chapter preview 2 chapter preview · section 2 other groups and networks (pages 177–180) reference...
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Chapter Preview 2
Chapter Preview · Section 2Other Groups and Networks (pages 177–180)
Reference groups help us evaluate ourselves and form identities. In-groups and out-groups divide people into “we” and “they”. Social networks extend our contacts and le us form links to many other people.
Section 2
Reference Groups
• Reference groups help us to evaluate ourselves and to acquire attitudes, beliefs, and norms—in both positive and negative ways.
• People use reference groups to evaluate themselves and to acquire attitudes, values, beliefs, norms, and mores.
Section 2
Reference Groups
• A person may consider a group to be a reference group without being a member.
• Reference groups do not have to be positive models since observing the behavior of a group you dislike may reinforce a desire to act and feel differently.
A. A
B. B
Section 2
Do you agree that other groups help shape your beliefs?
A. Agree
B. Disagree
A B
0%0%
Section 2
In-Groups and Out-Groups
• An in-group requires extreme loyalty from its members to the exclusion of others.
• The in-group feels opposition, antagonism, or competition toward the out-group.
Section 2
In-Groups and Out-Groups (cont.)
• These groups can be found anywhere and display some sort of boundary that distinguishes them.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 2
A B C D
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Which could be considered a group boundary?
A. Handshake
B. Clothing
C. Badges
D. All of the above
Section 2
Social Networks
• A social network is the web of social relationships that join a person to other people and groups.
Section 2
Social Networks (cont.)
• A social network does not qualify as a group, but serves many purposes.
• Functions:
– A sense of belonging and purpose
– Help and advice
– Help finding a job
Section 2
Social Networks
• Since social networks include both primary and secondary groups, the social relationships within a network involve both strong and weak ties.
• Social networks can provide a sense of belonging and purpose, furnish support in the form of help and advice, and be a tool for entering the labor market.
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 2
Do you think groups are formed via the Internet by people who have never met one another?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
A B C
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Vocab 8
reference groups
group used for self-evaluation and the formation of attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms
Vocab 9
in-group
exclusive group demanding intense loyalty
Vocab 10
out-group
group targeted by an in-group for opposition, antagonism, or competition
Vocab 11
social network
a web of social relationships that join a person to other people and groups