CHAPTER No. 05:

The Role Of Cooperative Sugar And Importance.

• Introduction.

• The sugar industry - the world's scenario.

• Sugar Industry – The Scenario.

• Sugar Byproducts:

• The sugarcane cultivation and Sugar Industry.

• In India in sugarcane productivity.

• Cooperative Sugar Industry:

• Sugar Industry In Maharashtra.

• The Maharashtra sugarcane production.

• Maharashtra Co-Operatives sugar industry problems.

• The Indian sugar industry.

• Progress Of Sugar Industry In India:

• Factors Governed By The Indian Sugar Industry:

• Co-Operative Sugar Industry: The Growth Centers Of Maharashtra Rural & Socio-

Economic:

• The Review of Maharashtra sugar industry:

• The sugar industry in Marathwada.

Introduction:

The Indian sugar industry do not reach the independent air) is one of the largest sugar the

white estate jewel the planet may not yet have that was the end of the huge size it was a huge

undertaking. The more than 450 sugar production lines for the nation, the sugar is the largest

agro-management business, the twelve-monthly turnover of RS150 billion. This presupposes a

considerable part of the essentialness of Indian agricultural advancement and extends far past the

sweetener. Sugar production lines of different parts of the haddock fill in the nation, grain in the

rural areas and compiling tools simple business correspondence, transport and business. In

agronomy, more than 45 million euro and the them to work the garden a wide mass development,

the sugarcane and additional exercises. The industry uses more than 0.5 mn gifted and

unqualified workers, mainly in the yeoman areas.

Withdrawing THE wake and between the Administration, by substituting the strategy

1967-68 the fractional extraction the now the legislature and the backbone of approach for the

withdrawing two short in the 1970s. Under the current approach, the authority to up to 10 percent

of the cost of treatment in the state supply distribution system (PDS) and the separate 90 per cent

of the allowed to be sold by plants for free demo the monthly expenditure. The toll-free the sugar

factories have already cut 70 percent of the hill the current level 10 percent of 1968-69 a

progressive process of the deregulation the sugar sector.

Indian sugar industry is also comprehensively is the characteristic of the two segments,

the division shall constitute, i.e. , sugar, and the careless, i.e. universal sweeteners manufacturers

as gur and khandsari. More recently the simple industrial and now provides excellent

opportunities to more than the sugar factories. Normal sweetener the preparation is indeed a

significant gur and khandsari. Gur and khandsari sugar ugly not centrifuged. In general, these

people are used within villages as sweeteners and significant rural i address ancient wellsprings

and food. In spite of the fact that the patterns of normal continuous movement of sugar sweetener

over the years, but still should be approximately 37 percent of the sweetener of the amount of

India. Whereas the nation uses the sugar only a sugarcane info, the sugar organizations of

developing States have ensured a large stick as Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu,

Karnataka and Punjab and Gujarat. Maharashtra the level of sugar plants, in particular, in the

creating a cooperative class, and similarly by the sugar emulated state of Uttar Pradesh, .

Handlebar mustaches growled the cooperatives of its own and the maximum aggregate

limit the industry. These are basically, the vast majority of Maharashtra and the east state of

Uttar Pradesh. The maximum number of sugar the private area, the South Indian Tamil Nadu,

Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. State of Uttar Pradesh is also a custom factories are very large in

size. The 453 sugar the nation, a cooperative of 269 184, the private and the men are usually 67.

Plus 136 using a private department different phases. Preparation of sugar with a India a 5-7 year

cycle. Processing sugar builds up a 3 - 4 year period, in a large, which more than one level,

sugar. As a result, the larger sugar, sugar, sugarcane the payments back. The debt is not the

enlargement due to sugarcane sugarcane easier preparation, bringing about more processing in

the next 2-3 years. The lower management, bringing about a wide range of costs in a sugarcane

development, the following season4.

The sugar industry - the world's scenario:

The development of globalization and industrialization of each country. In addition, each

time in this country in the context of globalisation it is necessary, in the continuous innovation,

information, and information. However, the situation confronting the changes in the sugar

industry elating. After completion of the conversion, it would appear that the households and the

whole world. Develop the country more than 70 percent of amount of sugar, so that these

countries are the world's key players in the sugar, and inspires the items. Various business

enterprises, such as alcohol, energy, and so on are also learning a part of the country sugar

industry. Thus, the companies that helpless, the sugar industry Planet, excuse that the why is the

fluctuations in global generation, the costs and the Exchange. The drive may be sugar-Asia track

a few easy to set up global issues. Sugar-Asia best witness at the latest in engineering and the

gears at the sugar, alcohol, and of the energy. The intuitive, and similarly provides a generally up

close and personal monitoring systems are familiar with the latest happenings at the sugar,

ethanol, and the energy department. What is more, more for the Asean Free Trade Agreement,

such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka and so

on is speculation based on the new Industri5 referred to above.

Table No. 5.01:

The world's 10 largest manufacturer.

SR. Country Production

(Million tonnes)

1 India 20.2

2 EU 17.9

3 Brazil 16.5

4 United States Of America 8.1

5 China 7.6

6 Thailand 6.2

7 Mexico 4.8

8 Australia 4.4

9 Cuba 4.1

10 Republic of South Africa 2.7

Source: http://www.aia-india.org

The above table shows the sugar 4.01 the 10 largest in the world. It is concluded from the

table, in order, the first India 20.2 million sound sugar followed by the EU, Brazil, USA, China,

Thailand, Cuba, Mexico, Australia, Republic of South Africa.

Sugar Industry – The Scenario:

The most astonishing sugar production capacity utilisation in India permanently

appropriated the details, the USDA foreign agricultural service. In spite of the fact that a work,

India second place farther in, taking into account the Brazilian master the sugar, the largest

planet. The Indian sugar industry is used in a Sugarcane is part of the sugar and as a result, the

organizations are likely to be greatest number sugarcane the developing countries the Indian

State of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh. State of

Uttar Pradesh, represents only 24 percent of the high sugar also preparation for the Maharashtra's

commitment to 20 percent. Something, like the 50 percent limit control sugar cooperative -

public. There are about 566 sugar factories on the nation, near which the cooperatives in 100

(mainly) are not working. Only about 50 % of the Maharashtra sugar cooperatives operating is

alone. In spite of the fact that it is more to private players and the joint, cooperatives are

generally much more modest plants the sugar, and separate. This brought the anti-competitive

and the personal plants.

Sugar Industry in India has taken a lot of progress the beginning of the 1930S,. In 1950

the nation was 139 sugar plants the twelve-month period of 16.7 tonnes, and was a lakh. Now the

nation around the sugar factories, 671 down) a twelve-month preparation sugar, then the 241

tonnes a lakh. India's 20% share of the planet, and sugar amount is it 15% of the world.

Table No. 5.02:

The sugar sector by the year 2010 in India.

Sr. No Element 2010

1 Factories registered 201

2 Production of the factories 111

3 (00) 20782

4 The producers of sugar cane 19156

5 Capital 981213

6 The government share 118927

7 Element 506070

8 Owned by Funds 3607527

9 Borrowing outstanding 1938882

10 Working capital 4279983

11 Fixed assets 5645657

12 The primary agricultural credit loans. 244472

13 Result is 498602

14 Grain Loss 157978

15 Approved the factories. 111

16 Approved capacity (T. C. D. ) 242.

17 Built-in capacity (T. C. D. ) Mr 423

18 Quantities of sugar cane (MT) 52853

19 (1) quantity (MT) (sugar cane) 6131

20 (2) the value (sugar cane) 0

21 The factories have distillation plants 64

22 Distilleries 64

23 Molasses (quantity) (MT) 24,54

Source: http://www.aia-india.org

Typical of the Indian sugar industry.

1. Capital intensive

2. State regulation

3. The seasonal variation.

4. Significant cost raw materials

5. The appropriate replacement products

Success factors.

1. Use capital

2. By making optimal use of the additional revenue-products

3. Captive power generation

4. To the farmers the 14-day sugarcane (the government), the agricultural producers.

Typical of the Indian sugar industry.

1. The rural population -7.5-45 million, as the sugar cane farmers, agricultural workers and

dependents

2. Employs 0.5 million workers are qualified & Semi-Skilled

3. The sugar sector focal point for development of rural area significant Socio-Economical

4. Agro-based industry largest rural Indian is located.

The Indian sugar industry size :

1. 4.5 Million hectares of sugar cane production.

2. Sugar cane: 300 million tonnes

3. Installed 553 sugar mills number:

4. Average amount of stick: 3200 tonnes per day and Miss Mills

5. Sugar: 20 million tons.

6. Average per capita consumption: 17 - 18 kg.

Disadvantages:

1. Small-capacity plants Large number obsolete equipment.

2. The traditional manufacturing systems.

3. The surveillance systems is not correct.

4. Not appropriate skills.

5. Automate the process.

6. In-Efficient energy.

7. It lacks an adequate environmental protection systems.

The Indian sugar industry is leading the provider will maintain the deficiencies and the cycle

of sugarcane needs, simpler, more sugarcane yield sugar level donate it, continually expanding

generation of the processor and its mounting. The quality demands of any level of movement

development and processing. The Indian sugar industry's main impetus, effectively helping to

improve the country's overall development. Upholds THE experienced more than 50 million

members and agronomy and respect can be extended to transmit the homestead. This is the

second largest agro-based industry in India. The Indian sugar industry the request to the private,

the cooperative and the open section. The processing, the three southern states of Tamil Nadu

and Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh (7), Pradesh. transformational evolution to the

plenty of food, fuel and the nation. India the second largest producer after Brazil country. There

is also the largest purchaser of the planet. Processing the sugar Cyclic updates impressively

replacing the Indian deposits planet.

Sugar By-products:

1. The use of Baggase: fund baggase is still, the diesel fuel. Dry pulp contains baggase 40 per

cent, 30 per cent, 20 per cent pentasone Lignin substances contained in industrial waste

waters. A suitable raw material for paper industry. Causes 30 percent of the agricultural

residues requirement. However, because the mills are scattered throughout the country, the

surplus is baggase paper units allows the problem, and an uneconomical way. More

efficient use.

2. Using co-generation-baggase: Baggase local fuel mill the performance. The most

effective, and the balanced Mills baggase must save 10 percent of production. The potential

co-generation and the power and the grid Mills after its requirement by the energy expert

bodies, 3600 MW of the estimated 1996 97. India is a huge potential advantage other

countries, such as Hawaii, Mauritius etc. If the power is the co-generation sugar mills has

been a reliable source. The central government to coordinate the government Electricity

Boards the excess energy you can create sugar mills. Co-generation should be encouraged.

The necessary investment will be approximately 60 percent of what a conventional thermal

power station.

3. Molasses: molasses for many decades all aspects fully controlled, therefore

price/shipping/etc. In 1993, the central Ministry decontrolled the molasses. Most of the

State shall comply with the center, and a few government of the Member State as their not

attributable, dual pricing as it is controlled by the end-of-movement controls, etc. , this is

only a guide to help in that, it's a free market price high molasses leading distillery is

making available and difficult to drink manufacturing and thus encourages the Gur, illicit

drink the sugar cane and more diversion. There is sugar, and a total 108 distilleries in

regard to 283. The total capacity 2700 Mn liters.

The sugarcane cultivation and Sugar Industry:

Sugarcane and sugar sector runs parallel to human development and the old management.

Use of the criticalness sugarcane, and the sugar a nation's socio-economic Milieu is very deep

and powerful. Also the current position of sugarcane and sugar, then press the significant Indian

rural economy. The sugar industry convergence regions have been socio-financial development

country preparation rustic tools, business correspondence, the higher payment, delivery and

offices. Some 4 million sugarcane and agronomy experienced extensive gardening workers and

additional exercises are sugarcane village forming 7.5 % of population. In addition, the industry,

give it a lakh. Worksheet 5 gifted and talented worker half the zone. Other operating

characteristics can be a part of a sugar, the sugar, a ware in spite of the fact that 75% of the

weight of sugar available expended, such as, on the basis of a simple and small fragments, sugar

industry needs the higher the remuneration costs than the required minimum costs; The high

yield variability and the zone; reduces the biscuits and the unfriendly effect on the quantity of

sugar that is not otherwise manage units; refined sugar factories behalf and the co-era and the

ethanol production

In India in sugarcane productivity:

India has improved the productivity substantially more than the last two decades and is

well compares greater than cane sugar. However, only the improvement of yield per hectare cane

I came up to the 58-71 per year for an annual 1984-85 1995-96. This level, the average of 70

MT/ha, as well as compares to other sugar is produced. If, however, the low within the country,

and the 46 113 of their the Tamil Nadu. If the objective is the improvement, as each of the states

of their, Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh average touching MT8 75

The average, as compared with 12% which is not good for Brazil and Australia. The right

farming practices, and favorable climate, improve the 12.5 per cent. As a percentage of

production of sugar cane has been under 9.3 % of the amount provided for by -10,3. Here also 1

percent improvement. Covered by substantial improvements in productivity and yield, and the

sugar content and reap the recovery right by adopting and close cooperation with the producers

sugar mills. According to the estimates of this management practice and the right due to the

harvest up to a 1 percent improvement from the extraction and 10 % growth.

Cooperative Sugar Industry:

The sugar sector playing an important role in the rural development state of Maharashtra.

Received the true impetus to establish cooperative sugar industry the first cooperative sugar

factory, the Loni Ahemadnagar. 10 this was the first attempt of its kind in India. The State of

Maharashtra has obtained the leading position in the cooperative sugar industry and contribute to

the high part of the cooperative development. A number of sugar industry back arms than the

credit, as the input materials, fertilizer, pesticides, agricultural implements, etc. , in addition, the

processing and economic linkages.

THE CO-operative sugar factories perform the following functions:

1. Members get the sugarcane and profitable prices.

2. Sugarcane cultivation and development of input.

3. The sugar and the different.

4. The mobilising members.

5. The various development activities for the members.

The national association of cooperative sugar factories for the exercise of its functions.

1. Facilitate the coordination of cooperative and the sugar.

2. The propaganda, and the sugar the new co-agents.

3. Technical advice.

4. The publication.

5. The steering wheel, Laison NABARD, industrial financial company, S. B I, public and

district central cooperative banks and other financing agencies.

Sugar Industry In Maharashtra.

Sugar Industry developed a significant industry, poor Maharashtra the significant way

irregular. As the industry standards for the co-operation is ordered, the authority of village. An

investment of social life experienced agronomy experienced complete change operatives since

the establishment of provincial group sugar. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. D. R. Gadgil,

Vaikunthbhai Yashvantrao, Chavan, Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil, Dr. vasantdada Patil were the

pioneers of philosophy Agro industrial co-operative commonwealth in practice. The job, both in

the agricultural enterprises and the mechanical breakdown of sugar, the climbed the Maharashtra

since an outstanding industrial establishments.

23 State of Maharashtra 173 co-operative and private production lines, however, the

amount only cooperative industrial establishments are 2007.11 141 year the aim is the

cooperative sugar industry must be assigned to well-being of individuals and of the most

remarkable performance. The Indian Maharashtra, the sugar and the sugar is also donate it. The

spilled the sugar, sugar manufacturing plant is fixed to the sugarcane region. The mills assumed

significant socio-financial progress zones Maharashtra village. In 1991 India was recognized by

the new economic strategy. This strategy three dimensions i.e. liberalisation, privatisation and

globalisation. This arrangement around the rivalry raised private and helpful. The last two

decades Maharashtra sugar industry various external and internal problems. This paper discuss

the specialized few questions and the measures for this. Who was in the Maharashtra sugar

manufacturing plant in 1950-51. The plant has been added to the sugar with a further 191 2007-

08. The attached table shows the insert for the Maharashtra sugar

Table No. 5.03:

Maharashtra cooperative and the private sugar factories.

SR. Areas Cooperative Private Full

1 Kolhapur 19 1 20

2 Sangle 16 0 16

3 Satara 9 1 10

4 Pune 12 0 12

5 Solapur 16 2 18

6 Ahemadnagar 17 1 18

7 Nashik 5 2 7

8 Dhule 2 0 2

9 Nandurbar 3 0 3

10 Jalgaon 7 1 8

11 Aurungabad 7 2 9

12 Jalna 5 0 5

13 Beed 8 1 9

14 Parbhani 2 1 3

15 Hingoli 3 0 3

16 Nanded 7 0 7

17 Osmanabad 9 3 12

18 Latur 9 1 10

19 Buldhana 2 2 4

20 Yeotmal 4 0 4

21 Akola 2 0 2

22 Washim 1 0 1

23 Amrawati 3 0 3

24 Wardha 2 0 2

25 Nagpur 2 0 2

26 Bhandara 1 0 1

Full 173 18 191

Source: The sugar factories in Maharashtra State.

Maharashtra has installed all of the 191 sugar factories, 173 sugar plant is a private-sector

and 18 cooperative sector.

The Maharashtra sugarcane production.

Maharashtra was almost always allegedly sugarcane and sugar on top, however, master,

and now the 'accessibility sugarcane due to the downturn is not less than 30 percent of the staff.

The sugarcane availability regularly on the field, the growth, the atmosphere and with pain and

watering system, and offices is bothering you, famous sugar cycle and the different cultures. In

addition, the sugar industry at an advanced stage is also uneven. If there is not enough watering

system for offices, production lines or season is 160 days, that location is the similarly high

percentage of less than 11.5 percent13.75 but, if there is not enough watering system offices and

industrial facilities is not precipitate season more than 120 days, the downslope donate it is at a

low 9% The10.5 percent. All of these variables is recognized, the sugarcane the is not sufficient.

The sugarcane was throbbing with the 2008-09' 40,02 million tonnes per year may be, in contrast

to the previous 76,14 million tonnes. Compensation from the state of more than 72 metric tons,

while the usual sugarcane, a lakh. The state of the previous 10 years not more than 50 tonnes.

Well, a lakh. Therefore, the time of the year, when 40 percent of the staff, not the plants sugar

smashing season starts, provided that they could not, manufacturer's plant more than 100 days.

Establishment of State of Maharashtra sugarcane throughout the year for the 2000-01 and 2009-

10 is after.

Table No. 5.04:

The State of Maharashtra sugarcane production (MN/TN.)

SR. Do not. Year. Sugarcane.

1 2000-01 43.18

2 2001-02 45,14

3 2002-03 42,17

4 2003-04 25,67

5 2004-05 20,48

6 2005-06 38,85

7 2006-07 78,57

8 2007-08 88,43

9 2008-09' 60,65

10 2009-10 64,16

Source: cooperative, Pune 2011

The above table shows the 4.04 sugarcane production of Maharashtra State during the

year 2000-01 to 2009-10. The table below shows that the 2000-01 sugarcane production in the

State of Maharashtra was 64,16 43.18 Mn/TN Mn/TN grew up in the year 2009 10. Economic

growth in the 48,59 % of the total during the period of the investigation shows.

Maharashtra Co-Operatives sugar industry problems.

Fallow land and cooperatives in India in the spine the Indian. The case of Maharashtra

sugar cooperative, and the land 95 % of the total produced shall contribute to the presence of

sugar, the private sector to be almost insignificant in. Following some problems, which is also a

cooperative Maharashtra sugar sectors.

1. Education: approximately around the stick, so that sugar is also expensive, large part of

the experienced agronomy change would have liked to the jaggery, which is a

overabundance jaggery in the business sector. This solution ensures that the agronomy

experienced a pleasant adapted to the off-take, that a sensible price. It was part of the

development, that the pleasant small landholding rancher in a ten-gallon hat is also a

shareholder who was the same situation. The updated script over the years. How weak the

sugar cooperatives? Naiknavare Prakash, in accordance with supervising driver,

Maharashtra State Co-agent sugar factories federation Ltd. He said: "The most

importantproblem, a cooperative in sugar quite unprofessional, and the absence of

foresightedness of decision-making process.

2. The participation in the decision-making process: the choice for postponement and the

high number of individuals. Another problem is that the guy. I regular sugar industry is not

represented by the scandalous sugar and two years may be based on the outcome of a year."

The largest problem today to argue with any excess generation --the 10 tonnes and a lakh.

Well, a lakh. 1950 200 Tonnes. When you use the sugar market is expanding the consistent

pace with the 4 - 5 % per annum interest increases, but not the same as the treatment. And

so it was, you would have the cost of the sugar as the not so distant future. The three-month

option --from January to March is not long now --sugar costs RS 1,800 crashed the RS

1,300 per quintal.

3. A problem with the price , the cost: it is now more than the cost of the sugar cane sugar and

this has never happened before. Finally the impact of handlebar mustaches growled was

sugarcane. In the factories, installment of handlebar mustaches growled postponed. This

place, and will be planting the plant for example will change. Handlebar mustaches

growled joked, so a group of different yields will be forced to travel, to remedy the

deficiencies.

4. Design: the policy a offer of the sugar, the legislature has recently raised the fares the

boycott and the support. So and so, the lifting of the boycott a thrust air fares, an era ended

and the costs worldwide. This way, in spite of the fact that good health, sugar factories

were not equipped with the ship, to different nations strong. Preparation of the sugar has

been improved in recent decades, which has developed the lazy pace of sugar. This

prompted the stocks, which affect the crops sugar. This is the primary explanation for the

edge of the are. This is the sugar is also a world-wide through this exact position, and the

world's low-cost prediction, the legislation imports high-duty security. This is the case

should also be amended, if the legislature supports sends. While India is the country third

largest management on the planet, it is just the seventh largest exporter on the 2005-06

financial. In India about 20 million tonnes of sugar, which is only produces one million

tonnes. With a per capita use 18 kg, is much smaller than 59, Brazil and the largest exporter

of sugar.

5. Export support: the fundamental objection to why it is not possible, the fare that the

adventure is also predominantly prepare randy white sugar, which is not so much the global

market demand. In essence there is no interest in the sugar. Many nations have already

begun the air fare and its particular raw sugar refineries. Accordingly, we don't know to

catch the fare. It is not the distant future, a Maharashtra government support reported 1,000

RS per tonne, which is beyond the fare subsidy of RS 1,350 per quintal the quintal was

confirmed by the central government. The support for the fares up to 10 tonnes, then fifty

thousand men!

6. Availability: Maharashtra sugarcane, sugar, the nation is due to a shortage of less than the

30 percent yield is the staff and the greater deferred stick biscuits due to demand and higher

than spurring cost (SAP) State of Uttar Pradesh. The sugarcane available Coal pulverizing

mills this season (best products 2008-09'. Well, a lakh. Around 530 metric tonnes (LMT)

will be assessed against 761,74 LMT the past. This was two years later, the sugarcane

processing surplus one after the other, 2006-07, 798,49 909,47 LMT staff, then prepare a

lakh. Uncomplaining quintals of sugar was the LMT, and 761,74 909,76 bond with the

2007-08 already, then a lakh. The quintals sweetener. In fact, the State of Maharashtra was

the reward payment of uncrushed stick liquidation of RS 25 crore in 2007-08, and RS 131

crore last year. The producers of the stick, but this is not disturbed, the storm, which

coupled with the draft force long after by reducing load and similar products, to soybean.

Similarly, the producers had burned down so the stick in his hand the sugar factories or pre-

payment, provided that they are still uncrushed

7. Professional management: The new era of economic reforms, industrial environment has

changed drastically. However, if a little professionalism permeates the cooperative sector.

In today's highly competitive and globalised business environment, there is an urgent need

of professional guidance for successful conduct of cooperative organizations. The

operatives of professional management should be a period of one hour. This is also needed

for the industry association that are of interest. The general trend was observed, that the

growth in the professionalization of management because of the lack of any cooperative

organizations for training and education. The financial indiscipline would prevail, that the

transparency and the expert body's breach of the sugar. In spite of the fact that the

structure of the sugar mills the State of Maharashtra, they can figure out how to stand on

its own. The state is the sugar industry as dire needs of the cooperative administration. The

expert approach is the showcase for the cooperatives, cooperative my discovery.

8. The anti-corruption practices: debasement Maharashtra cooperative sugar industry have

already disintegrated. According to the company, the cultivator. In fact, a small rancher in a

ten-gallon hat could be part of the processing plant and can also lead to further processing

of the executive or plant. However, the ignorant, the majority of handlebar mustaches

growled or half-learned and minimum financial interest. The mechanism is the cooperative

sugar plants he has no financial responsibility for the persons the steerage. The basic

Boolean expression of any cooperative endeavor to secure the small and weaker aggregate

investment of social order. The original practice in the accurate aim, with the cooperation.

The cooperatives THE sugar the cooperatives experienced some huge agronomy who is

used to use as a tool for personal investment. The investment the shield on the agronomy,

experienced a modest support the personal and political and financial support to the

degenerate. Monetary unaccountability, high political aspirations, and the fortune voracity

corruption cash requests

The Indian sugar industry:

The sugar was politicized in the Indian and basic raw material law, 1955. The great

public support and a significant part of the industry the industry performance. The Indian sugar

industry, the legislature shall be managed by raw material and confirms the treasury cost of firms

(SMP) buy up the sugarcane begins after the sugar sugar of the year. Over the years is constantly

rising, SMP accompanied her. Looking at it, despite the fact that the political investment SMP is

used for the administration, however, still an uneconomical way. Further, the legislative body of

the sugar and the sugar companies the double cost. The "sugar" amount, the firms in the sugar

the sailing measure the transfer to the yield is the legislature of UN-profitable costs, are of a

lower cost, than the company shall be provided. However, yield, and the remaining amount of

sugar in the legislature could be disposed of, it's a free demo. It is essential that the SMP

program only up to the development areas during processing sugarcane, and does not provide

any incentive to enhance the sugarcane sucRs material. This is evident from the way the sugar

substance donate it remained stagnant for stick approximately 10 % during the previous two

decades we thought the 12 13 percent more sugar preparation of some other nations. The

mechanism of the sugar industry in India in the year 2005, 20 sugar show that even the Indian

states are creating a new impetus to give for the 12 main near the 97,72 percent.

In 2005 06, sugar across India over 581 processes for the total 18 190 MT, then a lakh.

Sugar, which is currently only 455. Around 312 were the factories, the cooperative area of 205

public and 64 in company. The private mills area of more than 15 % of the amount has been

added to the corporatization. Still even more part of the industry more than 50 percent of the

industry was the operatives.

The India's largest customer and the second largest master at the planet the sugar. India,

the FY 2007-08 26,3 million tonnes and processed 22.5 million tonnes of sugar are now

seriously depleted. The opening of the 9.55 million tonnes in 2008-09, in India in the year and

the stocks close to 4 million tons. India's largest purchaser of land worldwide, which 15 % of the

total. It is also a huge swing from year to year reporting of all extreme vacillations design affects

the rate as the affectionate interchanges, and a great little sugar supplier. India s is a huge, if

possible, the net exporter supplier for a period of two years. It is the last day at the end, the net

trading and importing 2009. This shows the stunning cyclicality. provincial sugar industry17

The basic principle we strive that the downturn is not so much the planet is the sugar shortage in

India wide processor. The latest gauges the Indian associations propose sugar sugar mills yield if

he finds out the MT 15.43 % of the 26,3 MT achieved by 2007-08. Taking into account the

exceptional yield, India is currently the the operator's cycle. Optional higher yield impacting

started stick producer costs 2006-07, various switch covers similar high paddy and wheat. India

region staff decreased 16 percent of the 4.41m ha area of 5,29 million 2007-08 2008-09' hecta

Progress Of Sugar Industry In India:

The following tables show the ongoing sugar industry in India.

Table No. 5.05:

State Wise Sugar Production In India:

Source:

National Association cooperative sugar factories Ltd. , New Delhi.

The following table shows: 3.06 the power is the wise sugarcane production in India in the 2000-

01 year 2008-09. The table below shows that in 2000-01 the sugarcane production in India, then

2959.57 3405.57 a lakh. Tonnes in 2007-08 and the year, then again a lakh. Tones up to

2946.56 in the year 2008-09.

Sugarcane Availability:

Sugarcane occupies about 4.2 per cent of the total cultivable kharif area and is one of the

most important cash crops in the country. The sugarcane acreage has gradually increased from

2.70 million hectares in 1980-81 to 5.29 million hectares in 2007-08, owing to enhanced land

diversion from other crops for economic reasons. From 154 MMT in 1980-81, the sugarcane

production increased to 241 MMT in 1990-91 and to 263 MMT in 2007-08.

Table No. 5.06:

Major State Wise Production of Sugarcane in India during the year 2000-01 to 2009-10.

(Lakh Tonnes)

State

2000-

01

2001-

02

2002-

03

2003-

04

2004-

05

2005-

06

2006-

07

2007-

08

2008-

09

Andhra

Pradesh 176.90 180.82 153.87 150.70 157.39 176.56 216.92 202.54 155.33

Bihar 39.88 52.11 45.21 42.86 41.12 43.38 59.56 40.83 43.52

Gujrat 126.95 124.65 140.71 126.69 145.70 145.80 156.30 168.50 143.04

Haryana 81.70 92.70 106.50 92.80 80.60 81.80 95.80 88.60 80.50

Karnataka 429.24 330.17 324.85 160.15 142.76 182.67 286.70 244.64 173.57

Maharashtra 495.89 451.40 421.67 256.68 204.75 388.53 785.68 805.99 570.42

Punjab 77.70 92.50 92.90 66.20 51.70 48.60 60.20 67.00 63.00

Tamilnadu 331.88 326.20 241.65 176.56 233.96 351.07 411.24 383.46 351.82

Uttarpradesh 1060.68 1179.82 1209.48 1127.54 1187.15 1254.70 1339.49 1246.65 1201.40

Tttaranchal 73.49 75.55 73.32 76.51 64.41 61.34 61.00 76.86 76.86

Others 65.26 66.16 59.17 61.93 61.34 77.27 81.47 80.50 87.10

All India 2959.57 2972.08 2869.33 2338.62 2370.88 2811.72 3554.36 3405.57 2946.56

Source: National Federation of Cooperative Sugar Factories Ltd. New Delhi.

The Table No. 3.06 shows the performance of State Wise Production of Sugarcane in India

during the year 2000-01 to 2008-09. The Table shows that in the year 2000-01 the total

production of sugarcane in India was 2959.57 lakh tonnes rose up to 3405.57 in the year 2007-08

and again come down up to 2946.56 lakh tones in the year 2008-09.

Table No. 5.07:

Major State wise area under sugarcane in India during the year 2000-01 to 2008-09 (lakh

Ha.)

Status

2000-

01

2001-

02

2002-

03

2003-

04

2004-

05

2005-

06

2006-

07

2007-

08

2008-

09

Andhra

Pradesh 2.17 2.18 2.33 2.09 2.10 2.30 2.64 2.47 2.00

Bihar 0.94 1.13 1.07 1.04 1.04 1,01 1.13 1.19 1.08

Gujrat 1.78 1.76 2.03 1.76 1.97 1.97 2.14 2.08 1.97

Haryana 1.43 1.61 1.89 1.60 1.30 1.27 1.40 1.40 1.15

Karnataka 4.17 4,07 3,83 2,43 1.78 20,19 3.26 2.96 2.10

Maharashtra 5,95 5.78 5,73 4,43 3,24 5.01 10,49 10,88 7,70

Punjabi 1.21 1.42 1.54 1.23 0.86 0.84 0.99 1.11 1.05

Tamilnadu 3.15 3.21 2,61 1.92 2,32 3,36 3.91 3.52 3,23

Uttarpradesh 19,38 20,35 21,49 20,30 19,55 21,56 22,47 21,79 20,58

Uttaranchal 1.22 1.26 1.34 1.28 1.07 1,01 1.21 1.24 1.24

Among

other things, 1.76 1.34 1.34 1.30 1,39 1.49 1.70 1.79 1.98

All India 43.16 44.11 45.20 39.38 36.62 420.10 51.34 50.43 44.08

Source: National Association cooperative sugar factories Ltd. , New Delhi.

The above table no 4.07 shows state wise area under sugarcane in India in 2000-01 year

2008 09. The table below shows that the total area sugarcane in India in 2000-01 year HC 43,16

a lakh you! He stood up, then fifty thousand men! If the 2006-07 year 51,34 and 44,08 up again,

then a lakh ha! 09 Year 2008.

Table No. 5.08:

Progress In Sugar Cane Area, Production And Yield In India During The Year 2000-01.

Year

Area

hectares – (000) Production( '000 tonnes) Yield/ha

2000-01 4316 295956 68.60

2001-02 4430 297208 67.40

2002-03 4361 281575 64.60

2003-04 3995 236176 59.10

2004-05 4269 270000 63.25

2005-06 5007 324705 64.85

2006-07 5151 355520 69.02

2007-08 5055 348190 69.00

2008-09' 4415 285030 66.90

2009-10 42.02 292300 69.56

Source: National Association cooperative sugar factories Ltd. , New Delhi.

The above table no. 4.08 shows the area information on sugarcane production during the year,

1994-95 and the 2009-10. The area the year 1994-95 hectors sugarcane grew up in India is 3.87

meters long and 4,20 , a lakh. Well, a lakh. The 2009-10. The sugarcane production was the year

1994-95 27,55 - 29,23 for crores crores voices raised in 10 2009. The sugarcane/hectors it was

different each year.

Table No. 5.09:

Number of Operating sugar factories, production and recoveries in India..

Year The sugar factories.

Sugar production

(000 Tonnes) Recovery ( %)

2000-01 436 18511 10,48

2001-02 434 18529 10,27

2002-03 453 20100 10.36

2003-04 461 17,000 10,21

2004-05 472 12670 10,19

2005-06 489 18960 10.31

2006-07 504 28367 10.28

2007-08 455 19797 10,21

2008-09' 501 21391 10.16

2009-10 503 18912 10,14

Source: report of the Indian sugar mills.

The table No. 3.09 shows sugar factories in that year, the production and recovery 1994-

95 and 2009-10. In the 1994-95 increased the number of sugar factories in India up to 503 408 in

2009 10. The numbers in the sugar production in the following table was 1.46 1.89 crores 1994-

95 crores voices raised his voice the year 2009 10.

Factors Governed By The Indian Sugar Industry:

Domestic sugar stock position in the excess emissions in the current season is likely to

outstrip domestic consumption somewhere. Between 2010-11 the sugar is the 24-25 million

tonnes, which 30-35 percent of the increase. The approximately 23 million tons consumed in

India and thus will be approximately 1.5 million tonnes of export markets. In spite of the fact

that the sugar is also a good price for the goods is also the it will bring an upswing. The prices

in the range of RS. The 28,000 RS. 29,000 Metric tonnes, the recovery of RS. Experienced

25,000 2010.

The transient in general, the sugar related items. First of all, the universal unrefined crude

oil which the raw sugar figure: ethyl-alcohol mixture from Brazil, the planet's largest master. In

addition, by the Government of India The fares the sugar, and jobs. Thirdly the want to buy it

coming in the domestic sugar processing, which begins by season more and more close to the

ground April 2011 staff was already known the approaching season. You want to data based on

the ICRA, the costs may be a modest sugar up on the following 6 months. By the time the sugar

and the industry is moving forward. The amendment takes note of the sugar and the resulting

decline in March 2010 change forces taken between 2009-10 edges for the sugar factories, the

sugar and reporting or misfortune cascading benefits since the famous. Excess incorporation of

parts may also be affected by the weather conditions a significant industrial processing. The raw

crude oil cost, which checks the main problem with the ethanol the stick, and the other is very

important. Therefore, the cost break the world perhaps the most important factors that influence

the future market efficiency. Similarly, the legislative and the judicial guarantee between the

appropriate staff costs and sugar costs may also be the key for the long-lasting disease of sugar

not for practicality.

Co-Operative Sugar Industry: The Growth Centers Of Maharashtra Rural & Socio-

Economic:

Sugar cooperative in view of enlargement sugarcane production is also more appropriate

for farmers, more irrigation opportunities and their area of operation. In addition, the educational

institutions, health facilities, etc. , have undertaken an increase a part of the development area

operatives slider for the growth and the additional units, such as the paper, which, in turn,

devices, etc. distiller greater employment and LED further industrial development in rural areas.

The success of the sugar CO, which undertakes the development area to the other agro-based

processing units dairy co-operatives, such as rotate, fruit processing agricultural units on the

basis of industrialization, and helped the development of agriculture and of the necessary

transformation in rural areas, as well as the process, the benefit of these activities is also farmers

and their benefits and procedures within. This process is the transformation of rural and the

striking rather than the western Maharashtra and Solapur district, where the cooperative sugar

factories is indeed the "Growth"18 rural development centers.

Maharashtra Sugar Industry, inter alia, is a large scale, the most remarkable and sugar

assembly on the nation. Working on the development of sugar is tremendous in recent years. In

accordance with the most up to date information the State of Maharashtra is proof that this

improvement is shown in the different states the nation. The sugar is very famous in Maharashtra

to the cooperative as agronomy must have experienced a part of the sugar. Since then the sugar

industry a fantastically good development Maharashtra because of the variety of favorable. One

of the boss products, Maharashtra Sugarcane is also the group sugar business over the years it

has been.

Maharashtra THE cooperative statures the sugar industry had seen at the track, the

potential to replace the actualized sugar. Today, the idea, the prospects are not on the state of

Maharashtra sugar mass. You know the state he has some help rendering the individuals who

require direction of travel. Maharashtra does not help the sugar industry virtually India 40

percent of aggregate sugar. The ingenious innovation brought me to the Maharashtra sugar

industry, the possible completely figured it out. The sugar in the State of Maharashtra has been

dedicated to the catalytic converter and about rural area development. Also many helpful sugar

factories more contribution to the economic and social development is the regional areas. For

some specifically designed for this innovation. The factory's instrumental in educational

institutions, hospitals, laboratories, and of the poultry units, warehouses, consumer, cooperative

banks, libraries, recreation center, in fact, it would be no exaggeration to say that almost all the

sugar factories took over, the welfare state functions of the area. If not on its own initiative, the

region would have had these devices have already been several years ago. The advanced

characters controlled by the rural area of cooperative sugar factories goes through a huge change.

The Review of Maharashtra sugar industry:

Started in the State of Maharashtra may 1960 first. This tropical. The British organization

created the sugar processing plant and the sugarcane and straightforwardly, Ahmednagar

Haregaon 1919 error messages of the scene. In 1930 he picked up the sugar the Walchand

assembling industrial establishment Walchandnagar Pune location. In 1932 the Government of

India had been arrested the monetary the sugar industry. The following year, the sugar, the

production lines, Kolhapur, Phaltan Rawalgaon 1933and started. There are three sugar IN 1934

was the Malinagar belwandi processing plants, and Tilaknagar. In 1939 the two mill Shripur

Sakharwadi and has been in 1941 and two more and more Changdeonagar and Laxmiwadi was

created, so the amount of sugar 12 production plants. Both private sector.

In 1945 he held a meeting under the chairmanship of the irrigators Gadgil D. R. if the

proposal of the co-operative sugar processing plant and groundwork have unanimously endorsed

the safe processing of sugar Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil-Loni , responded to the cooperative sugar

factory the Pravara. This sugar has become an industrial sustainable development co-operative

sugar industry to the nation. The sugar in the generation, sugarcane production plant, the 1953

Maharashtra sugarcane since preparation - 54. Add the sugar to the cooperative production lines

segment has been added to the 01 - 173 five decades, however, the only 141 days now

cooperative sugar factory's expectations. Amounts of private industrial establishments decreased,

while yet in 1990 the new economic policy in the individual sugar Rs plants to 04-22. Favorable

Government approach to the sugar mills within itself in this period. At the same the sugarcane

area with a lakh hectares, then! Has been added to the 1.98 kg is 10.17 Volts, then a lakh

hectares. Treatment and sugarcane has also added the 48,36 -834,44 a lakh tonnes well! Well, a

lakh. Tonnes.20 co-operative sugar processing plants have already begun my life and supported

by the division of handlebar mustaches growled their of the sugarcane. So, each generation is

maximized sugarcane.

The last fifty years in Maharashtra fixed plants for processing the sugar quickly

expanded. The sugar mills are not current innovation of sugar. The speculation has also added

the sugar manufacturing plant. In the limit can be extended the cooperative sugar production

lines and the private sector sugar Mills was 853,6 limit deduced increased 1.97 times the period

between 1980-81 to 2006-07. This shows the cooperative-production plant is very fast as the

sugar. The State of Maharashtra increased on the address, the Indian state is the next generation

sugar. The most notable benefit of the State of Maharashtra sugar sector, as opposed to the

standard are also vital India.

Table No. 5.10:

Performance of Sugar Factories in Maharashtra

Features Sugar seasons

2009-

10

2008-

09.

2007-

08

2006 -

07

2005.

06

2004-

05

2003-

04

2002-

03

2001-

02

2000-

01

The installed

the sugar

factories. 199 195 193 188 187 185 184 178 160 143

Built-in

capacity

(TCD) well, a

lakh. 5.01 4.75 4,71 4.55 4,48 4.49 4.4 4.31 3.9 3.46

The sugar

factories

operations. 142 147 174 163 142 102 136 160 135 137

Gross working

day 170 107. 182 189 121 115 90 135 155 189

Sugarcane area

(hectares) 10.17 6.24 3.24 4.43 5.73 5.78 5.95

Maharashtra State is the major public production of sugar cane and sugar. Table 3.10

shows that the growth performance of the installed capacity of the sugar factories, sugar factories

operations, gross, area under sugarcane, sugarcane, sugar production, capacity utilization, the

recovery % cane, is lost is available.

The Indian sugar industry's main impetus, supporting country India financial

development. Typically a wide range of industry support more than 50 million of handlebar

mustaches growled and members of their families, professionals, and business people are very

close to 500 factory, is separated from a group of the wholesalers and traders the nation. Today

the industry is also the cross, made with the sugar and attempt the world is outside the sugarcane

that will pass the renewable vigor, ethanol and cogeneration. While some accidental contribution

would have been a previously, it was not, it is necessary to evaluate the possible Indian and to

improve the extensive and actionable, the Indian business it could not do the legitimate food and

vigor maker, a title the planet.

Table: No. 5.11: Financial Performance Of Cooperative Sugar Factories In Maharashtra

State During The Year 2009-10.

well, a lakh.

Sugarcane

(tonnes) well,

a lakh. 613,90 400,27 762,27 798,83 445,71 194,58 290,39 534,74 483,86 576,55

Sugar

production

(tonnes) well,

a lakh. 70,66 45,79 90,74 91,00 51,98 22,17 31,71 62,21 45,14 49,57

Capacity

utilization ( %) 94,51 97,41 92,12 94,98 99,54 95,34 93,95 99,39 97,69 98,76

% Recovery

reeds 11,55 11.46 11,94 11,39 11,68 11,42 10,94 11,68 11,62 11,64

He is lost. -IS

AVAILABLE. 15,44 15,30 15,68 14,56 13,76 13.31 15,27 13,42 13,46 13,29

Pol, reeds 13,46 13,36 13.90 13,42 13,58 13.3 . 12,87 13,62 13,54 13,62

SR. Data Zones of Maharashtra State sugar

South Center North

East

Eastern

State

1

Reeds cost

Cane price 1953.28 2087.90 1959.31 2018.87

2 Harvest and transport 230,89 276,56 275,75 259,14

3 Purchase tax 54,26 61,53 65,94 59,52

4 Total staff cost [ 1 + 2 + 3). 2238.43 2425.99 2301.00 2337.53

5

Cash

Conversion

Cost

Performance 7,82 7,90 7,59 7,83

6 Chemical and medical

consumables 16,82 21,52 18,42 19,30

7 Salary and wages 156,77 158,12 112,81 151,27

8 Packaging 44,59 49,23 55,05 48,29

9 Repair and Service 63,99 81,92 62,03 72,33

10 Costs 79,40 67,36 72,32 72,62

11 Total cash conversion cost [ 5 + 7 +8

+6 +9 + 10). 369,40 386,05 328,21 371,64

12 Depreciation 52,40 50,52 50,31 51,22

13

THE

Working capital In) H x

44.60 62,18 66,17 56,08

14 Loan term 21,73 31.07 30,29 27,31

15 Element 20,82 16,68 16,62 18,48

16 Total interest [ 13 +14 +15). 87,15 109,94 113,09 101,87

17 Conversion cost [ 11 + 12 + 16). 508,95 546,51 491,61 524,73

18 Total cost of production 2747.38 2972.50 2792.61 2862.26

The +17 per quintal sugar [ 4]

(The average cost of a clever per quintal of sugar crushing cooperative sugar factories more than

90 % capacity.

The table 3.11 shows the financial performance of Maharashtra cooperative sugar

factories in the financial year 2009-2010. The table shows that the total cost of production was

RS 2747.38 the Southern Zone, Central zone RS. 2972.50 , North-eastern RS. 2792.61 And

Eastern Europe was Rs. is taken from state. 2862.26 . The study concluded that there was less

than the southern states are borne by cost of production i.e. RS. 2747.38

The sugar industry in Marathwada:

It was part of the Marathwada region; one in while the merger of the Nizam state of old

Bombay 1948. The sugar factory established in 1957 by the private sector the Gangapur Dhoot

of Aurungabad Marathwada district Belapur who sold the sugar mills Ltd. , in 1968 the factory

the cooperative sector. This was the beginning of the Marathwada cooperative movement the

sugar sector. End of 1985, the cooperative sugar factories Marathwada was 22 of 18, the 4 the

provisioning. These units, which metal structures of self-produced 4 installation in 1985,

probably within a year of production 1986 87 times. Marathwada region 36 is currently the sugar

factories. Marathwada region of Maharashtra state, sugarcane production options is in good

condition and the sugar industry for Brix Marathwada because the land is very fertile and the

climate suitable for sugarcane growing crop. Sugar increases the income for farmers, which shall

be assisted by an ad hoc and permanent employment have the foreign exchange and helps to

develop the various ancillary and the product. This is a good industrial and economic

development of the region.

Table NO. 5.12:

Sugar factories in the Marathwada

SR. Sugar factories

Areas Cooperating Private Full

1 Aurungabad 7 2 9

2 Jalna 5 0 5

3 Beed 8 1 9

4 Parbhani 2 1 3

5 Nanded 7 0 7

6 Osmanabad 9 3 12

7 Latur 9 1 10

8 Hingoli 3 0 3

Source: Performance of Sugar Factories in Maharashtra 2010.

Table 3.12 shows the district wise development of the sugar factories Marathwada. This

is the table below, 50 cooperative sugar factories Whereas private 8 sugar factories in

Marathwada.

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