chapter four fixed rate mortgage loans. chapter objectives characteristics of constant payment...
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CHAPTER FOURCHAPTER FOUR
FIXED RATE
MORTGAGE LOANS
Chapter ObjectivesChapter Objectives
• Characteristics of constant payment (CPM), constant amortization (CAM), and graduated payment mortgages (GPM)
• Effective cost of borrowing v.s. lenders effective yield
• Calculate discount points or loan origination fees
Determinants of Mortgage Determinants of Mortgage Interest RatesInterest Rates
• Real rate of interest- the required rate at which economic units save rather than consume
• Rate of inflation
• Nominal rate or constant rate i= r+f
• Nominal rate= real rate plus a premium for inflation
Determinants of Mortgage Determinants of Mortgage Interest RatesInterest Rates
• Default risk- creditworthiness of borrowers• Interest rate risk- rate change due to market
conditions and economic conditions• Prepayment risk- falling interest rates• Liquidity risk• i=r+ f+ P…
Development of Mortgage Development of Mortgage Payment PatternsPayment Patterns
• Constant amortization mortgage (CAM)
• Constant payment• Interest computed on the monthly loan
balance• Constant amortization amount• Total payment= constant amortization
amount plus monthly interest
Development of Mortgage Development of Mortgage Payment PatternsPayment Patterns
• Constant payment mortgage (CPM)• Constant monthly payment on original
loan• Fixed rate of interest for a given term• Amount of amortization varies each
month• Completely repaid over the term of the
loan
Development of Mortgage Development of Mortgage Payment PatternsPayment Patterns
• Graduated payment mortgage (GPM)
• Mortgage payments are lower in the initial years of the loan
• GPM payments are gradually increased at predetermined rates
Loan ConstantsLoan Constants
• Used prior to financial calculators
• Loan constant=
annual debt service
original loan balance
Loan Closing Costs and Loan Closing Costs and Effective Borrowing CostsEffective Borrowing Costs
• Statutory costs
• Third party charges
• Additional finance charges i.e. loan discount fees, points
Effective Interest Cost Effective Interest Cost ExamplesExamples
• Contractual loan amount $60,000
• Less organization fee(3%) $ 1,800
• Net cash disbursed by lender $58,200
• Interest rate= 12%
• Term 30 years
Effective Interest Cost Effective Interest Cost Examples ContinuedExamples Continued
• Calculator solution– n=360– PMT= -617.17– PV= 58,200– FV= 0– i=1.034324 (12.41% annualized)
Other Fixed Rate MortgagesOther Fixed Rate Mortgages
• Characteristics and Requirements:
• Regulation Z- truth in lending (APR)
• RESPA- Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act
• Prepayment penalties and other fees
• Reverse annuity mortgages (RAMs)
Reverse Annuity Reverse Annuity Mortgage ExampleMortgage Example
• Residential property value $500,000• Loan amount (to be disbursed
• in monthly installments) $250,000
• Term 10 years 120 months
• Interest Rate 10%
Reverse Annuity Reverse Annuity Mortgage Example ContinuedMortgage Example Continued
• Calculator solution:– FV=-250,000– i=10%/ 12– PMT= ?– n=120– Solve for payment $1220.44