Chapter: Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Section 2: Solubility and Concentration

How much can dissolve?

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• SOLUBILITY (sol yuh BIH luh tee) is the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature.

Comparing Solubilities

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• The amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent depends on the nature of these substances.

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• The CONCENTRATION describes how much solute is present in a solution compared to the amount of solvent.

• Mathematically this means:• How much solute <=> measured in grams• Amount of solvent <=> measured in ml

• Comparison <=> ratio• Solute/solvent <=> grams/milliliter

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

Precise Concentrations

• Concentrations of solutions can be described precisely, such as the percentage by volume of the solute.

Types of Solutions

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• A SATURATED SOLUTION is a solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature.

Saturated Solutions

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

Saturated Solutions

• The table shows the amounts of a few solutes that can dissolve in 100 g of water at different temperatures to form saturated solutions.

Solubility CurvesSolubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• You can use a SOLUBILITY CURVE to determine how much solute will dissolve at any temperature given on the graph.

Solubility Curves

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• An UNSATURATED SOLUTION is any solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Where on the Solubility Curve would one find an Unsaturated Solution?

A. Above the line of the curve

B. On the line of the curve

C. Below the line of the curve

[Default][MC Any][MC All]

Q1

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• A SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION is one that contains more solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature.

Supersaturated Solutions

Solubility and ConcentrationSolubility and Concentration

• Supersaturated solutions are unstable.

What is Solubility?

A. Maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature.

B. Describes how much solute is present in a solution compared to the amount of solvent.

C. A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature.

A(n) ___________ solution is any solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

A. electrolyteB. saturatedC. supersaturatedD. unsaturated

Which is true of a supersaturated solution?

A. Conducts electricity in waterB. Can dissolve more solute at a

given temperatureC. Cannot form crystals when

additional solute is addedD. unstable

Q4

Approximately how many grams of NaCl will dissolve to create a Saturated solution at 10°C?

A. 38 gB. 40 gC. 60 gD. 85 g

Approximately how many grams of Potassium bromide is needed to create a Saturated solution at 60°C?

A. 40 gB. 160 gC. 100 gD. 80 g

Approximately how many grams of Potassium nitrate is needed to create a Saturated solution at 100°C?

A. 40 gB. 90 gC. 240 gD. 200 g

At what temperature will 120 g of Sodium chlorate form a saturated solution?

A. 30°CB. 45°CC. 55°CD. 100°C

At what temperature will 120 g of Potassium nitrate form a saturated solution?

A. 98°CB. 88°CC. 78°CD. 68°C

At what temperature will 78 g of Sodium chlorate form a saturated solution?

A. 4°C

B. 28°C

C. 48°C

D. This solution is not possible.