – – 8 –Arizona 166�� 136 – 25 – 5 – – 101 102 – 46 – – 56 –Utah 18�� 18 – – – – – – – 12 – 12 – – – –Nevada 44�� 25 – 19 – – – – 7 24 – 8 10 – 6 –

Pacific Division 725�� 610 23 45 16 14 17 – 162 325 – 143 14 – 168 –Washington 130�� 123 – – 7 – – – 2 61 – – – – 61 –Oregon 87�� 68 – – 2 – 17 – 10 31 – 17 14 – – –California 493�� 404 23 45 7 14 – – 125 213 – 119 – – 94 –Alaska 12�� 12 – – – – – – 25 20 – 7 – – 13 –Hawaii 3�� 3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –






Penutian languages

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