chapter resources
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Chapter Resources. Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. earth.msscience.com. Image Bank. Foldables. Video Clips and Animations. Chapter Summary. Chapter Review Questions. Standardized Test Practice. earth.msscience.com. Image Bank. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter ResourcesChapter Resources
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earth.msscience.com
Image Bank
Foldables
Video Clips and Animations
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter Review Questions
Chapter Summary
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earth.msscience.com
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To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps:
• Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image.
• Copy the image
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Origin of Oceans
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Origin of Oceans
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Chart – Ocean Water
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Chart – Ocean Water
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Desalination Plants
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Surface Currents
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Upwelling
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Antarctica
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The Mediterranean Sea
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Describing Waves
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Waves Breaking on Sea Shore
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Waves in the Middle of the Ocean
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High Tide
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Low Tide
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The Gravitational Effect of the Moon
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The Gravitational Effect of the Sun
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The Gravitational Effect of the Sun
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FoldablesFoldables
Ocean Motion
Make the following Foldable to help you understand the cause-and-effect relationship of ocean motion.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold a vertical sheet of paper in half from top to bottom.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold in half from side to side with the previous fold at the top.
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FoldablesFoldables
Unfold the paper once. Cut only the fold of the top flap to make two tabs.
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FoldablesFoldables
Turn the paper vertically and label the front tabs as shown.
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FoldablesFoldables
As you read the chapter, write what you learn about why the ocean moves and the effects of ocean motion under the appropriate tabs.
Identify Questions
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Video ClipsVideo Clips
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11
• Earth’s ocean water might have originated from water vapor released from volcanoes. Over millions of years, the water condensed and rain fell, filling basins.
Ocean Water
• The oceans are a mixture of water, dissolved salts, and dissolved gases.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Ions are added to ocean water by rivers, volcanic eruptions, and the atmosphere. When seawater is evaporated, these ions combine to form salts.
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22
• Wind causes surface currents. Surface currents are affected by the Coriolis effect.
Ocean Currents
• Cool currents off western coasts originate far from the equator. Warmer currents along eastern coasts begin near the equator.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Differences in temperature and salinity between water masses in the oceans set up circulation patterns called density currents.
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33
• A wave is a rhythmic movement that carries energy.
Ocean Waves and Tides
• In a wave, energy moves forward while water molecules move around in small circles.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Wind causes water to pile up and form waves. Tides are caused by gravitational forces.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 1
Answer
What are the most abundant elements in seawater?
Hydrogen and oxygen that make up the water are the most abundant elements in seawater.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 2
The highest point of a wave is the _________.
A. amplitudeB. crestC. troughD. wavelength
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
AnswerThe answer is B. The trough is the lowest point of the wave.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 3The rise and fall in sea level is a __________, caused by a giant wave produced by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon.
A. currentB. crestC. rangeD. tide
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
AnswerThe answer is D. Although the wave causing the tide has a height of only 1-2 m, its wavelength is thousands of kilometers long.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 4What is the difference between the ocean levels at high and low tides called?
AnswerThis difference is called the tidal range. Most shorelines have tidal ranges of 1-2 meters, but there are places with tidal ranges greater than 10 m.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 5The bulges in ocean water caused by the gravitation pull of the Moon are the __________ tides.
A. earlyB. highC. lowD. short
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
AnswerThe answer is B. These bulges in ocean water are the high tides.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 1
What percentage of the dissolved salts in ocean water do chloride and sodium ions comprise?
A. 3.5B. 30.6C. 55.0D. 85.6
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is D. Chloride and sodium are the two most abundant ions of the dissolved salts in ocean water.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 2
What type of facility does the diagram illustrate?
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
A. desalination plantB. greenhouseC. solar heat collectorD. tidal power plant
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is A. This desalination plant uses solar energy to produce freshwater.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 3Which major surface current affected sailing ships traveling between the United States and England?
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
A. Equatorial CounterB. Gulf StreamC. Labrador CurrentD. West Wind Drift
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is B. The Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico are the source of the Gulf Stream current.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 4Which type of ocean current does the diagram illustrate?
A. CoriolisB. densityC. surfaceD. upwelling
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is D. Upwellings bring deep water to the ocean surface.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 5What does “A” show in the diagram?
A. crestB. frequencyC. troughD. wavelength
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is D. Wavelength is the horizontal distance between crests or troughs of two adjacent waves.
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End of Chapter Resources File