chapter twelve

Chapter Twelve

Investigating Organized Crime in

America andYouth Crimes

Policing America, 6th editionKenneth Peak

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.2

Unit 7 Assignments Unit 7 Quiz Unit 7 discussion question Unit 7 seminar Unit 7 project paper Assignments due Jan 4th

Directions for project paper was posted and emailed to all students




Grade Update Review your grade report Three papers are due by Jan 4th

Unit 3 project paper

Unit 5 mid term essay questions

Unit 7 project paper I will enforce deadline for discussion

question All responses are due by Monday at

midnight Discussion questions opened on Monday

Class Ends Jan 24th




Policing Organized Crime

Organized crime Any group having some manner of

formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities

Oldest, most profitable, and most dangerous form of organized crime in the US is the Mafia




Organized Crime Several nationalities are involved

in organized crime Examples are the Chinese Triads,

Japanese Yakuza, Russian Vorovskoy Zakon and other groups

Most commonly known is the mafia




Policing Organized Crime Origins can be traced back to 13th

century Sicily “Morte Alle Francia Italia Anela” meaning

“Death to the French is Italy’s Cry” Can anyone explain why the Italians

were fighting the French and the role of mafia?

The acronym of this is MAFIA Mafia has a formal structure




Policing Organized Crime By the 1960s the Mafia’s influence in

America had grown to a multibillion-dollar syndicate of criminal enterprises run by 26 families nationwide

Beginning in the mid-1980s, the FBI led an assault on the Mafia

Put away two generations of godfathers




Video Time

Watch this video and return back to class

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A694B7IYFF0&feature=fvsr

Return to the class after watching the video in You Tube

What are your reactions to the video?




Policing Organized Crime

How was this success obtained?1. Expanded use of electronic eavesdropping

(wiretapping)2. Use of informants3. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt

Organizations Act (RICO)In your opinion is the mafia more of an

illicit mom-and-pop operation or a real threat?




Informants for Organized Crime

FBI and other agencies will work undercover to gather information

FBI also obtained the cooperation of known mafia members

Can you name some famous mafia informants?

Would this technique be useful for other organized crime groups?




Policing Hate crimes A hate crime is defined as a crime

motivated by a offender’s bias against a victim’s race, religion, ethnic origin, gender, age, disability or sexual orientation

Frequently there are a combination of crimes such as property crime and a hate crime

What is the most common type of crime associated with hate crime?




Policing Hate Crimes Hate Crime Statistics Act (1990)

Forced police to collect statistics on hate crimes

Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) Developed expertise in identifying

and tracking hate-crime groups and incidents




Policing Hate Crimes Authority on hate crimes and groups Intelligence Project

Conducts training for law enforcement Counts 803 active hate groups in US Include black separatist groups, Christian

identity groups, the KKK, neo-Nazis, neo-Confederates, racist skinheads




Policing Hate Crimes FBI reports about 9650 hate-crime

victimization each year About 52.1% are motivated by

racial-bias About 15% are aimed at sexual

orientation About 18% religion About 1% aimed at victim’s

disability




Policing Youth Crimes

About 46.3% of all persons arrested in the US are under the age of 24

26.2% are under 19 Juvenile crime remains one of the

nation’s most serious problems During a recent ten-year period,

juveniles ages 12 to 14 and 15 to 17 experienced average annual rates of nonfatal violence that were about 2.5 times higher than rate for adults




Policing Youth Crimes Four in five victims of nonfatal violent

crime, ages 12 to 14, perceived the offender to be a juvenile

Laws enacted that make the juvenile system more punitive and easier to transfer juveniles into the adult system

Incarceration rate of 645 makes the US second only to that of Russia at 685




Policing Youth Crimes School violence and bullying Strategies for police and citizens to

help prevent school violence1. Publicizing the philosophy that a

gang presence will not be tolerated2. Alerting students and parents about

school rules and punishments





3. Creating alternative schools for students that cannot function in a regular classroom

4. Training parents, teachers, and school staff to identify at risk children

5. Developing community initiatives focused on breaking family cycles of violence

6. Establishing peer counseling




Policing Youth Crimes School resource officers (SROs) Bullying Two key components1. Repeated harmful acts2. An imbalance of power

Between 5 and 9 percent of students bully others with some regularity




Policing Youth Crimes SARA fights bullying in Ohio Survey, interviews, and focus

groups conducted by academics from Kent State University’s justice studies department

Geographic Information System mapped hot spots in the schools





Four areas of concern1. The environmental design of the

school areas2. Teachers’ knowledge and response

to the problem3. Parents’ attitude and responses4. Students’ perceptions and

behaviors




Policing Youth Crimes Assessment found the bullying

incidents dropped by 60% in the hallways and 80% in the gym area

Surveys indicated positive attitudinal change among students




Policing Youth Crimes Gun violence Overall homicide rate declined in

1980s and 1990s Youth violence, particularly gun

homicide began increasing dramatically

Research as linked urban gun violence to gang conflicts over drug markets

Operation Cease Fire




Policing Youth CrimesDisorderly conduct in public placesResponse to the problem1. Creating alternative legitimate

places and activities for youth2. Encouraging youth to gather

where they will not disturb others3. Reducing the comfort level of

popular gathering places





4. Installing and monitoring closed-circuit television cameras

5. Establishing and enforcing rules of conduct

6. Denying youth anonymity by getting to know the names and faces of young people




Policing Youth Crimes Underage drinking The average age when youth first try

alcohol is 11 years for boys and 13 years for girls

Average age at which Americans begin drinking regularly is 15.9 years

Adolscents who began drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to develop alcohol dependency than those who began at 21




Policing Youth Crimes Estimated 3 million teenagers are

alcoholics Of the three leading causes of

death for 15- to 24-year-olds – automobile crashes, homicides, and suicides – alcohol is a leading factor in all three





Police responses to underage drinking

1. Target reduction of the community’s overall alcohol consumption

2. Use a comprehensive approach




Goodnight

Thank you for the active participation

My AIM jminella124 [email protected] Start to participate in the discussion

board…last post accepted is Monday Class will end Jan 22nd

chapter twelve

Documents

editionkenneth peak

pearson education

upper saddle river

mafiapolicing america

thpolicing america

policing organized crimeby

policing organized crimehow

organized crimeexamples