Chapter-I

Farm Sector

Agriculture

Uttar Pradesh is not only the most populous but the fifth largest state in India. It is located between 23052’-31028’N Latitudes and 7704’-84o38’E longitudes. Geographically it is situated in one of the most fertile tracts of the country i.e. Ganga and Yamuna basin. Its population of 19.98 crores is 16.50% of the country, which is more than that of many other countries of the world but occupies only 7.36% of the total area of the country. It produces not only sufficient food grains for the sustenance of its population but also fulfills the food grains requirement of other states and generates a surplus for export as well.

Contribution of U.P. in Food Basket of CountryName of Crops Production during 2013-14

(in Lakh MT)Contribution of

U.P. %India U.P.

Total Food grain 2647.7 505.02 19.07Rice 165.40 146.32 13.73Wheat 959.1 303.82 31.68Jowar 53.9 1.73 3.21Bajra 91.8 18.95 20.64Maize 243.5 12.69 5.21Total Pulses 192.7 15.02 7.79Gram 98.8 2.76 2.79Arhar 32.9 2.67 7.96Lentil 11.3 3.08 27.26Total Oilseeds 328.8 8.43 2.56Groundnut 96.7 0.88 0.91Rapeseed/Mustard 79.6 6.49 8.15Sunflower 5.5 0.04 0.73Sugarcane 3500.2 1417.97 40.51Potato 443.07 116.72 26.34

Geographical Feature

Agro-climatic Zones

2. In order to drive maximum benefit from the available resource and prevailing growing conditions, an agro-climatic orientation is necessary in land use planning. Such an approach provides the desirable framework of sustainable use of land, water and vegetation. Planning Commission of India has identified 15 Resource Development Regions in the country, 14 in the Mainland and remaining 1 in the Islands of Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The goal was to organize Agricultural Planning Systems for 15 Agro climatic regions so identified and to develop policies for further Agricultural Development on Regional

basis. The country had been divided into 126 agro-climatic zones. Later on 3 more zones for Andaman and Nicobar Island and 2 zones for Pondicherry was delineated.

3. The concept of zoning was mainly based on ecological land classification recognizing various components like soils, climate, topography, vegetation and crops etc. as major influencing factors. The zones were selected as contiguous areas within the State boundary and to the possible extent zones have homogenous physical characteristics such as Topography, Rainfall, Soils, Cropping pattern and Irrigation availability. Uttar Pradesh, on the basis on rainfall, terrain and soils has been divided into 9 agro-climatic zones.

Agro Climatic Zone Wise Proportion of Districts

4. The state is divided in nine zones. The area of 13 districts fall in two agro-climatic zones and 62 districts are covered in single zones. The detailed coverage of districts is shown below:-

S. No. Agro Climatic Zone

District

1 Tarai and Bhabar Saharanpur (58%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (10%), Bijnor (79%), Moradabad (21%), Rampur (40%), Bareilly (19%), Pilibihit (75%), Shahjahanpur (6%), Khiri (39%), Bahraich (47%), Shravasti (71%)

2 Western Plain Saharanpur (42%), Muzaffarnagar Nagar (90%), Meerut, Bag pat, Gaziabad, Gautam Budha Nagar, Buland Shahar, Hapur

3 Mid Western Plain Bareilly (81%), Badaun, Pilibihit(25%), Moradabad (79%), Jyotibaphule Nagar, Rampur (60%), Bijnor (21%),. Sambhal,

Shamli.

4 South Western Dry Plain

Agra, Firozabad, Aligarh, Hathras, Mathura, Mainpuri, Etah.

5 Central Plain Shahjahanpur (94%), Kanpur Nagar, Kanpur Dehat, Etawa, .Auraiya, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Lucknow, Unnao, Raibareilly, Sitapur, Hardoi, Khiri(61%), Fetehpur, Allahabad(58%), Kaushmbi

6 Bundelkhund Jhansi, Lalitpur, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrkoot,

7 North Eastern Plain

Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Deoria, Kushi Nagar, Basti, St. Kabir Nagar, Siddhartha Nagar, Gonda, Baharaich(53%), Balrampur, Shravasti(29%).

8 Eastern Plain Azamgarh, Mau, Balia, Pratapgarh, Faizabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Barabanki, Sultanpur, Varanasi, Chandauli, Jaunpur, Gazipur, St.Ravidas Nagar(86%) .

9 Vindhyan Allahabad(42%), St. Ravidas Nagar (14%), Mirzapur, Sonebadhra

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Growth Rate

5. The agriculture sector had recorded a growth rate of above 5% during the fifth plan and two annual plan periods. Plan wise growth status shown in the following table:-

Agriculture and Allied Sectors Growth Rate in Plan Periods

Plan Agriculture & Allied Sectors (%)

Overall Economy (%)

U.P. India U.P. India1. First Plan (1951-56) 1.86 2.71 2.12 3.602. Second Plan (1956-61) 1.48 3.15 1.75 3.953. Third Plan (1961-66) (-) 0.09 (-) 0.73 1.58 2.324. Three Annual Plan (1966-69) 0.62 4.16 0.32 3.695. Fourth Plan (1969-74) 0.94 2.57 2.23 3.256. Fifth Plan (1974-79) 5.23 3.28 5.70 5.307. Sixth Plan (1981-85) 2.54 2.52 4.11 4.108. Seventh Plan (1985-90) 2.69 3.47 5.70 5.809. Two Annual Plan (1990-92) 5.42 1.01 3.14 2.4710. Eighth Plan (1992-97) 2.70 3.90 3.20 6.8011. Ninth Plan (1997-02) 0.80 1.90 2.00 5.6012. Tenth Plan (2002-07) 2.10 1.10 5.30 7.7013 Eleventh Plan(2007-12) 2.70 3.60 7.00 7.8014 Annual plan (2012-13) 5.2 1.5 3.9 5.615 Annual plan (2013-14) 0.5 4.2 4.7 6.616 Annual plan (2014-15 -2.5 -0.2 6.2 7.2

Agriculture Status

Source -wise Irrigation StatusAgro-climatic Zone -wise and source-wise irrigation status of the year 2013-14 is as under:-

unit (lakh hect.)Sl.No.

Particulars Tarai WP MWP SWSDP

MP BUND NEP EP VIN UttarPradesh

1 Canal 0.91 1.62 0.36 2.66 5.96 5.23 1.32 6.03 1.38 25.57Tube-wells Govt. 0.22 0.16 0.24 0.28 0.82 0.53 0.74 1.15 0.21 4.35Private 8.31 9.72 7.65 13.15 24.85 3.05 13.18 14.98 0.60 95.49Total 8.53 9.88 7.89 13.43 25.67 3.58 13.92 16.14 0.80 99.84

2 Other wells 1.78 0.37 4.67 0.52 0.80 2.83 1.12 0.83 0.16 13.083 Tank etc @ @ @ @ 0.04 0.88 0.15 0.02 0.09 1.194 Other Means 6.01 0.01 0.18 @ 0.01 0.29 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.605 Net Irrigated Area 11.23 11.89 13.10 16.61 32.47 12.91 16.54 23.05 2.48 140.276 Area irrigated More

Than once5.31 6.97 6.46 7.01 15.56 0.97 5.09 15.17 1.21 63.76

7 Kharif 8.95 10.86 7.98 6.20 18.11 0.96 7.32 16.81 1.47 78.678 Rabi 6.84 6.99 9.90 16.13 27.75 12.71 14.08 2.01 2.17 116.589 Zaid 0.74 1.02 1.68 1.29 2.17 0.20 0.24 1.40 0.05 8.7810 Total 16.53 18.87 19.56 23.62 48.03 13.88 21.63 38.23 23.69 204.03

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Sl.No.

Particulars Tarai WP MWP SWSDP

MP BUND NEP EP VIN UttarPradesh

Gross Irri. Area 16.53 18.87 19.56 23.62 48.03 13.88 21.63 38.23 3.69 204.031 Other wells 3.07 0.55 8.22 0.81 1.54 3.14 1.44 1.38 0.22 20.38

Tube-wells Govt. 0.26 0.23 0.30 0.35 1.00 0.55 1.05 1.65 0.27 5.65Private 11.98 15.64 10.20 18.33 35.48 3.38 17.24 24.75 0.84 137.84Total 12.23 15.87 10.50 18.68 36.48 3.93 18.29 26.39 1.11 143.49

2 Canal 1.23 2.45 0.59 4.13 9.95 5.78 1.73 10.39 2.19 38.433 Tank etc @ @ @ @ 0.05 0.88 0.15 0.02 0.13 1.234 Other Means 0.01 @ 0.25 @ 0.01 1.40 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.50

*(WP=Western Plain, MWP= Mid Western Plain, SWSDP= South Western Semi Dry Plain, MP= Mid Plain, BUND= Bundelkhand, NEP= North-Eastern Plain, EP= Eastern Plain, VIN= Vindhyan, @=figures are below 500)

Cropping Pattern/Coverage

6. Paddy and Wheat are the most important crops of the State. Maximum area is being used for cultivation of food grains of which only 11.7% is covered under pulses. Approximately 77.7% of the gross cropped area is used for the production of food grains. Other important crops grown in the State are sugarcane, potato, mustard, groundnut, gram, pea and lentil. The sunflower and soybeans have also been introduced successfully in the State. The cropping pattern in various agro-climatic zones and agro-economic regions in the State however differ significantly in terms of seasonal crops.

Strategy of Annual Plan 2016-17

Implementation of new Agriculture Policy 2013 through various schemes

7. The State Agriculture Policy 2013 for Uttar Pradesh envisaged 5.1 % growth rate in the agriculture sector. To achieve this, the Agriculture Policy revolved around implementation of activities based on seven thrust areas, called Sapt Kranti viz. extension, irrigation and water management, soil health and fertility, seed management, marketing, research and agriculture diversification. In Eleventh Five year plan, the state could achieve only 3.0% growth against the planned 4.0% for agriculture sector. Since the commencement of the existing agriculture policy, there has been a drastic change in agricultural landscape of the state.

8. The continuous increase in population, injudicious exploitation of natural resources, unplanned urbanization and industrialization, excessive use of agro-chemicals and increase in consumerism has led to air, water, soil and noise pollution, resulting in multi-dimensional problems. The Agriculture sector has become a non-profitable business due to high costs of production, lack of post-harvest management and processing facilities in the state and reduced economic returns, particularly from small land holdings. Farmers are forced to migrate to urban areas in search of alternate profitable activities, leaving agriculture in the process. Due to inclusion of agriculture in the World Trade agreement, if necessary steps are not initiated for making it a profitable venture by ensuring quality produce at low cost of production, the situation of rural areas may become worse in the near future. The changes in climatic conditions are also becoming a serious concern for agriculture. There is partial scope for expansion of area under cultivation because of the limited area available; however the quality of production can be increased through efficient use of inputs, resources, capital and agricultural knowledge. In the agricultural sector, the exploitation of

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non-conventional energy resources along with conventional resources will not only reduce the burden on conventional energy sources but also improve the quality and productivity of agricultural produce, which will help in increasing the overall income of farmers.

9. Therefore, in order to achieve the multidimensional potential of agricultural development in the state, it has become imperative to make the necessary changes in the present Agriculture Policy keeping in view the future challenges of the state.

Vision10. Transforming the state into a ‘Granary of the Nation’ by ensuring food and nutritional security and to improve the quality of village life with inclusive and sustainable growth.

Objectives

To achieve a growth rate of 5.1% in the agriculture sector.

To develop and popularize appropriate eco-friendly farming systems which would improve the soil health as well as farm income.

To develop and conserve natural resources for maintaining ecological balance.

To increase the income of farmers through agricultural diversification towards high value activities, while retaining the core-competence in area of food and nutritional security.

To develop infrastructure facilities in sectors of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, agriculture implements, extension services, food processing and marketing by promoting private sector involvement across the agricultural supply chain.

Strategies

Increasing agricultural production and productivity by improving input use efficiency, soil health and developing sodic and waste lands.

Ensuring timely availability of quality inputs.

Reducing cost of cultivation by way of better crop management, use of cost effective locally available inputs and adoption of new technologies.

Increasing the profitability of agriculture produce by way of value addition.

Promoting utilization of non-conventional energy resources.

Ensuring participation of private sector.

Encouraging development of infrastructure at rural level.

Promoting agriculture based industries in order to make landless labour self- dependent and decreasing the dependency on agriculture.

Challenges Ahead

To ensure food and nutritional security to the state population and increase the productivity of agricultural crops under changing climatic conditions.

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To improve the quality of crop production and reduce the cost of production of agricultural produce, in context of the World Trade Agreement.

To ensure efficient management and conservation of natural resources.

To ensure clean and pollution free environment in order to maintain the ecological balance.

To make small holdings profitable in order to ensure the prosperity of small and marginal farmers.

To encourage participation of private sector in the agricultural sector, through investments and Public-Private Partnerships.

To promote agriculture based industries to increase the income and employment of the rural population to reduce the dependence on agriculture.

Proposed Interventions

11. To achieve the envisaged growth rate during the XII Five Year Plan and thereafter on sustainable basis. Major interventions proposed are as follows;

Regionally differentiated strategies will be pursued, taking into account the agronomic, agro-ecological, environmental and socio-economic conditions to realize the full growth potential of every region.

Ensure timely supply of quality inputs such as seed, planting material, fertilizers and other agrochemicals, agriculture machinery, credit, insurance etc. at reasonable rates on timely manner.

The government will Endeavour to reduce the cost of cultivation through enhancing input use efficiency and popularizing indigenous, cost effective and location specific technologies.

Development of animal husbandry, dairying, poultry, pisciculture, apiculture, horticulture, aquaculture, sericulture and mushroom cultivation will receive a major thrust in the efforts for diversifying agriculture, increasing animal protein availability in the food basket and for generating marketable surpluses.

The regionalization of agricultural research on all 20 new agro-ecological regions will be accorded high priority. Research and development on frontier science like biotechnology, gene engineering and energy saving technologies, remote sensing technologies, pre and post harvest technologies and technology for environmental protection will be encouraged.

Emphasis will be laid on development of marketing infrastructure and setting up of agro-processing units in the producing areas to minimize wastage, especially of perishable produce and create off-farm employment opportunities in rural areas.

Active support for the promotion of cooperative form of enterprises to ensure greater autonomy and operational freedom and improve their functioning will be the endeavor of the state government.

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Promotion of private investment in agriculture and adoption of public-private partnership (PPP) across agricultural supply chain for linking the farmers with the market in efficient and

effective manner.

Expected Outcomes

12. With the commencement of proposed Agriculture Policy 2013 , outcomes envisaged are;

Optimization of farm resources and improved environment.

Sustainable growth in agricultural production and productivity for assured food and nutritional security.

Formulation and time bound implementation of need based programmes.

Transparency in implementation of programmes.

Introduction of new agro-based enterprises.

Increased role of private sector in state agriculture development.

Improved net economic return and family income.

Performance Indicators

13. Progress and achievements of the policy will be assessed at regular intervals on the following major performance indicators;

Increased agricultural production and productivity on sustainable basis.

Increased factor productivity.

Improved or sustained status of natural resources.

Reduction in the level of nutrients deficiency in soil.

Increase in net and gross irrigated area.

Increased cropping intensity.

Establishment of new agro-industries and marketing centres in rural areas.

Increased family and per capita income.

Seed Production

14. It is an open secret that achieving maximum production there is a necessary input of quality seed. Generally 20% agriculture produce could be enhanced by using of quality seed. Keeping in mind the importance of quality seed, department of agriculture made a projection of ten years named as "Seed Mission Mode". Under this mission year wise seed production programme is given below-

(Unit qtl)

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Type 11-12level

12-13 Ach.

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17TargetTarget Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.

1 Breeder 14900 7030.14 8758 4630.66 9080 14447 11510 14946 115102 Foundation 23200 216799 116.80 93035 121.07 294318 220439 315871 2204393 Certified/

quality503400 4608288 615000 762007 657000 5496724 5441900 5587007 5441900

Integrated Pest Management-

15. In XIth Five Year Plan concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been adopted, practiced and disseminated in all cereals, oilseeds and pulse crops. At the same time, use of bio-pesticides and bio-agents had been promoted and use of banned or prohibited chemical pesticides discouraged. Fortunately, IPM modules for almost all the crops including vegetables and other horticulture crops are available either at U.P Council of Agriculture Research (UPKAR) or at GOI level. This knowledge is being disseminated through awareness campaigns and large-scale demonstrations of IPM modules in different crops through financial assistance under Centrally Sponsored Macro mode and ISOPOM Schemes. Large-scale demonstration is required in horticulture crops along with agriculture crops. Financial assistance can come from National Horticulture Mission.

Public Private Partnership in Agriculture-

16. Contribution of private agencies in agriculture has been increasing. Presently, inputs providing companies as well as those involved in marketing of agriculture produce are engaged in agriculture extension, soil testing and several other agriculture-oriented activities according to their business requirement.

Research Initiatives

17. Following priorities have been set forth in the field of Research during the forthcoming Annual Plan.

Priority has to be assigned for the development of high yielding varieties, which are specifically suited to the Agro-Eco-Situation of the area.

Favorable atmosphere will be created for the development of hybrids in the state. Availability of parent-lines has to be ensured for the same.

Farming system modules with specific thrust on cropping system for Rainfed areas have to be developed.

Market oriented development of technology has to be encouraged. Looking at the competitive international market, research works have to be reoriented towards production of qualitative agri-produce. For this organic farming modules need to be developed so that agriculture export could be given a boost.

Priority has to be given to reduction in post harvest losses.

Different Agriculture implements for different AES have to be developed.

Irrigation techniques have to be redesigned as per availability of water.

While selecting research issues or further investigation priority has to be given to the researchable problems identified in the SREPs of each district.

To avoid duplication in research works and make available the entire information regarding new technology at one place. U P Council of Agriculture Research (UPCAR) will document

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the research works being carried at different place/institution in the state and recommend lining agencies for further dissemination in the field.

Public-Private-Partnership for Inclusive Growth and Over – all Agriculture Development

18. First time after the era of Green Revolution, there is a severe threat to food, nutritional and environmental security due to degrading, degenerating and depleting natural resources, stagnating production, productivity, decreasing investment and slow pace of transfer of technology. State cannot afford to allow this situation to continue for a long time as things may go beyond control.

19. In view of the above scenario; huge investments; conservation, development & judicious use of natural resources; necessary infrastructural support; rapid pace of transfer of modern farm technology and skilled manpower to bridge the knowledge gap at grass-root level are some of the major steps required to be initiated immediately.

20. Although many new initiatives have already been taken by Central and State Govts.; but it has also been realized at every level that objectives of food, Nutritional & Environmental Security cannot be achieved by the efforts of Public Sector alone. Therefore, joint efforts of Public and Private Sector under PPP mode are the need of the hour. Accordingly sincere efforts are being made during 11 th F.Y.P. as per directives of Govt. of India.

21. Deptt. of Agriculture, U.P. has already started the process of involving Private Sector under PPP mode for the Agricultural development of the state. Efforts made so far are narrated below –

Identification of Activities / Potential Areas for Partnership

22. Although implementation of almost all the activities / programmes can be taken up under PPP mode except enforcement and quality control, however, following major areas have already been identified for promoting Public-Private-Partnership in agriculture sector.

Technology Dissemination

23. Training of farmers and extension functionaries, Demonstrations., Farmers’ study tours/exposure visits. Exhibitions/ Kishan Melas/ Kisan Gosthies. Field Days.Farm School/Farmers Field School. Production and dissemination of extension messages through Print and Electronic media. Awards to outstanding and successful framers. Preparation of Audio-Visual-Aids and success stories.

Sale of Inputs, Value Addition / Processing & Marketing Of Agri-Products

24. Sale of inputs, such as seeds, Fertilizers, Pesticides, Weedicides, Bio-agents, Machineries, Implements, Equipments, Feeds & Medicines etc, Processing of Agriculture/ Horticulture/ Livestock/ Fishery products, Marketing of Agriculture / Horticulture / Live stock /Fishery products.

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Infrastructure Support For Production, Processing And Marketing

25. Soil, Fertilizers, Pesticides, Water and Seed testing facilities. Training Centres. Demonstration Farms. Nurseries, Seed Production/Organic Farms. Bio-Control Labs. Agro-Processing Units. Godowns. Cold-Storages. Veterinary Hospitals. A.I. Centres. Custom, Hiring Units. Bio-fertilizers/Bio-pesticides Production Units. Seed Processing Units. Cattle Feed Units. Agri-information Kiosks. Establishment of Mega-agricultural markets.

Major Scheme/New Scheme

National Food Security Mission

26. The National Development Council (NDC) in its 53rd meeting held on 29th May, 2007 adopted a resolution to launch a Food Security Mission comprising Rice, Wheat and Pulses to increase the production of rice by 10 million tons, wheat by 8 million tons and pulses by 2 million tons by the end of the Eleventh Plan (2011-12), Accordingly, A Centrally Sponsored Scheme, National Food Security Mission has been launched from 2007-08 to operationalize the above mentioned resolution.

27. The National Food Security Mission will have three components;

Rice component - 28 Districts

Wheat component - 38 Districts

Pulses component - 75 Districts

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna

Objectives

28. The main objectives of the scheme are as follows:-

To ensure that the local crops/priorities/needs are reflected in the Agricultural Plans.

To reduce the yield gaps in the important crops through focused interventions.

To maximize returns to the farmers in Agriculture and allied sectors.

To bring quantifiable changes in the production and productivity of various components of Agriculture and allied sectors.

To encourage public investment in Agriculture and allied sectors.

National Mission on Agriculture Extension & Technology (NMAET) Uttar Pradesh(75)

29. The Govt. of India has decided to implement the scheme in a mission mode by including present schemes with a few new programmes under DAC. All these programmes (support to state extension programme for Extension reforms ,sub mission of Agriculture on Mechanization, Sub-Mission on seed & planting Material & strengthening and modernization of pest management approach ) are kept under one

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umbrella i.e. National Mission on Agriculture Extension & Technology (NMAET).Under this mission, there is a provision for the strengthening of farms for the production of quality seeds and to establish Quality control laboratory to test the quality of products especially bio pesticides produced by IPM laboratory. It is proposed that all ongoing CSSs (included in NMAET during 12 th plan) would be on the same cost sharing norms between central and state as per GOI has decided.

Objectives:-

To improve the life style and income of the farmers, by solving all the problems of the farming system of the project area.

To coordinate and strengthen the research and extension workers for the purpose of common interest.

Implementation of the scheme through all line departments, NGOs, Training institutions, Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs) etc.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

30. Sustainable agriculture productivity depends on quality and availability of natural resources like soil and water. Agriculture growth can be sustained by promoting conservation and sustainable use of these scarce natural resources through appropriate location specific measures. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated for enhancing agricultural productivity especially rainfed areas focusing on integrated farming, water use efficiency, soil health management and synergizing resource conservation.

31. NMSA architecture has been designed by converging, consolidating and subsuming all ongoing as well as newly proposed activities/programmes related to sustainable agriculture with a special emphasis on soil and water conservation, water use efficiency, soil health management and rainfed area development. The focus of NMSA will be infuse the judicious utilization of resources of commons through community based approach.

Mission Objectives

32. NMSA will have following objectives:-

To make agriculture more productive, sustainable, remunerative and climate resilient by promoting location specific Integrated/composite Farming Systems.

To conserve natural resources through appropriate soil and moisture conservation measures.

To adopt comprehensive soil health management practices based on soil fertility maps, soil test based application of macro and micro nutrients, judicious use of fertilizers etc.

To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water management to expand coverage for achieving “more crop per drop”.

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To develop capacity of farmers and stakeholders in conjunction with other ongoing missions.

To pilot models in select blocks for improving in productivity of rainfed farming by mainstreaming rainfed technologies.

To establish an effective inter and intra Departmental coordination.

Mission Strategy

33. To achieve these objectives, NMSA will have following multi pronged strategy:-

Promoting integrated farming system, covering crops, livestock and fishery, plantation and pasture based composite farming for enhancing livelihood opportunities.

Popularizing resource conservation technologies.

Promoting effective management of available water resources and enhancing water use efficiency.

Encouraging improved agronomic practices.

Creating database on soil resources through land use survey.

Promoting location and crop specific integrated nutrient management.

Strong technical monitoring and feedback systems on climate change mitigation.

Establishing platform to liaison, review and coordinate implementation.

Mission Interventions

34. NMSA has following four (4) major programme components:-

Rainfed area development – Rainfed area development will adopt in area based approach for development and conservation of natural resources along with farming systems. This component will introduced appropriate farming systems by integrating multiple components of agriculture such as crops, horticulture, livestock, fishery, forestry with agro based income generating activities and value addition.

A cluster based approach of 100 hectare or more will be adopted to derive noticeable impact of convergence and encourage local participation and for future replication of the model in larger areas.

On Farm Water Management – On Farm Water Management will focus primarily on enhancing water use efficiency by promoting efficient on-farm water management technologies and equipment. This will not only focus on application efficiency but, in conjunction with rainfed area development component, also will emphasize on effective harvesting management of rainwater.

Soil Health Management – Soil Health Management will aim at promoting location as well as crop specific sustainable soil health management.

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Climate Change and sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modeling and Networking – This component will provide creation and bidirectional (land/farmers to research/scientific establishments and vice versa) dissemination of climate change related information.

Area of Operation- NMSA will be operational in all the 75 districts of the state from the year 2014-15

Subsidy/Assistance Pattern:-

35. Following is the assistance pattern under different components of NMSA-

Support to each farm family under Rainfed Area Development will be restricted to a farm size of 2 Ha and financial assistance will be limited to Rs 1.00 Lakh over lifetime.

Support to each farm family under On Farm Water Management will be restricted to a farm size of 5 Ha.

Soil Health management Component will support various types of soil and land resources surveys, strengthening of soil and fertilizer testing facilities and quality control requirements of fertilizers, bio-fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Assistance for integrated nutrient management and reclamation of problem soil will also be available.

Climate change and sustainable agriculture: Monitoring, Modeling and networking will support climate change research/pilot/model projects.

36. Fund Flow Mechanism – GOI will communicate tentative annual outlay to the state. Accordingly state will prepare Annual Action Plan. Consequent to approval of annual action plan by GOI, funds will be released to the state nodal department.

37. Expected Outcome – NMSA is expected to transform state agriculture into more climate resilient production system. The Mission will ensure conservation and sustainable use of natural resources for food

and livelihood security.

Development of Organic Farming in Distt.- Hamirpur (Rs 10 cr during 2016-17)

Objectives- Production of agricultural products free from chemicals and pesticides residues by adopting ceo-friendly low cost technologies through adoption of organic vilolage by cluster approach and PGS certification.

Area of Operation:- District - Hamirpur

Assistance to Farmers in Scheme:- Under this scheme, a cluster having 50 acre area is to be formed and time period for each clusters is three years. Further the amount Rs. 706740/- for 1 st

year, Rs. 498670/- for 2nd year and Rs. 289590/- for 3rd year as a assistance is to be given to the farmers. Each farmer will be given the assistance to the limit of maximum benefit of one hectare, In this system farmers will be organized in a cluster for encouraging them to adopt

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organic farming 50 acres (20 ha.) will form a cluster and engage in conversion and adoption of organic farming. The Participatory Guarantee Scheme (PGS) of certification empower the farmers in the cluster to certify the process of production and have access to organic market.

Physical Target in this Year (2016-17):-Sl.No. Year Physical Progress

l. 2016-17 140 Cluster of 7000 Acre

Proposed work in this Scheme (2016-17 to 2018-19) :-Sl.No. Description of Work Physical Target (Acre)

In 2016-17l. Cluster based PGS-Certification, PGS-

Certification & Quality Control, cluster based Manure Management & biological Nitrogen harvesting, Integrated Manure Management and Packing, Labelling & branding of Organic Farming products.

7000

38. All details of Scheme related information will be maintained on PGS-India Portal & departmental Website. All Payment to farmers & Institutions will be made through RTGS/NEFT/DBT.

Governance Reforms

39. The department has made an all out effort to establish contact with all the stake holders, especially farmers and suppliers, with the use of modern communication techniques.

Kisan call centre: Toll free No. 1551 (facility provided by the GOI) is under operation. It has been publicized extensively amongst farmers. This call centre can be used for any kind of agricultural query and its solution.

Kisan call centre (UP): Another call centre has been setup by state. It has Toll free No. 0522-4926398. This call centre is now operational and wide publicity is being made through print and audio/visual media for creating awareness amongst the farmer community. Farmers can register their telephonic complaints regarding agricultural activities on this centre. These complaints are disposed off on regular basis.

Besides redressing complaints, another facility of giving technical information to farmer is also taken up twice a week between 2-4 p.m. on Tuesday and Thursday. Agriculture experts are available to answer questions of farmers on technical issues.

E-Governance: All the offices of agriculture department are being computerized and connected on-line through VPN Line and Broad Band. A departmental website www.upagriculture.org has been developed to provide all information related to schemes/programme and departmental activities. Soil Health card, Fertilizer Rake Movement Plan, Input Management System & MIS are been displayed in the website. Process of E-tendering/e-procurement is now operational.

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R.T.I. Act: As a follow up action of R.T.I Act Public Information Officers have been identified and designated in all the offices of Agriculture Department, who are actively engaged in providing necessary information as per demand of the applicant.

Sensitive Administration: The Public grievances reach to department as suggestion or complaints. They are taken care of immediately by active complaint cell. Besides, this to address the graveness of women, a women grievance cell has also been established and it works as per the assigned motto.

Transparency in programme/ Scheme Implementation: The subsidies and other benefits to farmers under the various schemes/ project, they are all well published through mass media and departmental website and Site Implementation Committees.

Online budget feeding.

Online monitoring of all the schemes of the department by connecting all the offices of department through computer network to bring transparency in the work of department and making computer technology useful and within reach of farmers and general public.

Agriculture Policy 2013 uploaded on Departmental Website for public/farmers.

KCC distributed 100%.

D.B.T. |To ensure transparency in various schemes implemented by central and state govt. D.B.T started during year(2015-16) and all subsidies transferred to beneficiaries’ through R.T.G.S.

Physical Target of Annual Plan 2016-17

Growth Rate The overall growth rate during 12th Five Year Plan is targeted @ 5.1% per annum.

40. Seed Distribution The trends of seed distribution target of Annual plan 2016-17 are shown below:- Name of Crop

2011-12Base Year

2012-13Ach.

2013-14Target

2013-14Ach.

2014-15Target

2014-15Ach.

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti.

Achiev

2016-17Target

1. Paddy 618.00 819.79 613.00 634.29 840.00 827.57 864.00 792.40 887.152. Maize 64.30 66.51 77.60 56.87 65.70 65.38 66.00 71.96 75.553. Bajra 25.43 20.10 30.99 19.84 24.20 17.38 26.00 25.30 26.014. Jowar 9.35 9.67 13.64 9.87 11.30 9.26 12.00 12.80 14.605. Urd 26.58 31.33 37.84 32.69 35.56 31.55 33.61 21.79 40.606. Moong 5.19 5.29 7.11 5.69 6.30 5.73 5.70 7.34 6.807. Arhar 16.52 16.36 29.32 13.55 15.84 13.10 21.50 11.34 25.548. Groundnut 15.57 16.42 34.50 17.31 30.36 23.63 19.30 14.09 20.209. Til 1.78 1.49 2.19 2.96 3.56 3.81 7.05 3.40 3.6010. Soyabean 6.89 7.29 2.26 5.43 5.00 5.12 5.00 2.96 4.00Kharif 791.3 995.78 850.29 799.92 1039.47 1003.78 1060.16 963.38 1100.0011. Wheat 3890.00 3936.00 4011.38 3941.00 3980.00 3900.44 3990.00 3481.00 3990.0012. Barley 30.30 40.11 39.45 41.60 46.60 38.81 50.00 36.70 48.00

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13. Gram 102.32 124.94 126.21 202.75 208.90 158.18 170.00 136.74 175.0014. Pea 101.70 102.26 113.93 123.00 135.30 141.06 139.40 123.61 135.0015 Lentil 42.38 62.09 86.10 84.75 93.23 79.36 66.50 29.17 70.0016. Rai/Sarson 21.61 18.67 22.02 21.95 22.28 22.18 22.61 20.58 23.5017. Toria 12.06 10.25 12.24 12.33 12.33 10.52 12.40 10.58 10.3518. Linseed 1.71 1.36 1.91 3.14 3.23 1.84 3.32 0.59 3.00Rabi 4202.08 4295.68 4413.24 4430.52 4501.87 4352.92 4454.23 3838.97 4450.00Annual 4993.39 5291.46 5263.00 5230.44 5541.34 5356.70 5514.39 4802.35 5550.00

Seed Distribution (000 Qtls)

41. It is proposed to enhance Seed Replacement Rate up to 42.07 % by the end of terminal year 2016-17. Targets of Annual plan 2016-17 of SRR for each crop are shown below:-

Seed Replacement Rate (%)

Name of Crop

2011-12Base Year

2012-13Ach.

2013-14Target

2013-14Ach.

2014-15Target

2014-15Ach.

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti.

Achiev

2016-17Target

1. Paddy 33.57 33.74 30.00 34.53 35.00 40.61 37.00 38.76 43.002. Maize 42.53 44.64 7.00 42.19 45 45.00 12.00 69.00 15.003. Bajra 70.18 55.77 12.00 55.04 12.00 45.00 17.00 100.00 20.004. Jowar 40.59 43.79 12.00 42.83 35.00 - 17.00 80.00 20.005. Urd 28.11 33.69 40.00 34.77 35.00 31.06 43.50 21.45 40.006. Moong 68.32 69.55 44.50 74.84 75.00 67.44 48.00 85.00 80.00

7. Arhar 25.82 25.56 35.00 29.17 42.00 27.30 45.00 23.63 45.00

8. Groundnut 16.56 17.84 17.00 18.41 19.00 23.35 22.50 13.92 33.00

9. Til 12.45 10.83 26.00 28.46 39.00 37.65 31.00 24.71 33.00

10. Soyabean 58.89 62.36 48.50 61.59 85.00 45.79 53.00 26.47 55.00

Kharif 27.26 39.92 40.00 40.79 33.88 38.85 42.0011. Wheat 39.98 40.44 42.00 40.49 40.90 39.40 44.00 35.16 45.00

12. Barley 23.86 31.58 19.00 25.04 28.00 22.18 23.00 20.98 25.00

13. Gram 21.75 27.07 27.00 33.03 34.00 32.42 30.00 28.02 33.00

14. Pea 31.29 33.31 33.00 30.60 33.00 33.59 36.00 29.43 38.00

15 Lentil 14.79 25.09 27.00 30.20 33.00 29.95 31.50 11.01 33.00

16. Rai/Sarson 67.64 56.40 65.00 66.55 67.00 85.34 72.00 79.16 75.00

17. Toria 77.33 65.66 88.50 79.43 79.00 53.99 89.50 51.54 90.00

18. Linseed 25.54 17.60 20.50 33.14 34.00 21.00 23.50 6.74 25.00

Rabi 39.72 39.34 40.00 38.51 42.22 33.96 45.52

Annual 37.05 39.45 40.00 38.92 40.63 34.83 42.07

Fertilizer

42. Fertilizers are one of the most important components, which provide plant nutrition for growth and production. To achieve the maximum growth and production the fertilizers should be used in recommended proportion. The ideal proportion for NPK is 4:2:1. and all out effort has been made to train

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the farmers regarding balance use of fertilizer. During the year 2008-09, the NPK ratio 11.28:3.59:1.00 have been achieved. Still we have to go a long way to achieve the standard ratio. Targets of fertilizers distribution in Annual Plan 2015-16 are focused to achieve the desired ratio in the following manner.

In the form of Element

43. The distribution of fertilizers in the form of nutrients is indicated in the table below:- (Lakh M.T.)

In the form of Fertilizer

44. The plan of nutrients are shown as N,P, and K, but its application to the soil is done as Urea, DAP, Potash and NPK complex. The distribution of these fertilizers will be ensured during Annual plan 2016-17 as indicated in the table below:-

(Lakh M.T.)

Year Urea DAP MOP NPK Total

1 2011-12 Base Year 58.44 13.75 1.84 12.03 86.06

2 2012-13Actual Achiev 53.72 15.02 2.01 6.65 77.40

3 2013-14 Target 64.50 21.50 4.50 13.05 103.55

4 2013-14Actual A chiev 52.92 15.50 1.34 4.99 74.75

5 2014-15 Target 67.50 22.50 4.75 13.60 108.35

6 2014-15Actual. Achiev 58.00 12.87 1.25 5.75 77.87

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Year N P K Total

1 level at the end at XIth plan 30.80 10.17 3.02 43.99

2 2012-13 Actual Achiev 29.92 9.50 1.64 41.06

3 2013-14 Target 33.89 12.10 2.96 48.95

4 2013-14 Actual Achiev 28.86 6.67 1.01 36.54

5 2014-15 Target 33.11 11.85 2.49 47.45

6 2014-15 Actul Achiev 29.69 7.76 1.67 39.12

7 2015-16 Target 33.05 12.33 2.88 48.26

8 2015-16 Anti. Achiev 27.55 9.77 1.98 39.30

9 2016-17 Target 32.98 12.72 4.16 49.86

7 2015-16 Target 61.47 19.50 2.00 10.50 93.47

8 2015-16 Anti. Achiev 51.64 17.58 1.90 5.27 76.39

9 2016-17 Target 61.00 20.00 4.00 11.00 96.00

Balancing Fertilizer Use

45. The Year wise targets of Annual plan 2015-16 for using fertilizers in balanced form are shown below:-

Sl. No. Year N P K

1 2011-12 Base Year 10.19 3.37 1.00

2 2012-13 Actual Achiev 18.30 5.81 1.00

3 2013-14 Target 11.45 4.09 1.00

4 2013-14 Actual. Achiev 28.59 6.61 1.00

5 2014-15 Target 13.30 4.76 1.00

6 2014-15 Actual. Achiev 17.78 4.65 1.00

7 2015-16 Target 13.91 3.92 1.00

8 2015-16 Anti. Achiev 13.89 4.93 1.00

9 2016-17 Target 7.93 3.06 1.00

Bio- Fertilizer

46. Plant nutrients are also supplied through bio fertilizer. These fertilizers do not have any negative impact on the soil structure/properties. Therefore, use of bio fertilizer is now being appreciated. The targets of Annual plan 2016-17 of bio fertilizer is shown below:-

Plant Protection47. Plant protection chemical are considered as a major input for cultivation. Various types of chemical pesticides are used to control insect-pest , diseases & weeds in different crops. Insecticides are used for

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Sl. No. Year Lakh Packet1 2011-12 Base Year 302 2012- 13 Actual Achiev 52.623 2013-14 Target 604 2013-14 Anti. Achiev 54.775 2014-15 Target 1236 2014-15 Actual Achiev 61.857 2015-16 Target 60.008 2015-16 Anti. Achiev 42.929 2016-17 Target 60.00

insects, Weedicides are used for weed, fungicides are used for fungus, rodenticides are used for rodents and other chemicals are used for different purpose to control pest & diseases for the protection of crops. Use of pesticides in a huge quantity making adverse impact on quality of crop produce and soil health along with water.

48. Bio-pesticide and IPM technique is being popularized from several past years in place of chemical pesticides. Target of Annual plan 2016-17 are as follows:-

(M.T./K.L)Particulars 2011-12

base year2012-13

Actual Achiev.

2013-14Target

2013-14Actual Achiev.

2014-15 Target

2014-15Actual Achiev.

2015-16 Target

2015-16Anti.

Achiev.

2016-17 Target

1. Insecticides/Dust/Granules

8172.00 10328.00 8170.00 9265.00 8220.00 9159.00 8170.00 8181.00 8170.00

2. Insecticides Liquid

838.00 1777.00 830.00 1737.00 900.00 1603.00 830.00 1309.00 830.00

3. Fungicides 1389.00 2150.00 1390.00 2338.00 1420.00 2026.00 1390.00 1844.00 1390.004. Weedicides 2372.00 4762.00 2370.00 4836.00 2540.00 4279.00 2370.00 3953.00 2370.005. Rodenticides/

Fumigants168.00 144.00 150.00 142.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 140.00 150.00

Bio-Pesticide

49. Since the bio pesticides don’t have any chemicals in the compositions therefore they are not hazardous to human life. The use of bio pesticides has to be encouraged to save the biotic life within the soil Target

of Annual plan 2016-17 of bio pesticides are as under:-

Integrated Pest Management

50. Pest and insects are one of the major causes of loss in production. Normally pesticides are use to control the attack of pest and insects, but the use of pesticides causes harmful impact to human life. Therefore, integrated pest management is only solution to safeguard the human life and environment. The targets and achievements for IPM are given below:-

(Unit in 000)Name Unit 2011

-12 2012-13

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17Target

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Year (Unit in M.T./Kl.)1 2011-12 Base Year 30262 2012-13 Actual Achiev. 26303 2013-14 Target 36704 2013-14 Actual Achiev. 31515 2014-15 Target 39006 2014-15 Actual. Achiev. 34807 2015-16 Target 44508 2015-16 Anti. Achiev. 39509 2016-17 Target 4900

base year

Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Anti. Ach.

1 Tricoderma Kg. 135 129.54 225.00 200.00 480.00 494.376 214.00 479.811 225.00

2 Bueberia/ basiyana Kg. 60 48.55 112.50 100.00 240.00 44.112 103.00 60.390 72.00

3 Pseudonymous Flourescence Kg. 31 20.63 18.75 25.00 40.00 19.550 57.00 13.650 4.50

4 Metaraizium Kg. 11 5.76 11.25 8.00 24.00 6.77 21.00 6.670 4.50

5 Verticilium Lacani Kg. 11 7.50 5.00 16.00 0.06 20.00 2.285 4.50

6 Trichocard Card No. 57 4.65 80.00 10.00 150.00 2961 89500.00 2906 45000

7 NPV Le. 500 12.10 650.00 350.00 950.00 23800 820.00 8000 180000

Credit

51. Composition of the farmers of the State shows that there are 90% farmers are hailing from marginal and small category. Most of the farmers are just above the poverty line or below the poverty line. It means large section of farmers are economically marginal and their purchasing power is so poor. Now days, cultivation are means based and it is not possible to manage every inputs of agriculture without loan. Non-institutional credit (Mahajan Pratha etc.) credit always pain full and throw the loan taker into debt trap. In the XIth Five Year Plan it is proposed to double the credit facility to the farmers.

Crop loan distribution (Rs in Crore) Sl. No Year Crop Loan

( Rs.in crore)KCC

(No. in lakh)1 2011-12 Base Year 24018.00 15.882 2012-13 Actual Achiev. 36272.01 43.533 2013-14 Target 58928.85 35.144 2013-14 Actual. Achiev. 42759.33 36.695 2014-15 Target 71544.72 41.216 2014-15Actual. Achiev 52232.67 41.327 2015-16 Target 84021.09 32.008 2015-16 Anti. Achiev 66478.89 34.189 2016-17 Target 93212.60 35.00

Soil Testing

52. Keeping in view of soil health soil testing is very important segment. U.P. is a vast State and small size of land holding is a challenging task to cover the every farm for soil testing. Soil testing also minimizes the cost of cultivation in the way of use of balanced fertilizers. Strengthening of infrastructure for soil testing

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is going on from Xth F.Y.P. and there is a Soil testing Lab on every district Head Quarter in the XI th .

F.Y.P. During Annual plan 2016-17 following programmed is proposed.

Year Units Soil testing Target1 2012-13Actual. Achiev. In lakh 33.722 2013-14 Target In lakh 40.203 2013-14Actual. Achiev In lakh 34.994 2014-15 Target In lakh 40.205 2014-15Actual. Achiev In lakh 32.486 2015-16 Target In lakh 42.367 2015-16 Anti. Achiev. In lakh 19.998 2016-17 Target In lakh 33.12

Agriculture– Implements

53. The implements used for agricultural operation help in reducing the time and enhance the efficiency of operations. Several activities have to be performed in the process of crop production, which requires more power, time and skill. The modern Agriculture Implements are the need of hour. Some new implements like Rotavater etc can perform multiple activities at the same time. To encourage the use of such

implements massive targets of implements distribution is proposed in Annual plan 2016-17. The detail of the targets is indicated in the table below:

S.N Items 2011-12base year

2012-13Achiev.

2013-14Target

2013-14Achiev

2014-15Target

2014-15Achiev

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti.

Achiev

2016-17 Target

A. MANUALLY DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS1 Hand Winnowing Fan 1512 2000 2100 0 2205 0 2315 0 36942 Chaff Cutter 1884 2000 2100 0 2205 0 2315 0 3694

3 Paddy Thresher 0 2000 2100 32 2205 0 2315 528 70

4 Drum Seeder 0 2000 2100 161 2205 53 2315 42 26485 Paddy Transplanter 0 820 861 3324 904 0 949 98 86 Cono weeder 0 0 3324 0 0 0 0 78 4415B. ANIMAL DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS1 Disc Harrow BD 436 3000 3150 0 3308 0 3473 - -

2 Cultivator BD 1202 3000 3150 0 3308 0 3473 - -C. POWER DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS1 Disc Harrow (T.D.) 1258 2000 2100 0 2205 0 2315 - -

2 Zero-Till-Seed-drill 480 2000 2100 142 2205 6 2315 28 215

3 Seed cum fertidril 4052 5000 5250 0 5513 97 5788 1940 2097

4 Disc plough/ M.B.plough/Harrow TD 1166 2000 2100 0 2205 0 2315 - -

5 Cultivator (T.D) 1379 2000 2100 0 2205 0 2315 - -

6 Potato Planter (T.D) 143 1000 1050 0 1103 0 1158 - 125

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S.N Items 2011-12base year

2012-13Achiev.

2013-14Target

2013-14Achiev

2014-15Target

2014-15Achiev

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti.

Achiev

2016-17 Target

7 Potato Digger (T.D) 0 1000 1050 0 1103 0 1158 - -

8 Rotavator (T.D) 6347 8000 8400 17918 8820 2229 9261 19842 8960

9 Pump Set (7-5B.H.P) 29792 30000 31500 32947 33075 8089 34729 17292 15854

10 Power Thresher 1449 2000 2100 0 2205 53 2315 1324 935

11 Power weeder 0 3500 3675 9 3859 0 3473 05 25

12 Multi Crop Planter 6 1000 1050 17 1103 1 1158 4 48413 Ridge Maker 44 1000 1050 0 1103 0 1158 - -

14 Happy Sheeder/Roto Seeder 0 1000 1050 0 1103 0 1158 - 180

15 Power Tiller 40 1640 1722 0 1808 0 1899 01 70

16 Lazer Levler 0 72 76 661 79 125 83 612 659

17 Ridge Furrow Planter 0 500 525 21 551 1 579 04 75

18 Pedistraw Ripper 0 500 525 0 551 0 579 - 31

19 Nepsafe Sprayer /manual 174565 175000 183750 82276 192938 131 202584 31459 7784

20 Fertilizer Bradcaster 418 500 525 0 551 0 579 - -

21 Sugercan Cutter/Planter 0 500 525 0 551 0 579 - -

22 Reepar Combineder 0 820 861 0 904 0 949 - -

23 Ground Nut Digger 0 820 861 0 904 0 949 - 60

24 Strip Til Drill 0 820 861 0 904 0 949 - 91

25 Reepar Cleaner Cum-Grader Drier 0 820 861 0 904 0 949 - -

26 Stable Shver Movile Fruit Harvestor 0 820 861 0 904 0 949 - -

27 Raised Bed Planter 12 820 861 0 904 2 949 - 14

28 Chisler 0 0 0 0 80 2 0 100 84

29 Vegetable Trans Planter 0 820 861 0 904 0 0 - -

30 Plan Protaction Equipment 27668 30000 31500 0 33075 10 0 730 -

31 Sprinkalar Set 5826 6000 6300 630 6615 312 10 1940 486532 Seed Drill 0 0 0 3851 0 636 312 3658 129533 Water Carrying Pipe 0 0 0 9968 0 0 636 4158 1262634 Mobile Rain gun 0 0 0 24 0 29870 0 04 16035 G.I. Bhakhri 0 0 0 1225 0 0 29870 48701 3137836 Mini Combine Harvestor 0 0 0 9 0 2707 0 - -37 Manually Operated 0 0 0 1873 0 542 2707 - -38 Power Operated sprayer 0 0 0 1499 0 0 542 7006 6369D. Tractor(40H.P) 1491 1640 1722 0 1808 1944 - -  G. TOTAL 261170 298412 316657 156587 329082 44913 336368 141787 108974

Agriculture Extension

54. The technical knowledge dissemination is a difficult task but most important also. Agriculture Universities and other agencies are involved in the development of new techniques for the benefit of farmers and improvement in crop production. The knowledge of such techniques has to be passed on to the

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farmers who are the ultimate user. Through agriculture extension, this information is being carried up to the grass root level. Some of the components of agricultural extension are discussed below.

Item Unit 2011-12 base year

2012-13Actual Achiev

2013-14Actual Achiev

2014-15Target

2014-15Actual Achiev

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti. Achiev

2016-17Target

Exposure Visit No.(Mandays) 43423 82956 88980 50902 37900 134644 56968 93594Training No.(Mandays) 72327 88072 76550 108193 86752 169947 101829 169945Demonstration No. 43382 64891 36945 8210 24795 22988 19917 22988Field Day No. 1772 1637 1665 1682 1490 1642 1292 1642Kisan Mela No. 160 144 140 150 141 75 88 75Capacity Building

No. 3085 1461 1527 4105 1480 4105 1677 4105

Farm School No. 3810 3651 3010 2463 1641 3284 2926 3284

Production and Productivity

55. The envisaged growth rate during 12th Plan Period is 5.1%, which will be reflected in terms of increase food grain production and productivity. Crop wise targets of food grain production is estimated as under-

Production (in Lakh M/T)

SeasonCrops 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2013-14 2014-15 2014-15 2015-16 2015-16 2016-17

Base year Ach. Target Acth. Target Ach. Target Anti.

Achiev Target

Kharif Rice 138.55 143.54 153.62 145.66 161.45 132.42 169.98 124.34 178.34  Jwar 2.18 2.48 2.29 1.73 2.41 1.63 2.53 1.05 2.66  Bajra 16.52 17.58 16.33 18.68 17.16 18.08 18.04 17.76 18.96  Maize 12.02 12.9 14.62 12.78 14.38 11.43 16.16 11.19 16.98  Small Millet 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.05 0.08 0.04 0.08  Kharif Cereals 169.35 176.58 186.93 178.91 195.48 163.61 206.49 154.38 217.02  Urd 3.49 3.47 4.44 2.22 4.81 2.78 5.22 1.66 5.66  Moong 0.17 0.2 0.8 0.12 0.87 0.12 0.95 0.1 1.03  Kharif Pulses 3.66 3.67 5.24 2.34 5.68 2.9 6.17 1.76 6.69

  Kharif Food Grains 173.01 180.25 192.17 181.25 210.16 166.51 212.66 156.14 223.71

  Til (Pure) 0.7 0.64 0.88 0.43 0.95 0.64 1.04 1.66 1.12

  Til (Mixed) 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.07 0.12 0.06      

  Total Til 0.79 0.72 0.99 0.5 1.07 0.7 1.04 1.66 1.12  Ground Nut 0.94 0.94 1.08 0.86 1.17 0.84 1.27 0.65 1.38  Soyabean 0.22 0.19 0.27 0.15 0.29 0.38 0.31 0.06 0.34  sunflower 0.05 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.12 0.05 0.13  Kharif Oilseed 1.86 1.87 2.33 1.53 2.52 1.96 2.74 2.42 2.97Rabi Wheat 321.5 313.32 349.05 314.93 366.85 200.55 385.66 283.65 405.23  Barley 4.42 4.46 4.13 4.5 4.34 2.88 4.56 3.58 4.79  Maize 0.15 0.23 0.17 0.48 0.17 0.25 0.18 0.34 0.19  Rabi Cereal 326.07 318.01 353.35 319.91 371.36 203.68 390.4 287.57 410.21  Gram 7.1 6.76 6.31 2.66 6.85 1.77 7.43 3.7 8.05  Pea 4.46 4.59 4.7 3.54 5.1 3.14 5.53 3.93 6

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SeasonCrops 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2013-14 2014-15 2014-15 2015-16 2015-16 2016-17

Base year Ach. Target Acth. Target Ach. Target Anti.

Achiev Target

  Lentil 4.77 4.41 5.66 3.1 6.14 2.35 6.65 2.64 7.22  Pigeon pea 3.31 3.25 3.37 2.71 3.66 1.74 3.97 2.38 4.3  Rabi Pulses 19.64 19.01 20.04 12.01 21.75 9 23.58 12.65 25.57

  Rabi Food Grains 345.11 337.02 373.39 331.92 393.11 212.68 413.98 300.22 435.78

  R/Mustard (Pure) 6.85 8.36 8.58 6.72 9.31 4.86 10.09 6.78 10.94

  R/Mustard (Mixed) 4.12 2.64 5.26 1.7 5.71 1.52      

  Total 10.97 11 13.84 8.42 15.02 6.38 10.09 6.78 10.94  Linseed (Pure) 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.1 0.18 0.15 0.2 0.06 0.21  Linseed (Mixed) 0.42 0.35 0.46 0.4 49 0.39        Total 0.55 0.48 0.63 0.5 0.67 0.54   0.06 0.21  Rabi Oilseed 11.52 11.48 8.75 8.92 9.49 6.92 10.29 6.84 11.15Grand Total Cereals 496.6 495.78 540.28 500.01 566.84 369.15 596.89 441.95 627.23

  Pulses 23.97 23.32 25.28 14.99 27.43 12.48 29.75 14.99 32.26  Food Grains 520.57 519.1 565.66 515 594.27 381.86 626.64 458.81 659.49  Oilseed (Pure) 8.89 10.28 11.08 10.45 12.09 6.91 13.03 9.25 14.12  Oilseed (Mixed) 4.63 3.07 5.71 5.38 6.23 1.97        Total Oilseed 13.52 13.35 16.79 15.83 18.32 8.87 13.03 9.25 14.12

Crop-wise Productivity

56. The productivity of various crops has to be raised in order to achieve the targets of food grain production. Considering the growth rate of 5.1% the target for the productivity of various crops should be enhanced to the level as shown in the table below:-

(Qtls/ha)

Season Crops2011-12Base year

2012-13 Ach.

2013-14Target

2013-14 Ach

2014-15Target

2014-15Ach.

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti. Achiev

2016-17Target

Kharif Rice 23.57 24.59 25.72 24.46 27.03 22.67 28.41 21.30 29.86

Jowar 11.63 13.48 11.39 10.51 11.97 9.91 12.58 6.77 13.22

Bajra 18.08 19.52 18.39 20.33 19.33 19.00 20.32 18.21 21.35

Maize 16.76 18.47 18.24 18.37 19.17 17.78 20.15 18.49 21.18

Small Millets 9.19 9.78 7.93 8.01 8.34 7.57 8.76 4.39 9.21

Kharif Cereals 20.93 23.15 24.33 23.11 24.97 21.50 25.95 20.37 27.59

Urd 6.71 6.63 7.81 4.46 8.47 5.36 9.19 2.91 9.96

Moong 4.29 5.07 9.35 3.21 10.14 3.20 10.99 2.17 11.92

Kharif Pulses 6.54 6.52 6.85 4.37 8.53 5.21 7.22 2.86 10.04

Kharif Food Grains 20.93 22.02 23.14 21.90 24.32 20.39 24.45 19.05 26.44

Til (Pure) 2.23 1.87 2.55 1.47 2.77 1.97 3.00 3.02 3.26

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Season Crops2011-12Base year

2012-13 Ach.

2013-14Target

2013-14 Ach

2014-15Target

2014-15Ach.

2015-16Target

2015-16Anti. Achiev

2016-17Target

Ground Nut 9.91 9.93 11.77 8.93 12.77 8.64 13.85 6.75 15.02

Soyabean 12.52 14.14 14.72 5.76 15.97 7.17 17.23 1.75 18.78

sunflower 17.10 7.81 24.99 7.81 27.10 17.11 29.39 17.11 31.88

Kharif Oilseed 4.37 3.92 3.47 3.93 6.08 3.49 6.25

Rabi Wheat 32.83 32.19 35.84 32.01 37.67 20.37 39.59 30.00 41.61

Barley 26.56 26.47 25.32 28.80 26.61 16.90 27.97 24.50 29.39

Rabi Cereal 32.72 32.09 31.96 37.49 23.93 29.92 41.41

Gram 11.83 11.20 10.87 4.60 11.79 3.13 12.78 10.50 13.86

Pea 14.31 14.94 14.38 9.92 15.60 7.55 16.92 14.62 18.35

Lentil 8.94 8.90 9.40 6.91 10.19 5.37 11.05 8.25 11.99

Pigeon pea 1.32 10.42 10.54 9.03 11.43 6.07 12.39 8.98 13.44

Rabi Pulses 11.11 11.07 7.13 5.30 3.97

R/ Mustard (Pure) 11.34 12.62 13.41 1.14 14.54 7.77 15.77 11.25 17.10

Linseed (Pure) 4.33 4.50 5.25 4.05 5.69 5.79 6.17 4.25 6.69

Rabi oilseed 11.01 12.27 9.91 16.60

GrandTotal Cereals 28.01 28.18 30.38 28.08 31.93 20.82 33.56 25.66 35.27

Pulses 9.92 9.85 10.18 6.50 11.04 5.36 11.97 7.82 12.99

Food Grains 25.84 26.01 27.91 25.61 29.37 19.01 30.91 23.89 32.54

Oilseed (Pure) 8.36 8.97 9.79 7.49 10.62 6.13 11.52 7.12 12.49

Soil and Water Conservation

Natural Resource Management

57. Land is a basic natural resource on which development of human with other living beings along with water and plants are going on from the beginning of the living beings. Inadequate management of natural resource affected bio diversity, agriculture productivity and ecological balance. It is necessary to implement on priority basis. Soil and Water Conservation programmes in problematic areas, to ensure planned development and needed food grains, fodder and bio fuel. Schemes implemented also provide local employment to the agriculture laborers, small and marginal farmers.

Present Status of Land Resource

58. The major river of the state is Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra and Sone. Problematic area of watershed is situated among these rivers.

Total Reported Area (Lakh ha.) 242.70

Total Problematic Area (Lakh ha.) 120.44

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Classification of Present Problematic Area (Lakh ha.)Type of Problem Total

AreaTreated Area

(Up to March, 16)Balance Area as on

April 2016(Tentative)

Degraded and Problematic landA Agriculture Land 60.66 57.27 3.39B Non Agriculture Land 12.87 8.20 4.67

Total 73.53 65.47 8.06Special Problematic LandA Ravine Land 12.30 11.45 0.85B Usar and Alkaline Land 11.51 6.52 4.99C Diara and Khadar Land 15.00 2.34 12.66D Water Logged Land 8.10 3.64 4.46

Total 46.91 23.95 22.96Grand Total 120.44 89.42 31.02

Aims of the Soil and Water Conservation Programme

Treatment through engineering and botanic method in Rain fed watershed areas to conserve moisture and water harvesting. Cropping intensity and productivity enhancement is the major issue of these areas.

To check the flood through appropriate measures of soil and water conservation techniques to cope up the problem of land degradation, silting and minimization of moisture.

Plan development and treatment of USAR, ravine and water logged area.

Implementation of schemes for social up-liftmant of small, marginal and SC/ST in watershed areas.

Implementation of schemes for employment generation for landless agriculture laborers and small and marginal farmers for their socio economic up-liftment.

Ground water up-liftment through ground water recharging.

To maintain the ecological balance through the soil and water conservation programme.

Renovation of rural ponds through different schemes for aquaculture and fisheries. It is also helpful ground water level up-liftment.

Micro Irrigation System

59. Keeping in mind the importance of water and its judicious use, a very effective scheme is going on in Bundelkhand and Vindhyan region of the state. Efficient and economic use of surface and sub surface water by demonstration of various method of irrigation system is being made possible through sprinkler irrigation system are being made popular through scheme, namely; Enhancement of Water Use Efficiency in Bundelkhand and Vindhyan region.

Rain Water Harvesting

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60. U.P. has diverse agro climatic zones which almost different from another. For example, eastern plain is being presumed as water logged area whereas Bundelkhand is well known for their drought prone climatic property. A concept of rainwater harvesting is to conserve and collect the rainwater of rainy season in a water body for their multipurpose use i.e. for live stock, human needs and farm sector. A scheme has been launched for Bundelkhand region to minimize the adversity of drought in this region. Through this scheme dripped and sprinkler irrigation system also provided to the farmers at this subsidized rate. Judicious use of rainwater demonstration is being made as a component of this scheme for the purpose of its popularization amongst the farming community.

Agriculture Research and Education

61. Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research is established to coordinate research, education and extension activities of the state Agricultural Universities (SAUs), Government Departments and other institutions engaged in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, animal sciences, fisheries, sericulture, environment, natural resource management and allied disciplines.

62. The work of agriculture education and research is being carried out by four state agricultural universities namely, 1. Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 2. Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad and 3. Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 4. Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda and one deemed agriculture university Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad with their multiple campuses and regional research stations. Besides SAUs, two central universities and 37 agricultural colleges affiliated to general universities are also imparting agricultural education and pursuing research and extension in some form. The agricultural research, extension and technology generation system is further augmented by 14 ICAR and 5 CSIR institutions.

63. The Achievements of Plan Period 2015-16

Under Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, College of Fisheries and College of Dairy Technology are being completed. Construction work of College of Engineering and establishment of new campus at Lakhimpur Kheri is under progress.

In Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda, construction of College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, College of Horticulture, College of Forestry, College of Home Science, College of Technology, Administrative Building, Hostel are under progress.

Under Narendra Dev University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad constructions of Boundary wall, Internal roads and High Mast Tower, establishment of sewage treatment plant and Agriculture Research Lab and Campus of agriculture university at Azamgarh are in progress.

Under Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, construction work related to College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, College of

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Technology, Poultry Research Centre, College of Post-Harvest Technology and Residential buildings are in progress.

Agricultural Research64. The C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur has carried out research under 23 All India Coordinated Research Projects and made significant contribution by way of developing new high-yielding varieties besides developing their agro-technology. During 2015-2016, 03 new varieties developed i.e. Barley variety- KB-1222, Linseed seed variety - LCK-1108 and LCK-1101. The University has produced 2755 (Q) breeder and 4316 (Q) foundation seeds during 2015-16.

65. The N.D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad carried out research under 26 AICRP sponsored by ICAR and developed technologies which made significant contribution in raising the production of different crops in the region. During 2015-2016, new varieties i.e. NW-5087 of wheat, NDB-1571 of Barley, NDG-11-12, NDG-11-24 and NDGK-11-32 of Gram, NDP-12-102 of Pea, NDRS-2007-2 of Mustard and Narendra Methi-2 of Fenugreek was developed. The university has produced 559.31(q) of Breeder, 1025.15(q) of Foundation and 56.22 (q) of Certified seeds of different crops.

66. The S.V.B.P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut is operating research activities on various aspects of crop, animals and diversified agriculture through Directorate of Research and the different existing research centers viz., Crop research center (CRC), Livestock Research center (LRC), Horticulture research Center (HRC), Fisheries Production Center (FPC) and three zonal research Station located in district Bijnore, Badaun and Bulandshahar. At university headquarter, Seed Production and Processing Unit is also in operation. During 2015-16, 35 externally funded projects has carried out on different aspects to cater the needs according to the location specific demands.

67. The Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology, Allahabad has initiated research in Integrated Pest Management, Farm Machinery, Sodic Land Reclamation and Dairy Technology. During 2015-16, university has developed 04 new varieties of Paddy i,e. SHIATS Dhan-2, SHIATS Dhan-3, SHIATS Dhan-4, SHIATS Dhan-5 and 04 new varieties of Wheat i.e. AAI-W-4, AAI-W-7, AAI-W-8 and AAI-W-9. At present, 27 externally funded projects are operating in the university on different aspects.

68. The U.P. Council of Agricultural Research, Lucknow carried out multifarious activities. During 2015-16 following important work taken up by the Council :

During 2015-16, 02 Trainings and 03 Brain Storming Sessions were organized to develop strategies and to combat future challenges on various emerging issues.

To devise future technological and governance strategies in order to cope up the challenges and strengthen the overall agriculture in the state, the U.P. Council of Agricultural Research organised 3rd UP Agricultural Science Congress at SHIATS, Allahabad and 4th UP Agricultural Science Congress at CSAUAT, Kanpur on 14-16 June, 2015 and 2-4 March, 2016 respectively in collaboration with SAUs.

During 2015-16, 27 meetings of Crop Weather Watch Group was organized in the Council and recommendations were sent to different stakeholders in the State. In order to expand its

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reach, initiative has been taken to send the recommendations through SMS in collaboration with IFFCO.

During 2015-16, 37 research projects under Shodh Nidhi and 40 research projects under Revolving fund has carried out on state agricultural priorities.

Extension69. At present 68 KVKs are established in the state out of which 49 KVKs are established under SAUs, 05 under ICAR Institutes and 14 under NGOs and other organizations. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra established in the various districts under agriculture university of the state, carried out extension activities by organizing training, demonstrations, farm advisory services, kisan mela and kisan gosthis. The queries of the farmers were answered by Krishak Help Line and Kisan Call Centres established in agriculture universities. In addition to above, the KVKs also carried out seed production programme, fisheries, production of bio-fertiliser and bio agents for control of crop pests and distributed among the farmers. The literatures of various agriculture technologies were published and also experts from agriculture universities provided latest know-how to the farmers through radio and TV.

70. U.P. Council of Agricultural Research participated in Saifai Mahotsav, Agri-Horti Tech, Lucknow and Lucknow Mahotsav during 2015-16.

Proposals for Annual Plan 2016-17Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in State Agriculture UniversitiesEstablishment of new University of Agriculture and Technology in Banda district

71. Establishment of a new university of agriculture and technology at Banda district was sanctioned in 2008-09. The construction and establishment work of College of Veterinary Sc. and AH, College of Horticulture, College of Forestry, College of Home Science, College of Technology, Administrative Building, Hostels and Residential Buildings and other infrastructural facilities are under process. An outlay of Rs. 2541.64 lacs has been proposed for completion of remaining work of construction and essential infrastructure facilities like electricity, Sever, Drinking water, roads, etc. in the Annual Plan 2016-17.

Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur

72. For establishment of new Agriculture College in Lakhimpur Kheri and to complete the remaining work of College of Dairy Technology, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Fisheries, Boys and Girls Hostels and to establish a Statue of Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad at University campus, an outlay of Rs. 2267.79 lacs has been proposed in the Annual Plan 2016-17.

Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad

73. In the annual plan 2016-17 an outay of Rs.2841.18 lacs has been proposed for establishment/construction of new Agriculture Colleges in Azamgarh, Sonbhadra and Gonda districts and

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completion/furnishing of Boundary wall, internal roads, high mast tower and other infrastructural facilities in the main campus of the university.

Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut

74. The construction and establishment work of College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, College of Post Harvest Technology and Central Library is under process. To complete the construction work and develop infrastructure facilities an outlay of Rs. 1649.21 lacs has been proposed in annual plan 2016-17.

Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University, Allahabad

75. Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University is one of the oldest Institute in the country. It was raised the status of Deemed university in 2000. For strengthening of agriculture extension in Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University, Allahabad an outlay of Rs. 45.10 lacs has been proposed in Annual Plan 2016-17.

ICAR funded projects (Central sponsored schemes)

76. In the field of research, the All India Coordinated Research Projects are being operated in the state agriculture universities on 75:25 basis. Out of total grant the 75% share is met by Indian Council of Agricultural Research and 25 % share has to be met by State Govt as per MoU. Therefore an outlay of Rs. 700.00 lacs has been proposed in Annual Plan 2016-17 for this purpose.

Construction of UPCAR Office Building77. UPCAR was established to coordinate agriculture research, education and extension activities in the state. Presently UPCAR office is stationed at 8th Floor of Kisan Mandi Bhawan provided by Mandi Parishad. To establish its separate office building with infrastructural facilities, this project was sanctioned in 2015-16 with a project cost of Rs. 13.76 Crore. In the Annual Plan 2015-16, Rs. 2.50 Crore was spent against the sanctioned project cost. To complete the remaining work of construction and develop infrastructural facilities, an outlay of Rs. 5.00 Crore has been proposed in the annual plan 2016-17.

Horticulture

78. Uttar Pradesh has the natural advantage of diverse agro climatic conditions, which enables production of wide range of horticulture crops. Uttar Pradesh is bestowed with rich bio-diversity and varied agro-climatic conditions, ideal for growing a large variety of horticultural crops. The sector, which includes fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices and medicinal & aromatic plants, has gained importance in terms of enhanced income per unit area, providing nutritional security, source of raw material for many food

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processing industries, earning considerable amount of foreign exchange, leading to socio-economic improvement of the people in the state.

79. Keeping the above importance of horticulture in the national economy and the economy of the state, in particular, a systematic and scientific effort of developing horticulture in the state has been made. The objective, therefore, is to formulate programs aimed at developing the potential that exists for growing a variety of horticultural crops, to raise income and to generate employment and to achieve a growth rate of 10.40 % in horti- culture sector.

80. Uttar Pradesh is an agro-based state. About 70% of the population is dependent on agriculture, out of which more than 90% share goes to small and marginal farmers. Major part of this share belongs to scheduled caste/scheduled tribes who are involved in agricultural crop production activities. State has 216.68 lakh agricultural farmers, Out of which 166.59 lakh marginal farmers have less than 1 hectare of land and 29.83 lakh small farmers have between 1 to 2 hectares of land. Similarly, in the agriculture sector, there are 49.7 lakh agricultural labours. Agriculture crops can provide only a limited income per hectare due to which small and marginal farmers have a poor financial status. If these small and marginal farmers take up horticultural crops then per hectare income can be quantitatively increased.

81. This is also well known that horticultural products like fruit, vegetables, mushroom and honey play a major role in nutritional security. By increasing horticultural production activities right form sowing to its maintenance, irrigation, harvesting/cutting/marketing processing and value addition etc. help in creating 860 mandays per hectare per year.

82. Eleventh five year plan envisages the maximum involvement of small and marginal farmers in horticultural production. For this promotion will be given under different schemes like-area expansion, adoption of new technology, training, protected cultivation, seed and plant production programs. At present there is approximately 55.16 lakh hectare under horticultural crops and there is a proposal of bringing 3.59 lakh hectare new area under horticultural crops in 2016-17.

83. U.P. has geographical area of about 240928 sq. km of which 255.30 Lac. ha or about 11 per cent is under total cultivation and in 2012-13, the percentage of net reported area as-241.70 Lac.ha to net cultivated area as-165.64 Lac. ha (68.53 per cent) with its population of 19.95 crore (as per 2011 census). The per capita income, at current prices, has been put at about Rs.36250/- in 2013-14 which is comparatively much better than 2004-05 (Rs. 12950/-). One of the ways of improving rural income and employment in the state is through diversification of agriculture, horticulture, food processing & other allied sectors.

Objectives and priorities of Horticulture Development Plans84. The special attention had been given to horticulture sector from VIIIth plan period and resulted with commercialization of horticulture including fruits, vegetables, spices, floriculture, medicinal plant, bee-keeping & other allied activities. Development of horticulture in tropical & semi arid areas like Bundelkhand & Vindhyan region was given special emphasis. The priorities objectives of the horticulture development programme includes :

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Improvement in production, productivity and net returns per unit area;

Provision of better nutrition and protective diet to the people;

Creation of additional employment opportunities and increase in income in rural area.

Creating infra-structures for post harvest management of perishable fruits & vegetables for reducing post harvest losses.

Agricultural Situation in the State of Uttar Pradesh85. Agriculture occupies an important place in the state economy employing 73.01 per cent of the labour force and contributing the largest share (33.7 per cent) to the total state domestic product. Land ownership is characterized by small and fragmented holdings. As per the Agricultural census of 2011, 79.5 per cent of the total holdings are less than 1.0 ha. Failure of rains and frequent occurrence of natural calamities like hail storms, floods, drought etc. play havoc in the Uttar Pradesh rendering major parts of the area exposed to vagaries of weather thereby resulting in uneconomic yield. Sizeable part of the irrigated and non- irrigated holdings owned by small and marginal farmers, in particular is faced with diminishing productivity levels due to poor management of land and water resources.

Horticulture Sub-Sector86. The state enjoys an important position in India in the field of horticulture, the area under horticultural

crops occupy approx. 55.16 Lac. ha (nearly 22 per cent), It stands sixth in the country in respect of area and production of fruits, first of vegetable and first in area and production of potato. It contributes 50% mentha, 40% aonla, 36% potato, 24% mango and nearly 17% guava production in national basket.

87. Despite emphasis made on horticulture crop production during last Plan periods, there is still a large gap between the demand and supply of several horticultural commodities. The demand is further expected to rise in the coming years on account of need to provide minimum per capita requirements of various horticulture commodities to the increasing population to ensure nutritional security. With emphasis on value addition, the demand of crop products of several commodities for the processing industries will increase. India has a great potential for improving its export of horticultural commodities. Change in dietary pattern and rise in per capita income and living style is expected to accelerate the demand for horticultural commodities especially that of processed products. The emerging world-wide trend which is also reflected in our country, indicates a paradigm shift in dietary needs of the people. This means that the demand of horticulture produce will continue to rise with rise in income.

Proposed level of Area, Production, Productivity in 2016-17

88. As mentioned above, the horticultural crops are well suited to the agro-ecological conditions of Uttar Pradesh and have considerable scope for further expansion. Being densely populated state, most of the farmers are of small and marginal holding and they practice commercial farming of vegetables, spices, floriculture and early fruiting crops like banana & papaya. It is proposed to achieve the area expansion of fruits in 1.05 lakh ha. 2.30 lakh ha. vegetable and 0.24 lakh ha. potato as additional area during 2016-17. The present growth rate of horticulture sector in the state is 9.40 % and it is proposed to increase it up to

the level of 10.40%. in the XIIth Plan Period.

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The Plan

89. The basic objective of the plan is to bring about integrated development of horticultural crops - fruits, vegetables, Spices, Flowers and potato in the state. The emphasis is on increasing area, production and productivity of some of the traditionally cultivated horticultural crops presently grown in the State, besides proposing some new crops, which could be grown successfully. The accent is on integrating production with marketing, storage and processing to improve marketing efficiency and also to reduce the huge post-harvest losses being presently incurred.

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis

90. On analyzing the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats covering the horticulture sector, it is evident that horticulture sector would be competitive provided weaknesses are converted into opportunities.

Strengths

Huge natural resource base & large labour pool.

Large consumer base.

Endowed with agro climatic conditions suitable for horticultural crops.

Number of cultivars and their adoption in different agro climatic condition make the availability of horticultural produce for expanded period.

Network of research infrastructure to support the development.

Changing dietary habit of the people.

Weaknesses Lack of sufficient quality planting material, certified & improved variety seeds.

Comparably low productivity of various horticultural crops.

Lack of sufficient marketing and PHM facilities.

Lack of quality produce in accordance with demand in global market.

Insufficiency of infrastructure facilities at all levels.

Inadequate reliable data base in horticulture.

Lack of technical staff at block and panchayat level.

Opportunities

Adequate availability of raw material for processing industry.

The state has sufficient number of institutions under Central Govt. viz. ICAR, CSIR, etc. to backup the development programs.

Compact areas having cheap, hard working and intelligent labour force.

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Large tract of alluvial soil with rivers like- Ganga, Yamuna, Rapti, Ghaghara, etc.

Horticulture provides opportunity for food and nutritional security through better accessibility.

Vast opportunity to attract youth towards agriculture.

Threats

Reduced productivity in the absence of improved technology.

Malnutrition of millions if horticulture development does not move fast.

If the present opportunity is not availed, state may lag behind in its overall development and horticulture especially.

Best Practices:

Tissue culture banana cultivation has been developed as commercial horticulture activity in major areas of up.

Cultivation of High value flowers and vegetable has been opted by formers through reaction of protected structures viz. Green house/playhouse and shading houses under MIDH.

Promotion of Hybrid vegetable cultivation in RKVY and of his supportive schemes are helpful in economic uplifement of forms.

Use of drip and sprinkler in aglow system for quality of fruits & vegetables.

Proposed Scheme's/ Programmes [

91. The plan focus is on increasing the production and productivity through adoption of improved technologies for ensuring quality of all horticultural crops. Special emphasis is given on adopting cluster approach for developing regionally differentiated crops, which are most suitable for the state/region. Availability of good quality planting material being a key area for the development of horticulture, efforts will be made to create necessary infrastructure in the form of nurseries. This will be supplemented with plantation development programs by adding new areas under improved varieties to meet the demand of the market in fresh as well as processed form.

92. The low productivity of the perennial fruits like mango, citrus is mainly due to small size of holdings, the preponderance of old and senile trees and the poor management available to them. Under SHM, it is proposed to take up rejuvenation/productivity improvement programs is such old and thickly shaded mango, Aonla and guava orchards.

93. For enabling vertical growth through increased productivity, it is proposed to take up activities like protected cultivation, promotion of integrated Nutrient Management (INM) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Besides, precision farming techniques will be tried out on pilot scale for selected crops like banana, litchi, aonla, chilli and flowers like gladiolus, tuberose etc.

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94. Post harvest management would help in creating suitable infrastructure for efficient post harvest management and marketing of horticulture produce, including Marketing promotional activities such as dissemination of market information to the farmers, processors, traders and consumers. The farmers will also be encouraged to work with corporate houses for ensuring supply of quality inputs and buy back arrangement.

95. The congenial agro-climatic conditions prevalent in the state viz; which are suitable for production of many horticultural crops, availability of plenty of sun shine, cheap skilled labour, improved variety of seeds, etc offer good opportunities of horticultural development. It is proposed to optimally utilize the existing strengths and opportunities by overcoming weakness and threats.

96. The Department of Horticulture & Food Processing is all set to meet the above challenges with all its capabilities through following programs which are proposed under State & Centre sector schemes:-

On going Schemes

Horticulture Development for Scheduled Caste /Scheduled Tribes

97. The state has different agro-climate condition and so intensive areas for different fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices etc. are being developed at suitable agro-climatic zones. The state has dense population and so the number of small and marginal farmers is growing continuously and the sizeable number of farmers belongs to scheduled caste. Normally these farmers are involved in raising other agricultural crops so they are getting lesser return and so their living standard is not rising proportionately. So this scheme aims at promoting the farmers of scheduled caste/scheduled tribes to grow more of horticultural crops like vegetables, spices, flowers, Bee-keeping & IPM activities for better return.

Objectives

98. The main objectives of Scheme are as follows :

Transfer of technology of new and improved horticulture package of practices with use new evolved varieties through demonstration to the scheduled caste/scheduled tribes farmers.

Economic improvement of SC/ST farmers by encouraging them to grow horticulture cash crops.

To generate employment opportunities to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes farmers through farming of horticultural crops.

Improvement of production and productivity of horticulture crops by creating more area under horticulture.

Interventions of the Scheme

99. The following activities are proposed to be implemented on SC/ST farmers field :

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Hybrid Vegetable Cultivation

100. The production from hybrid seeds are more economical than that with traditional verities, it is proposed to promote different cucurbits & capsicum for area expansion of vegetable at SC/ST farmers field. Since the seed cost of hybrid seeds is very high, so, if the subsidy of 75% of the total cost can be provided, which can meet the recommended input cost, to these farmers, they will definitely get motivated and there would be a compound increase in their income. Hybrid cucurbitaceous vegetables and hybrid capsicum are selected which are most suitable cash crops with cost norms of SHM sub plan MIDH.

Spices Cultivation

101. The major spice crops grown in the state are chilies, turmeric, coriander, garlic, onion, fenugreek etc. The SC/ST farmers can get better economic returns by their cultivation. Under the scheme, there is a provision for promotion of chilies, coriander, garlic etc. in the intensive areas. It is proposed to provide a subsidy upto 90% of the cost norms of MIDH.

Integrated Pest Management

102. The damage in vegetable crops due to insects and pests is very high sometimes up to 30 to 40%. To minimize the losses, farmers would be provided assistance on IPM tools. It is proposed to provide a subsidy up to 90% of the unit cost to the beneficiaries. The cost norms proposed are as per MIDH.

Cultivation of flowers

103. Floriculture is high value crops which can provide better returns with per unit area. The farmers are getting benefited with cultivation of ornamental crops like gladiolus, cut roses, loose flowers like marigold. Under this scheme, there is a provision for providing subsidy up to 90% for cultivation of marigold and rose under flowers.

Bee-keeping :

104. Wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops like mustard, flowers, neem, litchi, drumstick and so many other floras available in the state. There is lot of scope for employment generation in this area. The bee-hives along with bee-colonies would be distributed in the selected districts under the scheme. The cost norms of one box with colony is approx Rs. 4000/- as per MIDH norms, a sum of 90% i.e. 3600/- per colony/hive would be made available as assistance for commercial development of bee-keeping.

Direct Benefit Transfer/Project Management :

105. The programs is to be implemented season wise and the applications will be invited online during 2016-17 and the farmers would be finally selected as per their suitability. All the benefits of the schemes would be transferred to the beneficiaries through DBT. It is important that farmers have the required

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technical knowledge and for this all the beneficiary farmers should be technically supported. The department does not have sufficient number of field workers at the village/tehsil/block level, it is proposed to outsource on contractual base horticulture assistants in selected districts for better implementation.

Components Unit Unit Cost

(in lac)

Assistance (Rs.) Phy.Target

Fin.(Rs. in Lac)

1 Vegetable & Spices Cultivation      (i) Promotion of Hybrid Vegetable Cultivation   Cucurbits (Bottle Gourd, Bitter Gourd,

Cucumber, Pumpkin & Sponge Gourd)ha 0.50 75% of cost max.

Rs.37500/ ha.150 56.25

  Hybrid Capsicum ha 0.50 75% of cost max. of Rs.37500/ ha.

108 40.50

2 Spices Cultivation (ha.)  Hybrid Chili ha 0.30 90% of cost max. of

Rs.27000/ ha.122.94 33.19

  Hybrid Coriander ha 0.30 90% of cost max. of Rs.27000/ ha.

75 20.25

  Garlic ha 0.30 90% of cost max. of Rs.27000/ ha.

75 20.25

3 Floriculture    Rose (cutting) ha 1.00 90% of cost max. of

Rs.90000/ha.20 18.00

  Marigold ha 0.40 90% of cost max. of Rs.36000/ ha.

60 21.60

4 I.P.M. (Vegetable) ha 0.04 90% of cost max. of Rs.3600/ ha.

126.6 4.56

5 Beekeeping    Distribution of Bee Colonies No. 0.04 90% of cost max. of

Rs.3600/per colony with beehive

150 5.40

  TOTAL 27 - Subsidy Head 220.006 Project Management/Monitoring          (a) Hire of Vehicles, , Publicity

Seminars/Gosthi, Computer Operator through NGO, Stationary etc.

No.     14.80

(b) Hiring of horticulture assistant through NGO (No.)

No.   Rs.7000/- per assistant per month for 6 month

60 25.20

      Grand Total 260.00

106. A total outlay of Rs. 260.00 lac proposed for 2016-17 to achieve the proposed target.

State Horticulture Mission under MIDH (CSS)

107. The State Horticulture Mission scheme is being executed in the state since 2005-06. As per the guideline of GoI, SHM has been subsumed under Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture from 2015-16 and the scheme is proposed to be implemented as per new cost norms and operational

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guidelines of MIDH 2014. The Mission is specially focused on increasing the production and productivity through adoption of improved technologies for ensuring quality of horticultural crops. Special emphasis is on adopting cluster approach for developing regionally differentiated crops, which are most suitable for the state/region. Availability of good quality planting material is the key area for the development of horticulture, efforts are made to create necessary infrastructure in the form of nurseries. This is supplemented with plantation development programmes by adding new areas under improved varieties to meet the demand of the market in fresh as well as processed form.

108. The low productivity of the perennial fruits like mango, citrus is mainly due to small size of holdings, the preponderance of old and senile trees and the poor management available to them. Under the SHM rejuvenation programs of such old and thickly shaded mango, guava and aonla orchards for productivity improvement are being implemented.

109. For enabling vertical growth through increased productivity, it has been take up activities like protected cultivation, promotion of integrated Nutrient Management (INM) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

110. Post harvest management would help in creating suitable infrastructure for efficient post harvest management and marketing of horticulture produce, including marketing promotional activities such as dissemination of market information to the farmers, processors, traders and consumers. The farmers will also be encouraged to work with corporate houses for ensuring supply of quality inputs and buy back arrangement.

111. The above mentioned components under the State Horticulture Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture are developed in such a way that activities and programs in one component supplement and complement the activities and programs of other component in order to build in synergy among the various programs under different components. Only through such an integrated approach to the development of horticulture, it would be possible to develop and exploit the horticulture potential of each region in the state, which can become the mainstay of the economy of the state/region in achieving the ultimate goal of the NHM.

112. GoI has approved.The scheme as per 60:40 patten of assistance. Annual Action plan with an outlay of Rs. 71.63Cr.eibilty has been approved by. 601. Which includes. Rs.42.98 cr. central assistance and Rs. 28.65 cr State share. Budget prosion share. Of Rs. 54.46Cr has been made and vest amount will be arranged as per release of c.s. through. Supplement or reapprove privation.

Establishment of Lohia Gardens/Parks

113. The theme of establishing Lohia Gardens/Parks is to control the environmental pollution and to provide an ornamental and beautiful ambiences to people in urban areas. It will also help to maintain level of oxygen in cities to keep people healthy and tension free. Recreation facilities will also be provided for children in the park. Besides ornamental and flowering plants, lawn, water-body, bird baths and good landscape areas will also be developed in the proposed park. Keeping in view, establishment of Lohia

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Environmental Garden, Ghazipur was initiated during 2013-14 with an outlay of Rs 150.00 lac. Amount Rs. 72.11 lac was released in 2013-14, Rs. 44.70 lac was released in 2014-15 & remaining Rs. 24.57 lac has been released in 2015-16. One new Lohia Garden was proposed to be established in Jaunpur with as outlay of Rs 150.00 lac. The major activities to be undertaken are fencing, establishment of children park, path way, Japanese garden, Solar lights, Lawn, Irrigation Facilities, Sitting arrangement, Landscaping and other required basic infrastructure. Rs. 90.00 lac has been released in 2015-16 for completion of works like construction of boundary wall, pathway, residences of guard & gardener, office building, toilet & pump house etc. The work will be undertaken by RES (Rural Engineering Service) Jaunpur & amount has been transferred to it. For the maintenance of Lohia Parks established in Kannauj & Etawah in the year 2012-13, Rs. 34.057 lac has been released in 2015-16. Total of Rs. 164.57 lac has been released for the establishment/ maintenance of Lohia Parks in 2015-16

114. A total outlay of Rs. 205.06 lacs is proposed during 2016-17 to establish one new Lohia Garden/Park and to complete the rest work and their maintenance.

Beautification of Lohia Park, Mainpuri and Narain Bagh, Jhansi

115. Both these schemes were initiated during 2013-14 with respect to the announcement of Honorable Chief Minister. In the financial year 2015-16 Rs. 51.453 lac has been released for the scheme and outlay of Rs. 50.64 lac has been proposed for 2016-17.

Qualitative Production of Betel Vine in Uttar PradeshObjective

To increase income of betel producers & improvement there life style.

To promote new technology in Betel production.

To increase of betel vine in the state.

Biological control of pest and disease.

To enhance employment generation.

Area of Operation 116. It is proposed to implement the scheme in 12 potential districts which are variable and will be finalized as per the requirement. Such potential areas are Unnao, Raibarely, Lucknow, Sitapur, Pratapgarh, Allahabad, Ballia, Azamgarh, Kanpur Nagar, Banda, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra.

Pattern of Assistance

117. Approx. the cost of one bareja of 1500 sqm. is Rs. 151360/- and it is proposed to provide 50% assistance for erection of bareja & production of betel vine up to Rs. 75680/- .

Proposed Target

118. It is proposed to erect 63 betel vine bareja during 2016-17 in proposed districts. The beneficiaries will be given technical knowhow by organizing three training/gosthi.

Horticulture experiment & training centre Mahoba

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119. It exclusively works for adaptive experiment but this centre does not have the proper infra-structures. This needs special attention for the sake of Betelvine growers. In reference to the announcement of H’ble Chief Minister, this centre is being developed & Rs. 99.43 lac was released and spend during 2015-16. A provision of 2016-17 and Rs. 65.10 lac has been made for promotion of betoile.

Implementation of Uttar Pradesh Potato Development Policy – 2014 :

120. This is a continued programme to provide facilities for quality seed production, application of modern techniques, creating storage facilities, marketing, export and promotion of potato based industries in the state. During 2015-16 an outlay of Rs. 34.00 lac was made available and the same amount has been arranged for 2016-17 for the effective implementation of this policy.

Horticulture Development in Bundelkhand & Vindhyan Region :

121. This programme has been launched specifically for all the districts of Jhansi, Chitrakoot & Mirzapur Division for promoting horticulture development. In this scheme, farmers are free to select any fruit crops and can establish it’s orchards successfully and can get Rs. 3000/- per month as remuneration for continuously three years as per the survival of plants.

The suitable fruits crops : Guava, Citrus, Aonla, Pomegranate, Bel, Ber & Mango.

Unit Area : Minimum 0.2 ha. to 1.00 ha.

Physical Target : 3615 ha. for three years

122. During 2015-16 an outlay of Rs. 300.00 lac was made available and the same amount has been arranged for 2016-17 for the effective implementation of the scheme.

Per Drop More Crop (Micro Irrigation) under PMKSY – CSS :

123. A centrally sponsored scheme named “National Mission on Micro irrigation” was implemented in mission mode from 2010-11 to 2013-14 subsumed under National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) – On Farm Water Management in 2014-15 and being presently implemented as a component “Per Drop More Crop” of PMKSY from 2015-16.

124. Micro irrigation system (MIS) including on line and in line drip irrigation system has tremendous scope which provides greater operational case and highest functional efficiency with minimal maintenance. The system facilitate the maintenance of optimum moisture level at root zone areas which prevents moisture stress or shock associated with other traditional method of irrigation resulting in higher yield, improved quality, early maturity, water saving, management of insect pest and disease etc. Drip irrigation can even convert a vast area of wasteland and ravines lands into cultivable and more fertile. Successful irrigation through drip saves 50-60% water as well as may enhances yield upto 40% in various crops.

Beneficiaries:

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All categories of farmers are eligible for seeking the benefit of micro irrigation.

Support to each farm family under micro irrigation component will be restricted to a farm size of 5 ha. However, beneficiaries who have already availed the benefit of central support for micro irrigation cannot avail further assistance for the same land for the next 10 years.

At least 50% of allocation is to be utilized for farmers of small, marginal farmers of which 30% of women beneficiaries. As per the guidelines of GoI, further 16% and 8% total allocation or in proportion of Scheduled castes and Scheduled tribes population in district would be utilized for special component plan (SCP) & tribal sub plan (TSP) respectively subject to the availability of suitable farmers.

Pattern of Assistance :

125. As per revised guideline of GoI on sharing pattern 60:40 between the Central & State Govt., financial assistance as Central Share is @36% of the system cost of installation for small and marginal farmers (SMF) and @27% for other than SMF in DPAP areas. Keeping the high cost involvement for installation of Drip/Sprinkler system, State Govt. is providing state topup (including mandatory state share) 40%for SMF & 35% for other farmers available as per G.O of U.P. Letter no. 18/2016-817/58-2016-429/2015 dated 16.03.2016. Similarly, the pattern of assistance for other than DPAP area would be restricted to 27% as central assistance of the total cost of installation for SMF & 21% of the actual cost of installation for other than SMF. The remaining cost other than subsidy will be borne by the beneficiary from his/her own resources or through soft loan from financial institutions.

Planned Intervention :

i) Wide Spaced Crops:

126. Crop spacing wise & commodity wise proposed interventions for drip irrigation systems in Wide Spaced Crops such as Mango, Guava, Aonla, Litchi, Banana, Citrus, Ber, Bael and other field crops etc are to be covered for better production through Judicious use of Irrigation.

ii) Close Spaced Crops:

127. Banana has become one of the important commercial crop of UP which is nearly grown in 20-25 District under different schemes. Other than Banana, several vegetable crops like - Potato, Tomato, Brinjal, Okra, Cole crops, Cucurbits and flowers like - Tuberose, Gladiolus and other close spacing field crops are to be taken.

Sprinkler Irrigation System :

128. Sprinkler irrigation system viz. Micro Sprinkler, Mini Sprinkler, Portable Sprinkler, Semi Permanent and Large volume Sprinklers are proposed to be installed for irrigating leguminous and leafy vegetables in different districts of Uttar Pradesh. Under this activity, subsidy will be provided to interested farmers as per the norms.

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129. A total 18925 ha. area has been proposed under AAP 2016-17 for Drip & Sprinkler irrigation system.

Transfer of Technology through Training Programme :

130. Since Drip/Sprinkler irrigation system is new focus area of intervention for better production and productivity of Horticulture Crops, it needs to have better orientation and practical training to the beneficiaries as well as field functionaries. The training program to be organized for the farmers will be a two days program. This activity may be organized at District level or may be Division level. The concerned KVKs, SAUs, HETCs and ICAR/CSIR institutes and other suitable organizations may be involved to organize and provide there suitable resource persons. As per norms, approximately 30 beneficiaries will participate for two days training which may cost Rs. 50,000 per training.

131. As per the guidelines of Govt. of India, for implementation of the scheme, Govt. of India has provided 60% central share and rest 40% mandatory & additional state share (top-up) will be arranged by State Govt. Annual Action Plan for the year 2016-17 is being prepared against given GoI share of Rs. 2000 lakh. To meet out the requirement of the fund, the provision of an amount of Rs. 2381.21 lakh (Rs. 1600 lakh in Grant-10 & Rs. 781.21 lakh in Grant-83) has been made for the year 2016-17 including central and state matching share.

Food Processing

132. Food processing industries contribute significantly to the economic and social development. Food processing industry acts as a bridge between the agriculture and allied sector and industry sector, the two most important spheres of human entrepreneurship. Production under the agriculture and allied sector of Utter Pradesh, which includes food grains, horticultural crops, dairy and meat, occupies a prominent place in the country's gross production. About two-third of the Utter Pradesh population depends on agriculture and this sector contributes about 25-30 percent to the state's domestic product. Utter Pradesh is brimming with the possibilities of developing food processing sector, investing capital in this sector, generating employment and increasing income of all the stake holders. Following key grounds are existing in the state for establishing and developing food processing industries:

Abundant availability of raw products round the year from primary sector:

133. Raw products are available in ample quantity in the state. These include wheat, paddy, maize and sugarcane under food grain crops: potato, mango, aonla, pea, tomato, cucurbits & other vegetables and mushrooms under the horticultural crops and milks, meat, eggs and honey under animal husbandry, poultry and fisheries sub sectors.

134. Since most of these products are perishable in nature, the possible losses can be brought down by processing the surplus product through post-harvest management .Local availability of raw material helps in saving the transportation cost and a better backward linkage is ensured. Not only this, it is also possible to substantially increase the availability of raw products of primary sector by suitably tapping the favorable

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agro-climatic condition of the state. Availability of market, human resource, low production costs are the other factors which are suitable for the development of food processing sector in the state.

Plan Schemes:135. Following programs of food processing were conducted under plan scheme, whose short description is as follows:-

Scheme of 100 Days Food Processing Entrepreneurship Training Program:136. This program is to be conducted at Government Food Preservation Centers (77). Duration of the program is 100 days & training fee is Rs 300 per candidate. Object of the program is to provide employment to general public, reduce the post harvest losses and helping in getting the remunerative prices to the farmer of their produce. This scheme focuses on human resource development for fruits and vegetables and creating opportunities for self- employment. Selection of beneficiaries is made through advertisement and reservation benefits to the applicants. Minimum qualification for the beneficiary is high school pass and minimum age is 18 years.

137. During 2015-16 these programmes were conducted in 31 districts only out of 77 districts in lack of outlay . With an outlay of Rs. 2790 thousands is proposed for 31 training programme for 930 beneficiaries, 2789.14 thousand (99.97%) utilized. During 2016-17 an outlay of Rs.2790 thousand is proposed for 31 training programmes only out of 77 districts for 930 beneficiaries.

Scheme of Expansion & strengthening of Government Fruit Preservation Centers -138. Under these schemes, the selected Government Fruits Preservation Centers being run in departmental buildings will be upgraded as Nodal Centers by equipping them with furniture's & equipments, materials. So that maximum beneficiaries may be benefited.

139. During 2015-2016, Four Government Fruit Preservation Centers are proposed to be upgraded with an outlay of Rs. 2000 thousands, 99.99% utilized. During 2016-17 an outlay of Rs.5000 thousand is proposed for 10 Preservation centers for expansion and strengthening.

Scheme of Dhaba, Fast Food, Restaurant Training:140. This scheme is to be implemented in 77 Government Fruits Preservation Centers and 10 Government Food Science Training centers. Duration of the program is two week and intake of beneficiary is thirty per batch. No fee is taken from the beneficiary. Objective of the training is to prepare value added food in rural & urban areas and to improve hygiene and HACCP standards in the food sectors and also to provide necessary guidance about the balance diet and inspire the beneficiaries to run a independent dhabha & fast food corner for their self employment. Selection of the candidates is made through advertisement.

141. During 2015-2016, 1500 beneficiaries were trained and with an outlay of Rs. 2500 thousands, Rs. 2499.71 thousand (99.99%) utilized. During 2016-17 an outlay of Rs.2500 thousand is proposed for 50 training programmes only, out of 77 districts for 1500 beneficiaries.

Scheme for awareness on quality and hygiene:-142. The objective of this scheme is to create awareness regarding quality and hygiene amongst the human resource (skilled and unskilled) engaged in dhaba and restaurant, food processing units. The

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concept of Good Hygiene Practice, (GHP) Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) hygiene, sanitation and cleanliness is being delivered to the beneficiaries by imparting training to the beneficiary.

143. During 2015-2016, 4822 beneficiaries will be trained and with an outlay of Rs. 1200 thousands, Rs. 1199.90 thousand (99.99%) utilized. During 2016-17 an outlay of Rs.1200 thousand is proposed for 96 training programmes of 77 districts for 4800 beneficiaries.

Strengthening of E-governance database:144. Under Food Processing relative information's providing to public through departmental Website, on-line compilation of data, linkage from agencies through Website, Telephone, Computer and facility of internet at all centers, computer operators on contractual basic, training of minimum two staff of centers, software development and monitoring of schemes, establishing nodal cell at head quarter level.

145. During out lay of Rs 450 thousand (94.42%) is utilized. During 2016-17 with an out lay of Rs 2000 thousand, strengthening of 17 divisional level offices and head quarter is proposed.

Food Processing Industry Policy:

146. The Food Processing Industry Policy aims at creating a favorable atmosphere for setting up of food processing units in the state through development of infrastructure facilities , encouragement to capital investing and technological up-gradation , human resource development , development of marketing networks, research & development promotion , quality and certification and grants and concessions. New food processing units will get re-imbursement at 7% of interest loan taken for Plant, machinery and spares max. up to INR 50 lacs in a year for a maximum of 5 years, 50% assistance or expenses on 2.5% of capital project cost of the D.P.R. whichever is less subject to a maximum of INR 5 lacs for D.P.R. Preparation available to new units with maximum investment of INR 25 lacs on plant, machinery & spares parts.

147. In order to meet out the financial grants and concessions to be provided under this policy, an outlay of Rs. 199.50 thousands, Rs. 112.61 thousand (56.45%) is utilized in 2015-2016. During 2016-17 an outlay of Rs.20305 thousand is proposed financial grants and concessions to be provided under this policy.

Chief Minister Food Processing Mission: 148. Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MFPI) was launched Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) -

National Mission on Food Processing (NMFP) during 12th Five year plan by support from state/UTS . This

scheme was free the balance period ie 2013-17 under 12th Five year plan, but GOI has de linked the scheme from 01.04.2015 (ie 2015-16) and requested from state for the continuity of this scheme at your end. After de-linkage of scheme the State Government has decided to launch a new scheme as " Chief Minister Food Processing Mission U.P."

149. The Objectives of the mission are: to augment the capacity of food processors working to upscale their operations through capital infusion; technology transfer , skill up gradation and handholding support; to support established self help groups working in food processing sector to facilitate them to achieve SME status; capacity development and skill up gradation through institutional training to ensure sustainable

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employment opportunities to the people and also to reduce the gap in requirement and availability of skilled manpower in food processing sector; to raise the standards of food safety and hygiene to the globally accepted norms; to facilities food processing industries to adopt HACCP and ISO certification norms; to augment farm gate infrastructure, supply chain logistic, storage and processing capacity and to provide better support system to organized food processing sector. Under this scheme facilities are for setting -up of Food processing Units, creation of infra-structural facilities for Cold Chain, value addition & processing, setting-up of Primary Processing/Collection center in rural areas, Modernization of Meat Shop, Refer Van /Mobile pre-cooling Van's, Creation of infrastructural facilities for running degree/diploma/certificate courses in food processing.

150. The proposed scheme will be fully funded by the State. The budget outlay for the FY 2016-17 is Rs. 4248.65 lakh.

Sugar Cane Development

151. Uttar Pradesh is the prominent sugar cane producing state in the country. Besides U.P. other prominent states are Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat in tropical region and Punjab, Haryana and Bihar in subtropical region. The state of U.P. with regards to cane area, Av yield per hectare and total sugar cane production in country as whole and also in comparison to different states is presented as under.

Table-1 : Inter state Comparison of sugar Statistics (Year 2014-15)

StateCane Area (Thousand

ha.)

AV.Yield (Ton. per ha.)

Cane Production (lac

Ton.)

Sugar Production (Thousand

Ton.)

Sugar recovery %

A Tropical region 1 Maharashtra 1048 78.1 818.7 10507 11.282 Tamilnadu 263 93 244.63 1218 8.673 Karnataka 450 93.1 418.95 4935 11.064 Andhra Pradesh 177 74.3 131.5 564 9.385 Gujarat 204 68.9 140.6 1154 10.35B Subtropical Region 1 U.P. 2132 65.15 1389.02 7102 9.542 Haryana 101 75.7 76.5 576 9.943 Punjab 94 74.9 70.39 537 9.424 Bihar 256 55.2 141.31 526 9.15C All India 5144 69.9 3593.30 28313 10.37

152. From the perusal of the table following inferences are drawn:

Area under sugar cane in U.P. is highest amongst all the states, which is 41.44% of the total cane area of the country.

In total cane Production of the country, U.P. contributes 38.65%.

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Except Haryana and Punjab average yield per hectare is highest in Uttar Pradesh amongst other states grouped in sub tropical region but much below than all India average being 69.9 ton.

From the viewpoint of total sugar production U.P. is on the second among all states of the country.

153. The following Table gives inter-state Sugar production since 2005-06.

Table-2 : State wise Sugar Production for Last Ten Years(lakh ton.)

STATES 2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

1 Andhra Pradesh

12.36 16.80 13.35 5.93 5.15 10.06 11.35 9.54 10.07 5.64

2 Karnataka 19.43 26.60 29.00 16.54 25.58 36.83 38.72 34.43 41.77 49.353 Tamilnadu 21.42 25.40 21.41 15.98 12.80 18.46 23.79 19.32 14.13 12.184 Maharashtra 51.97 91.00 90.75 45.78 70.67 90.54 89.77 79.29 76.85 105.075 Uttar Pradesh 57.84 84.75 73.19 40.64 51.79 58.87 69.74 74.85 64.95 71.016 Bihar 4.22 4.51 3.36 2.14 2.58 3.85 4.50 5.01 5.91 5.267 Haryana 4.09 6.52 5.99 2.29 2.48 3.92 4.94 5.10 5.40 5.76

All India 192.67 283.61 263.56 145.38 189.12 243.94 263.42 257.20 243.60 283.83

154. From the perusal of the table-2 it is evident that Maharashtra was top leading state in sugar production. The fluctuation in sugar production of the country was a prominent factor during the period under review, varying from 145.38 in the year 2008-09 to 283.83 lakh ton in 2014-15 , however, fluctuation in sugar production in U.P. is lesser.

155. Looking to the fluctuation in sugar production in the country a critical examination with special reference to U.P. with regards to cane area, average yield, total cane production, total sugar production, number of factories with installed capacity and sugar recovery obtained during the last eleven five year plans is necessary.

156. The following Table Provided the achievement in production and growth since first five year plan. Table-3 : Plan wise Achievement with regards to cane area, average yield, cane production sugar production etc.

The final year of the plan

Cane area (lac.h.)

Average yield

(M.t./Ha.)

Cane product.

(L.t.)

Sugar product. (L.t.)

No. of Mills

Crushing capacity

(Tcd)

Sugar recovery

%1 1st five year plan 7.97 40.10 319.34 10.98 68 72,327 9.692 2nd five year plan 9.84 37.72 371.10 12.04 71 84,859 9.323 3rd five year plan 8.26 36.43 300.88 7.11 71 1,02,059 9.584 4th five year plan 12.09 44.12 533.28 12.97 74 1,13,218 8.995 5th five year plan 14.69 39.40 578.78 14.63 88 1,31,535 9.286 6th five year plan 14.70 46.13 678.05 14.77 99 1,61,439 9.567 7th five year plan 18.55 57.51 1066.77 36.51 106 2,14,991 9.188 8th five year plan 21.96 60.76 1334.21 39.22 122 3,51,318 9.599 9th five year plan 20.54 54.40 1117.38 43.87 110/100 3,58,804 9.7310 10th five year plan 26.62 59.59 1546.22 84.75 133 709000 9.4711 11th five year plan 28.50 56.44 1608.59 73.19 132 761328 9.78

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12 12th five year plan13 Year 2012-13 24.24 62.00 1438.64 76.00 124 768240 9.214 Year 2013-14 23.60 62.74 1480.93 64.95 119 751265 9.2615 Year 2014-15 21.32 65.15 1389.02 71.01 118 746565 9.54

157. Above table reveals that there is more than fourfold increase in cane area of the state during the span of the from first five year plan to 11th five year plan. Average yield per hectare varied from 36.43 M.T. in 3rd plan to 65.15 tones in 12th plan period.

158. Numbers of working mills was 68 in 1st five-year plan which was raised to 118 in the year 2014-15. Similarly cane crushing capacity of mills was reported 72327 T.C.D. in first plan period which was raised to 746565 T.C.D. at the end of the year 2014-15 .

Sugar Cane Sector in 2016-17 Plan

159. Major Challenges passing sugar cane sector in U.P are as Under

Limited availability of per unit area of water for irrigation.

Depletion of soil fertility.

Increase of prices of fertilizer germicide and pesticide chemical.

Price escalation of petroleum products.

Limited availability of farm labor.

Reduction in cane area due to price increase of other competitive crops.

Besides manufacturing of sugar, diversion of cane crop is likely towards other by products like ethanol etc.

Improvement in exiting production Technology of sugar cane.

160. In the changed scenario efforts are to be made to obtain maximum out put per unit of area irrigation water and other inputs. It is expected that there will be increase in cane productivity and sugar recovery.

Issues & Strategies

To raise the crushing capacity of sugar mills from 7.67 lakh T.C.D. to 8.45 lakh T.C.D.

To make efforts in increasing the productivity of sugar cane instead of allowing the sugar cane area to expand is the target. For that the programs relating to the development of high yielding varieties of sugar cane and modern scientific techniques of sugar cane cultivation would have to be carried out. Arrangement for agricultural inputs for giving effect to increase the sugar cane production will be envisaged. The productivity level is proposed to be raised from almost 60 tons in 2011-12 to 70.00 tons in 2016-17.

Development of area of such sugar cane varieties which are high yielding and rich in sugar for those sugar factory areas where sugar cane area as per requirement is not available as also to

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develop the varieties of sugar cane for the different regions according to suitability of soil and climate Development of maturity wise sugar cane verities and conducting of surveys with the help of sugar mills. So that area under unsuitable varieties is minimized.

Arrangement for drainage for such factory areas where due to excessive rains water logging takes place. Introduction of water logging verities will be made to obtain maximum yield in adverse circumstances.

A sizable chunk of sugar cane is diverted towards gur and khandsari. To minimize its diversion, drawl percentage is proposed to be raised from 55% to 65%, this will enable the growers to get maximum price of the maximum quantity produce.

By strengthening cane union and making them more useful to the grower and also streamlining the activities of cane development council, a sound institutional base will be prepared to impart knowledge along with purchasing physical inputs.

To maintain soil-fertility By introducing integrated nutrient management by using of Biofortilizer and Vermi-Compost is emphasized.

Ratoon management is very much neglected in central eastern U.P. Management of second and third ratoon will get special attention in the plan.

Proposed targets for the 2016-17 Table-4 : Major & Monitorable Targets

Particulars Unit 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 TargetTarget Ach. Target Ach.

1 Cane Area Lac. Ha. 23.00 21.32 27.00 20.52 23.502 Average yield Ton Per Ha. 62.00 65.15 65.00 66.46 67.003 Sugar Cane Production Lac. Ton. 1426.00 1389.02 1755.00 1364.12 1575

4 Drawl Percent 57.00 53.6 65.00 47.08 60.005 Total Cane crushed Lac. Ton. 812.82 744.54 1226.50 642.32 8006 No of Sugar Factory No. 126 118 125 118 1257 Crushing Capacity Lac. Ton TCD 7.80 7.46565 9.65 7.51 8.458 Sugar recovery Percent 9.9 9.54 10.30 10.61 10.759 Total Sugar Production Lac. Ton. 80.47 71.01 99.00 68.14 102

On going Schemes :-

Ganna Vikas Ki Yojna :-

Foundation Seed Distribution Program - subsidy @ Rs 50/ Qtl.

Primary Seed Distribution Program - subsidy @ Rs 25/ Qtl.

Breeder Seed Transportation Program - subsidy @ Rs 15/ Qtl

Foundation Seed Transportation Program - subsidy @ Rs 7/ Qtl

Soil and seed treatment. - subsidy @ Rs 500/ Hect.

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Ratoon management. - subsidy @ Rs 150/ Hect.

Use of Bio-fertilizer/Vermi compost -subsidy @ Rs 600/ Hect.

Construction of Gramin sampark marg

161. Uttar Pradesh is the foremost state in the production of sugarcane. In order to facilitate the farmers to supply their sugarcane from field to sugar mills Cane Development department undertakes the construction of link roads in Cane Growing areas, with the objective to ensure the speedy supply of fresh sugarcane, to get increased sugar recovery from sugarcane. The department has constructed Approx 12800 Km. of rural roads since 1972-73.U.P. Government has also given emphasis for the development of rural network.

Maintenance of roads

162. U.P. Government is also emphasizing on maintenance, strengthening and upgradation of rural roads. The govt. has devised the U.P. Gram Sampark Anurakshan Niti 2013. To fulfill the targets fixed by the Govt. under the policy the department has to reconstruct (Sudhrikaran) 500 Km. of roads and annual patch repair of nearly 600 k.m. of roads every year. In 2016-17 repair and reconstruction work of roads damaged by flood is proposed.

Animal Husbandry

163. Uttar Pradesh is a vast State with huge livestock population. As per 19th Livestock Census- 2012, there are 205.66 lac cattle, 306.25 lac buffaloes, 13.54 lac sheep, 155.86 lac goats, 13.34 lac pigs and 186.68 lac of poultry in the State. With this huge livestock wealth, The Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of milk in the country with the production of 263.87 lac MT annually in year 2015-16 with the growth rate of 4.72%. Uttar Pradesh is one of the largest meat producing State. In the year 2015-16 meat production was 1417.88 lac kg with the growth rate 1.48% and it's more than 60% of the country's meat export. State produces 2192.85 lac eggs with the growth rate of 5.56% and 12.64 lac kgs of wool annually with the growth rate of 15.00%. There is decline in sheep population due to shrinkage of pastures and shifting in occupation.

164. The Department of Animal Husbandry provides improved breeding services through artificial inseminations, widespread vaccinations, treatment as well as availability of quality fodder seeds to the farmers and these services are provided through 2200 veterinary hospitals, 2575 livestock extension centers and 268 'D' class dispensaries in the state. Besides these department also facilitate to the farmers for better livestock management Entrepreneurship development and employment generation.

Purpose:-

To increase production of milk, meat, eggs and wool.

To ensure disease control and adequate health cover on modern scientific lines.

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Strengthening of the improved breeding programme and streamlining the available breeding resources for better services to the farmers.

To improve feed and fodder resource through area extension and improved fodder varieties.

To generate employment opportunities for the rural people and Development of Entrepreneurship in Animal Husbandry Sector.

To restructure the state livestock farms bull mother farms for producing adequate number of elite bulls of superior germplasm.

To conserve indigenous breeds of all species of livestock and poultry and to support in marketing backup.

To create adequate training infrastructure in A.H. Sector.

To create good environment for development of IT sector.

Achievements:-

165. During the XII plan, the State Animal Husbandry Department has made consistent efforts to improve the different livestock species and their productivity and production. The total production levels of milk, eggs and wool at the end of the XII Plan has reached to 263.87 Lac M. Tons, 2192.85 million and 12.64 lac kg. respectively which is declining in comparison to year 2014-15 due to lack of grazing land and change in occupation.

Programmes

Breeding Services:

166. There are 5043 A.I. Centers in the State which cater quality breeding services to the farmers. Breeding of non-descript low productive desi cows is undertaken through high producing exotic breeds like Holstein Friesian and Jersey bulls. An elaborate breeding policy is in vogue since year 2002 in the State with the main emphasis on breeding with H.F.bulls. However, in under developed areas and in small cow breeds breeding is preferred with Jersey bulls. Exotic inheritance shall be limited up to the 50% of cross bred level. Simultaneously the emphasis is also given to the breeding of draft purpose breeds and also for the conservation and propagation of indigenous breeds. Breeding in buffaloes is undertaken by the improved native breeds like Murrah and Bhadawari.

167. For catering quality breeding services at the farmers door step, self-employed paravets are working in the state. Simultaneously, the State Livestock Development Board is functional for streamlining breeding inputs supply. Under improved breeding coverage, Artificial Insemination is conducted through A.I. Centers, LEO Centres, paravets and NGOs along with infertility management through infertility camps.

168. State has three deep frozen semen stations situated at Rehmankhera (Lucknow), Babugarh, (Ghaziabad) and Manjhara (Khiri) which produce quality semen straws and maintain quality bulls. For

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purpose of natural breeding in remote areas quality bulls are distributed in the field. Improved breeding services are ensured by Uttar Pradesh Livestock Development Board (UPLDB) established under NPCBB, Govt. of India. The target of AI has been increased 80 lakh to 125 lakh. The timeline has been fixed to achieve the target.

Disease Control:

169. Infectious diseases of domestic animals embrace a tremendous mass of information. The course of infectious diseases of domestic animals outlined presents a complete study of each of the important diseases, except the diseases of poultry and small animals.

Feed & Fodder development:

170. State has a shortage of green fodder, dry fodder and compounded feed to the extent of 31.91%, 7.20% and 48.68% respectively. The livestock mainly depend on green & dry fodder. The area under fodder cultivation is limited to about 8.78 lac hect. and it is not easy to increase the area under fodder since an indirect competition exist between fodder production and cereal production for human consumption. The agricultural crop residues mostly are being utilized for animal feeding, therefore infrastructure of feed & fodder sector needs to be strengthened.

171. The central govt. has approved hand driven chaff cutter machine & power driven chaff cutter machine in year 2014-15. In this scheme the department will distribute the machines to the farmers. Providing above both type of machine shall minimize loss of green and dry fodder & also improves palatability of fodder leads to increase productivity of animals as well as improving health. It also helps to increase farmers income. The central govt. has released Rs 12.1 lakh in power driven chaff cutter machine & Rs 39.27 in hand driven chaff cutter machine in year 2016-17.

Poultry Development:

172. Poultry includes fowl, ducks and other domestic birds. Total numbers of poultry in state of UP is 186.68 lac with the growth of 4.41%. In spite of large potential, state procures 1 crore eggs daily and 972 lac broiler chicks annually from other States.

173. In poultry sector, large & medium sizes of layer and broiler farm are owned mostly in private sector in the State. Near about 2192.85 million eggs are produced annually in the state. In the State, poultry sector is unorganized. No facility/plant is available for processing the poultry produce in the state. Although states have so many big and small broiler hatcheries but all are unorganized. State's produce are not able to fulfill the demand of egg & chicken meat in the state. So the eggs are imported from other states, like Andhra Pradesh, Haryana & Punjab. For backyard chick production, Department of Animal Husbandry running 12 parent hatchery cum production farm and one Quail farm.

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174. Implementation of U.P. Poultry Development policy is in progress. Therefore in year 2016-17, the department is producing 28.0 lakh eggs per day, generating 11640 self employment and investment amount Rs. 265.12 crore.

Goat Development:

175. Goat rearing is the main source of economy of the poor and weaker section of the society. Goats are reared mostly for meat purpose. There are 155.85 lakh goats in state. Goats are also reared for milk. Goat milk contributes nearly 5.19% of total milk production and is confined to specific region of the state. This milk is often used for home consumption and do not enter in the market in large quantity. Considerable biasness against sheep & goat exists as they are perceived as detrimental to eco-system. But studies on impact of sheep and goat on ecology indicate that sheep & goat do not pose any serious threat to eco-system. Sheep and goat rearing is having a great social and economic relevance in poverty alleviation of socio-economically weaker sections of the society. Department assures quality breeding services to goat farmers by providing Berberi breed of bucks at the veterinary hospitals. Natural breeding is under taken for propagating this stall fed breed.

176. The major challenges are shrinkage of pasture land, evaluation of the genetic potential and non availability of pedigree monitored and performance evaluated genetically superior breeder goats for future use. The goat policy has been under submission of State govt. in 2016-17.

Sheep & wool Development:

177. Sheep in the state are traditionally reared for meat & wool. Recently emphasis has been given to promote wool production. There are 153.30 lakh sheep population in state. The wool produced in the state is mostly of carpet type coarse wool and is not suitable for apparels. Efforts were made to improve wool quality through cross breeding but the results are not encouraging since climatic condition of the state is not quite congenial. So the emphasis shall be given on high meat producing and good quantity and quality carpet wool production. Sheep breed development in the state specially in Mirzapur, Varanasi & Allahabad, the Bikaneri breed (Nali, Magra, Chokla) of sheep shall be propagated with extensive health coverage & better management. It is well known fact that wool production alone cannot make sheep rearing profitable. Under NLM, GOI launched save our sheep scheme because the population of sheep is declining and therefore production of the wool is decreasing and it is affecting to carpet industry also.

Piggery Development

178. There are 13.3 lakh pig population in the state. Pigs are mostly reared by the socially and economically backward section of the society. In the state, piggery is unorganized and basically practiced on traditional subsistence pattern. In pig production market is a big problem. It needs market back up. Thus establishment of pork processing unit in corporate / private sector should be given due attention. Pig production received less attention in Plan development.

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Employment Generation

179. Paravets are rendering service of vaccination, castration and fodder development under the supervision of qualified veterinarians of the area. In 2016-17, 2400 paravets will be benefited under the scheme increasing artificial insemination from 80 lakh to 125 lakh by using pashu mitra.

180. To develop entrepreneurship in Animal Husbandry sector, various programmes has been taken up in 2013-14:-

Kamdhenu Yojna- Interest free loan for 100,50 and 25 cattle/buffalo unit generated 10020 self employment in year 2015-16.

Poultry Sector-with 10% bank interest subsidy with other assistance proposal for establishing 30000 bird capacity layer farm/ 10000 bird capacity commercial layer farms were established and generated 11640 self employment in year 2015-16.

Best Practices

181. U.P Govt. decided to launch establishment Kamdhenu, Mini Kamdhenu and Micro Kamdhenu units to ensure availability of high yielding animals to the farmers in their own state and enhancing milk production. In the first phase it was decided to establish 75 units of the Kamdhenu and 150 units of mini Kamdhenu in the state. Later on establishment of Micro Kamdhenu units has also been included. The targets to establish Kamdhenu, Mini Kamdhenu and Micro Kamdhenu units are as 300, 1500 and 2500 respectively. Upto 31-3-16, loans were sanctioned to 281 Kamdhenu units and 244 units of Kamdhenu become functional with the production of 165000 liter milk per day. 1312 units of Mini Kamdhenu become functional producing 490000 liters of milk per day in the state. Loans were sanctioned to 1357 micro kamdhenu & 510 units became functional, producing 64000 litres per day. Presently 7 lakh 19 thousand litres of extra milk is being produced per day from above schemes. Kamdhenu schemes have wide spread acceptability and farmers have adopted it with much enthusiasm. Extra investment of Rs 1439.00 crore has already been made in the State. Poultry development policy.

182. A huge gap in egg production and requirement and Broiler chicks availability existed in the state. As per study , in year 2012, there was inflow of 1 crore eggs daily and 10 crore Broiler chicks annually from other states. Therefore, with the view of removing this gap, self-sufficiency in poultry production ,development of entrepreneurship in Poultry sector and creation of investor friendly environment, Poultry policy- 2013 was framed by incorporating schemes of Establishment of Commercial layer Poultry units and Broiler Parent units and later on slightly change in policy after review of this scheme govt. has decided that the capacity of the farms with 30000 commercial layer to shift to 10000 commercial layer farms.

183. Upto 31-3-2016 in Commercial Layer Units (30000 birds capacity) scheme, 325 Latter of Comforts issued, loans sanctioned to 140 units and 104 units become functional with daily production of 28.08 lakh eggs extra in the state. This has reduced the inflow of 1 crore eggs daily to72 lakh eggs daily. Broiler Parents units are under the process of establishment.

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184. The govt. of UP has decided to bring 10000 birds capacity under commercial layer schemes. In this scheme 226 later of comfort issued & loans sanctioned 280 units therefore department can achieve the target easily.

185. These Poultry schemes have wide spread acceptability and farmers adopted it with much enthusiasm and Poultry entrepreneurs are coming in a big way for making investment in Poultry Sector in the State. Extra investment of Rs 265.12 crore has already been made in the State.

Strategy and Projects Proposed in Annual Plan 2016-17

Vision:

To increase Growth from 10 % to 14% in year 2016-17.

Economic, Nutritional Security & Health.

Maintenance of bio-diversity, environment & conservation

Skill up gradation and professional efficiency development of technical manpower.

Employment generation, rural transformation & poverty alleviation with entrepreneurship development in A.H. sector.

To provide the multipurpose AH activities to farmers at his door step quickly.

New schemes in year 2016-17

Veterinary Services & Animal Health Care –

Multipurpose mobile veterinary clinic

186. As per recommendation of state planning commission, the state govt has decided to provide the vehicles in 774 at block level. This is innovative scheme for which govt. has allocated 40 crores in financial year 2016-17. The main purpose of this scheme is to reach those animals which are living in remote areas far from departmental institutions.

Cattle development

Risk management and insurance- its main objective of the scheme are to provide financial security as the farmer are livestock owner will be compensated in the event of death of insured animal, dependency on agriculture will be lowered and improvement in rural economy will take place.

Scheme implemented under RKVY- Anna pratha eridication. This scheme is taken by the U.P. govt in his vikas agenda 16-17 for the Bundelkhand region.

Production of semen straw at Deep frozen semen Centre at Rehmankheda & Babugarh-- As per recommendation of state planning commission, the state govt. has been included above

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scheme for the purpose to produce 25-25 lakh semen straw in the state. The state govt. has been provided the budget Rs. 961.25lakh in revenue & Rs 1889.25 lakh in capital head.

Nos. of A.I. 78 lakh to 125 in cattle & buffaloe by the help of Pashumitra's-- The purpose of the scheme to strengthen the paravets by providing A.I. kits, cryo-Cans containers & incentive to paravets on progeny born basis. The state govt. has provided the budget of Rs. 2000.00 lakh.

Strengthening of gaushalas schemes- The proposal of scheme provided by U.P. gau seva aayog to the department. In this scheme there will be strengthening of four gaushalas. The state govt. has provided the budget of Rs. 516 lakh.

Additional fodder development -The State govt. has started additional fodder development programme and provided Rs. 200.00 lakh to arrange high breed seeds for fodder production.

Dairy Development

187. India with an estimated Milk production of 127.9 million MT during the 2011-12 and has the largest cattle population in the world. The Livestock contributes more than 22.2 per cent to the GDP in agriculture gross domestic product. With a network of around 1,44,246 village dairy co-operative societies clustered into 177 district milk unions, 346 districts and 22 state dairy federations, about 15.0 Million Farmers owning the Dairy Cooperatives in which about 4.0 Million were women folks and made India number one milk producing country leaving USA to second place. The top five milk producing nations in the world are India, USA, China, Russian Federation and Brazil.

188. Department of Dairy Development is functioning under the administrative control of the Milk Commissioner since 1976.The Dairy sector in the State with a network of 13369(2011-12) Dairy Cooperative Societies, 59 District Milk Unions and the Pradeshik Co-operative Dairy Federation (PCDF) at the State level are providing employment to 6.39 lacs in the 11th plan. Small & Marginal Farmers and Landless Agricultural laborers. The average daily milk procurement is 6.495 lacs kg/day (2011-12) and liquid milk sale is 3.74 laces liters per day(2011-12). The State is major supplier of liquid milk to Mother Dairy in the NMG.

Progress and Achievement of 11th Plan (‘figures in ‘000)

Particulars Functional Membership Milk Procurement Milk Sale(Years of Societies (Av. Kg/day) (Av. Ltr./day)

Operation) Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.

1. 2007-08 19.12 13.84 973.00 763.00 1283.00 930.00 1083.00 791.00

2. 2008-09 23.10 14.36 1181.00 646.00 1560.00 816.00 1360.00 716.00

3. 2009-10 27.07 13.47 1399.00 638.00 1552.00 596.00 695.00 412.00

4. 2010-11 32.04 12.58 1614.00 628.00 2141.00 642.00 765.00 408.00

5. 2011-12 35.01 13.37 1821.00 614.37 2423.00 649.52 841.00 374.01

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Constraints during 11th Plan

Inadequate budgetary support is the major reason for non-fulfillment of targets during the plan period.

Lack of proper/ sufficient infrastructure to move into new product / market areas.

Extension activities could not be carried out even in Procurement & Marketing activities in rural & urban areas.

Lack of Quality Raw material is also a negative factor to boost Dairy business. Stringent quality control measures could not be taken due to lack of infrastructure support in this field.

Limited product range restricted entry into new market.

12th Five Year Plan

Objectives

Emancipation of milk producers from the exploitation of middlemen by paying fair and remunerative price for their produce;

To help increase in milk production by providing technical input services at the doorstep of the producer ;

To make available good quality milk to urban consumers at reasonable price in major towns & cities in the State.

189. To achieve the main objective, the basic principles are :-

To strengthen and revitalise the existing dairy co-operative societies and organise new societies to ensure timely supply of required inputs for the producers and procurement of milk at remunerative price.

To build up adequate milk processing and marketing infrastructure.

190. The philosophy of the department for the XIIth plan are :

To instill a sense of confidence among milk producers by making the system transparent ;

To develop and strengthen cold chain system for the dairy sector which was initiated during XIth PLAN;

To strengthen the Milk & Milk Product Marketing by introducing new product range.

Strategy / Approaches of the Twelfth Plan :-

Strengthening the existing village dairy co-operatives & reorganise the potential societies.

To cover all societies with AMC units/DPMCU/MILKO TESTER to instill a sense of confidence among producers by making the system more transparent.

To bring 36% revenue villages under Milk Cooperative fold.

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To provide artificial insemination and animal health facilities at the door step of the milk producers.

To produce and make available green fodder, cattle feed and urea molasses lick block for milch animal.

To provide good quality milk and milk products to urban consumers at reasonable prices.

To increase the milk processing capacity to 25.0 LLPD , chilling capacity 15.0 LLPD and drying capacity to 80.0 MTPD.

Establishment of frozen semen centre.

Establishment of Cattle Feed Factory of 100 MTPD at Rae Bareli & Moradabad.

Specific Thrust Area :-

Marketing of Value added products like Flavoured Milk, Butter Chiplet , SMP/Dairy Whitener in flexi pouch, Milk in asceptivc pack etc.

Maintaining cold chain & covering New market areas.

Market development through intensive and extensive coverage under the consumers awareness programme.

Specific thrust in the market intervention operation with all its functional dimension.

Modernize Quality Control Laboratories in various districts and strengthen them wherever there is urgency by putting Milko Scans.

191. The Govt. of Uttar Pradesh provides financial assistance for upgradation/ modernization/setting up new dairy plants in cooperative sector and supports technical inputs & proper training to the milk producers for milk production enhancement. With the major restructuring steps taken by the State Government in 2015-16 to improve the scenario of the dairy sector in the state, all 59 milk unions has been reorganised to form 18 cluster unions with 15 Dairy Plants and remaining others reducing as chilling centers. As plant and machinery of the existing Dairy Plants have become obsolete and they are not in position to give optimum output in present competitive environment, the State Govt. is lending support in form of loan to upgrade/modernize/set up new Dairy Plants. The various schemes run by the State Govt. to promote Dairy Development are as under :-

Encouragement to Rural Milk Producers (Gokul Puraskar)- Under this scheme, a milk producer in a district with maximum milk production is given prize money & shield. It encourages other milk producers to increase their Milk Production by using good practices in feeding, breeding & management. A provision of Rs 0.2725 crore has been made under the scheme in financial year.

Rural Infrastructural Develoment – Under this scheme Milk Societies in villages are provided with Automatic Milk Collection Units to make the Milk Procurement System transparent. It immediately provides details of Milk procurement to a milk producer alongwith price of Milk Supplied to society..A provision of Rs 3.30 crore has been made under the scheme in financial year 2016-17.

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Information Technology – It helps to monitor Milk Procurement activities at the society level & also at the Dairy Plant level so that farmers get good prices of their produce. It also helps to monitor Milk Sale activity in cities. Specific software will also be developed to facilitate Dairy Activities. A provision Of Rs 0.50 crore has been made under the scheme in financial year 2016-17.

Milk Powder Plant at Kanpur :- A powder plant to process surplus milk in the state, is proposed to be setup at Kanpur in the dairy premises itself. The Powder plant at Central U.P. will process extra milk and convert it to Milk Powder. The amount proposed during the financial year 2016-17 is Rs 80.00 crores.

192. For establishment of 5 new Dairy Plants at Lucknow, Varanasi, Bareilly, Gorakhpur & Faizabad financed by RIDF/NABARD and Strengthening of 4 plants at Aligarh, Noida, Allahabad & Jhansi, a sum of Rs. 400.00 crore as Loan has been proposed in 2016-17 budget provision.

193. As per guidelines of RKVY a provision of Rs. 20.00 crores has been made as State share against projects sanctioned under RKVY–

Rs. 7.31 crore as State share against project sanctioned under NMPS (RKVY) for 2011-12 & 2012-13.

Rs. 1.675 crore as State share against potential surplus of amount sanctioned under RKVY in 2013-14 already approved by SLSC held on 30.10.2015.

Rs. 9.55 crore as State share against project sanctioned in 2015-16 by RKVY for modernization and upgradation of chilling centres/dairy plants, strengthening of labs, establishment of Mineral Mixture Plant at Meerut & installation of Eye mark sensor in Milk packing machines.

194. Revitalisation, Consolidation & Extension of Milk Unions/Societies – Under this scheme, new village level dairy societies are organized and closed dairy Societies are revived. Transport/Head Load subsidy is paid to Milk Unions wherever necessary. They also get working capital to maintain day to day business activities. Along with these, Milk Price due to Milk Producers at village level are also being given. The total provision made under the scheme in financial year 2016-17 is Rs 68.28 crores.

195. Technical Input programme to increase in Milk Production – In order to provide better quality milk to Milk Plants and thereby urban consumers, animals at the village level are treated for various diseases and also to develop better progeny. A provision Of Rs 7.20 crores has been made under the scheme in financial year 2016-17.

196. Training to farmers – Under this scheme rural milk producers are provided with training facilities to equip them in a better way for Milk Production activity. A provision of Rs 2.00 crores has been made under the scheme in financial year 2016-17.

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Fisheries

197. Fish is the most important global foodstuff enriched with high protein contents, minerals & vitamins and it is worldwide accepted due to high medicinal & nutritious value. It has got well recognition in our society as symbol of prosperity. Besides, Fish culture has also been an important source of employment since time immemorial. Today, approximately 60% of traditional fishers’ population extracts their livelihood from it. As a profession, it has tremendous scope as many more people change their feeding habit and enjoy fish delicacy day by day.

198. Uttar Pradesh. is one of the major landlocked states having the most densely population where rural people mostly suffering from malnutrition. State is bestowed with plenty of water bodies in the form of ponds, lakes, beels, oxbow lakes, reservoirs, canals, water logged areas and the rich Gangetic riverine system that offers immense potential for fresh water aqua-culture. The present level of fish production & productivity do not correspond to the actual potential of water resources and need to harness by adopting new technology and creating public awareness. About forty years back, some people started fish farming as hobby pertaining to fulfill their taste which result into poor fish production. The lack of awareness towards appropriate technical know-how made the situation unsatisfactory and offering less opportunity to explore the water resources for fish production at optimum level. However, the scenario has been gradually being changed with the advent of centrally sponsored district level Fish Formers Development Agencies (F.F.D.As.), which came into existence in the year 1982 and onwards.

199. The details of available water resources & their coverage in U.P. are given below.Fisheries and aquaculture resources in the state and status of their utilization:-

Resources Area (Lac.ha) Utilization (Lac.ha)AquacultureCommunity pond 1.61 0.70000Private ponds 0.12042 0.12000DOF 0.0138 0.01380Irrigation 0.02422 0.02422Local bodies 0.01564 0.01564Aquaculture Total 1.78408 0.87366FisheriesReservoir** 1.57 1.49Lakes 1.33 1.33Ox-bow lakes 0.51 0.51Water logged Areas 1.64 1.64Riverine wetlands 0.61 0.61River 25,000 km 25,000 kmCanal >45,000 km 45,000 kmFisheries Total 5.66*** 5.88

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Resources Area (Lac.ha) Utilization (Lac.ha)Grand Total 7.44408 6.45366

Note- Source of statistics from Departmental Vision Document- 2013

** Calculated on actual available area- 40% in case of small & medium reservoirs and 50% in case of large reservoirs i.e. Calculation on 68040 ha.

*** Excluding length of rivers and canals

Status of U.P. Fisheries among inland states

200. The total estimated inland fish production of U.P. at the end of year 2012-13 is approximately 4.50 lac mt. ton against total national inland production of about 63 lac metric tons. Uttar Pradesh stands third largest inland fish producer after West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.

* National Production 63 Lac M.T.States/UTs Inland Fish Production

(in lac tons based on 2012-13)1 Andhra Pradesh 13.942 West Bengal 13.383 Utter Pradesh 4.504 Bihar 4.005 Orissa 2.936. Assam 2.547 Other states 25.66

Priorities, Strategies and Moniterable targets of 12th plan

Priorities

Maximum utilization of water resources for fish production.

Enhancement in total fish production & productivity by dissemination & technology transfer.

Additional employment generation through aquaculture.

Promotion of integrated fish farming, fish processing & marketing to create additional income avenues.

Preservation of indigenous fish species through river ranching.

Improvement of socio-economic condition of down fishermen: Construction of Fishermen houses.

Provide accidental insurance to active fishermen from any accidental happenings.

To propagate awareness regarding the proper utilisation of natural water resources especially under ground water recharging.

Monitorable targets

An annual increase in fish production growth rate from 7.4%to13%.

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Enhancement in total annual fish production from 2.9 lakh tons to 4.30 lakh tons at the end of 11th five year plan.

Enhancement of fish productivity level from 2.8 tons/ha/yr to 4 tons ha/yr at the end of 11 th

five plan.

Allotment of lease of 4500 ha. of water area for fish production & construction of 500 ha. area of new private pondsyear.

Enhancement of fish seed production from 120 crores to about 170 crores.

Promotion of diversified aquaculture: Fresh water prawn culture & Ornamental fish production.

Construction of 1600 fishermen houses year.

Provide risk insurance to 1.93 lakhs active fishermen against any accident.

Strategies

Allotment of lease of ponds vested in rural areas through drives will be carried out so that many more water areas can be brought under fish culture.

Construction of new ponds in private sectors to be encouraged.

Active participation of private sector in fish seed production will be carried out.

48 Departmental fish farms will be made functional to produce additional quality fish seed.

Special emphasis will be given to impart training & extension/ transfer of technology, strengthening of markets & retail shops.

Strengthening of Fisheries cooperative sectors.

Strengthening of database, departmental laboratories as well as training centers.

Construction of fishermen houses and establishment of hand pumps.

Physical & Financial ProgressPhysical progress of 11th five year plan (2007-12) & Target proposed for 2016-17

Item Level at the end of 11th five year plan

Target proposed for

2016-17Target AchievementLease of ponds (ha) 8000 4114.29 4500Addl: Water area under fish culture (ha) 10000 5509 500Water logged area brought under fish culture (ha) 359.00 359.00 200Water area brought under cat fish/prawn culture(ha) 13 13 20

Establishment of mobile fish parlour (no) 05 05 10Insurance of fishermen beneficiaries (No) 120000 120000 2,00,000Fishermen Houses 444 287 750

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Training of fishermen (No) 3200 3242 -Fish seed production (Millions) 1500 1433.70 2000.0Fish production (Lac M.T.) 5.32 4.30 6.50Fish productivity (kg/ha/yr) 3800 3335 4500

Financial progress of 11th five year plan (2007-12) ( Rs. In lac)

Financial progress of Annual Plan (2015-16) :

(Rs. in lac)

Financial achievement of 2015-16 and outlay proposal for the year 2016-17Name of Scheme Budget/Expenditure of

2015-16 (Rs. in lac)Outlay

proposed for 2016-17 (Rs. in

lac)Budget Expenditure

1 a Fishermen Houses 2256.60 302.33 1000.002 Data base information networking 487.53 1.045 -3 Fish Farmers Development Agency 1000.00 531.124 150.004 Fishermen Insurance 20.27 19.56 20.275 NFDB 200.00 4.19 100.006 River ranching 2.00 1.985 0.507 Mobile fish parlor 16.50 16.50 16.508 Strengthening of Fish Farms 43.87 32.29 43.879 Development of water logged area 200.00 199.995 200.0010 Prawn Culture 10.00 10.00 10.00

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Year Outlay Budget Sanctions Expenditure

C.S. S.S. TOTAL

1 2007-08 1448.85 2044.51 1448.85 3493.36 1009.70 954.51

2 2008-09 1660.00 3583.34 1661.71 5245.05 628.47 625.06

3 2009-10 999.00 1100.29 1002.45 2102.74 618.90 612.77

4 2010-11 835.30 1189.93 888.92 2075.31 1053.96 1003.82

5 2011-12 923.99 1196.89 923.99 2120.88 1161.01 1145.51

TOTAL 5867.14 9114.96 5925.92 15037.34 4472.04 4341.67

YEAR OUTLAY BUDGET SANCTION EXPENDITURE

C.S. S.S. TOTAL

1 2015-16 1905.00 1520.28 2616.49 4136.77 1955.09 1119.03

11 Enhancement of productivity of fish ponds

- - 187.50

Total 4136.77 1119.03 1728.64

201. Since most of activity of Department of Fisheries are based on allotment of rural village ponds/tanks on lease, which is carried out with the help of Revenue Department. The revised target for the leasing of village ponds of 10000 ha. Are being allotted to the fisherman. For the year 2015-16 has been approved by the Hon' ble Revenue board in Feb 2016.

Detail of Schemes proposed in 2016-17 Plan

Centrally sponsored schemes

National Fisherman welfare (Fisherman Houses) –

202. This scheme is centrally sponsored in which central share contributes 50% fund. The main component of the scheme is to provide financial assistance for the construction of houses to the beneficiaries of fisherman community as for the Indira Awas Yojna for the active fishers living below poverty line. The unit cost of the house was Rs. 75,000/-. to the year 2014-15. About , 23,585 houses have been constructed to the year 2014-15. The State Govt. has decided to constructed Machua Avas as Lohia Avas and increased the unit cost of Machua Avas as 3.05 lac per avas. Which has Rs 37500/- central share and 267500/- state share.

Data base information networking for the fisheries sector –

203. This is a centrally sponsored scheme to collect, maintain and evaluate information about fisheries activities for the development of data base on computerized network for better utilization of information technology in this sector. All 75 districts & 18 regional and head office of fisheries department in the state will be covered under this scheme for the purpose. Central government will bear total expenditure (100%) of this programme. The total requirement of this scheme is Rs. 115-.82 lac for the year 2016-17. Since this scheme is 100% sponsored by GOI hence no out lay required.

Fish Farmers Development Agency –

204. This Scheme is centrally sponsored & the funding pattern of the scheme is 75:25 (75% Central share & 25% State share). The main component of the scheme are enovation of existing tanks, construction of new ponds in private sector and provision of first year input viz. Fish seed, Feed & Fertilizers etc & The unit cost for the above activities Rs. 75,000/-, Rs 3,00,000/- & 50,000/- per ha. respectively. As per administrative approval of GOI 20% subsidy is provided to the beneficiaries of general category and 25% subsidy admissible for the SC / ST categories. The total estimated financial requirement for the year 2016-17 is Rs. 600.00 lac against which an outlay of Rs. 150.00 lac is proposed as 25% state share.

Fishermen Accidental Insurance Scheme:

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205. This is a centrally sponsored scheme to protect life risk of active fishermen of unorganized & organized fishermen community engaged in fisherman activities. Presently insured amount of Rs. 2.00 lac in case of death & permanent disability and Rs. 1.00 lac for partial disability. Premium amount of Rs. 20.27 per annum is shared equally on 50:50 by central and state government. During the year 2015-16 1.93 lac fishermen has been covered under the scheme and for the year 2016-17 coverage of 2.00 lac fishermen are proposed, for which an outlay of Rs. 20.27 lac is proposed as 50% state share.

River ranching:

206. This scheme is centrally sponsored and the funding pattern is 75:25 (75% Central share & 25% State share). The main aim of this scheme is to protect the culturally species of Indian and exotic carps in the main rivers of the state, especially in Gangetic river system. Fingerlings size of IMC species of about 80 to 100 mm are to be stocked at different & restricted fishing zones of the rivers concerned. The Government of India has fixed a maximum fund limit of 2.00 lac per state under the scheme. This scheme is implemented in the state since 2008-09. Thus the financial requirement of the scheme is Rs. 2.00 lac for the year 2016-17 against which an outlay of Rs. 0.50 lac is proposed as 25% state share.

National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB):

207. This scheme is launched by National Fisheries Development Board under which 90% of the requirement of the fund will born by the board and only 10% share to be reimbursed by the state government to the board. The funding pattern is in revised as 60:40 ( 60% state & 40% NFDB share for the year 2015-16. The main component of the scheme are conducting training programme for fish farmers & department officials, establishment of the demonstration site, second dose fish culture input Assistance for the establishment. Development of tanks, reservoirs and after water bodies and Setting up new Hatcheries in private sector. The establishment of 18 Mini fish seed hatcheries (one each in divisions) is proposed for the year 2016-17 hence an outlay of Rs. 100.00 lac is proposed as 60% state share.

Mobile Fish Parlor

208. This is a state sector scheme for the establishment of mobile fish parlor in major cities of the state. The unit cost of this scheme is about Rs. 5.5 lac against which 30% subsidy will be provided as incentive and rest 70% cost will be borne by the beneficiary as bank loan or by his own resources. The main aim of the scheme is to made available properly dressed and cooked fish product on reasonable rates in hygienic condition. An outlay of Rs. 16.50 lac is proposed for year 2016-17 for the establishment 10 Mobile fish Parlor.

Development of water logged area:

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209. This is a state sector scheme launched since 2008-09 for the development of unutilized water logged area for fish culture. The unit cost of the scheme is Rs. 1.25 lac/ha against which 80% to 90% subsidy is provided to the beneficiaries of General & SC/ST categories respectively and the rest 20% to 10% will be born by the beneficiaries by their own resources & through bank loan. The physical target of about 200.00 ha of water logged area to be developed during the year 2016-17 for which an outlay of Rs. 200.00 lac is proposed.

Prawn Culture:

210. This is a state sector scheme to facilitate prawn culture in the inland waters of the state. This innovative scheme is implemented since 2010-11 in the state. The unit cost of the scheme is Rs. 50,000/- per 0.5 ha of water area, for the cost of seed & feed against which 50% subsidy is to be provided to the beneficiaries and rest 50% will be borne by the beneficiaries from their own resources. Accordingly an outlay of Rs. 10.00 lac is proposed for the year 2016-17 for the coverage 20 ha of water area.

Fish Seed Production at Govt. Fish Farm.

211. During 2015-16 a new SND under state plan was approved for the production of quality fish seed at different Govt. fish farms Total of Rs 43.87 lakh was allocated in the year 2015-16. About 37 fish farm strengthened with a expenditure of Rs 32.29 lakh during the year about 509.00 lakh fish fingerlings were produced from these Govt. farms and department earn Rs. 55.04 lakh through the supply of fingerling seed to the farmers. Under the scheme Rs 43.87 lakh is sanctioned in the year 2016-17.

Capacity development of fish pond through establishment of Nurseries.

212. A new SND under state plan is approved in the year 2016-17 for the capacity development of fish pond through establishment of nurseries in 10% area of the pond. Under this scheme 50% subsidy will be provided to the fish farmers and remaining 50% of amount will be borne by the beneficiary as bank loan or by his own resources. In the year 2016-17 Rs. 187.50 lakh is sanctioned for the scheme.

FOREST

213. Forests play an important role in economic development and ecological stability. Forests provide numerous services such as environmental and ecological stability necessary for human sustenance. Forests are inevitable on earth for well being of humanity. They are not just the green cover we need to make the earth look beautiful; they have many functions integral for our survival and subsistence. They function as a resource for many aspects of human life.With the development of civilization, large areas have been cleared to make way for farm, mines, towns and roads.

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214. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State of India. Its northern part adjoins with Nepal & Shiwalik. The boundaries of Uttar Pradesh touch Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan in the West, Madhya Pradesh in the South and Bihar in the East.

215. Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is surrounded with Shiwalik mountain range of Himalays in the North. The river Yamuna and the Vindhyan in the west and Gandak river in the east.

216. The State has typical variety of soil, which is deep brown, loamy in certain places, and mixed with sand. The soil is acidic, shallow and contains gravels and stones. The western plains have fertile soil. Down the Pilibhit, some parts of soil are acidic while rests contain alkaline properties.

217. Uttar Pradesh has forest and tree cover of 21505 sq. km, which is 8.93% of its geographical area. The existing flora in Uttar Pradesh can be classified into three categories-

Wet tropical desiduous forests.

Dry tropical desiduous forests.

Tropical throny forests.

Statistical Profile

Forest and tree cover Area in Sq.Km.

1 States geographical area 240 928

2 Recorded forest area 16582

3 Forest cover 14461

4 Tree cover 7044

5 Forest and tree cover 21505

6 Forest and tree cover against geographical area 8.93%Source: State forest report 2015, published by forest survey of India.

Change in Forest Cover Area in Sq.Km.

Geogr-aphical area

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005Forest cover

% of geograp-hical area

Forest cover

% of geograp-hical area

Forest cover

% of geographical area

Forest cover

% of geogr-aphical area

Forest cover

% of geogra-phical area

240928 10751 4.46 10756 4.46 13746 5.71 14118 5.86 14127 5.86

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Area in Sq.Km.2009 2011 2013 2015

Forest cover

% of geographical area

Forest cover

% of geog- raphic-al area

Forest cover

% of geographical area

Forest cover

% of geographical area

14341 5.95 14338 5.95 14349 5.96 14461 6.00Source: State of Forests Report published by forest survey of India.

Position of Forestry and wildlife sector as compared to India:- (Sq. km.)

Item India U.P.

1 Geographical Area 3287263 2409282 Recorded Forest Area 764566 16582a Reserved Forest 424985 12071b Protected Forest 209440 1157c Unclassed Forest 130141 3354

► Percentage Recorded Forest Area 23.26% 6.88%3 Forest Cover 701673 14461a Very Dense 85904 2195b Moderately Dense 315374 4060c Open Forest 300395 8206

► Percentage of Forest Cover 21.34% 6.00%4 Tree Cover 92572 7044► Tree Cover % 2.82% 2.92%5 Total Forest and Tree Cover 794245 21505► Percentage of Forest and Tree Cover 24.16% 8.93%

State of Forest Report 2015, Published by Forest Survey of India.

Twelfth Five Year Plan (Rs. in crore)Plan Period Expenditure Expenditure

in NAPState Share

Central Share

Total

1 Annual Plan 2012-13 165.86 11.52 0 20.532 Annual plan 2013-14 243.95 11.84 255.79 21.763 Annual plan 2014-15 297.61 27.60 325.21 *4 Annual plan 2015-16(Anticipated) 346.31 14.45 360.76 *5 Annual Plan 2016-17(Proposed) 700.70 23.45 724.15

*NAP is being implemented through budget from 2014-15.

Physical Achievement:-

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218. The Status of plantation raised in the previous years is as below: (Area in Ha.)

Plan Period AreaTarget Achievement

1 Annual Plan 2007-08 16808 185452 Annual Plan 2008-09 28993 453983 Annual Plan 2009-10 28749 290184 Annual Plan 2010-11* 26366 120915 Annual Plan 2011-12* 14347 14423

TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 115263 119475XIIth Five Year Plan

1 Annual Plan 2012-13 4455 43442 Annual Plan 2013-14 15934 159893 Annual Plan 2014-15 3620 37304 Annual Plan 2015-16 (Anticipated) 4760 4730

* Note-Target of plantation achieved through dubtailing of funds from MnREGA.

In Other Schemes (Area in Ha.)

Plan Period AreaTarget Achievement

1 Annual Plan 2007-08 33192 286412 Annual Plan 2008-09 26007 490293 Annual Plan 2009-10 37935 515794 Annual Plan 2010-11 28634 674215 Annual Plan 2011-12 41253 75524

TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 167021 272194XIIth Five Year Plan

1 Annual Plan 2012-13 40545 475402 Annual Plan 2013-14 33566 411093 Annual Plan 2014-15 45962 387094 Annual Plan 2015-16 43588 48922

Total Plantation (In Plan and Other Schemes):- (Area in Ha.)

Plan Period Area

Target Achievement

1 Annual Plan 2007-08 50000 47186

2 Annual Plan 2008-09 55000 94427

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3 Annual Plan 2009-10* 66684 80597

4 Annual Plan 2010-11 55000 79512

5 Annual Plan 2011-12 55600 89947

TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 282284 391669

XIIth Five Year Plan

1 Annual Plan 2012-13 45000 51884

2 Annual plan 2013-14 49500 57098

3 Annual plan 2014-15 49582 42439

4 Annual plan 2015-16 48348 53652

5 Target-Annual plan 2016-17 76923 -

* Including special plantation drive in Bundelkhand and Vindhyan Region.

Employment generation.

219. The employment generated by the forest department in different plan period in plan schemes is as follows.

(Man days in lakh No.)S.N. Plan Period Target Achievement

XI Five Year Plan 1 Annual Plan 2007-08 51.96 125.102 Annual Plan 2008-09 51.96 145.013 Annual Plan 2009-10 100.00 113.384 Annual Plan 2010-11 34.40 42.535 Annual Plan 2011-12 34.40 43.90

TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 272.72 469.92XIIth Five Year Plan

1 Annual Plan 2012-13 43.90 43.902 Annual Plan 2013-14 45.00 52.003 Annual Plan 2014-15 50.00 58.304 Annual Plan 2015-16 50.00 54.305 Target-Annual Plan 2016-17 50.00 -

Status of Utilization of Funds received from Govt. of India during 2015-16 (Rs. in lakhs)

Name of Scheme Central Share

Released/ Revalidated

ExpenditureCentral Share

State Share

Total

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1 Intensification of Forest Management 156.38 156.24 104.16 260.402 Project Tiger 637.41 570.43 508.26 1078.69

3 Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats 266.20 230.91 204.15 435.06

4 Project Elephant 16.00 9.88 6.58 16.46

5 National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-System 142.16 142.16 134.49 276.65

6 National Afforestation Programme 347.14 256.00 170.67 426.677 National Bamboo Mission 149.83 146.83 1.69 148.52

Total:- 1715.12 1512.45 1130.00 2642.45

National Afforestation Programme (FDA)

220. In order to ensure people's participation in afforestation activity, National Afforestation Programme is being implemented through forest development agencies. In Uttar Pradesh, total 72 FDAs have been constituted at Forest Division level. As per new guid lines of GOI, State Forest Development Agency, Uttar Pradesh has been constituted. GOI releases funds to SFDA for distribution to different FDAs. The programme is being implemented through Joint

221. Forest Management Committees set up under joint forest management rules. Funds recieved from GOI and expenditure in different year is as below:

(Rs. in lakhs) Year Received From GOI Expenditure2007-08 4107.52 2900.072008-09 3079.65 4251.252009-10 3019.80 3138.152010-11 2133.04 1885.062011-12 2622.82 2388.01TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 14962.83 14562.54XIIth Five Year Plan2012-13 1551.24 2053.412013-14 2014.62 2175.882014-15 1199.99 1199.992015-16(Expenditure Tentative) 347.40 347.40

National Bamboo Mission Project in Uttar Pradesh

222. Uttar Pradesh is situated towards North-East of the country. Total Geographical area of Uttar Pradesh is 2,40,920 Sq Km. Total area including tree and forest cover of the State is 21,505 Sq.Km., which amounts to 8.93% of the geographical area of Uttar Pradesh (According to state of forest report, 2015). In the Vindhyan and Bundelkhand region Bamboo Forests exists in mixed forms, covering an area of 1,40,000 ha which includes natural and planted bamboo and they are managed under the provisions laid

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down in Bamboo Working Circle. There are vast possibilities to increase the area of Bamboo Forests. Under the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India established National Bamboo Mission in December 2006.

223. In Uttar Pradesh the National Bamboo Mission project implementation began in the year 2007-08. National Bamboo Mission has selected the following species which are suitable for planting in forest as well as non-forest areas of Uttar Pradesh. The species are :-

Bambusa bambos

Bambusa balcoa

Dendrocalamus strictus

Dendrocalamus hamiltonii

Dendrocalamus asper

Dendrocalamus gaigentious

Bambusa nutans

Bambusa tundla

Bambusa vulgaris

Melakana bessifera

Project Areas

224. The Bamboo project is being implemented in the non- forest as well as forest areas of 36 forests divisions of Uttar Pradesh. Which are as follows:-

Mirzapur, Renukoot, Obra, Sonebhadra, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Chitrakoot, Bareilly, Rampur, Pilibhit, Pilibhit Social forestry, Shahjehanpur, Sitapur, Barabanki, Raebareli, Pratapgarh, Allahabad, Jaunpur, Varanasi, Ballia, Shiwalik (Saharanpur), Kashi wildlife (Chandauli) , Fatehpur, Hamirpur, Banda, Muzzaffarnagar, Bijnaur, Nazibabad, North & South Kheri, Bahraich, Gorakhpur, Sohagibarwa wildlife (Maharajganj), Azamgarh, Jhansi, Jalaun (Orai).

Components of the project

Centralized nurseries in public and private sectors.

Kisan /Mahila nurseries in public and private sectors.

Tissue culture units in public and private sectors.

Bamboo plantation in forest and non-forest areas.

Improvement of existing stock.

Training of farmers within and outside state, field functionaries.

Exposure visit of farmers/stakeholders/field functionaries in other States.

Demonstration of technology.

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Workshops/seminars at State and district levels.

Pest and disease management.

Micro irrigation.

Post-harvest storage and treatment facilities & common facilities center.

Participation in domestic/international trade fairs.

Wholesale/retail bamboo markets near villages, bamboo

bazaars and retails outlets.

Database generation and management besides office expenses.

Contingencies.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA)

225. This act is an important step towards the realization of the right to work. It is also expected to enhance people's livelihoods on a sustained basis, by developing the ecomic and social infrastructure in rural areas. The purpose of the scheme is to give effect to the legal guarantee of work by providing at least 100 days of guarnateed employment to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled mannual work subject to conditions of this act. Forest department has been utilising MNAREGA funds since 2007-08 mainly for planting activity in different districts.

226. MNREGA has given people, the latgest economic resource in our country, some amount of work, and plenty of dignity. It was enabled to them to fight many battles including a system of operation where they have no choice but to do forced labour and indignity of having to beg for the survival. The unemployed or becoming workers and it has empowered ordaniry worker to question and demand answers from the local power structure. Plantation has converted wasteland in to productive plots through MNAREGA works in Uttar Pradesh. Funds received from MNREGA for afforestation and Soil and Water Conservation

Financial: (Rs. in lakh)

Year AmountFund released Expenditure

2007-08 3220.00 2740.562008-09 10576.03 8304.322009-10 16771.00 14304.372010-11 23467.62 21726.432011-12 22504.03 20740.23TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 76538.68 67815.91XIIth Five Year Plan

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2012-13 26100.00 6950.032013-14 14732.50 5949.47 2014-15 7006.88 5772.50 2015-16 10237.53 6800.49 Target( 2016-17) 14700.00 -

Physical (In ha.)

Year PlantationTarget Achievements

2007-08 2776 24872008-09 35056 340352009-10 31136 336462010-11 37189 375672011-12 20721 20466TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 126878 128201XIth Five Year Plan2012-13 7350 85612013-14 5580 55802014-15 4301 43012015-16 15000 13790 Target 2016-17 13200 -

Progress of XIth Plan & Anual Plan 2016-17:

227. Scheme wise financial progress during year 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17 are being enclosed as enclosure-1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Scheme wise Plantation target and achievement of plan schemes during year 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16 are being enclosed as enclosure-6, 7, 8 and 9 respectively.

Forest Policy and Strategy for increasing Forest and Tree cover:

Forest Policy:

228. Basic objective of National Forest Policy-1988 is to maintain environmental stability, to check soil erosion and to increase forest/tree cover. National Forest Policy envisages 33% of the land to be brought under forest and tree cover. The forest and tree cover at national level at present is approximately 24.16% whereas for UP the same figure is 8.93.

As per guidelines of Govt. of India:

229. This stupendous task could not be performed in the given time frame beacause of a number of limiting factors. However,under the circumustance of pressing constraints it is proposed to increse forest and tree cover to 20% by 2019-20

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Strategy of State for afforestation:

230. In order to accomplish the above mentioned target, the state is endeavoring for massive afforestation programme wherin people's participation is going to play a major role.

231. The increase in tree and forest cover hinges at land availabilty in the state, which is as follows.

AVAILABILITY OF LAND FOR AFFORESTATION:Types of Land Area (Ha.) % of State

geographical areaGeographical area of Uttar Pradesh 24092800 -Usar and non agricultural land 457200 1.90Waste Land 419900 1.74Permanent Pasture, and land covered with bushes 416100 1.7375% of Existing Fallow and other Fallow (1705400 Ha.) 1279050 5.31Total Available land 26665050 10.68Existing Forest and Tree Cover (as per State Forest Report 2015) 2150500 8.93Total Forest and Tree Cover to be achieved 4722750 19.60 or say 20%

232. Future Strategy for afforestation to the targeted limit would involve the following components.

People are Envolvement for massive afforestation.

Resource mobilization.

Soil and moisture Conservation in forest area.

Grassland management along with trees.

Capacity building of staff.

Strengthening of Forest Awareness Centre.

Forest Certification and Sustainability.

Forest Resource Survey.

233. In view of the land available for plantations in Uttar Pradesh increase in forest and tree cover can achieved upto 20% only.

Role of private sector.

234. To increase the tree cover in the State, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh has issued instruction regarding the plantation on private land with the consent of the owner of the land in Public Private Partnership mode. The instruction has been issued by the letter no Van Anubhag-5 No. 446/14-5-2008-23/08, dated 05-05-2008. In this scheme plantation will be done by U.P. Forest Deptt. With the financial assistance of U.P. Forest Corporation. Under the scheme, the tree plantation is done on the land of farmers. There is provision of dividing the net income 50-50% between the land owner and forest department.

Level of Achievement in XIIth five year plan.Position during XIth five year plan.

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S.N. Year Plantation in ha. Total Area (in ha.)Forest

DepartmentOther Departments

1 2007-08 47186 909 480952 2008-09 94427 843 952703 2009-10 80597 15764 963624 2010-11 66013 13499 795125 2011-12 74182 15765 89947TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 362405 46781 409185XIIth Five Year Plan1 2012-13 51884 14836 667202 2013-14 57097 21801 788983 2014-15 42439 17363 598024 2015-16(Tentative) 53652 29041 826935 Target 2016-17 76923 15385 92308

Forestry Sector:

Strength:

The natural forests of the state support flora and fauna and thus protect diverse forms of bio-diversity.

Participatory approach has been followed in management of forests after the state accepted JFM as a tool of development. Department has well trained staff. Research and training institutes are established.

Joint Forest Management (JFM) a joint venture of local communities in planting and Management of Forest Resources has been successfully carried out in Uttar Pradesh.

Constraints & Problems:

235. Lower priority sector owing to ignorance and negligence. Poverty, pollution & population pressure (human & animals). Widening demand & supply gap, market imperfection and subsistence level dependence of local communities on forest. Forests are very much affected by fire, encroachment and illicit felling. U.P. Forests are under intense biotic pressure due to increased population.

Wild-life Conservation:

236. One National Park and 25 Wild Life Sanctuaries are situated in the State of U.P. The development of these protected areas is primarily done through the three Centrally Sponsored Schemes namely “Project Tiger”, Project Elephant” and “Integrated Development of wild life Habitats.” For the conservation and development of wetlands “National Plan For Conservation of Aquetic Eco-System” is being implemented with financial support of Government of India”.

237. The objectives of wildlife Conservation is protection of wild life and improvement of habitat.

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Proposal for Annual Plan 2016-17

238. For Annual plan 2016-17 outlay proposed(As per budget provision) for Forest Department is as below:-

(Rs. in Lakh)Sector Outlay allocated

1. E.A.P. 3527.202. Centrally Sponsored Schemes 4054.983. Funding from NABARD/RIDF 2000.004. Other Schemes 62833.09

Total:- 72415.27

Innovative Ideas

Development of Green Belt in every district:

239. This project is being implemented in 75 districts of the state with a view to inhance green belt in Uttar Pradesh in which 8-12 feet plant will be planted in every district and 3 to 4 sites will be developed as a Green Belt.

Development of Tourism through existing forest resources:

240. Various activites for Eco-tourism development in Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary, Kannauj and Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary, Unnao is being done and eco-friendly facilities are being created to tourist coming from all over India and abroad.

Conservation bio-diversity:

241. Conservation of biodiversity is related to biological resources and with the maintenance of ecological stability and productivity. Conservation involves number of parameters such as number of species, their population, dynamics, distribution, habitat and climate and microhabitat physical environment.

Public Private Partnership:

242. The community participation has become a certainly for massive afforestation for which the involvement of people, creation sustainable institutions, awareness and the role if private Institutions/voluntary organizations is an essential component. This is an integral part of Forest Development Agency and some other schemes.

243. Status of various nurseries estabileshed during 2014-15 upto 31-03-2015 is as under:Types of nurseries Total Numbers of nurseries

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established1 Departmental 11012 School 13 Kisan 1194 Private 696

Total:- 1917

Important Schemes

During-2012-13

Renovation of Forest Rest Houses and internal roads of Dudhwa National Park: Effort has been made for conservation, protection and security of wildlife in Uttar Pradesh. Renovation and repairing work of roads and rest houses of Dudhwa National Park at Lakhimpur Kheri is being made in this scheme. This scheme will help in giving new dimension to Eco-tourism in Uttar Pradesh.

Veer Abdul Hameed Forest, Wildlife & Paryavaran Sanrakshan Puraskar Yojna: This award will be given for excellent contribution in the field of forest, wildlife and environment conservation. The work to be considered for prize is given below:

Conservation of natural resources.

Logistic use of natural resources.

Environmental planning and management.

Excellent fieldwork done for improvement of environment.

Wildlife Conservation.

Establishment of Lion Safari Park in Etawah district: Lion Safari Park at Etawah is being implemented with a view to improve habitat for lion and to inhance eco-tourism in U.P.

Eco-tourism development in Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary, Kannauj and Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary, Unnao: Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary, Kannauj and Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary, Unnao are precious and important tourism place for eco-tourism point of view. Under this scheme, high profile utility and eco-friendly facilities would be created.

Eco tourism development in Uttar Pradesh: Dudhwa National Park is a reputed and renowned park in Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh Government has proposed to develop high-class infrastructure by renovation and repairing work of roads and rest houses of Dudhwa National Park at Lakhimpur Kheri. This scheme will be unique in giving in new dimension and momentum to eco-tourism in Uttar Pradesh.

Bio-Diversity Centre, Kukrail Forest Block, Lucknow: A Bio-Diversity Park is being established to create awareness, passion and humanity towords Wildlife and vast diversity in Uttar Pradesh

During-2013-14

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Modernisation of Kanpur Zoo & Establishment of new child train:- Esablishement of child train and modernization works is being done in Kanpur Zoo at Kanpur.

Modernisation of Lucknow Zoo & Establishment of new train in place of old child train:-Modernisation of Lucknow Zoo is being done under this scheme.

Development of Green Belt in every district of Uttar Pradesh:-This scheme is being implemented in all district of Uttar Pradesh to enhance greenary in Uttar Pradesh.

Van vandobast yojna:-Survey and Demarcation activities are being done under this scheme and is being implemented in Agra, Firozabad, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrakoot, Hardoi, Kheri, Unnau and Chandauli.

Van Mahotsav Yojna:-This scheme is being implemented in all districts of Uttar Pradesh. This will surely create a sensitvity and awareness towards wildlife.

Nursery Management Plan for Development of 8'-12' feet plants in Forest Nurseries :-In this scheme 8'-12' high plants are being prepared and maintain in forest nurseries for plantation in rainy season.

Development of Taj Nature Walk:-Renovation of Taj Forest colony, Taj rest house, D.F.O. residence and other construction work is being done under this scheme.

Management of Wildlife outside protected area:-Wildlife protection and development of its natural habit is being done to minimize wildlife and human conflict.

Wild life consevation at Amritpur/Raghupur village of Etah district (New Scheme)-This scheme is being implemented for conservation of wild life at Amritpur Raghupur of Etah district.

uring-2014-15

Total Forest Cover Scheme-Total Forest Cover Scheme is being implemented from 2014-15 to increase total greenary in districts-Mainpuri, Etawah, Lucknow, Unnao, Kannauj and Badaun in Uttar Pradesh.This Scheme is proposed to extend to district Agra,Mathura, Firozabad, Rampur, Faizabad, Azamgarh, Lalitpur and chitrkoot after some time.

Vanavaran Samvardhan Pariyojana-To increas Forest Cover in Degraded Forest and Open Forest of districts (Agra, Aligarh, Merut, Saharanpur, Muradabad, Jhansi, Banda, Kanpur Nagara, Lucknow. Faizabad, Gonda, Varanasi, Mirzapur, Allahabad, Gorakhpur, Basti and Azamgarh) of Uttar Pradesh, A Plantation scheme is being implemented with financial assitance of NABARD.

Saman Bird Sanctuary Projet at Mainpuri District- This scheme is being launched from 2014-15 for compensation of land rquisited at Saman Bird Sanctuary.

Construction of R.C.C.drain for eradication of overflow of dirty water in Kanpur Zoo-This scheme is to be launched from 2014-15 for eradication of overflow of dirty water in Kanpur Zoo.

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During-2015-16

Plantation Along Road Sides of Lucknow -Agra Express Way(New Scheme)-This scheme is being launched for plantation along both side of road.UPIDA(Uttar Pradesh Expressways Industrial Development Authority) has informed that plantation activities has to be done by the road contractor.Fund allocated to this scheme has been trasferred to Green Belt Plantation Scheme.

Elephant Transit Camp/Rescue Centre(New Scheme)- This Scheme is to be implemented for establishment of rescue centre at Etawah from the year 2015-16

Establishment of Safari Park for Other Wild Life at Etawah district(New Scheme)- It is proposed to establishment of Safari Park for development of other wild life like Woulf,Beer,deer etc in the area covered by Lion Safari Park.

During-2016-17

244. Uttar Pradesh Govt. has decided to implement 18 new schemes of forestry and eco-tourism importance from year 2016-17-

Butterfly Park will be developed in Navab Vazid Ali Shah Zoo and Kanpur Zoo, Kanpur for conservation and protection of butterfly and to create awareness about butterfly among common people.

To create awareness about birds and their activities, habitat of Uttar Pradesh and migration habits of foreign birds among local people and students, Bird Festival will be organised in first weak of Dcember in every year.

It is proposed to construct/build transit hostel and rennovation of residential and non-residential buildings situated in Dudhawa Tigar Reserve.

Peacock Conservation Centre will be established for the conservation of national bird bird peacock at Brindavan in district of Mathura.

To create interests in management of forests and wild life among common people and to educate tourists and students about management of forests and wild life ,Jungle lodges and Resort society will be organised.

Achary Narendra Deo Memorial Park will be established at Elasia Grunt Forest lanf in Sitapur district.

Conservation of Musabagh Forest Area and development of forest rest houses will be done.

Lucknow zoo will be developed and improved situated at Hannovar in Germany.

Shekha lake, aligarh will be developed as a National Bird Sanctuaryfor conservation of birds and improvement of their natural habitats.

Proper arraangements of water supply will be made in Sandi bird sanctuary(Hardoi),Lakh Bahosi bird sanctuary(Kanauj)and Chandra Shekhar Azad bird sanctuary, Nababganj (Unnao). Forest rest house will be constructed/built at Sandi bird sanctuary(Hardoi)

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Eco-development and infrastructure development will be done at various wetlands of Uttar Pradesh.

Van Chetana Kendra and boundry wall will be built at Sehda Reserve Forest in Azamagarh district.

Wildlife training centre will be established to impart training about conservation of wildlife to officers & employees of forest and wildlife deptt.and representatives of NGOs and students.

Renovation of residences of Nawabganj bird sanctuary forest colony will be done.

Plantation scheme funded by GoI

National Afforestation Programme(GOI share 60% and State share 40%):

245. National Afforestation Programme funded by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India is being implemented through Forest Development Agency. The broad objectives of the scheme are as below:-

Ecological restoration & Environmental Conservation and Eco-development.

Fulfillment of broader objectivities of productivity, equity and sustainability for general need of the community.

To provide regular employment to the poor people of Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe communities.

To create community assets for the development which can help in eco-development?

To involve the village folk in planning & management of forest.

National Bamboo Mission(GOI share 60% and State share 40%):246. To achieve the goals of this mission the following objectives has been set by the National Bamboo Mission:-

Improvement and Development of existing bamboo forests.

Plantation of advanced species of bamboo in forest and non-forest areas.

To establish the nurseries of bamboo in private sectors.

To increase the coverage of area under bamboo in potential

areas, with suitable species to enhance yields.

To promote marketing of bamboo and bamboo based products including handicrafts.

To establish convergence and synergy among stakeholders for the development of bamboo.

To improve economic level and generate employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled poor people especially unemployed youths.

Other Schemes funded by GoI

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Intensification of Forest Management (GOI share 60% and State share 40%): This scheme is being implemented for intensive management of forests. The component of the scheme are:

i. Forest fire control.

ii. Infrastructure development

iii. Working plan preparation.

Project Tiger (non recurring GOI share 60% and State share 40%+recurring GOI share 50% and State share 50%): This scheme is being implemented for the development of natural habitats of tiger in Uttar Pradesh. The important activities of the project are as below:

i. Antipoaching initiatives.

ii. Strenghtening infrastructure with tiger reserves.

iii. Habitat improvement and water development.

iv. Addressing man-animal conflicts.

v. Co-existence agenda in buffer/fringe areas with landscape approach.

Project Elephant (GOI share 60% and State share 40%): This scheme is being implemented only for elephant reserve declared by Ministry of Forest and Environment, GOI. The financial support from GOI is for protection and conservation of natural habitat of elephant, control of wildlife offence, checking of man-wildanimal conflicts, creation of awarness among local people etc under the scheme.

National Plan For Conservation of Aquetic Eco-System (GOI share 50% and State share 50%):This scheme is being implemented under the wet land conservation progrmme of Ministry of Forests and Environment, GOI. The main objective of this scheme is given as under:

Protection of protected and non-protected wet land.

Improvement of natural habitats.

Treatment of catchment area.

Participatory management and monitoring.

Integrated Development of Wild Life Habitats (GOI share 60% and State share 40%): This scheme is bing implemented for development and management of 24 bird sanctuaries and animal parks situated in Uttar Pradesh. Main objective of project is to conserve the wild life and improve the wildlife habitat.

Linkages and Co-ordination with other Sectors.

247. Forest has close linkage with various land use departments.

Forestry and Industry:-

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248. The Industries has a linkage with the forestry as raw material for wood based industries are made available from existing forests and plantations of species of industrial importance.

Forestry and Agriculture/Horticulture:-

249. By way of plantation and soil conservation measures the quality of land under the control of this department can be improved.

Forestry and Animal Husbandry:-

250. At present, to feed the large number of cattle is a huge task. If the degraded forestland is put under fodder production, this will supplement the fodder production.

Forestry and Tourism:-

251. The tourism department has a strong linkage with forestry and wild life parks, sanctuaries can be developed in the State in turn will boost the prospects of tourism.

Forestry and Irrigation:-

252. The forestry activities especially the agro forestry can only be practiced when there is sufficient amount of irrigation facility. Thus there is a back ward linkage with irrigation department. Agro-forestry can be practices in these areas there is surety of irrigation.

Forestry and Gram Panchayats:-

253. It is proposed to establish a nursery in each Gram Panchayats of all districts of U.P. So that requirements of plants for plantation be fulfilled from nearly Panchayats.

U.P. Forest Corporation

254. Extraction of timber and minor forest produce is being done by U.P. Forest Corporation. Collection of Tendu leaves is one of the major activities of this corporation. Forest Corporation pays royalty for the forest produce extracted from the forest of the State Government.

U.P. Forest Corporation Progress upto 2015-16

Item Unit ProductionAchievement Achievement Target

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16Timber Cubic Metre 378370 343228 292908Fuel Wood Cubic Metre (Chatta Volume) 28670 35653 27186Bamboo Codi 58486 35080 79000Tendu Leaf Standard Bag 202717 158760 149564Bhabhar Grass Mtr ton 32.30 31.10 32.00Sale Rs. in lakh 40631.21 45166.15 42647.95

Revenue collection

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255. Forests are conserved and developed for environmental conservation. They are not treated as main source of revenue generation. Realization of royalty from U.P. Forest Corporation and some other means of revenue like, transport permit etc. generates revenue. Revenue from all sources collected during IXth to XIth Five year Plan is given below:-

(Rs.in Lakh)Plan Period Revenue CollectedIXth Five Year Plan 57852.02Xth Five Year Plan 54752.29XIth Five Year Plan 139401.00

256. Target and achievement of revenue collection for XIth Five Year Plan and target achievement for 2012-13 to 2015-16 are given below:-

(Rs.in Lakh)Plan Period Target Revenue CollectedAnnual Plan 2007-08 18411 29099Annual Plan 2008-09 25896 26484Annual Plan 2009-10 30020 27290Annual Plan 2010-11 31500 28032Annual Plan 2011-12 33255 28496TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 139082 139401

Annual Plan 2012-13 35253 33131Annual Plan 2013-14 35393 35508Annual Plan 2014-15 39797 41292Annual Plan 2015-16(Tentative) 42259 56589

CO-OPERATIVE

257. Cooperatives play a vital role to develop socio-economic condition of the people through democratic way with limited resources. Presently activities of cooperatives are limited in the following fields:-

Short term & Long term credit to the farmers.

Providing inputs (Fertilizers, seeds, pesticides etc.) to the farmers through. PACS and other cooperatives.

Purchase of wheat & paddy under price support scheme.

Integrated cooperative development programme (I.C.D.P.)

Cooperative Education & Training programme.

Vision

To strengthen and make viable all cooperatives to achieve their objectives.

Goals Increase ST loans from 3900 cr. to 7200 cr.

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Increase LT loan from 900 cr. to 1800 cr.

Increase Fertilizer distribution from 35.47 lac MT to 40.73 lac MT.

Increase seed distribution from 7.33 lac qtl to 9.20 lac qtl.

Enhance warehousing capacity from 22.15 lac MT to 29.24 lac MT.

Interest Subvention for crop loan to farmer at low rate of interest through Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society (PACS)

258. In the aforementioned scheme farmers of the state are provided crop loan through PACS, at low rate of interest @ of 7%. Mostly 60 to 65% of crop loan disbursed to farmers is outstanding on them for on average period of 6 to 7 months. Timely recovery of loan is also between 60 to 65 %. Now, Interest Subvention of 3.70% is available on crop loan disbursed at the rate of 7%, in which the share of State Government and GOI is approximately 2.90% and 0.80 % respectively. Since interest is no calculated on the basis of loan amount disbursed but on the basis of loan amount outstanding (Actual number of days amount outstanding on farmers), as such the effective rate of 3.70% interest subvention is 2.25% approximately (1.90 % State Government of 0.35% pertains to GOI). There can be an increase or decrease of 10 to 15% based on loan amount outstanding or effect of amount recovered.

259. Govt. of India is providing interest subvention @ 3% to the prompt payee farmers. In addition to govt. of India State Govt. is also providing additional interest subvention to aforesaid category of farmers @ 1%. As such prompt payee farmers are provide crop loan @ of 3%.

Assistance for establishment cost for Haapur, Shamli and Sambhal District

260. New districts namely Haapur, Shamli and Sambhal were created. For the smooth running of departmental activities, and supervision of schemes different type of posts as well as establishing an office in the District head quarter is required for which an outlay in tune of ₨52.50 lac as recurring and non-recurring expenditure will be needed in year 2016-17

Ram Manohar Lohiya Sahkari Purskar Yojana

261. To motivate Cooperative Institutions to yield better performances, increase profitability and prove their utility for general people, performance based Sahkari Puraskar Yojana was launched first time in year 2008-09 and a budget of Rs. 25.23 Lac was sanctioned under this scheme . Three primary cooperative societies in each District and three central level societies in each district as well as three Apex level societies form the State will be selected for prize on the basis of their performance for the year 2008-09.

262. Prize distribution process has been started and award of Apex level societies has been distributed while central and primary level societies are being selected and prize will be distributed to the selected

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societies at an appropriate date fixed by the competent authority concerned. This scheme has been much appreciated, therefore it is decided to continue this scheme in the coming years.

Integrated Cooperative Development Project (ICDP)

It is a NCDC sponsored assistance programme to strengthen the cooperative movement. Under this programme cooperative societies are provided financial assistance in the form of loan and share capital to strengthen their infrastructure & business capacity.

Financial assistance is provided by state government mostly in the shape of loan and share capital as per funding pattern approved by N.C.D.C. N.C.D.C. provides 70% loan to the state government and 20% as Subsidy. Rest 10% is provided in the shape of subsidy to meet managerial cost of project implementation team, monitoring cell and for providing training to the office bearers and member of cooperative societies. Which is equally funded by state govt. and N.C.D.C, in ratio of 50:50.

NCDC provides loan to the state Govt. and contribute 50% of the total subsidy cost which is used for meeting managerial cost of project implementation team. Monitoring cell and for human resource development of the members office bearers staff of the cooperative societies .

Thirty seven districts have already been covered under I.C.D.P. Scheme. In, Allahabad , Kausambi ,AmbedkarNagar, Jalon, Hamirpur Mahoba districts, I.C.D.P. projects are in progress. 2016-17 .

Major and Medium Irrigation

263. The economy of Uttar Pradesh is primarily an agriculture based with about approximately 80% of total geographical area as agriculture land. In view of fast growing Population there is need of more agricultural production, for which it is required to bring more agricultural area under irrigation fast. Besides it the demand of water for industrial and drinking purpose is increasing. With a view of water management Major, Medium & Minor Irrigation Projects are being constructed using natural water resources. At present, there are approximately 74659.57 Kms of canals, 28 Major & Medium lift canals, 249 Minor Lift Canals, 69 Reservoirs/Bundhis and 32047 running state tube wells.

264. Uttar Pradesh has been divided into 4 economic zones for development work, 1-Bundelkhand zone, 2. Eastern zone, 3- Central zone, 4- Western zone.

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265. Every economic zone is different from each other due to economic, environmental and population criteria. The Irrigation Potential created upto Xth Plan is 120.73 Lakh ha. During XIth Plan 4.20 Lakh ha. Potential has been created. Hence the total Potential created upto XIth Plan is 124.93 Lakh ha. In XII year plan upto year 2015-2016 total Potential Created is 127.31 lakh ha.

Discharge Observations and Inflow

266. The quantum of surface water available for irrigation in the state assessed from above

observations will be much lower than the above figure of 145.10 MAF, as provision to be made for share of water of other states by way of u/s and d/s demands and obligations. The state share will be about 99.06 MAF only. In addition about 32 MAF water are being harnessed by u/s project in operations. Thus the total surface water resource which can be developed by state including Uttarakhand is about 131 MAF. The Uttarakhand share of surface water is about 4.80 MAF. Thus the net water available for irrigation is about 126.20 MAF for state share.

Ground Water Resources in the State

1. Total available ground water 68.12 MAF

2.Un utilized water 6.81 MAF

3.Utilizable water resource 61.31MAF

4. Share of Uttar Pradesh 56.93 MAF

5. Reserved water for drinking 8.52 MAF

6. Water available for irrigation 48.42 MAF

7. Water utilized in irrigation 36.82 MAF

8. Balance for future irrigation 11.60 MAF (MAF- Million acre feet)

267. The total surface water which can be exploited by state is about126.20 MAF. It is estimated that out the total surface water available only 71.20 MAF can be utilised for Irrigation purpose as 20 MAF shall have to earmark for drinking, ecology and industrial uses. Out of this 67.40 MAF of water has to be utilised through Major and medium Irrigation projects including the reservoirs and multipurpose projects located in Uttarakhand state and 3.80 MAF through minor surface scheme.

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Name of River Discharge observation site Annual inflow(MAF)

12345

GangaGandakGhaghraSoneGomti

VaranasiValmiki NagarTurtiparChopanNaighat

54.4926.7550.599.274.00

Total 145.10

Progress 268. 61.15 MAF of surface water has been utilized through ongoing and completed Major and medium Irrigation projects up to XI Five Year Plan. Out of remaining 6.25 MAF of surface water 1.75 MAF water is proposed to be utilized through Major and medium Irrigation projects during XII Five Year Plan. Total 121.54 Lakh Ha. Potential can be created through Major and medium Irrigation projects and 6.28 Lakh Ha. Through minor Irrigation Projects i.e. total 128.36 Lakh Ha.Irrigation Potential can be created through available 71.20 MAF of surface water.

Irrigation Potential through Major and Medium Irrigation Projects ( Lakh Ha.)Item Pot.

Created1 Potential created by the end of X plan 83.192 Likely creation during XI plan (2007-2012) 2.18

Total (1+2) 85.373(a)(b)

Potential to be created through ongoing major and medium projects in XII plan.Balance potential of ongoing projects after XII plan

8.01-

Total- 3 8.01Potential Total (1+2+3) 93.38

4 (a)(b)

Potential to be created through new identified schemes in XII Plan Potential to be created through new identified schemes in U.P. in XIII and Subsequent Plan

0.4814.48

Total- 4 14.96Total (1+2+3+4) 108.34

5 To be created through schemes located in Uttarakhand. 13.20Total (1+2+3+4+5 ) 121.54

269. 85.38 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential through Major and medium Irrigation projects and 39.55 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential through minor Irrigation Projects i.e. total 124.93 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential been created by the end of XI Plan.

270. To provide Irrigation facilities to unirrigated areas of the state a target of Irrigation Potential creation was fixed as 1170.13 Th.Ha. through Major and medium Irrigation projects with an outlay of Rs.13506.92 crore during XI Five Year Plan. But due to non availability of required funds only 218.58 Th. Ha. Irrigation Potential could be created. The projects which could not be completed during XI Plan will be completed in XII Plan.

XII Five Year Plan271. Ongoing Projects in XII Five Year Plan.e.g. Bansagar Projects, Saryu Canal Project, Madhya Ganga Canal Stage-II, Kachnauda Dam, Arjun Sahyak, Lahchura Dam, Kanhar Irrigation Scheme, Lower Rohani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Bhaurat Dam etc. are proposed to be completed. During this plan period new proposed projects e.g. ViratSagar Dam, Panchnad Dam, Sukhanai Barrage, Bhagen Dam, Dhurwara Dam, Bhawani Dam, Hanthanikund Link channel stage-II, ShardaShayak stage-II are also proposed to be completed.

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272. A new project, Kanhar Irrigation project has been sent to Central Government for funding under A.I.B.P., which is proposed to be completed during XII Plan, after sanctioning by C.W.C.

273. Similarly Nabard funded ongoing projects in which main projects like, Lower Roiani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Raj Ghat canal stage-II, I/C of Bhupaoli Pump canal, Restoration Ch.Ch. Singh Yamuna pump canal, Remodelling of Gyanpur pump canal, Restoration of Sone pump canal, Restoration of Dalmau-B pump canal, Restoration of Chillimal pump canal are proposed to be completed with-in time and new projects like Bandai dam(Proposed under NABARD) and Bhawani dam(Sanctioned under NABARD) are proposed to be completed during XII Five Year Plan after sanctioning under NABARD.

274. Thus, during XII Plan potential creation of 8.49 Lakh Ha. is likely to be created by completing nearly 25 Irrigation projects. By completing these projects Irrigation facilities will be developed in new Khaki areas.

275. Ongoing capacity Restoration projects, e.g. Restoration of Hardoi Branch, Restoration of ShardaShayak, Increasing capacity of Bhupaoli Pump canal, Yamuna Pump Canal, Gyanpur Pump Canal, SonPump Canal,Dalmau-B Pump Canal, Chillimal Pump Canal,Tanda Pump Canal, Upper Ganga Canal, Restoration of Azamgarh and Shahganj Branch, Dohrighat Pump Canal,Deokali Pump Canal, Zamania Pump Canal, Saryu Pump Canal,Kwano Pump Canal etc. are proposed to be completed during XII Plan. By completing all these projects Potential Restoration of 1558.88 Th.Ha. will be done. This will minimize the gap between potential creation and its utilization.

U.P. Water Sector Restructuring Project

276. Some of Irrigation systems are very old. Their performance efficiency has continuously deterioted due to reduction in their conveyance, deferred maintenance and non existence of modern management tools. Besides, modernization of canals system, modern discharge measurement equipments, modernization of regulation gates etc. have not been taken up. The main objective of U.P. water sector restructuring project is modernization of canal system and also to promote automation works as in other parts of the world.

277. Project Report & Implementation Plan of U.P. water sector Restructuring Project Stage –II has been prepared for above works. Appox. cost of the project is Rs.3500.00 crore . The benefitted districts in this project are as under:-

Ghaghra-Gomti Basin-Barabanki, Raibareli and C.SJM.Nagar.

Bundelkhand Region-Lalitpur.The development work proposed in 7.35 Lakh ha. Area of Ken canal system, birma sub basin,Barua dam canal system, Jamini dam canal system.

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Under Lower Ganga Canal System- Firozabad, Kasganj, Mainpuri, Farukhabad, Eta, Etawah, Kannauj, Auraiya, Kanpur Dehat, Kanpur city, Fatehpur and Kaushambi.

Strategy to Remove Technical, Organizational, Financial Hurdles

278. It takes lot of time to sanction schemes under AIBP. Project are framed on the basis of existing schedule of Rate where as it takes lots of time to start works after getting project sanctioned. It is required to reduce time taken sanction of project also it is required to get funds allotted in time. The provision to take up new projects only on completion of one ongoing project may be relaxed. For new schemes to be taken up under AIBP Condition of advance stage of project be relaxed. Funds not released in current year should be released in subsequent year. At least 50% grant should be given under AIBP projects and the first installment be released in April/May. Process of land Acquisition be simplified, so that projects may not get delayed.

Irrigation Potential Creation and its utilization

279. Up to March, 2016 Irrigation Potential created through major & medium and minor Irrigation projects is 127.31 Lakh ha., where as actual Irrigation recorded in the Year 2011-12 is 79.40 Lakh ha. Thus there is gap of 47.91 Lakh ha. In Irrigation potential created and utilized. Some of the important reasons for under utilization and actual irrigation are given below-

Some of the major canal system of the state like UpperGangaCanal, EasternYamunaCanal, AgraCanal, LowerGangaCanal, Gandak Canal System, SardaCanal and Belan Canal System are approximately 60 to 100 year old. Because of inadequate maintenance, for want of sufficient O & M grants, these systems have deteriorated considerable. The actual irrigation on these systems is therefore going down.\

The cropping pattern as envisaged in the original project is not being adopted in the field. This is resulting in unequitable water consumption in tail portion of canals. The actual cropping pattern is different from that adopted in the project report as such the consumption of utilization of the irrigation potential is not realistic. More water consuming crops are adopted especially in head reaches, the command area in tail reaches are deprived of their due share of irrigation.

Out of 60 main dams in the state, 10 dams are 50 years old and have been distressed with different reasons. Due to this the storage capacity of the reservoirs are being reduced causes less availability of water in canals which adversely affect the irrigation.

The efficiently of electric motors is being reduced due to using for a long period in major pump canals. The electric motors can not run continuously due to the electric supply is not stable for 24 hours with required voltage.

In some cases the system were originally designed for protective irrigation, where as now a days adoption of high yielding variety of seeds require more water depths resulting in reduction in irrigated area. Changes in land use pattern have also resulted in command areas and consequently the irrigated area has also got reduced.

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Deterioration in Socio-economic and law and order in the state have complete disrupted the system of equitable distribution of water through canals. The distributaries and minors are cut by the farmers, unauthorized outlets and bunds are fixed in smaller channel resulting in drawl of more water and also wastage of water in upper reaches rendering the tail reaches completely dry.

It is being observed that additional irrigation potential created through on going major and medium irrigation projects. But guls are not constructed by CADA (Command Area Development Authority) in time simultaneous with creation of potential. Thus there is a gap in new potential created and its utilization.

The irrigation projects are planned on 75% dependability of designed irrigation supplies. Thus it is in built that for 25% of the period(in one hundred sequence) the water requirement for full irrigation potential will not be met and even if designed cropping pattern are followed these will be a lag in potential unutilized irrespective of the extent of field channels.

At some times it happens that due to unavoidable circumstances water supply and industrial requirement have to be made on priority basis from irrigation schemes and these causes curtailment in irrigation supplies and results in reduced irrigated area.

Water conservation through lining of canals

280. Surface water in the canals of the state is Limited. Most of the storage dam sites on rivers, are in Nepal. Construction of such reservoirs, not possible without consent of Nepal. So due to limited availability of water in canals of the state it is important to save water for further use. For this in the first stage Rs.300.00 crore has been proposed for lining of 60 km. Canals, Schemes of water conservation through lining of canals will also continue in the subsequent years.

Remedies to reduce regional imbalance

281. To reduce regional imbalance 20 projects of Eastern region,20 projects in Bundelkhand Region, 2 Projects in Central region and 9 projects Western Region have been proposed of which main projects are as follows:-

Eastern Region

282. In this region Bansagar project ,Saryu canal, I/c of Bhopauli pump canal Restoration of Sardasahayak project, Sone pump canal, Azamgarh & Shahganj branch, Tanda pump canal, Dohrighat pump canal, Deokali pump canal, Zamania pump canal, Tons pump canal, Saryu pump canal and Kwano pump canals are in progress. Kanhar Irrigation scheme and Restoration of Gandak canal system are proposed for funding under AIBP.

Bundelkhand region

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283. In this region Kachnauda dam,, Arjun Sahyak project, Lahchura Dam, Lower Rohani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Bhaurat Dam, are in progress. Viratsagardam, Panchand dam, Ken Betwa link project, Sukhnai Barrage, Baghendam, Dhurawaradam, Bandai dam, Bhawani dam are proposed. Restoration of Chillimal pump canal and Augasi pump canal which are in progress, are proposed to be completed during XII Plan. Various small schemes are proposed under Bundelkhand package.

Central Region

284. In this region 2 projects namely Restoration of Dalmau-B pump canal and Restoration of Hardoi branch are proposed to be completed during XII Plan .

Western Region

285. In this region Madhya Ganga canal stage-II, Badaun Irrigation scheme, Panchand dam, new Jasrana canal project, Mod. Of Agra canal stage-II, HathniKund Link channel stage-II, Restoration of Lower Ganga canal, raising and restoration of right bank of upper Ganga canal from km.30.00 to 165.00 parallel Hindan cut projects have been proposed to be completed during XII Plan .

Participation of Private Sector

286. For participation of private sector in Irrigation projects “Participatory water management set, has been prepared, as per water user Associations are registered at Kabala level Association which will be culpable to run this canals with designed discharge. In second stage operation and maintenance works will be transferred to water user Associations will be also responsible for water tariff and revenue collection.

Conservation and balance of Environment

287. The main projects of Irrigation Department which are sent to Central water commission for sanction, have to pass the criteria of conservation and balance of environment. So, in Irrigation projects Environment balance is kept in mind.

Gomti River Front Development Work

288. The Project will span across 8.1 km from harding Bridge to Gomti Barrage. Gomti River front can hope to see a much cleaner and greener river bank developed on an International Pattern .

289. The State government has made the irrigation department the nodal agency to revive the river in three ways. There will be extensive cleaning of the riverbed and water flow will be regulated throgh river channelization . beside, the surrounding will be made beautiful, there will be walking plazas, cycling and jogging track and ghats, alone the banks. The department is aiming to complete all three project on the 8.1 km. stretch by 2016-17.

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290. Riverfront beautificatiion includes landscaping, devlopment of park, ghat, construction of cycling and fogging pathways, creation of childern's ply area, lawns, sports filds, tonga track and deploying boating facility on the river. Jal Nigam and LMC have been asked to ensure that no sewage flows into the river directy from drains ( NALA). All draian need to be tapped and diverted to a sewage treatment plant before flowing into the river.

291. The intial project cost was Rs. 747.49 Crore on 2014-15 but after revision the project cost become 1731.28 Crore in Year2016-17

292. The Fund alloction and Expditure on Gomti River front devolopment as given below.

Financial Year Fund allocation Expenditure

2014-2015 Rs.80 Crore Rs.80 crore

2015-2016 Rs.500 Crore Rs.500 crore

Total Rs. 580 Crore Rs.580 Crore

Minor Irrigation

State Minor Irrigation

293. Under the state minor irrigation, State tube wells are the assured means of irrigation in areas where construction of gravity canals is not feasible and in areas left out of command of such canals. Tube wells may also be used for conjunctive use of surface and ground water to increase intensity of cropping and productivity of different crops. Construction of tube wells take short gestation period, provide quick irrigation facilities to area under their command. As per policy of the state government, state tube wells are constructed in the areas mostly belonging to SC/ST, minority community and marginal farmers who are not capable of developing their own source of irrigation. State Minor Irrigation works can be broadly classified as follows:-

(a) State Tube wells

(b) Minor Lift Canals

(c) Other Minor Irrigation works such as Bundies, Check Dams, Small bandhs.

Present Status of creation of Irrigation Potential:

294. The total irrigation potential created in the state through State Minor Irrigation works in the pre-plan period was 4.82 lacs hectares. The state continued to lay stress on developing the irrigation potential through State Minor Irrigation works during different Plan periods. As a result, the irrigation potential through State Minor Irrigation works increased from 4.82 lacs hectares to 39.55 lacs hectares at the end of Twelfth Five Year Plan. Thus during the plan periods i.e. up to Twelfth Five Year Plan, Irrigation potential by State Minor Irrigation works has been increased considerably .

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Creation of Irrigation Potential in Twelfth Plan:

295. Against the proposed outlay of Rs 2812.50 Crores for Twelfth Five Year Plan, 2.29 lac hectares creation of irrigation potential has been proposed.

Restoration of Irrigation Potential in Twelfth Plan:

296. In the above proposed outlay, the thrust is being given on the restoration of existing infrastructure of State Minor Irrigation works. In view of the above, priority is being given to improve/modernize the existing distribution system on State tube wells, reconstruction of failed state tube wells, renovation of derelict guls of state tube wells and replacement of worn out equipments on the tube wells. Accordingly projects are being sanctioned by NABARD/State for the restoration of existing irrigation systems. In the Twelfth Five Year Plan 3.04 lac hectares of restoration of irrigation potential shall be achieved.

Present Status of State Minor Irrigation Works:

The state tube wells are the means of providing assured and round the year irrigation in their command areas. In the pre plan period 2343 State tube wells were energized, since then construction of state tube wells in all districts of plains in the state has been carried out at a steady pace. As on 1.4.2015, 32047 Nos. of state tube wells having C.C.A. of 28.52 lacs hectares are in operation.

249 Minor Lift Pump Canals are also in operation in the state besides state tube wells. The total capacity of these canals is 3994.50 Cusecs having C.C.A. of 1.77 lacs hectares against which about 1.40 lacs hectare of irrigation is being achieved.

Gap between creation and actual utilisation of irrigation potential:

State Tubewells:

297. The performance of state tube wells is not up to that level which is proposed in projects due to the following reasons:-

Non availability of qualitative power.

Depleted condition of distribution system..

Most of the equipments installed on state tube wells have completed their normal life.

Lack/insufficient man power.

Small lift pump canals:

298. About 60% of the C.C.A of small lift pump canals is being irrigated at present. The main reasons for non utilization of irrigation potential of lift pump canals are as given below:-

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Availability of power is not as per the desired norms.

The Distribution system of these canals require strengthening.

Pumping system and related equipments require replacement.

Status of Ground water development :

299. There is still a lot of scope of Ground Water exploration in the state. However the level of Ground Water Development is not the same throughout in the state. It is therefore necessary that the ground water development should be carefully planned and ground water recharge should be strengthened. Artificial recharge projects are also required to be given priority such as check dams, small bandhs, bandhis, roof top rain water harvesting schemes and storing water of gravity flow canals, which is being passed through drains.

Conjunctive use of Water Resources:

300. It is time now that serious thinking is to be given for the conjunctive use of surface and ground water resources for optimum benefits on the basin wise or sub basin wise schemes. There are conflicting demands of water resources by its various users. The highest priority is required to be given to drinking water followed by irrigation and industry. Therefore, it has become necessary that the allocation of water resources to various users is done on the basis of their future assessments. The coordination between various users of water regarding exchange of basic data, pilot studies research & development, training, sustainable management of ground water etc. is all the more necessary. The state has recently constituted a “State Water Resources Regulatory Authority" which will play a key role in this matter.

Strategy for Twelfth Five Year Plan ( 2012-2017)

301. During Twelfth Five Year Plan an outlay of Rs. 2812.50 Crores has been proposed for completion of different irrigation schemes.

Creation of 2.38 lacs hectares of irrigation potential has been proposed.

Emphasis has been given to restoration of already created irrigation potential during twelfth plan. Restoration of 3.57 lacs hectares of irrigation potential has been proposed.

To increase the coverage under irrigation, restoration and up gradation of already created assets have been proposed to be completed during twelfth Plan.

Schemes have been proposed almost in all regions of the State specially in backward areas to reduce regional imbalances.

During Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17) balance 14 nos. ongoing projects have been completed. Besides this 7 nos. new projects have been proposed to be included in Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17) and are likely to be completed during the Plan period.

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Completed projects –

Reconstruction of 550 Nos New State Tube wells under Manyavar Kashi Ram Nalkoop Pariyojona (R.I.D.F-16)

Construction of 750 Nos New State Tube wells under Manyavar Kashi Ram Nalkoop Pariyojona (R.I.D.F-16)

Modernization of Distribution System and Replacement of worn out Equipment 6800 State Tube wells under Manyavar Kashi Ram Nalkoop Pariyojona (R.I.D.F-16)

Construction of Kothighat Pump Canal (40cusecs) (R.I.D.F-14)

Construction of Tudiar Pump Canal (30cusecs) (R.I.D.F-15)

Construction of Jogapur Pump Canal (45 cusecs)

Construction of Basuhari Pump Canal (5cusecs), are likey to be completed by the end of Year 2016-17

Construction of 3000 New tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tube well Construction Project

Reconstruction/modernisation of 1054 state tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Project

Modernization of 8000 State Tube wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube well Mordernisation Projects

Construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal

Construction of Saugai Pump Canal

Increasing Capacity of Chhatrapur Pump Canal

Modernisation & Capacity enhancement of Balua Pump Canal

On going projects-

Construction of Deum Pump Canal (40cusecs) (Funded by NABARD)

Construction of Adasad New Pump Canal (50cusecs) (Funded by NABARD)

Construction of Chari New Pump Canal (50cusecs) (Funded by NABARD)

Construction of Dhuriyaghat Pump Canal (20cusecs) (Funded by NABARD)

Brick Lining on 12 Small Lift Pump Canals (Funded by NABARD)

Modernization of 6000 State tube wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia project

Construction of 11 nos solar powered state tube wells (Funded by NABARD)

New projects-

Construction of 2000 New tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tube well Project

Solar energy operated construction of state tube wells and pump canals project (Funded by NABARD)

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Modernization of Bhikkalawala Pump Canal

Construction of Jangal chudiya Pump Canal

Construction of Dharsada Pump Canal

Construction of Mudiladih Pump Canal

Construction of Kavalpura Pump Canal

302. The Schemewise details for Annual Plan 2016-17:-

Ongoing projects –

A-Surface Water

New Small Lift Irrigation Projects

303. Construction of Mahadeur,Pump Canal at Gadai River : Total cost of Rs. 25.5947 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Mahadeur Pump Canal at Gadai River in District Chandauli. An Irrigation potential of 968 hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project in year 2016-17.An expenditure of Rs 22.195 crore was incurred up to the year 2015-16. An ouutlay of Rs 3.3997 crores is proposed during year 2016-17.

304. Renovation of Kundakala,Pump Canal ;- Renovation of Kundakala Pump Canal, in District Chandauli is completed . during year 2015-16 with cost of Rs. 14.9737 Crores. An Irrigation potential of 0.28 thousand hectares has been created while 0.363 thousand hectares has been restored.

305. Construction of Independent Feeder at Karmanasa River Pump Canals : Construction Independent Feeder, at Karmanasa River Pump Canals, in District Chandauli.is completed . during year 2015-16 with cost of Rs. 11.4157 Crores. An Irrigation potential of 1.061 thousand hectares has been created while 4.673 thousand hectares has been restored.

306. Modernization & Capacity Enhancement of Balua Pump Canal from 50 cusec to 100 cusec) : Modernization & Capacity Enhancement of Balua Pump Canal (50 to 100 cusec) in District Chandauli with cost of Rs. 14.0037 Crores has been completed during year 2015-16. An Irrigation potential of 2.05 thousand hectares has been created.

307. Modernistion of Minor Lift Pump Canals : An expenditure of Rs 8.00 crore was incurred and 1.18 thousand hectares irrigation potential restored during year 2015-16. An outlay of Rs 18.00 crore is proposed for restoration of 1.43 thousand hectares irrigation potential during year 2016-17.

308. Construction of Basuari Pump Canal (5cusecs) : A sum of Rs. 4.50 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Basuari Pump Canal,having capacity 05 cusecs, in District Kaushambi. An Irrigation potential of 0.168 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project. An

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expenditure of Rs 2.31 crore was incurred during year 2011-12. An expenditure of Rs 0.5912 crore was

incurred during year 2012-13 .

309. Construction of Saugai Pump Canal (10 cusecs) : Construction of Saugai Pump Canal,with capacity 10 cusecs in District Chandauli with cost of Rs. 4.19 Crores has been completed during year 2014-15. An Irrigation potential of 0.272 thousand hectares has been created.

310. Construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal 50 Cusec (Funded by NABARD) : Construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal,having 50 cusec capacity is situated in district Knpur Nagar with cost of Rs. 20.14 Crores has been completed during year 2014-15. An Irrigation potential of 1.936 thousand hectares has been created.

311. Inceasing Capacity of Chhatrapur Pump Canal(FundedBy Nabard) : Increasing the capacity of this minor lift pump canal(5 cuec to 10 cusec). Canal situated in district Banda with cost of Rs. 0.3666 Crores has been completed during year 2014-15. An Irrigation potential of 150 hectares of irrigation potential has been created.

312. Modernization of Balua Pump Canal ( 50 cusec) : Modernization of Balua Pump Canal (50 cusec) in District Chandauli with cost of Rs. 4.2175 Crores has been completed during year 2014-15. An Irrigation potential of 2.05 thousand hectares has been created.

313. Construction of Deum Pump Canal (40cusecs) (Funded by NABARD) : Total cost of Rs. 18.0953 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Deum Pump Canal having capacity 40 cusecs, in District Pratapgarh. An Irrigation potential of 1.30 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.

314. Construction of Adasad New Pump Canal (50cusecs) (Funded by NABARD) : Total cost of Rs. 38.0016 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Adasd Pump Canal, capacity 50 cusecs, in District Chandauli. An Irrigation potential of 2.679 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.

315. Construction of Chari New Pump Canal (50cusecs) (Funded by NABARD): Total cost of Rs. 33.4170 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Chri New Pump Canal, capacity 50 cusecs, in District Chandauli. An Irrigation potential of 2.347 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.

316. Construction of Dhuriyaghat New Pump Canal (20cusecs) (Funded by NABARD) : Total cost of Rs. 13.9324 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Dhuriyaghat Pump Canal,capacity 20 cusecs, in District Mirjapur. An Irrigation potential of 2.04 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.

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317. Brick Lining on 12 Small Lift Pump Canals (Funded by NABARD) : Total cost of Rs. 13.0721Crores has been proposed for the construction of Brick Lining on 12 Small Lift Pump Canals in District Chandauli & Varanasi.

318. Construction of 33 K.V.A Independent Feeder Project (Funded by NABARD) Total cost of Rs. 10.7494 Crores has been proposed for the construction of 33 K.V.A Independent Feeder Project in District Gajipur.

Ground Water Schemes

Construction of 5000 new state tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia state tube well construction projects (Funded by NABARD )

319. Construction of 5000 New State Tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tube well Construction Projects each of 1 .0 cusec capacity during the Twlefth Plan creating 250.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential have been proposed. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. and it will be completed in year 2016-17.

Construction of 3000 New State Tube Wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube Well Construction Projects (Funded by NABARD )

320. The cost of Rs 701.4037 Crores is funded by Nabard for construction of 2976 New State Tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tube well Construction Projects each of 1 .0 cusec capacity during the Twlefth Plan creating 148.80 th. hectares of irrigation potential. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. and it is completed in year 2015-16.

Construction Of 2000 New State Tube Wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube Well Construction Projects (Funded by NABARD )

321. The cost of Rs 573.1056 Crores is funded by Nabard for construction of 2000 New State Tube wells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tube well Construction Projects each of 1 .0 cusec capacity during the Twlefth Plan creating 100.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. and it will completed in year 2016-17.

Modernization Of 1054 Failed State Tube Wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube Well Reconstruction Projects (Funded by NABARD )

322. The Cost of Rs. 239.2438 crores is financed by Nabard for reconstruction/ modernisation of 1054 Failed State Tube wells under Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube well Reconstruction Project during

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Twlefth plan completed in year 2015-16. About 52.70 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential has been restored.

Modernization Of 14000 State Tube Wells

323. An outlay of Rs. 530.7655 crores is financed by Nabard for modernization of 14000 State Tube wells Project during Twelfth plan. About 280.00 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential is likely to be restored.

Modernization Of 8000 State Tube Wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube Well Modernisation Projects (Funded by NABARD)

324. The Cost of Rs. 287.3587 crores is financed by Nabard for modernization of 8000 State Tube wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube well Mordernisation Projects during Twelfth plan completed in year 2015-16.. About 160.00 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential has been restored.

Modernization Of 6000 State Tube Wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube Well Modernisation Projects (Funded by NABARD)

325. The Cost of Rs. 243.4068 crores is financed by Nabard for modernization of 6000 State Tube wells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tube well Mordernization Projects during Twelfth plan.

About 44.90 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential is likely to be restored.

Construction Of New State Tube Wells 326. The Cost of Rs. 5.1179 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 25 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 1.25 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Sambhal. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2015-16. The Cost of Rs. 17.6089 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 75 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 3.75 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Banda. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2015-16. The Cost of Rs. 14.2622 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 50 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 2.50 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Etawah. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2016-17.

327. The Cost of Rs. 16.087 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 50 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 2.50 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Azamgarh. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2016-17.

328. The Cost of Rs. 9.98 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 40 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 2.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Jalaun. These tube

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wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2016-17.

329. The Cost of Rs. 10.116 crores is financed by State Govt. construction of 40 New State Tube wells each of 1.0 cusec capacity creating 2.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential in District Manpuri. These tube wells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 50 hectares of C.C.A. completed in year 2016-17. The Cost of Rs. 7.3896 crores financed by State Govt. modernization of lined gul of State Tube wells. of 2.65 th. hectares of irrigation potential is likely to be restored in District Azamgarh. Project is likely to be completed in year 2016-17.

Solar Energy Operated Construction Of State Tube Wells Projects

330. The Cost of Rs. 1285.0793 crores is financed by Nabard for construction of Solar Panel/ Energy operated established State Tube wells & Small Lift Pump Canals during year 2016-17.

331. An outlay of Rs 125.00 crores is proposed for construction of Solar Panel/ Energy operated established State Tube wells & Small Lift Pump Canals during the year 2016-17.

332. An outlay of 2812.50 Crores has been proposed during Twelfth plan for creation of about 237.73 th. hectares of irrigation potential and restoration of 357.25 th. hectares of irrigation potential.

333. An amount of Rs.428.2140 crores has been proposed for the annual plan(2016-17) under state minor irrigation from which about 10.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential is likely to be created and 44.66 th. hectares of irrigation potential is likely to be restored.

Private minor irrigation

334. Private minor irrigation sources are very crucial for agricultural productivity and agriculture production of the State as about 77% of the irrigated area is attributed to private minor irrigation sources. As per U.P. Statistical Diary 2014 the status of irrigation through various sources in the State is following:-

Item Net Irrigated Area (Lakh hect)

Percentage

A Canal 25.55 18.50B Govt. Tube Well 4.90 3.60C Private Tube Well/Boring Pump set 95.93 68.90D Other Source (Well, Tank, Ponds etc.) 12.11 9.00

Total (Net Irrigated Area) 138.09 100.00

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335. Minor Irrigation sources provide assured and timely irrigation to the agricultural land of farmers because of being fully under their control. The project installation cost is less and also their operational and maintenance cost is comparatively lower which does not cause any burden on state exchequer. These sources do not cause problem of displacement of inhabitants during the course of their construction and are not normally affected by natural calamities such as water logging and flood etc. Minor Irrigation projects take less time in their construction, installation, make better use of local resources, cause lesser water loss because of being closer to unirrigated area and above all they are superb example of public private partnership.

336. In the year 1964, an independent department namely “Minor Irrigation Department’’ was created for the execution of Private Minor irrigation Programme. At present Department of Minor Irrigation is implementing various surface and ground water based schemes such as Shallow / Medium / Deep tube well, Community Blast Wells, Community Tube Wells, Checkdams etc. in which some amount of subsidy is provided to the farmers and rest of the cost is borne by the farmers. So the subsidy provided under various schemes attract large amount of private investment.

Physiographic Region And Private Minor Irrigation Programme

337. Most populous state of Uttar Pradesh is fifth largest state in India and occupies 7.3% of the total area of the country, with 79.2% of population residing in villages. It has an agrarian economy. The State of U.P. has been divided into 9 Agro-climatic zones and 4 economic regions, viz Eastern, Western, Central and Bundelkhand.

338. The state of U.P can be further divided into two main physiographic regions:

(a) The Gangetic plain.

(b) The Bundelkhand and Vindhyan plateau (Peninsular Region).

339. The Gangetic plain to the south of the Himalayas covers the largest area of the state. It is one of the most fertile plains in India and is endowed with vast reserves of ground water. The main programme under private minor irrigation in this region is construction of shallow tube wells in shallow aquifer and community tubewells, deep and medium tube wells in difficult strata as well.

340. The second region is southern part, south of river Ganga and Yamuna comprising, Central Indian plateau of Bundelkhand and Vindhyan ranges. Private minor irrigation works in this region, include construction of deep tube wells, check dams, community blast wells, community tube wells etc.

Status of Private Minor Irrigations Works

341. At the on set of the first five year plan 14.44 lakh hectare irrigation potential was available through different private minor irrigation sources. At the end of X th five year plan 170.59 lakh hect. Irrigation potential was created and during XIth plan 22.23 lakh. hectare is likely to be achieved. In the state, plan wise achievement of irrigation potential is tabulated below :

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Item Plan Period Irrigation Potential Created (In Lakh hectares)

During Plan Period

Depreciation @ 1%

Net

  Based on 3 rd M.I.Census (i)   2000-01 - - 158.97(ii)   2001-02 3.61 1.58 161.00(iii)   2002-03 3.83 1.61 163.22(iv)   2003-04 2.92 1.63 164.51(v)   2004-05 3.41 1.64 166.28(vi)   2005-06 3.65 1.66 168.62  Based on 4th M.I.Census (vii)   2006-07 - - 178.98(viii)   2007-08 4.94 1.79 180.77(ix)   2008-09 3.73 1.81 182.58(x)   2009-10 2.40 1.83 184.40(xi)   2010-11 4.56 1.84 186.25(xii)   2011-12 6.51 1.86 188.11(xiii)   2012-13 3.74 1.88 189.99(xiv)   2013-14 3.47 1.90 191.89(xv)   2014-15 2.55 1.92 193.81(xvi) 2015-16

(Anticipated)2.44 1.94 195.75

342. Statistics of different existing Private Minor Irrigation works in the state as on March, 2015 is tabulated below :

Item Unit Total1. Dug Wells Cum Bore well Nos. 1398332. Pump set on Surface Water ,, 301283. Shallow Tube well ,, 4218339A. Electric Shallow Tube Well ,, 500627B. Diesel Shallow Tube well ,, 3616221C. Others ,, 1014914. Deep Tube Wells ,, 331745. Medium Deep Tube well ,, 467716. Artisan Well ,, 8557. Checkdam ,, 34548. Community Blast Well ,, 81999. Community Tube wells ,, 2771

Facilities Extended To The Farmers During XIITH Plan

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343. Apart from providing technical expertise following financial assistance are also provided to the farmers.

344. In free boring scheme subsidy on construction of boring for small, marginal and SC/ST farmer is being provided @ of Rs. 5000, Rs. 7,000 and Rs. 10,000 respectively. In addition to it for installation of pumpset based on unit cost (Rs. 18,000 as per NABARD norms), following subsidy is being provided:-

Small farmers- 25% or upto a limit of Rs. 4,500/-,

Marginal farmers. 331/3% or up to a limit of Rs. 6,000/-

SC/ST farmers- 50% or upto limit of Rs. 9,000/-

345. A part from this a subsidy up to the maximum of Rs. 3000/- is also being provided to all category of farmers for installation of H.D.E.P. pipe irrigation system for water distribution.

346. Maximum subsidy of Rs. 1.78 lakh is admissible to all category of farmers on the construction of complete tubewell, under Deep tube well scheme. This subsidy includes cost of construction of tubewell, pump house etc. (upto the max. of Rs. 1.00 lakh), cost of H.D.P.E. pipe irrigation system for water distribution (up to the max of Rs. 0.10 lakh) and cost of energization upto maximum of Rs. 0.68 lakh. In the case of failure of boring only 10 % or a maximum of Rs. 1000 whichever is less is charged from the cultivators and rest is borne by the Govt.

347. Maximum subsidy of Rs. 1.53 lakh is admissible to all category of farmers on the construction of complete tubewell under Medium Deep tube well scheme. This subsidy includes cost of construction of tubewell, pump house etc. (upto the max. of Rs. 0.75 lakh), cost of H.D.P.E. pipe irrigation system for water distribution (up to the max of Rs. 0.10 lakh) and cost of energization upto maximum of Rs. 0.68 lakh. In the case of failure of boring only 10 % or a maximum of Rs. 1000 whichever is less is charged from the cultivators and rest is borne by the Govt.

348. For installation of surface pumpset in hard rock areas i.e all the districts of bundelkhand region and Allahabad, Mirzapur, Sonebhdra and Chanduali following subsidy is being provided-

Small farmers- 25% or upto a limit of Rs. 4,500/-,

Marginal farmers. 331/3% or up to a limit of Rs. 6,000/-

SC/ST farmers- 50% or upto limit of Rs. 9,000/-

349. “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tubewell scheme” has been launched from the year 2012-13. Under this scheme a maximum subsidy of Rs. 5.00 Lakh is provided for farmer’s group having more than 50% SC/ST farmers for construction of tube well. For groups of general category farmers maximum subsidy of Rs. 3.92 lakh is provided.

350. Community Blast Well (under RIDF-XV) are being constructed in rocky blocks of eight districts upto a limit of Rs. 5.585 lakh.

351. Checkdams are being constructed as community work in which 100% assistance is being provided.

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352. Physical and financial Achievements during Annual Plan Year 2015-16 are given blow :Year Achievements

(Anticipated)Surface Water Ground Water Total

Physical In Lakh

Ha

financial In Rs. lakh

Physical In lakh

Ha

Financial In Rs. lakh

Physical In lakh

Ha

Financial In Rs. Lakh

1 2015-16 0.0368 3310.00 2.399 16222.210 2.436 19532.21

Status of Ground Water Development

353. As per state Ground Water Department, U.P. report, as on March 2009, 1721791.67 hect. m. ground water balance is available for further development of irrigation and the stage of development was 69.51 percent. Region wise details of ground water balance are given below :

Region Net. G.W. Availability

(ha-m)

Exiting Gross Ground Water Draft From All

Uses

Allocation for Domestic and

Industrial Requirement Supply upto next 25 years

Net G.W. Availability For Future Irrigation

(ha-m)

State of Ground Water

Development (in %)

1. Western 2485357.59 2098960.04 153539.05 348046.48 84.452. Central 1465992.46 989307.56 94674.97 441539.83 67.483. Eastern 2523002.89 1655414.81 259985.43 762676.98 65.614. Bundelkhand 383101.54 204625.52 27883.30 169528.38 53.41

Total 6857454.47 4948307.93 536082.75 1721791.67 72.16

* Out of this 1.95 million ha-m is available for irrigation purpose.

354. Out of 820 blocks in the state, As per 2009 status 76 block are in over exploited 32 blocks are in critical and 107 blocks are the semi critical category.

Infrastructure Of Minor Irrigation Department

355. The department of minor irrigation is headed by Chief Engineer (level-2) under over all administrative control of Agriculture Production Commissioner Govt. of U.P. At regional level there are 6 circles to supervise, execute and impart technical guidance to lower level functionaries. There are 36 divisions about 75 sub divisions to execute the different private minor irrigation programme. In each block, Junior Engineer (Minor Irrigation) are posted under whom Boring technician work. Apart from this there are separate Training Wing of the Department headed by Director Training. Training Center of the Department is located at Bakshi Ka Talab having hostel and other facilities. Centrally Sponsored Rationalization of Minor Irrigation Statistics Cell is established at H.Q. to accomplish the Private Minor Irrigation statistical data in the state. To execute different activities the department has various types’ tools and plants ranging from hand boring sets to heavy rig machines, in-well rigs & blasting units etc.

Position Of State In Respect Of Whole India & Other States.

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356. All India Minor Irrigation census conducted by Govt. of India (base year 2000-01) has reflected that out of total 83.55 lakh private tube wells in the country U.P.’s share is of 35.25 lakh, which is 42.2 percent. Number of these tubewells has increased to 41.30 lakhs by the end of 2010-11. Therefore the quantum of private tube wells in the State is highest in the country and irrigated agriculture in the State is heavily dependent on private tube wells.

Strategy of XIITH Plan 357. It is proposed that all the schemes which were taken up in the year 2015-16 will continue during year 2016-17 also. Scheme wise details are following:

Continuing schemes in year 2016-17Shallow Tubewells (Free Boring)

358. State’s statistics shows that there are 216.68 lakh operational holdings in the state out of which there are 166.59 lakh marginal (76.8%) and 30.87 lakh (14.2%) small holdings, These small & marginal holdings constitute about 61.3% of total area. To cater to the need of these farmers, It is proposed to perform 8,31,863 borings during 12th Five Year Plan including 2,06,875 borings for SC/ST farmers. This scheme has been further modified and provision of HDPE pipe irrigation system for water distribution has also been modified for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 3,000.00 is being provided from year 2012-13.

359. A sum of Rs. 7453.00 lakh is being proposed for Year 2016-17 under this scheme from which 74393 free boring will be constructed.

Deep Tube Well

360. This scheme is for all category of farmers in regions where strata is deep & hard/tough. It is proposed to construct 6,250 Deep Tube Wells in areas having deep and tough/difficult strata for all categories of farmers during 12th Five Year Plan. This scheme has been further modified and provision of HDPE pipe irrigation system for water distribution has also been modified for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 10,000 for HDPE pipe irrigation system and Rs. 68,000 for energization is being provide. Thus the amount of subsidy at present is Rs. 1,78,000.00.

361. A sum of Rs. 1849.35 lakh is being proposed for Year 2016-17 under this scheme from which 1039 Deep boring will be constructed.

Medium Deep Tube Well

362. This scheme is for all category of farmers in regions where water bearing strata is from 31-60m. It is proposed to construct 31,250 Medium deep tube wells during the plan. This scheme has been further modified and separate provision for energization has been made for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 68,000.00 is being provide. So subsidy in this scheme at present is Rs. 1,53,000.00.

363. A sum of Rs. 8424.35 lakh is being proposed for Year 2016-17 under this scheme from which 5506 Deep boring will be constructed.

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Surface Pump Set

364. This scheme is for the benefit of all category of farmers in Bundelkhand Region and trans Yamuna blocks of Vindhyan Region. It is proposed to benefit 153 cultivators all over the state to exploit surface water sources. At present the subsidy is Rs. 4,500.00, 6,000.00 and 9,000.00 for small marginal farmers of general categories and small and marginal farmers of SC/ST category respectively. Apart from this scheme area has also been extended to Mirzapur, Sonbhadra and Chandaully districts.

Boring Godown

365. Under this scheme new godown will be constructed in those districts where boring godown does not exist. Apart from this incomplete godowns will also be completed.

Ground Water Recharging / Checkdam

366. This scheme is being implemented in rocky & problematic areas, which serves dual purpose of irrigation as well as recharging of groundwater.

367. A sum of Rs. 3502.90 lakh is being proposed for Year 2016-17 under this scheme from which 194 checkdams will be constructed, which will irrigate about 3000 hect. of cultivated land and ground water recharge will be 135 ha-m.

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube well scheme

368. “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube Well Scheme” has been launched from the year 2012-13. Under this scheme a maximum subsidy of Rs. 5.00 Lakh is provided for farmers group having more than 50% SC/ST farmers for construction of tube well. For groups of general category farmers maximum subsidy of Rs. 3.92 lakh is provided.

Salient features of this scheme are following -

Name- “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube wells Scheme”

Year of beginning - 2012 - 13

Area-Alluvium areas for State having difficult and Deep strata where free boring is not possible.

Structure of the scheme-Two type of groups will be farmed under the scheme. One group will be SC/ST dominated and another group will be dominated by small and marginal farmers, of general category.

Cost of Tube well - Rs. 5.00 Lakh

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369. PVC pipe will be used for construction of tube well and above cost will include cost of drilling, assembly, submersible pump, pump house, delivery tank, 180-meter 110 mm HDPE pipe system and energization having following bifurcation –

A. Construction of Tube well : Rs. 4.02 lakh(Drilling, Assembly, Submersible Pump House, Tend etc.)HDPE pipe irrigation sytem : Rs. 0.30 lakh

B. Energization : Rs. 0.68 lakhTotal : Rs. 5.00 lakh

370. In the Year 2016-17 for construction of 155 community tube wells costing Rs. 715.60 lakh is proposed.

Centrally Sponsored Schemes

371. In minor irrigation department, the following centrally sponsored schemes will continue during Year 2016-17.

Stipend to Degree/Diploma Holders

372. Under this scheme stipend to degree/diploma holders is provided by central and state govt. on 50:50 bases. Under the scheme, like previous years Rs. 5.00 lakh from government of India and Rs. 5.00 lakh from Uttar Pradesh Government are being proposed during Year 2016-17.

Capacity Building

E-governance

373. There is a need of Rs. 25.00 Lakhs for purchase of Hardware, Net Working, Connectivity, Software, Training and Data Digitization in e-governance.

Renovation of Training Centre

374. The Minor Irrigation and Water Use Training Centre under Minor Irrigation Department is situated at BKT, Lucknow which is in dilapidated condition. It is proposed to construct hostel facility for 50 people, conference/meeting hall and 2 lecture halls at Training Centre as PWD has recommended for abandoning exiting building. Rs. 500.00 lakh is proposed for construction of these buildings during Year 2016-17.

Tools and Plants

375. At present, the department has about 3000 hand boring sets, 41 Heavy Rig Machines, 21 In well Rigs and 57 Blasting Units. Among these 15 Heavy Rigs were purchased in the year 1985 or before. However as a matter of policy department has decided to out sources this activity by engaging private rig machines. But for smooth operation of old machines, their accessories and associated equipments are to be replaced from time to time.

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376. As such under the head Tools and Plant, total sum of Rs. 50.00 Lakhs is required in the Year 2016-17.Thus old and revised subsidies in the various schemes are following :-

Schemes Present Cost (in Rs.)

Subsidy Rates (in Rs.)

1 Shallow Tube Well  General Farmer(i) Shallow Tube Well(Free Boring) 10000.00 7000.00(ii) H.D.P.E. Pipe Water Distribution System 6000.00 3000.00(iii) Pump Set Installation 22000.00 6000.00  SC/ST Farmer(i) Shallow Tube Well(Free Boring) 10000.00 10000.00(ii) H.D.P.E. Pipe Water Distribution System 6000.00 3000.00(iii) Pump Set Installation 22000.00 9000.002 Deep Tubewell (i) Deep Tube well 400000.00 100000.00(ii) H.D.P.E. Pipe Water Distribution System 20000.00 10000.00(iii) Energisation 68000.00 68000.003 Medium Deep Tubewell(i) Medium Deep Tube well 308000.00 75000.00(ii) H.D.P.E. Pipe Water Distribution System 20000.00 10000.00(iii) Energisation 68000.00 68000.00

4 Dr. Ram Monohar Lohia Tubewell (SCP) 500000.00 500000.00

5 Dr. Ram Monohar Lohia Tubewell(General) 500000.00 392000.006 Surface Pump set 25000.00 9000.00(SC)

6000.00(Gen)

Private Investment:-

377. Subsidy provided under the various schemes of minor irrigation department, large amount of private investment is expected from the farmers whose details are following:-

Item Per Unit Rate Annual Plan 2016-17

Total Cost

Subsidy (in Rs)

Private Investment

(in Rs)

Total Targat

Private Investment

(in Lakh Rs)1- Small & Marginal farmers Programme (Free Boring Scheme)

i General category (boring) 10000 7000 3000 74393 2231.79

ii H.D.P.E Pipe Distribution Gen & SC/ST

6000 3000 3000 18598 557.94

iii General category(pump set) 22000 6000 16000 6733 1077.28iv S.C.P/T.S.P(boring) 10000 10000 0 29503 0.00v S.C.P/T.S.P(pump set) 22000 9000 13000 4425 664.00

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  Total Small & Marginal farmers Programme

4531.01

2- Deep Tube Well 488000 178000 310000 1039 3220.903- Medium Tube Well 396000 153000 243000 5506 13379.584 Surface Pump set

i General category(pump set) 22,000 6000 16000 0.00

ii S.C.P/T.S.P(pump set) 22,000 9000 13000 0.00

5 Dr. Ram Monohar Lohia Tubewell (SCP)

500000 500000 100 0.00

6 Dr. Ram Monohar Lohia Tubewell(General)

500000 392000 108000 55 59.40

  Total 21190.89

Monitorable Target :

Creation of additional irrigation potential of 1.99 lakh hect.

Investment of Rs. 143.72 Crores from Govt. sources and Rs. 211.91 Crores from private sources.

Employment generation of 61.58 lakh mandays.

Flood Control

378. Uttar Pradesh has a geographical area of 240.93 lacs hectares, out of which flood prone area is 73.06 lacs hectares. The protectable area is about 58.72 lacs ha. only which can be protected from flood and drainage congestion by construction various flood management works.

Flood Control & Drainage

379. For the 12th Plan (2012-17) an Outlay of Rs. 6031.25 Crores has been sanctioned against which a target of 185 km/ 550 km Construction/ Restoration of Embankments, 185 km/ 620 km of Construction /Restoration of Drains and 924/790 Construction/Restoration of Anti Erosion works and 3.93 lac Hectare land is to be protected against flood and water logging.

Ground Water

380. Ground Water Department, U.P. is the ‘Nodal Agency’ in the State for ground water development, management and planning, and it is primarily engaged in ground water survey, resource investigation and its estimation in the State.

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Challenges & Issues

381. Ground water is a vital resource, providing 70% of irrigation supplies, 80% of drinking water supplies and almost all the industrial needs of the State. Growing dependence and unregulated use of ground water has eventually put an adverse impact on the resource domain in the form of unsustainable over-extraction and subsequent lowering of ground water levels in both rural and urban areas.

382. Besides widespread depletion of aquifers, two more issues have emerged over the last two decades. In canal commands, reverse situation of rising water levels/subsurface water logging has emerged largely affecting the agricultural productivity. The other serious issue is ground water quality/ contamination which is posing new threat for potable water supplies and irrigation water.

Scenario with respect to National situation:

383. In India, net annual ground water resource availability (as on 31st March,2011) has been estimated as 398.16 bcm, while the annual ground water draft(withdrawl)has been estimated as 245.05 bcm with ground water development reaching to stage of 62% in comparison to 61%as estimated on 31st March, 2009. Based on the above estimation, 1081 Blocks/Talukas have been categorized as Over-exploited , 218 as Critical and 695 as Semi-critical.

State Ground water Scenario:

384. The Ground Water Development has increased from 72%in 2009 to 73.65%in 2011, crossing the threshold limit of 70% .As such, ground water stressed areas are continuously increasing. In 2009, stressed blocks were 215, which increased to 261 in 2011 with 111 blocks categorized as Over-exploited, 68 as Critical and 82 as Semi–critical.

385. The severity of ground water situation can be assessed from the fact that 659 out of 820 blocks are witnessing decline in ground water level. Situation in urban areas is still more grim, where water level is declining at much faster rate.

386. The Urban Scenario is much more grim. Almost all major cities are affected with heavy exploitation and fast decline.

Priorities and Goals:

387. For sustainable Ground water management in the State, following goals and priorities have been identified for the 12th Plan:

Development of Ground water Regulatory Mechanism in the State.

Advanced approaches for resource study / investigation.

Mapping of Aquifers and Aquifer management.

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Developing Area-specific technological inputs and formulation of comprehensive ground water recharge schemes for implementation in stressed blocks/cities.

Data management and development of Ground Water Information System.

Setting up of Ground water Recharge Scheme feasibility assessment Cell.

Development of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) skills / Capacity building for ground water conservation and management in stressed areas with assistance of NGO, RWA, academic Institutions.

Strengthening of ground water research and development sector in the State in project mode.

Major thrust areas :

388. The major thrust area will be implementation and monitoring of Ground Water Policy in U.P. The other thrust areas shall be-

Validation of GW norms and formulation of Urban norms.

Formulation and Implementation of Comprehensive Recharge Projects.

District Ground water reports.

G.I.S. based Ground Water Maps.

Proposed Schemes:

389. The strategies/goals including some new initiatives(based on the recommendations of working group& goals of National Water Mission) are set for the 12 th Plans envisaged/clubbed under the following schemes, as taken up for the 11th Plan-

Development of Ground Water estimation and strengthening of Ground Water Survey;

Rain water harvesting & Recharging ;

Preparation of GIS based maps ; and

Mapping of Ground water sources/Aquifer mapping & aquifer parameter tests.

Roof top Rain water Harvesting system

Ground water Quality Monitoring and Comprehensive mapping.

390. Scheme wise details of programmes are given as follows:

Development of Ground water estimation and strengthening of Ground water surveyResource Monitoring and Assessment

Monitoring of ground water level on Hydrograph Stations.

Block wise estimation of Ground water resource (as per GEC-97 norms) with periodicity of 02 years.

Refinement/improvement of ground water draft norms.

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Remote Sensing application to provide/refine the inputs. lsotope application for recharge studies. (This works may be taken up in project mode).

Studies for evolving Urban ground water estimation norms.

Strengthening of Hydrograph Stations (both rural and urban).

Integration and preparation of Ground water Quality database/mapping (both rural and urban).

Preparation of District Ground Water Reports/brochures for sustainable resource management.

Preparation of various Lithological data & Geophysical Survey based reports.

Institutional and infrastructural strengthening of Ground Water Department.

Celebration of Ground Water Week.

Ground Water Management.

Procurement of Software/digital data & Technical upgradation.

Upgradation of Website.

Aquifer mapping and Aquifer parameter tests

Aquifer mapping & preparation of Aquifer Management plans for stressed areas.

Aquifer Parameter tests: Long term Aquifer Parameter tests on unconfined aquifers are proposed to be carried out to validate/refine various norms prevailing in different hydrogeological settings.

Preparation of G.l.S. based maps

Analysis of ground water data on GIS platform.

GIS based Ground water Mapping.

Preparation of Atlas and districtwise maps.

Rain water Harvesting & Recharging

Review and updation of ground water recharge guidelines.

Formulation of Comprehensive Recharge projects for the stressed areas.

Maintenance of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting structures.

Training workshops for stakeholder, architects, engineers, students.

Roof top Rain water harvesting system on Government Buildings

391. New scheme for installation of Roof top rain water harvesting systems in government buildings sanctioned. Ten major cities (Lucknow, Kanpur Nagar, Allahabad, Moradabad, Ghaziabad, Noida, Agra, Saharanpur, Meerut and Varanasi) are proposed to cover approximately 30 thousand sqm. roof top area.

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Ground water Quality, Monitoring and Comprehensive mapping

As a new scheme, monitoring and mapping of ground water quality initiated in 50 districts.

600 Monitoring Stations for ground water quality analysis/monitoring selected all over the state.

Both Pre-monsoon & Post-monsoon water samples be analyzed every year for assessment of periodic changes.

New Schemes:

Setting of Regional Ground Water Hub

An ambitions scheme Ground Water Hub proposed to be set up in District-Basti, representing eastern U.P.

This will serve as centre for capacity building, imparting training to public & stakeholders with ground water related R & D activities, advanced studies and ground water quality checking through modern Lab.

The Hub will serve as a knowledge Centre for dissemination of useful information for various development programmes & public welfare.

Ground Water Awareness Scheme:

Ground water resource awareness and Development of IEC skills & Capacity building.

Peoples involvement and Awareness programmes throughout the state round the year.

School-colleges, students, teachers and NGO to be involved and sensitized about the need for ground water management & conservation.

Integrated Scheme for Rain Water Harvesting and Ground Water Recharge:

392. Scheme to be focused in over-exploited/critical blocks to improve the stressed ground water conditions.

Constructions of checkdams, renovation of ponds.

Promote efficient water use techniques (Drip, Sprinkler, Pipe).

Other feasible methods also to be applied.

Monitorable Targets:

Water level monitoring of Hydrograph Stations.

Blockwise Ground water Resource Estimation.

Ground water Awareness.

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Digitization & Integration of Ground water data on G.I.S. platform.

Monitoring of Rain water Harvesting/recharging schemes in the State.

Implementation and Monitoring of Ground Water Policy in U.P.

Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)

393. To involve farmers and village communities in the implementation of watershed projects under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). Guidelines for Watershed Development were adopted w.e.f. 1-4-2008. To further simplify procedures and involvement of Panchayat Raj Institution (P.R.I.s) more meaningfully in planning, implementation and management of economic development activities in rural areas. New Guidelines called "Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects 2008" have been published by National Rainfed Area Authority, Ministry of Agriculture. Govt. of India in March, 2008 and also Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects 2011(Revised) pubished by Government of India. Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects are based on the following principles:

Equity and Gender Sensitivity: Watershed Development Projects should be considered as levers of inclusiveness. Project implementing Agencies must facilitate the equity processes such as (a) enhanced livelihood opportunities for the poor through investment in their assets and improvements in productivity and income. (b) improving access of the poor, especially for the benefits of women ( c) enhancing role of women in decision-making processes and their representation in the institutional arrangements and (d) ensuring access to usufruct rights from the common property resources for the poor farmers.

Decentralization: Project management would improve with decentralization, delegation and professionalism. Establishing suitable institutional arrangements within the overall framework of the Panchayati Raj institutions, and the operational flexibility in norms to suit varying local conditions will enhance decentralization . Empowered committees with delegation to rationalize the policies, continuity in administrative support and timely release of funds are the other instruments for effective decentralization.

Facilitating Agencies: Social mobilization, community organization, building capacities of communities in planning and implementation, ensuring equity arrangements etc. need intensive facilitation. Competent organizations including voluntary organizations with professional teams having necessary skills and expertise would be selected through a rigorous process and may be provided financial support to perform the above specific functions.

Centrality of Community Participation: Involvement of primary stakeholders is at the centre of planning, budgeting, implementation, and management of watershed projects. Community organizations may be closely associated with and accountable to Gram Sabhas in project activities.

Capacity Building and Technology Inputs: Considerable stress would be given on capacity building as a crucial component for achieving the desired results. This would be a continuous

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process enabling functionaries to enhance their knowledge and skills and develop the correct orientation and perspectives thereby becoming more effective in performing their roles and responsibilities. With current trends and advances in information technology and remote sensing, It is possible to acquire detailed information about the various field level characteristics of any area or region. Thus, the Endeavour would be to build in strong technology inputs into the new vision of watershed programmes.

Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning: A participatory outcome and impact- oriented, user-focused monitoring, evaluation and learning system would be put in place to obtain feedback and undertake improvements in planning, project designing and implementation.

Organizational Restructuring: Establishing appropriate technical and professional support structures at national, state, district and project levels and developing effective functional partnerships among project authorities, implementing agencies and support organizations would play a vital role.

Objectives

Acuteness of drinking water scarcity

Extent of over exploitation of ground water resources.

Preponderance of wastelands/degraded lands

Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed/treated.

Willingness of village community to make voluntary contributions, enforce equitable social regulations for sharing of common property resources, make equitable distribution of benefits, create arrangements for the operation and maintenance of the assets created .

Proportion of scheduled castes/scheduled tribes.

Area of the project should not be covered under assured irrigation.

Productivity potential of the land.

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