characteristics of a long bone 2009 revise
TRANSCRIPT
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Characteristics of a Long Bone
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A. Epiphysis• The two ends of a long
bone which are wider than the shaft and take part in the formation of a joint
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B. Diaphysis
• Shaft of the long bone
Diaphysis
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J. Epiphyseal Disc• In the embryo and the growing
child it is a cartilaginous plate located between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
• AKA = Growth Plate
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• It allows for the lengthwise growth of the bone
• It is not present when growing is complete
J. Epiphyseal Disc
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J. Epiphyseal Disc
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K. Metaphysis
Metaphysis
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• Spongy bone tissue located between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal disc
• In the adult the metaphysis is becomes one with the epiphysis
K. Metaphysis
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C. Compact bone
• Bone laid down in concentric layers making it appear solid
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• This type of bone forms the outer surface of all bones
• It is found in increased width in the diaphysis
C. Compact bone
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C. Compact bone
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D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone
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• Composed of very thin plates that intersect other plates of bone at various angles, leaving relatively large spaces between them which are filled with bone marrow
D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone
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• Spongy bone is found in the epiphysis
D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone
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G. Medullary Cavity• Cavity coursing the
length of the diaphysis which contains bone marrow
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G. Medullary Cavity
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E. Periosteum
• Connective tissue sheath composed of two layers
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E. Periosteum
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a. Outer layer• Tough fibrous layer that
along with bone itself, serves as a place of insertion for muscle tendons
E. Periosteum
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b. Inner layer• Delicate cellular layer
responsible for producing growth in the diameter of bone
E. Periosteum
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F. Endosteum
Endosteum
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• Thin cellular layer found covering the medullary cavity and the cavities of spongy bone which allows for the growth of the diameter of the medullary cavity
F. Endosteum
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• This prevents the bone from becoming too solid and heavy as it increases in size
F. Endosteum
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H.Articular Cartilage
• Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the bones that are in contact with each other
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• The flexibility of the cartilage protects the epiphysis during movement preventing wearing away of the bone
H. Articular Cartilage
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I. Articular capsule
• Composed of two layers:
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a.Outer layer
• A fibrous layer that is becomes part of the periosteum
I. Articular capsule
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b. Inner layer • The SYNOVIAL
MEMBRANE lines the inside of the fibrous layer
I. Articular capsule