chapter – 1 introduction · activity and plan the appropriate action to control risk by the most...

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

M/s. Shree Petro Chemical Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi,

Taluka: - Maliya, District: - Morbi, Gujarat.

T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) NABET Accredited

Chapter-1: Introduction 1.1

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble

M/s. Shree Petro Chemical is proposing to manufacture Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin at Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: Maliya, District: Morbi, Gujarat. A detail of proposed product is as given below:

Table 1.1: Details of Proposed Product

Sr. No. Name of Product Production Capacity

MT/Month

1. Unsaturated Polyester Resin 300

2. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 70

3. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 25

4. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 25

M/s. Shree Petro Chemical has a total land area of 11,432 m2. Out of the stated land area approximately 3,674 m2 is green belt area (approx. 32.14% of the total land area). The unit has already obtained Non Agricultural (NA) permission and the same is attached as Annexure – 2. The total estimated cost of the proposed project is Rs. 1.8 Crores. Total budget allocation towards Environmental Management Facilities will be approx. Rs. 18 Lakhs.

1.2 Purpose of the EIA Report The proposed product i.e. Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin (being synthetic organic chemicals) falls under Category 5(f) as stated in Environment Impact Assessment Notification Published on 14th September, 2006. Further, the location of proposed project is outside the notified industrial estate and fall in Small Industrial Unit criteria as per the Notification dated 25th June2014. Hence, the project proponent has to obtain the Environmental Clearance from the State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Gujarat. As per the requirements of the notification, an application was submitted on 22ndOctober, 2016 along with Form-1, Pre-Feasibility Report and draft Terms of Reference (TOR). The SEIAA has issued the TOR wide letter no. SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/5(f)/96/2017 dated 18th February 2017 (refer Annexure – 1). Based






on the TOR letter issued by the SEIAA, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared covering all aspects of the TOR. The purpose of the preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is not only to obtain Environmental Clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Gujarat, but also to understand the likely impacts and to take Environment Protection/Management measures during and after commissioning of the project.

1.3 Promoters and their Background

Table 1.2: Promoters and their Background

Sr. No.

Name of Directors Educational

Qualification Experience

1 Mr. Hashmukhbhai

Thoriya ITI

3 years of experience in production of unsaturated polyester resin

2 Mr. Keval Varmora Civil Diploma 2 years of experience in production of ceramic raw material

3 Mr. Vishal Thoriya

M.L.W. (Master of labour welfare )(Special human

resource)

4 years of experience in management section.

1.4 Need of the Project and its Importance to the Country Resins are predominantly used in the wood based product manufacturing industry as adhesives. Growth of the resin market is strongly correlated to construction/remodeling activity (which accounts for over 50% of consumption), and to a lesser degree, to the automotive industry. The proposed products like Phenol Formaldehyde Resins mainly used to manufacture Laminated Sheets. These sheets have good market demand to develop the home and office for furniture. Good quality raw materials are available at cheap rates in India, enabling the manufacturing at low cost. This increases the profit margin as compared to other players in the world. To meet the current and future market demand, the project proponent intends to start a new unit.






The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the form of applicable taxes. Indirect contribution to the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in development of economy as well as local physical infrastructure for further boosting of industrial development with sustainable approach as the industries need to maintain good environment & safety condition to get better marketplace.

1.5 Location of the Proposed Project and Siting Criteria

The proposed project is to be located at Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: Maliya, District: Morbi, Gujarat. It is situated at Latitude: 23° 3'15.45"N and Longitude: 70°53'9.63"E Nearest major city is Morbi which is about 23.18 km far from the project site in South direction. National Highway 947 & State Highway 7 is approx. 0.66 km away from the project site in SSW direction

Co-ordinates of all corners of the site

Point Latitude Longitude

1 23° 3'12.41"N 70°53'10.22"E 2 23° 3'14.37"N 70°53'12.24"E 3 23° 3'18.61"N 70°53'8.57"E 4 23° 3'16.71"N 70°53'6.59"E

Figure: 1.1 Location of the Project Site

(Source: Google Earth)






The proposed site has been selected due to its proximity to availability of raw materials, consumer centers and infrastructure facilities like power, water, communication etc. The siting criteria described in Section 4.2.4 of Technical EIA Guidance Manual (TGM) for Synthetic Organic Chemical Industry has been considered and the same are given in the following table. While siting industries, care is taken to minimize the adverse impact of the industries on immediate neighborhood as well as distant places. Some of the natural life sustaining systems and some specific land uses are sensitive to industrial impacts because of the natural and extent of fragility. With a view to protect such sites, the industries may maintain the following distances, as far as possible, from the specific area listed below, also there is general siting factors including as follow;

Table 1.3: General siting Criteria

Details Requirement Compliance

Forest

No forest land shall be converted into non-forest activity for the sustenance of the industry.

No forest land is involved in the proposed project site

Agricultural Land

No prime agricultural land shall be converted into industrial site.

NA permission is obtained for this project. NA permission is attached as Annexure - 2.

Layout

Enough space should be provided for storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, Utilities, Raw material storage, Fly ash, other storage like solid wastes so that these could be available for possible reuse.

The total acquired land is 11,432 m2. Enough space will be provided according to the requirement. This can be verified from the Lay-out given in the Chapter-2.

Major settlements (3,00,000

population):

At the time of siting of the industry, if the notified limit of any major settlement is found to be within 50 km from the project boundary, the spatial direction of growth of the settlement for at least a decade must be assessed.

Nearest major habitation is Morbi which is about 23.18km far from the project site in South direction.






Details Requirement Compliance

Ecologically and/or otherwise

Sensitive areas

Preferably 5 km depending on the geo-climatic conditions the requisite distance may be decided appropriately by the Environmental agency.

No ecologically sensitive area falls within 5 km radius distance. Ghudakhar Wild Ass sanctuary is at 5.88 km from project boundary.

Transport / Communication

system

Preferably ½ km. away from highway and railway line.

National Highway 947 & State Highway 7 is approx. 0.69 km away from the project site in SSW direction Nearest Railway line is Khakhrechi Railway Station – 3.06 km in East direction

Coastal areas Preferably ½ km away from high tide line (HTL)

None within 10 km radius of the project site.

Flood plain of the river line system

Preferably ½ km away from flood plain or modified flood plain affected by dam in upstream or flood control system.

Godadhari River is approx. 1.89 km from the project site in WNW direction

1.6 Scope of EIA Study

The EIA study includes determination of baseline conditions, assessment of the Impacts on the environment due to the construction and operation of the project and making recommendations on the preventive measures to be taken, to minimize the impact on the environment to acceptable levels. A suitable post-study monitoring program will be outlined. Environment Management Plan will be given based on the emissions and feasibility report. As per the guidelines, the generic structure of EIA is given in EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006 is maintained. The scope of study based on ToR/ MoEF&CC / CPCB guidelines is tabulated below;

Table 1.4: Scope of the Study

Environmental Aspects

No. of Locations Explanations

Meteorology 1 One season site specific meteorological status of the study was carried out for prediction of ground level concentration in downwind direction.

Ambient Air 5 The prevailing ambient air quality status








Quality was established through a network of stations monitored during the period of December – 2018 to February -2019. The ambient air quality monitoring as per the parameters prescribed in TOR was carried out within the study area of 5km.Prediction of impacts on air quality due to proposed operations were carried out through application of air quality models.

Water Surface Water (5) &

Ground Water (6)

The water quality data as per CPCB guidelines were analyzed to established baseline water quality of study area of 5 km. The wastewater generation, its characterization and management were carried out which was used in assessing the impact of the project on water environment.

Noise 5 Noise level measurements were carried out around the project site, data were also analyzed for establishing baseline status of noise and it was used in assessing the impact of the project on noise & vibration environment.

Soil 5 Soil samples were collected and have been analyzed to understand nutrient status as well as assessing the impact of the project on soil environment.

Ecology --

Flora and fauna species was listed based on the available secondary information. Field based primary data collection for biodiversity related data was carried out within 5 km radius around the proposed project.

Geology & Geo-hydrology

-- Geological and geo-hydrological investigation work has been carried out in and around the study area to know the status of the study area.

Risk and Hazard Analysis

-- Risk assessment study has been carried out to evaluate risk, assess its impact








associated to the proposed project activity and plan the appropriate action to control risk by the most economical means.

Socio-economic data

-- Existing baseline status of the socio-economic profile of the study area with reference to demographic structure, provision of basic amenities, health status incorporating economic pattern in the nearby rural areas (5 km radius) were undertaken, it was used in assessing the impact of the project on socio-economic environment.

1.7 Regulatory Frame Work The proposed project will abide and function under the purview of the following Rules, Acts & Regulations which are formulated by the government to protect environment and maintain good environmental conditions.

Table 1.5: Regulatory Frame Work

Sr. No.

Legal Instrument (Type, Ref., Year)

Concern Authority or Bodies

Applicability

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and its subsequent amendments

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Flue gas emission from stack attached to TFH. Unit will have to obtain CC&A after getting Environmental Clearance from Concern authority.

2 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and its subsequent amendments

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Wastewater generation from industrial activities as well as from domestic activities.

Unit will have to obtain CC&A after getting Environmental Clearance






Sr. No.



Applicability

from Concern authority.

3 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1975 and its subsequent amendments

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Wastewater generation from industrial activities as well as from domestic activities.

Unit will have to obtain CC&A after getting Environmental Clearance from Concern authority.

4 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 & Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986 and their subsequent amendments

Ministry of Environment and Forests, & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC.

Production of Synthetic Organic Chemicals (Unsaturated Polyester Resin, P. F. Resin, U. F. Resin and M. F. Resin)

5 Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2016

MoEF&CC, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, DGFT, Port Authority and Customs Authority

Generation of Solid & Hazardous Wastes from industrial activities.

Unit will have to obtain CC&A after getting Environmental Clearance from Concern authority.

6 Manufacture Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 amended 2000

MoEF&CC, Chief Controller of Imports and Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, Chief Inspector of Factories, Chief Inspector of Dock Safety, Chief Inspector of Mines, AERB, Chief Controller of Explosives, District Collector or District Emergency Authority, CEES under DRDO

Styrene, Formaldehyde (37%) will be stored less than threshold storage limit value mentioned in MAH category of MSIHC rule, 2000.






Sr. No.



Applicability

7 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996

CCG, SCG, DCG, LCG and MAH Units

Unit will identify whether Local or District Level Crisis Groups exist and take proactive part in preparing Offsite DMP.

8 EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments

MoEFCC, SPCB/UTPCC Fall into Schedule 5(f) category – B of EIA Notification – 2006.

List of products given in Table no. 1.1 of Chapter – 1 of EIA report.

9 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 amended 1992 & Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991 and its subsequent amendments

MoEFCC, District Collector Industrial units manufacturing chemical products and requirement of 15 workers

10 The Factories Act, 1948 Ministry of Labour, DGFASLI and Directorate of Industrial Safety and Health/Factories Inspectorate

Industrial units will apply to DISH (Director industrial safety and health), Gujarat after getting Environmental clearance from concern authority.

11 The Explosive Act, 1884 Ministry of Commerce and Industry (Department of Explosives)

All mandatory measures will be taken and permission will be taken under Explosive Act, 1884.

12 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and its amendments

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Noise may be generated due to industrial activities, construction and operational activities.






M/s. T. R. Associates (NABET Accredited EIA Consultant) was appointed by M/s. Shree Petro Chemical to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment study for their proposed project of manufacturing of Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Melamine Formaldehyde Resin.




T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad)NABET Accredited

Chapter-2: Project Description2.1

CHAPTER – 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Introduction

M/s. Shree Petro Chemical is proposing to manufacture Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Melamine Formaldehyde Resin at Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: Maliya, District: Morbi, Gujarat. Manufacturing of Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Melamine Formaldehyde Resin are covered under Category 5(f) ‘B’ as per the EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments.

2.2 Project Location

The proposed site is located at Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: Maliya, District: Morbi, Gujarat. Co-ordinates of the proposed project site are: Latitude: 23° 3'15.10"N and Longitude: 70°53'9.60"E.

The index map is given in Figure 2.1.

Google map showing surrounding area in 1 km radius and 5 km radius from the project site are given as Figure 2.2.

Topo sheet showing surrounding area in 10 km radius from project site is given as Figure 2.3.

Site History

The selected site for the proposed project was earlier an agricultural field. Different types of agriculture crops such as Cotton, Vegetables etc. were grown before the Non Agriculture (NA) permission obtained by the project proponent. Land possession document and NA permission is attached as Annexure - 2.




T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad)NABET Accredited

Chapter-2: Project Description2.2

Figure 2.1: Index Map

India Map Gujarat State Map

Google Image showing Project Site Morvi District Map

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Chapter-2: Project Discription 2.5

2.2.1 Justification of Site Selection

The unit is to be located at Khakhrechi Village in Maliya Taluka and site selection was guided by many factors like infrastructure, availability of land, water sources, fuel, transportation, power availability etc. Specific site selection criteria for the proposed project are given below;

The project site is highly developed with all basic infrastructure facilities such as proximity to man power, electricity, water supply, transportation, telecommunication systems etc.

Proposed project site is approximately 0.69 km away from National Highway No. 947 which is well connected to other state highways as well as national highway. Transport facilities for all over India are sound at project site.

The project site is intended for the industrial purpose and thus no displacement of population will take place.

There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco-sensitive area notified under the Environment (Protection) Act- 1986 exists within 10 km radius areas from the project site.

Availability of requisite skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labour from local area.

2.2.2 List of Major Industries within 10 km study area

Sr. No. Name of Industries Manufacturing 1. Casva Ceramic Ceramic manufacturing

2. M.B. Ceramic Ceramic manufacturing

3. White tone micro Ceramic raw material

manufacturing

4. Exrora Ceramic Ceramic manufacturing

5. Kroon Mineral Ceramic raw material

manufacturing





Chapter-2: Project Description 2.6

2.2.3 Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site

Salient features in the surroundings area of the proposed site as well as infrastructure availability with approximate aerial distance and direction are as given below:

Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site

Sr. No.

Important Features Description

1 Location Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: Maliya, District: Morbi, Gujarat

2 Project Site Co-ordinates Latitude: 23° 3'15.45"N

Longitude: 70°53'9.63"E

3 Temperature Range 8˚C to 40˚C (average)

4 Mean Sea Level 12 m

5 Annual Rain Fall 709 mm (average)

6 Nearest Railway Station Khakhrechi Railway Station – 3.06 km in East

direction

7 Nearest Airport Rajkot Airport – 82.39 km in South direction

8 Nearest City Morbi – 23.18 km in SW direction

9 Nearest Village Rapar– 1.83 km in SW direction

10 Nearest National Highway NH 947 – 0.66 km in SSW direction

11 Nearest State Highway SH 7 – 0.66 km in SSW direction

12 Nearest River/ Water

Body/ Canal

Godadhari River – 1.89 km in WNW direction

13 Nearest Notified National Parks/ Sanctuary/ Eco Sensitive Zone

No ecologically sensitive area falls within 5 km

radius distance. Ghudakhar Wild Ass sanctuary is

at 5.88 km from project boundary.

2.3 Details of Project Land & Plant Lay-Out

Proposed project land has already been converted into Non Agriculture land. Total available land area of premises is 11,432 m2, out of which 3,674 m2 (32.14%) area will be developed for greenbelt. Detailed break-up of land area is given in Table 2.2 and Plant Lay-out is shown in Figure 2.4.






Table 2.2: Area Break-up of Project Site

2.4 Capital Cost of the Proposed Project

Proposed manufacturing unit is a small Scale Unit having total investment of about Rs. 1.8 Crores. The break-up of the total capital cost is given in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: Break-up of Capital Cost for Proposed Project

Sr. No. Particular Cost (INR in Lakhs)

1 Land & site development 5.59

2 Factory Building 52.07

3 Plant & Machineries 104.34

4 Miscellaneous (including EMP cost) 18

Total 180

Sr. No. Particular Area (m2) % of Total Land

1 Built-up area 612 5.36

2 Greenbelt area 3,674 32.14

3 Open/ Road area 7,146 62.5

Total 11,432 100

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2.5 Details of Product and Raw Material Consumption

Details of proposed products are given below in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Details of Product

Sr. No. Name of Product Production Capacity End Use of Product

1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 300 MT/Month Ceramic Industry

2 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 70 MT/Month Laminate sheet manufacturing

3 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 25 MT/Month Laminate sheet manufacturing

4 Urea Formaldehyde Resin 25 MT/Month Laminate sheet manufacturing

For manufacturing of proposed products various raw materials will be required which are listed along with its consumption quantity in below given Table 2.5

Table 2.5: Details of Raw Material Consumption

Sr. No.

Name of Raw Materials Consumption Quantity

(MT/Month)

Unsaturated Polyester Resin (If we use Polyethylene Terephthalate as main raw

material)

1

Polyethylene Terephthalate 108.9

Propylene Glycol 90.2

Maleic Anhydride 33.3

Styrene (for resin dilution) 77.8

Unsaturated Polyester Resin (If we use Iso Phthalic Acid as main raw material)

2

Phthalic Anhydride 92.0

Mono Ethylene Glycol 77.1

Maleic Anhydride 54.9

Styrene (for resin dilution) 97.3

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin

3

Phenol 27.7

Formaldehyde (37%) 41.9

Caustic 0.4






Sr. No.

Name of Raw Materials Consumption Quantity

(MT/Month)

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin

4 Melamine 10

Formaldehyde (37%) 15

Urea Formaldehyde Resin 5 Urea 9.9

Formaldehyde (37%) 14.9

Caustic 0.1

Acetic Acid 0.1

Note: * The stated chemicals are considered as Hazardous Chemicals as per the Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 2000.

Note: When PET is not available then Phthalic Anhydride will be used as raw material.

2.6 Manufacturing Process

Manufacturing process of Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin including chemical reaction, mass balance and process flow diagram is described here below:

A. Unsaturated Polyester Resin (Using Poly Ethylene Terephthalate as main raw material)

A mixture of 1 mole Poly Ethylene Terephthalate (PET), 1.5 moles Propylene Glycol is fed to a reactor equipped with stirrer, thermometer, Nitrogen gas introducing tube and with condenser. The mixture is mechanically stirred and heated to 150 °C to 170 °C under nitrogen gas stream. When reaction mass become a clear, it is allowed to cool at room temperature and then add 0.6 mole Maleic Anhydride (MA) and continuous heated up to 200 °C – 210 °C until an acid number reaches below 10. During esterification reaction water formed as a part of reaction, which is continuously removed from the reaction mass as it inhibit the reaction rate. Then the produced unsaturated polyester resin is cooled to 160 °C. Then add 50 mg of Hydroquinone as inhibitor. When resin temperature dropped below the boiling point of reactive diluent (i.e. Styrene), the polyester resins were mixed with Styrene by 35 weight plastic resin. This mixture is ready for packing.






Chemical Reaction

Process Flow Diagram:






Mass Balance

Raw Material Input Quantity(Kg) Product Output

Quantity(Kg) Poly Ethylene Terephthalate 2249 Unsaturated Polyester

Resin 6196

Propylene Glycol 1862 Aqueous 210 Maleic Anhydride 689

Styrene 1606 Total 6406 Total 6406

B. Unsaturated Polyester Resin (Using Phthalic Anhydride as main raw material) Manufacturing Process

A mixture of 2 mole Mono ethylene Glycol (MEG), 1.0 mole Phthalic Anhydride (PA) will be fed to a reactor equipped with stirrer, thermometer, nitrogen gas introducing tube and water condenser. The mixture will be mechanically stirred and heated to 150 °C under nitrogen gas stream. When reactor mass become clear, it will be allowed to cool below 60 °C or room temperature and then 0.9 mole Maleic Anhydride (MA) will be fed and continuously heated to 200 °C – 210 °C until an acid number reaches below 10. During esterification reaction, water formed as a part of reaction and is continuously removed from the reaction mass as it inhibits the reaction rate. Then the produced unsaturated polyester resin is cooled to 160 °C. Then add 150 mg of Hydroquinone as inhibitor. When resin temperature dropped below the boiling point of reactive diluent (i.e. Styrene), the polyester resins were mixed with Styrene by 30 to 35 weight percent of resin. This mixture is ready for packing.

Chemical Reaction






Process Flow Diagram

Mass Balance

Raw Material Input Quantity(Kg) Product Output

Quantity(Kg)

Phthalic Anhydride 1972 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 6430

Mone Ethylene Glycol 1652 Aqueous 456 Maleic Anhydride 1176

Styrene (as diluent solvent) 2086

Total 6886 Total 6886 C. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Manufacturing Process

Take required quantity of Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%) and Caustic Soda in the reaction

vessel and start steam heating until the temperature reaches at 58 °C to 60 °C.

Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s. Shree Petro Chemical

Survey No.: 1261, Village: Khakhrechi, Taluka: - Maliya, District: - Morbi, Gujarat.



Temperature will increase up to 90 °C. Once the temperature reaches up to 90 °C then cut the

steam supply. Reflux process will be start at this point to achieve required water tolerance.

After achieving required water tolerance, start cooling to decrease temperature up to 60 °C.

Once the temperature reach at 60 °C stop cooling and start heating for distillation process for

required quantity of resin.

After achieving required amount of resins start cooling to obtain final product. Final product

will be checked for the properties like viscosity, pH, gel time etc.

Chemical Reaction







Mass Balance

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 70 MT/Month Batch size 5 MT

Working days per month 25 Days No. of batches per month 14 Nos.

Batch time 5 Hrs.

Particular MT/MT of

Product MT/Batch MT/Month

Input Phenol 0.526 2.63 36.82

Formaldehyde (37%) 0.789 3.945 55.23 Caustic Soda 0.005 0.025 0.35

Total 1.32 6.6 92.4

Output

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 1.000 5.000 70.00 Wastewater 0.32. 1.600 22.4

Total 1.32 6.6 92.4 D. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Manufacturing Process

The Formaldehyde (37%) is charged into reaction vessel and raises its pH up to 8.5 – 9.0 by adding Caustic Soda solution. Then Melamine is charged into vessel thoroughly to maintain the pH up to 8.5 – 9.0. Heat is supplied and raised temperature up to 82 °C. Maintain 82°C at pH 8.5 – 9.0 for 90 minutes till the precipitation is observed. Check the flow time in hot condition with B4 cup till it around 14.5 sec. Then take reaction at pH 9.0 by adding Caustic Soda solution. The mixture is cooled at 60 °C and cooling continued up to 40 °C by circulating cold water. Finally, check viscosity, tolerance, pH, turbidity etc. to obtain desired product properly.

Chemical Reaction







Mass Balance

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin (M. F. Resin) 25 MT/Month Batch Size 2 MT

Working days per Month 25 days No. of Batches per month 13 Nos.

Batch time 3.0 Hrs.

Particular MT/MT of Product MT/Batch MT/Month

Input Melamine 0.4 0.8 10

Formaldehyde (37%) 0.595 1.19 14.875 Caustic Soda 0.005 0.01 0.125

Total 1.0 2.0 25 Output

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 1.0 2.0 25 Total 1.0 2.0 25

E. Urea Formaldehyde Resin

Manufacturing Process






The polymerization reaction of Urea Formaldehyde Resin takes places in two stages. The first stage is an addition polymerization in which Urea & Formaldehyde (37%) undergo addition reaction, which takes place in neutral or slightly alkaline condition at pH 7.5 to 8.0 at elevated temperature 95 °C to 100°C. Methyl Urea formed in the first stage are allowed to reach further by lowering pH 4 to 6 using Acetic Acid where reaction takes place faster and leads to the formation of long chain polymer. The reaction is allowed to proceed further up to the desired viscosity and the reaction is arrested midway by raising the pH of the resin solution to 7.5 to 8.0 using Caustic Soda and then the reaction is cooled down to the room temperature and stored in sealed container. Check viscosity, tolerance, pH, gel time of the required batch of the resin.

Chemical Reaction







Mass Balance

Urea Formaldehyde Resin (U. F. Resin) 25 MT/Month Batch Size 2 MT

Working days per Month 25 days No. of Batches per month 13 Nos.

Batch time 6 Hrs.

Particular MT/MT of Product MT/Batch MT/Month

Input Urea 0.395 0.79 9.875

Formaldehyde (37%) 0.595 1.19 14.875 Caustic Soda 0.005 0.01 0.125 Acetic Acid 0.005 0.01 0.125

Total 1.0 2.0 25 Output

Urea Formaldehyde Resin 1.0 2.0 25 Total 1.0 2.0 25

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ay)

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Table 2.7: Details of Proposed Products

Sr. No. Description Physical

Form Mode of Storage Transportation

Capacity of

Storage

1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin Liquid

Stored in 2 no. of MS/SS tank (40 KL each)

Captive consumption & sale quantity will be transported by road,

rail & ship

80 MT

2 Phenol

Formaldehyde Resin

Semi Solid

Stored in 1 no. of MS tank


rail & ship

6 MT

3 Melamine

Formaldehyde Resin

Semi Solid



rail & ship

2.5 MT

4 Urea

Formaldehyde Resin

Semi Solid



rail & ship

2.5 MT

2.8 Requirement of Resources

There will be requirement of resources like water, power, fuel, manpower, plant & machineries, utilities etc. Details of requirement of such resources for proposed project are described in subsequent sections under respective headings.

2.8.1 Electricity / Power

Total power requirement for the proposed project will be about 65 HP which will be procured from Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Limited (PGVCL). In addition to this, unit will install D. G. Set (150 KVA) as stand-by to the main source and the same will be utilized only in case of non-availability of power from PGVCL.

2.8.2 Manpower

There will be requirement of about 15 persons, skilled & unskilled, for the operation and maintenance of the proposed project in efficient way. Out of 15 persons, 3 will be female employees. Preference will be given to the local people from nearby villages based on their skills as well as our requirements. During the construction stage, there will be requirement of workers. However, the same will be of contractor’s persons and utilized according to the requirements and type of construction activities. Details of proposed manpower are given in Table 2.8.






Table 2.8: Manpower Requirement

Particulars Skilled Unskilled

Male 6 6 Female - 3

Total 15

2.8.3 Water

For the proposed project, water will be required for domestic activities, greenbelt development and industrial operations. Total fresh water requirement will be 13.3 kl/day which will be fulfilled by Bore well. As per the guidelines issued by the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), the proposed project site falls in ”Safe”– Non Notified Area. The unit has already made application for obtaining necessary permission from concerned authority. Proof of the same is attached as Annexure – 3.

2.8.4 Fuel

Fuel will be required for TFH and D. G. Set (Stand-by). Diesel will be used in TFH and D. G. Set. Fuel will be purchased from local trader. Details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.9.

Table 2.9: Fuel Requirement

Sr. No.

Particular Type of Fuel Fuel Requirement

1 Thermic Fluid Heater (2 Lakh Kcal/hr)

Diesel 180 Lit./day

2 D.G. set (150 KVA) Diesel 32 Lit./hr.

2.8.5 Plant, Machineries & Utilities

List of plant machineries required for the proposed project is given in Table 2.10. The actual requirements of utilities and machineries & equipment are not limited to the list given below as some additional minor requirements can also be cited depending up on necessity noticed during installation & operations.

Table 2.10: List of Plant, Machineries and Utilities

Sr. No.

Particular MOC Quantity Size / Capacity

1 Reactor for UPR SS316 2 7 KL 2 Blender for UPR MS 2 10 KL 3 Reactor for PF MS 1 8 MT






Sr. No.

Particular MOC Quantity Size / Capacity

4 Reactor for UF & MF MS 1 3 MT 5 Thermic fluid Heater M.S 1 2 Lac kcal/hr. 6 Cooling tower FRP 1 100 TR 7 D .G. Set -- 1 150 KVA

2.9 Pollution Potential and Proposed Control Measures There will be possibility of pollution from the proposed project due to domestic & industrial wastewater generation & disposal; gaseous emission from process, flue gas emission from utilities, fugitive emission, noise and hazardous waste generation & disposal. The said probable pollutions are described below under respective heading with necessary details and mitigation measures.

2.9.1 Water Pollution

Total fresh water requirement for the proposed project will be 13.3 kl/day which will be fulfilled by bore well. For domestic activities 1.5 kl/day, for industrial activities 5.2 kl/day and for greenbelt development 6.6 kl/day water will be required.

Domestic Wastewater: Total 1.2 kl/day domestic wastewater will be generated which will be disposed off through septic tank/soak pit system.

Industrial Wastewater:

Total 4.7 kl/day industrial wastewater will be generated from proposed project activities. Stream-wise water consumption and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.12 and detailed water balance is given in Figure 2.6.

Table 2.11: Stream-wise Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation

Sr. No.

Particular Water Requirement

(kl/day) Wastewater

Generation (kl/day) 1 Domestic activities 1.5 1.2 2 Greenbelt development 6.6 --

3

Industrial activities

Washing 0.2 0.2 Cooling Tower 7.0 (RO Permeate) 0.7 Process 0.0 1.8 RO 9.0 2.0

#Reuse 4.0# Total Industrial 9.2 4.7

TOTAL (Domestic + Industrial + Greenbelt development)

13.3 5.9





Figure 2.5: Water Balance Diagram





INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL

Details of Effluent Treatment Plant

Total 2.0 KLD of waste water generated from floor washing water, process effluent will be collected in Collection cum neutralization Tank and then chemical oxidation treatment will be given.

Then taken to Nutch Filter for sludge separation.

Separated dried sludge will be collected, stored and disposed of at approved TSDF site.

While treated effluent will be collected in holding tank. Where, RO Reject and cooling tower blow down will be mixed.

After that it will be evaporated in TFH based Evaporator, the condensate will be reused in industrial activities. Thus unit will maintain zero liquid discharge.

Schematic flow diagram of ETP is given in Figure 2.6 and Stream-wise effluent quality is given in Table 2.15.

Figure 2.6: Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant

Table 2.12: Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units

Name of the Units Capacity No. of Units Collection cum

Neutralization Tank 2000 2

Chemical Oxidation Tank 2000 1

Nutch Filter 500 1

Holding Tank 5000 2






Name of the Units Capacity No. of Units

Evaporator 500 L/hr. 1

Table 2.13: Technical Details of Evaporator

Particulars Volume Capacity 500 litres/hr.

Quantity of Effluent to be evaporated 4700 litres/day

Working hours per day approx. 10 hrs

MOC Mild Steel (MS)

Heat requirement 1,05,750 kcal/hr.

Capacity of TFH (Common) 2,00,000 kcal/hr.

Cost of operating ETP & Evaporator Rs. 1, 17,500/Month

Table 2.14: Stream-wise Quality of Effluent

Particular Process Washing Composite effluent After Oxidation

treatment Quantity 1.8 0.2 2.0 2.0

pH 3.0- 5.0 5.5 -7.5 3.5 – 5.5 6.5-7.5 Total Suspended Solids

(mg/L) 50 – 60 100-150 55 - 70 20-30

Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 6000 – 7000 1500-2000 5550 - 6500 5800-6000

Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 3000 - 3500 2000-2500 2900 - 3400 600-700

Particular After Oxidation treatment Cooling RO Reject

Composite Effluent (Before

Final Treatment)

Condensate After Evaporation

Quantity 2.0 0.7 2.0 4.7 4 pH 6.5- 7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5 – 7.5 6.5-7.5

Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 20-30 70-80 20-30 27- 40 <20

Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 5800-6000 2000-2500 2000-2200 3600 - 4000 <500

Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 600-700 40-50 10.0-20.0 270 - 350 <100






2.9.2 Air Pollution

In this proposed project flue gas emission will be the main source of air pollution. There will be chances of fugitive emission due to raw material handling and transportation and manufacturing activity.

A. Flue Gas Emission

The details of flue gas stack & technical specifications of Air Pollution Control Measures are given in Table 2.16 & Table 2.17 respectively.

Table 2.15: Details of Flue Gas Emissions

Sr. No.

Stack attached to Stack

Height Fuel

Requirement APC

System Expected Pollutant

1 Thermic Fluid

Heater (2 Lakh Kcal/hr)

30 m Diesel

180 Liters/day Not

Applicable SPM 150 mg/Nm3

SO2 100 ppm NO2 50 ppm

2 D.G. set* (150 KVA) 6 m

Diesel 32 Liters/hr.

Not Applicable

Note: * D. G. set will be used as back-up.

B. Fugitive Emission

Fugitive emissions are expected to be generated during construction and operational stages of the project. During construction stage, main source of fugitive emission is dust which is expected mainly due to the movement of vehicles carrying construction material and vehicles used for construction.

During operation stage, leakage through valves, pumps, emission from open drum containing chemicals, open feeding; storage tanks, etc. are the major sources of fugitive emissions of VOCs. Following measures will be adopted to prevent and control fugitive emissions:

All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and containers will be kept tightly closed.

Entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed reactors / vessels and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid any leakages.

All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement.

The control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc.

All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards.






The spillages / leakages of specific chemical will be collected and use or it will be drained to effluent treatment plant.

Precautionary measures will be taken while handling various hazardous chemicals.

There will also provision of adequate ventilation system such as turbo ventilators in process plant and hazardous chemical storage area.

A regular preventive maintenance will be planned to replace or rectify all gaskets, joints etc.

Transporters will be instructed to cover the trucks by tarpaulin sheets.

TREM card will be provided to the driver during the transportation of Hazardous raw materials/products.

Sufficient information and training regarding characteristics and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident during transportation of hazardous chemical will be provided to the driver

The unit will also develop green belt area within the factory premises to control the fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment.

Unit will install portable detection system VOCs in the process area.

Moreover, Unit will carry out regular work place monitoring.

2.9.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste

The details of hazardous waste generation and handling / management are given in Table 2.18. Unit will provide storage area for hazardous wastes having roof, pucca flooring with leachate collection system. Leachate, if any will be collected and treated in effluent treatment plant. Unit will take membership of TSDF site after commencement of proposed project.

Table 2.16: Details of Hazardous Waste Management

Sr. No.

Description Category Quantity Mode of Disposal

1 Used Oil 5.1 50

MT/Annum

Collection, storage and Use within premises as a lubricant/ sell to registered recycler

2 Discarded

Plastic Bags/ Drums

33.1 8.5

MT/Annum

Collection, storage and reuse within premises/ sell to approve scrap vendor.

3 ETP Sludge & Evaporation

Residue 35.3

4.5 MT/Annum

Collection, storage and disposal at authorized TSDF site.






2.9.4 Noise & Vibration

Noise may be generated due to the operation of D. G. set after the proposed project. However, D. G. set will be kept as standby and no other source of noise and vibration from the proposed manufacturing activity except plant machineries. However, unit will take following adequate precautionary measure for noise and vibration control;

Latest technology based low noise D.G. set with acoustic enclosures will be installed.

All the vibrating parts will be checked periodically and serviced to reduce the noise generation. The equipment, which generates excessive noise, will be provided with enclosures etc.

Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and equipment to reduce noise generation.

Ear muffs/ earplugs will be provided to the workers working under high noise area to minimize the adverse effect on the health.

To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the transport contractor will be instructed kept vehicle periodically serviced and maintain as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry. Only those vehicles with PUC’s will be allowed for the transportation.

The transport contractor will be informed to avoid unnecessary speeding of vehicles inside the premises.

Noise monitoring will be done regularly at prominent places in the plant.

Proposed greenbelt area will help to prevent the noise pollution outside the premises.





Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.1

CHAPTER - 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction Preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report requires identifying potential environmental impacts due to the proposed project and that needs a datum on which the impact identification can be done. For generating baseline conditions, it is necessary to collect primary and secondary data for different environmental components like air, noise, water, land, socio-economic factors, ecology & biodiversity which will be affected by the operation of any project activity. The objective of establishing baseline conditions is “To compile authentic and relevant information on the environmental components in the study area, which are likely to undergo change due to the project-related activities in both the short as well as long term and have potential of causing environmental impacts.” This necessitates ensuring focus on capturing the information which is relevant, appropriate, authentic and credible. The elaborate monitoring for generating baseline scenario is generally preceded by a well-planned desk work and reconnaissance survey of the study area by the concerned functional professionals in consultation with the EIA team leader and proper documentation of the observations/findings. An effective methodology is important for baseline data collection and impacts prediction to develop an efficient Environmental Management Plan. In this regard, it is important to understand the ground realities of the core zone and buffer zone by the experts involved in baseline studies. Accordingly, a team of experts visited the proposed project site to understand the site surrounding and possible impacts from the activities of the proposed project. An attempt has been made to collect the relevant and authentic information about existing environmental conditions concerning the below mentioned six major environmental attributes:

Air Environment Noise Environment Water Environment Soil, Landscape and Visual Environment Ecological Environment Social Environment






Subsequently, the field monitoring was undertaken during December, 2018 to February, 2019 by the team of T. R. Associates’ Laboratory. The collected data are analyzed and interpreted. The same is represented below under various sections. 3.1.1 Baseline Study Area To carry out Environment Baseline Monitoring and to generate baseline environmental data, study area of 5 km radial distance from existing project site has been selected. Base line data of ambient air quality, water quality, land use & land cover, topography, ecology as well as socio economic status was collected for study area of 5 km. 3.1.2 Methodology of Baseline Study For the generation of baseline data, guidelines proposed by MoEF&CC as well as generic TORs issued by State Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) of SEIAA has been taken into consideration. Relevant secondary data available for different environmental components were collected and analyzed. Baseline planning has been described in Table 3.1 in brief.

Table 3.1 – Brief Baseline Planning Sr. No.

Environmental Attribute Description of Baseline Planning

1. Air

Ambient Air Monitoring Frequency: 24 hourly twice a week throughout the study period No. of Locations: 6 locations in core and buffer zone of the project site Parameters: SO2, NOx, PM2.5, PM10, CO, VOC

2. Meteorology

Monitoring Frequency: On hourly basis for entire study period No. of Locations: Project Site only Parameters: Temperature, Relative humidity, Wind direction, Wind speed, Precipitation

3. Water

Surface Water Monitoring Monitoring Frequency: Once during Monitoring Period No. of Locations: 5 locations in core and buffer zone of the project site Parameters: As per CPCB guidelines (described in Annexure-3)

Ground Water Monitoring Monitoring Frequency: Once during Monitoring Period No. of Locations: 6 locations in core and buffer zone of the project site






Sr. No.

Environmental Attribute Description of Baseline Planning

Parameters: As per CPCB guidelines (described in Annexure-3)

4. Noise Monitoring Frequency: Day & Night Time monitoring for a week No. of Locations: 5 locations within core & buffer zone of study area

5. Ecology &

Biodiversity Study

Monitoring Frequency: Once in a study period Locations: 5 km aerial distance from the project site Methodology: Visual encounter

6. Land use Pattern

Monitoring Frequency: Once in a season Location: 5 km radius (aerial distance) from the project site Methodology: IRS P6 LISS-III satellite image procured from NRSC, Hyderabad

7. Geology, Geohydrology

Monitoring Frequency: Once in a season Locations: 5 km radius (aerial distance) from the project site Methodology: SRTM3, ERDAS Imagine & toposheet analysis using Q-GIS

8. Soil

Monitoring Frequency: Once in a season No. of Locations: 6 locations within core & buffer zone of study area Methodology: As per CPCB guidelines Parameters: pH, organic matter, total phosphorous, EC, sodium, potassium, cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, SAR

3.2 Air Environment Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant impacts on the neighborhood air environment of an industrial project and forms an important part of impact assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study area of 5 km radius from the plant site will form the baseline information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed plant can be super imposed to find out the net (final) impacts on air environment. From the final impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be prepared based on the impact statement for the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality can be assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the following considerations.

Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale. Topography of the study area. Representation of regional background levels.






Representation of plant site. Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downwind direction. Inclusion of major distinct villages to generate the baseline status.

Table 3.2 - Period of Meteorological Data Collection

Meteorological Data

Primary data (December, 2018 to February, 2019): Parameters like Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Temperature, Humidity and Precipitation collected for project site using Automatic Weather Station. Secondary data (Entire Year): Secondary data has been collected from the nearest IMD source (Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, and Wind Speed.

3.2.1 Climate of the Study Area The climate of the study area is characterized by semi-arid. General climate of the district is sub-tropical and characterised by three well defined seasons [1]. Information presented in subsequent paragraphs is from the most recently published Long Term Climatologically Tables for the nearest observatory, Rajkot by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). Table 3.3 - Monthly Mean Values of Meteorological Data (Secondary Data Year 1981 -

2010) [2]

Month Air Temperature

(°C) Humidity

(%) Mean Wind Speed (kmph)

Rainfall (mm)

Max. Min. Max. Min. January 28.4 12.8 58 27 8.8 0.8

February 30.9 15 62 24 10.1 0.3 March 35.5 19.2 68 21 12.7 0.1 April 39.1 22.6 71 21 16.5 1.4 May 40.5 25.4 75 30 20.8 5.4 June 37.8 26.5 79 51 20.3 108.4 July 33 25.4 87 70 19 253.4

August 31.6 24.4 89 71 16.7 165.3 September 33.6 23.8 86 58 13.5 115.1

October 35.9 22.4 71 32 9 19.3 November 33.2 18.4 54 29 7.2 6.3 December 29.9 14.4 56 29 7.9 0.3

Annual Mean 34.1 20.9 71 38 13.5 676.1






3.2.2 Site Specific Meteorology (December 2018 – February 2019) Micrometeorological conditions at the project site regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. For this purpose, an Automatic Weather Station was installed near the project site as shown in Figure 3.1, for the period December, 2018 to February, 2019 and recorded hourly observations for the parameters like Atmospheric Stability, Temperature (°C), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed (m/s), Wind Direction and Precipitation (mm). Wind rose from secondary source for Morbi region has been attached as Figure 3.3. Overall summery of primary meteorological data is shown in Table 3.4 and detailed data are attached as Annexure - 4.

Figure 3.1 - Automatic Weather Station installed near project site

Table 3.4 - Site Specific Meteorological Data (December, 2018 – February, 2019)

Parameters December -

2018 January - 2019

February - 2019

Temperature (°C) Minimum 9 9 9 Maximum 32 33 34 Average 20.5 21 21.5

Relative Humidity (%) Minimum 12 13 11

Maximum 80 97 90 Average 46 55 50.5






Parameters December -

2018 January - 2019

February - 2019

Wind Speed (km/hr) Minimum 22.5 1 2

Maximum 337.5 21 30 Average 180 11 16

Total Rainfall (mm) Average 0.00 0.00 0.00






Figure 3.2 - Wind Rose Diagram of Entire Year (Secondary Source) 1

1 https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/s%C4%81nand_india_1257486






3.2.3 Selection of AAQ Stations A network of six (6) ambient air-sampling locations has been selected for assessment of the existing status of air environment within the study zone. The heights of the sampling locations were kept between 3 to 6 m in all the locations. After reconnaissance of the area and observing the topographical features and review of the available meteorological data and local conditions the sampling sites were chosen which will be the representative of the local areas under study.

Figure 3.3 – Google Image showing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

3.2.3.1 Existing AAQ Status

Ambient levels of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and VOC are selected for the sampling. Locations selected for monitoring (Figure 3.4) and justification for their selection has been shown in Table 3.5. The methodology of analysis is given in the following Tables 3.6.

Table 3.5 - Ambient Air Monitoring Locations

Sr. No.

Ambient Air

Sampling Location

Located in Aerial Distance

from Project Site (in km)

Direction Justification

1 Project site - - - Project site 2 Aniyari Cross wind 3.5 SE Crosswind 3 Khakhrechi Down Wind 3.8 NE DW, Highest

N






Sr. No.

Ambient Air

Sampling Location

Located in Aerial Distance

from Project Site (in km)


population, project site is located in this village.

4 Manaba Cross wind 2.9 WNW Cross wind

5 Rapar Up Wind 1.9 SW Yearly upwind. Located on bank of Godhadhari river.

6 Sultanpur Cross wind 3.4 NNW Located on bank of Godhadhari river.

Table 3.6 - Ambient Air Quality Analysis Methodology

Method of Analysis

Vari

able

s Dus

t PM10 IS 5182(Part-23):2006 (RA 2017) PM2.5 STP No. TRA/STP/AA/02

Gase

s

SO2 IS 5182(Part-2):2001 (RA 2017) NO2 IS 5182(Part-6):2006 (RA 2017) CO STP No. TRA/STP/AA/08

VOC STP No. TRA/STP/AA/07 Various statistical parameters like standard deviation, geometric mean, minimum; maximum concentrations and different percentiles have been computed from the data generated during sampling in all sampling stations.

Village: Aniyari Village: Khakhrechi

Figure 3.4 - Photographs showing Ambient Air Monitoring






3.2.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results and Observations The following Table 3.7 shows the minimum, maximum, mean and 98th percentile values of the air pollutants monitored at various sites and Table 3.8 shows the interpretation of results.

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

11

Tabl

e 3.

7 - A

mbi

ent A

ir Q

ualit

y M

onit

orin

g R

esul

ts

Para

met

er

Valu

e AA

Q M

onit

orin

g Lo

cati

on

NAA

Q

Stan

dard

s (2

4 hr

s.)

Proj

ect

Site

K

hakh

rech

i An

iyar

i M

anab

a Su

ltan

pura

R

apar

PM 2.

5

(μg/

m3 )

Min

44

.26

40.6

7 38

.14

32.1

7 28

.19

35.0

3

60 μ

g/m

3 M

ax.

50.1

6 46

.39

44.7

0 37

.86

33.8

2 42

.56

Mea

n 47

.20

44.2

7 41

.82

34.8

1 31

.21

39.7

1 98

th P

erce

ntile

50

.10

46.3

3 44

.65

37.8

0 33

.69

42.4

2

PM 10

(μ

g/m

3 )

Min

78

.54

70.1

9 68

.23

59.4

4 58

.14

62.1

6

100

μg/m

3 M

ax.

86.2

8 76

.60

74.2

9 65

.93

67.8

9 70

.56

Mea

n 82

.24

73.6

3 71

.85

62.9

9 63

.94

66.3

3 98

th P

erce

ntile

86

.21

76.5

3 74

.29

65.9

1 67

.85

70.5

1

SO2

(μg/

m3 )

Min

12

.84

9.88

9.

21

6.86

9.

36

6.42

80 μ

g/m

3 M

ax.

19.9

7 18

.36

15.6

6 10

.23

14.9

2 12

.75

Mea

n 16

.15

14.0

0 11

.75

8.40

11

.84

9.83

98

th P

erce

ntile

19

.77

17.8

9 15

.22

10.1

8 14

.40

12.7

4 N

O 2

(μg/

m3 )

Min

27

.62

24.5

9 21

.18

15.3

5 18

.23

15.8

4

80 μ

g/m

3 M

ax.

35.6

8 31

.36

26.6

3 29

.88

24.4

4 23

.87

Mea

n 31

.66

28.4

7 23

.88

19.2

9 21

.73

20.6

0 98

th P

erce

ntile

35

.49

31.1

7 26

.62

26.1

5 24

.09

23.7

8

CO

--

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

--

VOC

--

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

B.D

.L.

(D.L

.=0.

1)

--

Not

e: B

.D.L

. – B

elow

Det

ecta

ble

Lim

it

DL

– D

etec

tabl

e Li

mit

ND

– N

ot D

etec

ted

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

12

Tabl

e 3.

8 –

Inte

rpre

tati

on o

f Am

bien

t Air

Qua

lity

Mon

itor

ing

Sr. N

o.

Para

met

er

Base

line

Stat

us

1.

PM2.

5

PM2.

5 co

ncen

trat

ions

in th

e st

udy

area

wer

e ra

ngin

g fr

om 2

8.19

to

50.1

6 μg

/m3

with

98th

per

cent

ile

valu

es in

the

rang

e of

33.

69 to

50.

10 μ

g/m

3 w

hich

are

with

in th

e st

ipul

ated

NAA

QS v

alue

s. Th

e m

ain

cont

ribu

tion

to P

M2.

5 at

all

the

AAQM

loca

tions

was

mai

nly

due

to lo

cal a

ctiv

ities

suc

h as

ve

hicu

lar m

ovem

ent a

nd n

atur

al d

ust.

2.

PM10

PM10

con

cent

ratio

ns in

the

stu

dy a

rea

wer

e ra

ngin

g fr

om 5

8.14

to

86.2

8 μg

/m3

with

98th

per

cent

ile

valu

es in

the

rang

e of

65.

91 to

86.

21μg

/m3

whi

ch a

re w

ithin

the

stip

ulat

ed N

AAQS

val

ues.

The

mai

n co

ntri

butio

n to

PM

10 a

t al

l the

AAQ

M lo

catio

ns w

as m

ainl

y du

e to

loca

l act

iviti

es s

uch

as

vehi

cula

r mov

emen

t, ag

ricu

ltura

l act

iviti

es a

nd p

reva

iling

win

d.

3.

SO2

SO2

conc

entr

atio

ns i

n th

e st

udy

area

wer

e ra

ngin

g fr

om 6

.42

to 1

9.97

μg/

m3

with

98th

per

cent

ile

valu

es in

the

rang

e of

10.

18 to

19.

77 μ

g/m

3 w

hich

are

with

in th

e st

ipul

ated

NAA

QS v

alue

s.

4.

NO 2

N

O 2 c

once

ntra

tions

in t

he s

tudy

are

a w

ere

rang

ing

from

15.

35 t

o 35

.68

μg/m

3 w

ith 9

8th p

erce

ntile

va

lues

in th

e ra

nge

of 2

3.78

to 3

5.49

μg/

m3

whi

ch a

re w

ithin

the

stip

ulat

ed N

AAQS

val

ues.

5.

VOC

Not

det

ecte

d 6.

CO

N

ot d

etec

ted






3.3 Noise Environment Noise can be defined as any sound that is undesirable because it interferes with speech and hearing, and is intense enough to damage hearing, or is otherwise annoying.

3.3.1 Sampling Methodology

Pre-project noise levels have been monitored at different points within the study area using on the spot measurement device manufactured by LUTRON SL 4033-SD having range of 30 to 130 dB (A).

Equivalent sound levels were then calculated from the recorded values of noise levels for the day and night time. Then Leq values of noise levels are compared with the noise standards prescribed by CPCB2.

3.3.2 Sampling Frequency

Noise levels of selected locations were monitored on hourly basis for 24 hours, once during the study period.

3.3.3 Selection of Monitoring Locations and Results

To study noise levels in 5 km study area, sensitive receptors were identified and noise monitoring was carried out at a distance more than 100 m from the identified location. Noise monitoring was carried out within the industry premises and other 4 locations keeping in view various other activities such as; residential activities, industrial activities and traffic pattern.

Selected noise monitoring locations (Figure 3.6). Recorded noise levels are presented in Table 3.10 & 3.11.

Table 3.9 – Noise Monitoring Locations

Sr. No.

Noise Monitoring

Location

Located in

Aerial Distance from Project Site (in km)


1 Project site - - - Compulsory Location

2 Aniyari Cross wind 3.5 SE Industrial Zone

3 Khakhrechi Down 3.8 NE Residential Zone

2 The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000






Sr. No.

Noise Monitoring

Location

Located in

Aerial Distance from Project Site (in km)


Wind

4 Manaba Cross wind 2.9 WNW Transportation Zone

(Near NH 8A)

5 Rapar Up Wind 1.9 SW Residential Zone

6 Sultanpur Cross wind 3.4 NNW Residential Zone

Figure 3.5 - Google Image showing Noise Monitoring Locations

Location: Aniyari Location: Sultanpur

Figure 3.7 – Images showing Noise Monitoring






Table 3.10 - Noise Level Monitoring Data [Day timings in Leq dB (A)] Day Time Monitoring

Sampling Location

Sampling Date

Category Recorded Level in dB(A) Permissible

Limit [in dB (A)] Minimum Maximum Leq

Project site 07.01.19 to 08.01.19 Industrial 55.6 64.3 60.2 75

Khakhrechi 08.01.19 to 09.01.19 Residential 47.5 56.7 52.6 55

Aniyari 09.01.19 to 10.01.19 Residential 43.1 49.6 46.2 55

Sultanpur 10.01.19 to 11.01.19 Residential 43.0 50.7 47.6 55

Rapar 11.01.19 to 12.01.19 Residential 46.7 53.0 49.9 55

Table 3.11 - Noise Level Monitoring Data [Night timings in Leq dB (A)]

Night Time Monitoring

Sampling Location

Sampling Date

Category Recorded Level in dB(A) Permissible

Limit [in dB (A)] Minimum Maximum Leq

Project site 07.01.19 to 08.01.19 Industrial 44.1 48.8 46.7 70

Khakhrechi 08.01.19 to 09.01.19 Residential 41.7 45.3 44.2 45

Aniyari 09.01.19 to 10.01.19 Residential 35.1 38.0 36.4 45

Sultanpur 10.01.19 to 11.01.19 Residential 34.3 39.7 37.0 45

Rapar 11.01.19 to 12.01.19 Residential 40.6 43.7 42.0 45

3.3.4 Discussion of Noise Levels

The minimum noise level measured in the study area was 46.2 dB (A) in day time and 36.4 dB (A) in night time, both at Aniyari village. The maximum noise level measured in the study area was 60.2 dB (A) in daytime and 46.7 dB (A) in night time, both at project site. Based on the noise monitoring results it can be concluded that in day time and in night time noise levels are within the permissible limit at all villages.






3.4 Water Environment Studies on Water Environment aspects of ecosystem is important for EIA studies to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed project is to occur, to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized, and to demonstrate that proposed project has been appropriately announced to all interested parties so that their concerns can be considered. Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is essential for agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses. So, water quality studies have been carried out in the study area to understand the availability of water resources, possibility of water contamination and existing water quality.

3.4.1 Sampling and Analysis Methodology

Water samples were collected from 11 locations; out of which 5 were from surface water sources and other 6 were from ground water sources. They were analyzed for physico-chemical, biological and microbiological parameters. Parameters like pH, Temperature and DO were analysed onsite.

For sampling, preservation and transportation of water samples; guidelines prescribed by CPCB3 were followed. Other water quality parameters were analysed as per the procedures specified in APHA [1] / IS 3025.

Method of Water Sampling

Washing the bottles/cans with distilled water prior to the sampling. Before collection of water, the bottles/cans are again washed 2-3 times with the same water. For surface water, bottles were lowered to a minimum depth of 30 cm below water surface. At each point different sets of water samples were collected to cover all the parameters. Proper attention is taken into proper numbering at the site. Sterilized bottles were used for the samples that are to be analysed for bacteria. Civil supply water pipeline taps are sterilized before collection for bacteriological analysis. Parameters like pH, conductivity and temperature were analysed in the field conditions and the results were reconfirmed after getting to the laboratory. DO is fixed in the field itself. Appropriate preservatives are added, depending upon the elements to be analysed and marked accordingly [IS: 3025 (part I) 1987].

3 Guidelines for Water Quality Monitoring (MINARS/27/2007-08)






All the water samples collected in the ice box were immediately transported to the laboratory and froze at < 5 °C for analysis. Field observations were noted in the field notebook. As far as possible photographs were taken at almost all sampling points.


The water quality sampling and survey was carried-out once during the study period in December-2018, within the 5 km radius from the project site.


Locations for SW and GW monitoring were selected based on the guidelines for water quality monitoring issued by CPCB in 2008. Surface Water

Google image showing surface water monitoring locations and photographs showing SW sampling are attached as Figure 3.8 & Figure 3.9 respectively. Table 3.12 shows all the locations selected for SW sampling & monitoring.

Figure 3.6 – Google Image showing Surface Water Sampling Locations






Location: Rapar Pond Location: Godhadhari River

Location: Aniyari Pond Location: Khakhrechi Pond

Figure 3.7 – Images showing Surface Water Sampling

Table 3.12 – Surface Water Monitoring Locations

Sr. No. Location Distance

(km) Direction Justification for Selection

1 Godhadhari River 2.83 CW Cross wind 2 Manaba Pond 3.03 CW Cross wind

3 Khakhrechi Pond 4.09 DW As per census 1st highest population

and down wind direction

4 Aniyari Pond 3.95 CW As per census 2nd highest population

and cross wind direction 5 Rapar Pond 2.25 UW Up wind

The results of SW analysis along with testing procedure used are tabulated against CPCB limits in Table 3.13.

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

19

Tabl

e 3.

13 –

Sur

face

Wat

er Q

ualit

y R

esul

ts

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s K

hakh

rech

i Pon

d An

iyar

i Pon

d Go

dhad

hari

Riv

er

Man

aba

Pond

R

apar

Pon

d Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

1 pH

8.

88

8.73

7.

70

8.45

8.

13

IS :

3025

(Par

t 11)

6.

5-8.

5 N

o Re

laxa

tion

2 Te

mp

(°C)

23

.6

23.2

24

.1

24.5

23

.8

IS :

3025

(Par

t 9)

-- --

3 Co

lor (

cu)

B.D

.L. (

DL=

5)

B.D

.L. (

DL=

5)

B.D

.L. (

DL=

5)

B.D

.L. (

DL=

5)

B.D

.L. (

DL=

5)

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

2120

B

5 15

4 EC

(μS)

46

82

4753

68

35

1347

38

53

IS :

3025

(Par

t 14)

--

--

5 D

O (m

g/L)

4.

5 7.

6 2.

8 5.

7 2.

9 IS

: 30

25 (P

art 3

8)

6 Tu

rbid

ity (N

TU)

3.2

2.6

2.2

3.6

3.8

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

2130

B

1 5

7 Am

mon

ical

N

itrog

en

(mg/

L)

2.6

1.9

0.8

2.2

2.7

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

4500

NH

3 C

-- --

8 Ch

lori

de a

s Cl

(mg/

L)

187

239

91

59

243

IS :

3025

(Par

t 32)

25

0 10

00

9 To

tal H

ardn

ess

as C

aCO

3 (m

g/L)

36

6.67

23

7.62

21

0.00

17

3.33

26

0.00

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

23

40 –

C

200

600

10

Ca H

ardn

ess

(mg/

L)

165.

05

127.

45

198.

02

99.0

1 17

8.22

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 -

Ca: B

--

--

11

Mg

Har

dnes

s (m

g/L)

20

1.62

11

0.17

11

.98

74.3

2 81

.78

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

- M

g: B

--

--

12

Calc

ium

as C

a (m

g/L)

66

.20

51.1

0 79

.40

39.7

0 71

.43

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

- Ca

: B

75

200

13

Mag

nesi

um a

s M

g (m

g/L)

49

.0

26.8

2.

9 18

.1

19.9

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 -

Mg:

B

30

100

14

Carb

onat

e

(mg/

L)

75

90

0 12

6 0

-- --

--

15

Bica

rbon

ate

(mg/

L)

225

270

144

378

360

-- --

--

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

20

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s K

hakh

rech

i Pon

d An

iyar

i Pon

d Go

dhad

hari

Riv

er

Man

aba

Pond

R

apar

Pon

d Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

16

Nitr

ate

as N

O3

(mg/

L)

1.10

0.

89

B.D

.L (D

L=1)

1.

30

B.D

.L (D

L=1)

IS

: 30

25 (P

art-

34)

45

No

Rela

xatio

n

17

Fluo

ride

as F

(m

g/L)

4.

50

3.38

3.

05

3.07

B.

D.L

(DL=

0.2)

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

45

00 F

- D

1 1.

5

18

Sodi

um a

s Na

(mg/

L)

44

54

23

53

41

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

Na

B --

--

19

Pota

ssiu

m a

s K

(mg/

L)

32

26

11

36

15

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

K B

--

--

20

Boro

n as

B

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

IS

: 30

25 (P

art-

57)

0.5

1

21

Iron

as F

e (m

g/L)

0.

95

0.43

0.

57

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

2)

B.D.

L(DL

=0.2

) AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 F

e B

0.3

No

Rela

xatio

n

22

Phen

ol (m

g/L)

0.

09

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

5530

D

-- --

23

Phos

phat

e as

PO

4-2 (m

g/L)

6.

87

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

4500

P D

--

--

24

Phos

phor

us a

s P

(mg/

L)

2.29

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

45

00 P

D

-- --

25

Sulp

hate

as S

O4

(mg/

L)

125.

6 51

.3

89.6

35

.8

19.4

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

-45

00 S

O 4-2

E

200

400

26

Nitr

ite a

s NO

2

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

0.94

0.

83

IS :

3025

(Par

t 34)

--

--

27

TDS

(mg/

L)

3184

32

32

4648

91

6 26

20

IS :

3025

(Par

t 16)

50

0 20

00

28

TSS

(mg/

L)

60

44

48

86

192

IS :

3025

(Par

t 17)

--

--

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

21

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s K

hakh

rech

i Pon

d An

iyar

i Pon

d Go

dhad

hari

Riv

er

Man

aba

Pond

R

apar

Pon

d Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

29

TS (m

g/L)

32

44

3276

46

96

1002

28

12

IS :

3025

(Par

t 15)

--

--

30

COD

228

45

233

596

151

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

5220

B

-- --

31

BOD

68.5

13

.5

69.8

17

8.7

45.3

IS

: 30

25 (P

art 4

4)

-- --

32

Odou

r Di

sagr

eeab

le

Dis

agre

eabl

e Di

sagr

eeab

le

Agre

eabl

e Di

sagr

eeab

le

IS :

3025

(P-5

) :

1983

--

--

33

Tota

l Col

iform

pe

r 100

ml

(MPN

) 70

MPN

49

MPN

94

MPN

N

ot D

etec

ted

17 M

PN

IS :

1622

-198

1 --

<500

34

Faec

al C

olifo

rm

per 1

00 m

l N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d N

ot P

resc

ribe

d N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Pre

scri

bed

IS :

1622

-198

1 --

--

Not

e:

BDL

= Be

low

Det

ectio

n Li

mit

DL

= D

etec

tion

Lim

it N

S =

Not

Spe

cifie

d N

D =

Not

Det

ecta

ble

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it is

app

licab

le in

the

abse

nce

of A

ltern

ate

sour

ce






Ground Water

Google image showing ground water monitoring locations and photographs showing GW sampling are attached as Figure 3.10 & Figure 3.11 respectively. Table 3.14 shows all the locations selected for GW sampling & monitoring along with justification for their selection.

Figure 3.8 – Google Image showing Ground Water Sampling Locations

Location: Khakhrechi Location: Sultanpur

Location: Rapar Location: Aniyari

Figure 3.9 – Images showing Ground Water Sampling






Table 3.14 – Ground Water Monitoring Locations Sr. No.

Location Distance


1. Project site - - Project site 2. Aniyari 3.5 SE Crosswind

3. Khakhrechi 3.8 NE DW, Highest population, project site is located in this village.

4. Manaba 2.9 WNW Crosswind

5. Rapar 1.9 SW Yearly upwind. Located on bank of Godhadhari river.

6. Sultanpur 3.4 NNW Located on bank of Godhadhari river.

The results of GW analysis along with testing procedure used are tabulated against CPCB limits in Table 3.15.

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

24

Tabl

e 3.

15 –

Gro

und

Wat

er Q

ualit

y R

esul

ts

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s Pr

ojec

t Sit

e K

hakh

rech

i An

iyar

i Su

ltan

pur

M

anab

a R

apar

Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

1 pH

8.

12

8.13

7.

52

7.84

7.

76

7.91

IS

: 30

25 (P

art 1

1)

6.5-

8.5

No

Rela

xatio

n

2 Te

mp

(°C)

23

.1

24.8

24

.3

24.7

23

.6

24.1

IS

: 30

25 (P

art 9

) --

--

3 Co

lor (

cu)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

2120

B

5 15

4 EC

(μS)

14

47

388

1394

15

41

912

729

IS :

3025

(Par

t 14)

--

--

5 D

O (m

g/L)

7.

0 8.

3 8.

7 6.

3 6.

5 7.

8 IS

: 30

25 (P

art 3

8)

6 Tu

rbid

ity (N

TU)

3.1

3.3

4.2

4.4

5.6

2.3

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

2130

B

1 5

7 Am

mon

ical

N

itrog

en

(mg/

L)

2.8

3.8

7.4

9.3

6.5

2.7

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

4500

NH

3 C

-- --

8 Ch

lori

de a

s Cl

(mg/

L)

134

49

97

287

97

99

IS :

3025

(Par

t 32)

25

0 10

00

9 To

tal H

ardn

ess

as C

aCO

3 (m

g/L)

13

2 11

8 11

8 21

3 15

7 22

0 AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

23

40 –

C

200

600

10

Ca H

ardn

ess

(mg/

L)

66

79

105

113

99

165

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

- Ca

: B

-- --

11

Mg

Har

dnes

s (m

g/L)

65

39

13

10

1 58

55

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 -

Mg:

B

-- --

12

Calc

ium

as C

a (m

g/L)

26

.5

31.9

42

.2

45.1

39

.8

66.2

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 -

Ca: B

75

20

0

13

Mag

nesi

um a

s M

g (m

g/L)

15

.9

9.5

3.2

24.5

14

.0

13.4

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 -

Mg:

B

30

100

14

Carb

onat

e

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

B.D

.L(D

L=5)

B.

D.L

(DL=

5)

-- --

--

15

Bica

rbon

ate

(mg/

L)

264

171

117

207

306

324

-- --

--

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

25

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s Pr

ojec

t Sit

e K

hakh

rech

i An

iyar

i Su

ltan

pur

M

anab

a R

apar

Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

16

Nitr

ate

as N

O3

(mg/

L)

1.37

1.

18

1.65

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

2.

11

IS :

3025

(Par

t-34

) 45

N

o Re

laxa

tion

17

Fluo

ride

as F

(m

g/L)

B.

D.L

(DL=

0.2)

5.

01

3.61

2.

81

3.09

5.

68

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

4500

F- D

1

1.5

18

Sodi

um a

s Na

(mg/

L)

44

36

45

59

26

18

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

3500

Na

B --

--

19

Pota

ssiu

m a

s K

(mg/

L)

12

11

16

21

21

9 AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 K

B

-- --

20

Boro

n as

B

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

IS :

3025

(Par

t-57

) 0.

5 1

21

Iron

as F

e (m

g/L)

0.

59

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

2)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

2)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

2)

0.31

B.

D.L

(DL=

0.2)

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

35

00 F

e B

0.3

No

Rela

xatio

n

22

Phen

ol (m

g/L)

B.

D.L

(DL=

0.01

) B.

D.L

(DL=

0.01

) 0.

130

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

0.36

0 B.

D.L

(DL=

0.01

) AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

55

30 D

--

--

23

Phos

phat

e as

PO

4-2 (m

g/L)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

45

00 P

D

-- --

24

Phos

phor

us a

s P

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

B.D

.L(D

L=1)

B.

D.L

(DL=

1)

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

4500

P D

--

--

25

Sulp

hate

as S

O4

(mg/

L)

122.

4 1.

4 92

.6

104.

7 93

.2

10.3

AP

HA

(23rd

Ed)

-45

00 S

O 4-2

E

200

400

26

Nitr

ite a

s NO

2

(mg/

L)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

B.D

.L(D

L=0.

01)

1.02

B.

D.L

(DL=

0.01

) B.

D.L

(DL=

0.01

) IS

: 30

25 (P

art 3

4)

-- --

27

TDS

(mg/

L)

984

264

948

1048

62

0 49

6 IS

: 30

25 (P

art 1

6)

500

2000

28

TSS

(mg/

L)

92

52

80

64

88

42

IS :

3025

(Par

t 17)

--

--

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

26

Sr.

No.

Pa

ram

eter

s Pr

ojec

t Sit

e K

hakh

rech

i An

iyar

i Su

ltan

pur

M

anab

a R

apar

Te

stin

g M

etho

d Ac

cept

able

Li

mit

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it

29

TS (m

g/L)

10

76

316

1028

11

12

708

538

IS :

3025

(Par

t 15)

--

--

30

COD

61

69

94

102

114

57

APH

A (2

3rd E

d)

5220

B

-- --

31

BOD

18.4

0 20

.80

28.2

0 30

.60

34.3

0 17

.10

IS :

3025

(Par

t 44)

--

--

32

Odou

r Ag

reea

ble

Agre

eabl

e Ag

reea

ble

Agre

eabl

e Ag

reea

ble

Agre

eabl

e IS

: 30

25 (P

-5) :

19

83

-- --

33

Tota

l Col

iform

pe

r 100

ml

(MPN

) N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d IS

: 16

22-1

981

-- <5

00

34

Faec

al C

olifo

rm

per 1

00 m

l N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d N

ot D

etec

ted

Not

Det

ecte

d IS

: 16

22-1

981

-- --

Not

e:

BDL

= Be

low

Det

ectio

n Li

mit

DL

= D

etec

tion

Lim

it N

S =

Not

Spe

cifie

d N

D =

Not

Det

ecta

ble

Perm

issi

ble

Lim

it is

app

licab

le in

the

abse

nce

of A

ltern

ate

sour

ce






3.4.4 Interpretation of Water Quality Results Surface Water

The physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of surface water is summarized in Table 3.13.

All the parameters except pH, fluoride, TDS are found within the permissible limit as per drinking water specification (IS – 10500:2012). pH is found higher than the permissible limit at khakhrechi and Aniyari. Fluoride is found higher than the permissible limit at Khakhrechi pond, Aniyari pond, Godadhari River and Manaba pond. TDS is found higher than the permissible limit in range of 3000 to 4000 mg/l at Khakhrechi pond, Aniyari pond, Godadhari River and at Rapar pond. Values of COD and BOD are found higher than the permissible limit (as per CPCB standards) at Khakhrechi pond, Godadhari River, Manaba pond and Rapar pond. Water of these locations may be used for Agricultural activity if adequate quantity is available. Water of these locations may be used as drinking water if adequate quantity is available, but only after sufficient treatment including defluorination and desalination.

Ground Water

The physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of ground water is summarized in Table 3.15.

All the parameters except Turbidity, fluoride, iron and nitrite are found within the permissible limit as per drinking water specification (IS – 10500:2012). Fluoride is found higher than permissible limit at all the locations except at Project site. Turbidity is found higher than permissible limit at Manaba. Iron is found higher than the permissible limit at Project site and Manaba, which can be removed by aeration. Nitrite is found at Sultanpur location, which is undesirable if present in ground water. Water of these locations is suitable for agricultural activity. Water of these locations may be used for domestic and drinking purpose after defluorination, disinfection and some minor treatment in addition to above, if required.






3.5 Soil Environment Natural soils are the product of physical and chemical weathering of rocks. The physical properties are formed during the course of formation and the subsequent existence is depending upon the topography, hydro meteorological condition and human interference. Soil characteristics of a terrain are more important aspects since they play a major role in ground water recharge and meet the basic needs of all agricultural production.

3.5.1 Soil Type

In Morvi, the soils are of clayey loam to clay type. They are moderately deep to deep and vary in colour from very dark brown to very dark greyish brown and reddish brown. The EC of the soils is generally less than 1.0 mmhos/cm and cation exchange capacity is between 40 and 60 me/100 gm of soil4.

3.5.2 Sampling Methodology

Disturbed soil samples were collected with the help of the rotary cuttings and bailers and also from split spoon samplers. Un-disturbed soil samples were collected using thin walled tubes. Soil samples were collected in such a way that structure and moisture content of the soil do not get altered. In accordance with IS: 2720, split samples were carefully extracted from the samplers.

More Attention was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof containers and marked accurately and distinctly. All the soil samples and core boxes were carefully transported to the testing laboratory. Soil sampling and analysis has been done as per the Indian Standard IS – 2720.


The soil sampling was carried-out once during the study period in December - 2018, within the 5 km radius from the project site.


For soil quality analysis, 6 sampling sites were chosen to understand physico-chemical and biological status of the soil. Google image showing selected locations for soil sampling is attached as Figure 3.12 & pictures showing soil sampling are attached as Figure 3.13.

4 District Groundwater Brochure – Rajkot District, Gujarat (Issued by CGWB – GoI)






Table 3.16 describes the locations selected for sampling along with justification for selection and results obtained have been tabulated in Table 3.17.

Figure 3.10 – Google Image showing Soil Sampling Locations

Location: Manaba Location: Rapar

Location: Sultanpur Location: Aniyari

Figure 3.11 – Images showing Soil Sampling






Table 3.16 – Soil Monitoring Locations Sr. No. Location Distance


1 Project site - - Project site

2 Aniyari 3.5 SE Crosswind

3 Khakhrechi 3.8 NE DW, Highest population, project site is located in this village.

4 Manaba 2.9 WNW Crosswind

5 Rapar 1.9 SW Yearly upwind. Located on bank of Godhadhari river.

6 Sultanpur 3.4 NNW Located on bank of Godhadhari river. The results of soil analysis along with testing procedure used are tabulated in Table 3.17.

3.5.5 Interpretation of Soil Quality Results Interpretation of the physico-chemical characteristics of soil are summarized in Table 3.17 is described below:

The soil pH of villages found neutral in nature. EC values of all soil samples except Manaba village project are normal & moderate. Organic carbon content of all soil samples is medium to high. In available nutrients status all the soil samples are low in N, P2O5 and K2O . Calcium & magnesium salts are more than critical levels in all soil samples. The Cation Exchange Capacity is found to be high in all the of all soil samples indicating that soils seem to be fertile with more clay content. As observed ,the soils of project site including sample villages are medium black and hence WHC is good.

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

31

Tabl

e 3.

17 –

Soi

l Mon

itor

ing

Res

ults

Sr

. N

o.

Para

met

ers

Proj

ect S

ite

Kha

khre

chi

Aniy

ari

Rap

ar

Man

aba

Sult

anpu

r Te

stin

g M

etho

d

1 pH

7.

43

7.03

7.

94

7.88

7.

61

7.04

IS

272

0 (P

art 2

6)

2 EC

(ms/

cm)

834

826

574

947

1216

97

8 IS

147

67

3 M

oist

ure

(%)

6.58

6.

66

10.7

2 9.

98

5.75

7.

25

IS 2

720

(Par

t 2)

4 Or

gani

c M

atte

r (%

) 0.

71

4.02

1.

95

3.34

1.

36

2.10

TR

A/ST

P/SL

/13

5 Or

gani

c Ca

rbon

(%)

0.89

2.

33

1.13

1.

94

0.79

1.

22

TRA/

STP/

SL/1

3

6 W

ater

Hol

ding

Ca

paci

ty (%

) 86

.91

31.4

1 37

.44

36.9

7 39

.93

31.0

3 TR

A/ST

P/SL

/04

7 Ca

tion

Exch

ange

Ca

paci

ty

(meq

/100

gm)

31.8

0 29

.60

32.5

0 34

.63

38.6

5 35

.03

TRA/

STP/

SL/0

5

8 Av

aila

ble

Phos

phor

ous

(mg/

kg)

3.91

3.

91

3.11

4.

75

2.33

1.

77

TRA/

STP/

SL/0

7

9 Ca

lciu

m

(meq

/100

gm)

3.70

3.

03

2.42

2.

60

3.16

3.

92

TRA/

STP/

SL/1

0

10

Mag

ness

ium

(m

eq/1

00gm

) 2.

75

2.74

2.

51

1.21

1.

95

0.18

TR

A/ST

P/SL

/11

11

Sodi

um (m

g/g)

7.

35

6.82

4.

34

8.45

8.

70

9.66

TR

A/ST

P/SL

/09

12

Pota

ssiu

m (m

g/g)

6.

11

6.09

3.

10

6.05

7.

43

9.47

TR

A/ST

P/SL

/08

13

Tota

l Nitr

ogen

(%)

7.30

11

.32

12.7

1 7.

68

5.35

6.

23

TRA/

STP/

SL/0

6

14

SAR

__

__

__

__

__

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TRA/

STP/

SL/1

2






3.6 Geo-Hydrological Features

3.6.1 Introduction

Repaid urban, industrial and Agricultural growth and its continuous expansion around Maliya Town, Dist. Morvi has created problems related to water supply, Sewerage/ effluent disposal leading to ground water depletion and pollution. The present report in corporate hydrogeology and ground water scenario based on the scientific information with special reference to Recharge Activity around Maliya town to envisage appropriate remedial measures keeping environmental impact of Maliya development in view.

General Information of Taluka - Maliya

Total number of villages 47 Total area of Taluka 770 Sq. Km Saline area - 770 Sq. Km Fresh water area – NIL Hard rock - NIL Sq. Km Aluminum area – 770 Sq. Km Feasibility –NIL Quality of Ground Water- Saline

Climate & Rainfall

The climate of the area is semi-arid and is characterized by a hot summers. May is the hottest month with mean daily maximum temperature of 43.40 C. The area has semi-arid climate with drought frequency of 34%.

Dependable Rainfall = 509 mm = 0.509 m Last 30 year average Rainfall = 474 mm

Geology

Geologically the area around Khakhrechi village of Maliya Taluka is occupied by alluvium formation and Basalt rock formation. The thickness of alluvium in the area is about 06 to 10 mts (APS-2 Alluvium Plain Shallow). Alluvium occurring in out fall areas of Machchhu Rivers forms a prolific aquifer where ground water occurs under phreatic to semi confined conditions. Alluvium underground basalt from the aquifer more suitable for Borewell. The quality of Ground water is Brackish at all depth in the Alluvium and under line Basalt, hence further






ground water development is not suggested. In around village is Hari par, Gala, Mansar, Ground water is Saline or Brackish Hydrogeology

The litho logical logs of exploratory bore holes, electrical logging results by govt. agencies in and around Maliya Taluka have been studied to understand the subsurface geology and the aquifer system. These bore holes have penetrated the thick sequence of Jura- Cretaceous age down to 200 + m depth. Drainage Pattern

The area has a drainage pattern which is of the parallel and trellis type and which is controlled by the topography and structure and tectonics of the region. All the small streams flow from the higher grounds and meet ultimately Machhu River which flow from south to north direction to south west direction near project area. The area Drainage ultimately meets with Gulf of Kutch. Area has diverse landscape made up of small hills, valley, drainage flow, Platue and alluvium plain. The terrain slope is southly in the north and westernly in the south number of major river drains the area. Due to terrain constraint it is necessary to adopt proper soil conservation and sand water development and management practice for w/s in sustained basis. Because of short span of monsoon season and limited storage capacity and rapid cut flow for hard rock aquifers, that is need to provide ground water recharge facilities to supplement its which drawl at a time of summer. As various components of the hydrologic system-Catchment runoff, base flow and ground water an integrated at the level of river basins, river basin should be the unit of governance and management of water resource such a system of governance will ensure integration of physical sustainability consideration and the social economical and environmental consideration in water resources management planning which ultimately result in good governance. Depth of Ground Water

Shallow aquifer (Phreatic) development (up to 30m depth) in the area is limited due to rapid urbanization inferior quality and low yields. In general the ground water occurs under water table condition & confined condition where water level ranges from 30 to 60 mts depth depending upon the rock type. Pumping water level of the area is 70 to 80 mts.






tube wells and DCB yield portable water up to 80 mts. depth and Quality deteriorates with depth. 3.6.2 Feasibility of Source at the project area Khakhrechi Village Surroundings of Khakhrechi village is checked on ground water prospect Map, prepared by National Remote Sensing Agency, Dept. of SPAC, G.O.I. Hyderabad, map sheet no. 41I16 for feasibility of source. The detail is as under

Table 3.18 - Status of ground water development in the region

Hydro geomorphic unit :- APS – 2 (more than6 to10 mts) Amygdaloidal Basalt (Alluvium Plain Shallow) Geological sequence :- Upper cretaceous to Eocene Deccan Traps

Depth of water level :- 2-14 m in Dug well (11), 10-25 m in Borewell (10) Recharge condition :- Limited Aquifer material :- Loose Sediments, Fisher Rock, Fractured rock Type of well suitable :- Borewell Depth of Borewell :- 150-200 mts. depth,50-100 LPM Homogeneity in the unit :- Moderate Quality of water :- Brackish, NP Ground water irrigated area :- NIL Recharge structure suitable :- Not Required

Problems/limitations of the area: - Alluvium underground basalt from the aquifer more suitable for Borewell. The quality of Ground water is Brackish at all depth in the Alluvium and under line Basalt, hence further ground water development is not suggested. In around village is Hari par, Gala, Mansar, Ground water is Saline or Brackish.

Sr. No.

Particular Rajkot/

Morvi Dist. (MCM)

Maliya Taluka (MCM)

1 Total Annual Ground water recharge 1528.25

Saline Zone

2 Net Annual Ground water Availability 1451.83 3 Total Annual Ground Water Draft 948.65

4 Projected Demand for Domestic and Industrial up to 2025 103.44

5 Ground water Availability for Future Irrigation 477.90 6 Stage of Ground Water Development (%) 65.34 7 Category Safe






Figure 3.12 - Ground Water Prospect Map






3.7 Land Use Status 3.7.1 Introduction The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radius study area from the project site has been prepared using Sentinel Satellite image procured from NRSC (National Remote sensing Centre), Hyderabad. Land use pattern of the study area as well as the catchment area was carried out by standard methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and followed by ground truth collection (Bench mark) and interpretation of satellite data. The outcome of land use study has been presented below in subsequent table and figures. The data was processed through Q-GIS Software tools available with ESRI Package. The Land use map of the 10 Km study area is presented in Figure 3.15.

3.7.2 Land Use & Land Cover Classification Results

The present Land use / Land cover map for the proposed project activity is prepared by current vintage of satellite image. This report thus will enable assessing the impact on land use pattern in the study area due to the proposed project activity. (A) Data Used

Current vintage data of Indian Remote Sensing satellite Sentinel Satellite image FCC (False Color Composite) has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover thematic map of study area. Survey of India topo sheet as a reference map on 1:50,000 scale has been used for preparation of base layer data like road, rail network, village and mine site and for geo referencing of satellite image.

Technical Details Satellite Image - Sentinel Satellite image. Satellite Data Source - NRSC, Hyderabad Software Used - Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine and Q-Gis.

(B) Methodology

Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; Geometric and Radiometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine Software.

Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below: Acquisition of satellite data. Preparation of base map from Survey of India topo sheets. Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques.






Ground truth studies or field checks. Finalization of the map. Digitization using heads up vectorisation method. Area calculation for statistics generation.

(C) Interpretation of Remote Sensing Data

Satellite images are composed of array of grid, each grid has a numeric value that is known as digital number. Smallest unit of this grid is known as a pixel that captures reflectance of ground features represented in terms of Digital number, each representing specific land features. Using image classification technique, the satellite data is converted into thematic information, map based on the user’s knowledge about the ground area. Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature. Spectral signature represents various land use classes. Image interpretation keys are developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, association etc., which enables interpretation of satellite images for ground feature. Training sites are then assigned based on their spectral signature and interpretation elements. Using image classification algorithm land use map is generated. A total of seven land use/land cover classes have been demarcated in the study area following Level I, II and III classification (Table 1). A thematic map suitable for 1:25,000 scale map generation incorporating these classified categories has been prepared and considering that the area of the project is considerably small a large scale map is prepared (Fig.1). The area as a whole represents plain area with very gentle sloping to nearly level area to the north of area flowing from south to north and it is also observed that the major stream (Godadhari River) are linked with these two main drainage that debouche into the Little Run of kachchh. Mining / industries area as 0.08 sq.km. The total land area of scrub land covered 22.03sq km and 252.12sq km area covered under agriculture land as well as Forest area as 3.90sq km. Transportation area as 1.24sq km. has developed mainly in the area adjacent to the rivers. The adjoining area of project site is totally agricultural land including Kharif, Rabi and Summer crop, constitute the dominant category of land use covering as much as 252.12sq km of the total area. Active river canal forming the perennial water body together with the numerous open & wastelands form a major and minor land cover category. Active River and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 16.77 sq. km of the total project area. Due to






large seasonal variation in discharge of these rivers, the area coverage of this category various in space and time. The consistently shifting nature of the (canal name) and consequent bank migration has resulted in large uncultivated & rural settlement along the active plain area towards the site location. These areas (3.33sq km) are village pond and water body in the development area of the project site and are located within the uncultivated land areas significant distribution. The land use for settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural and urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 3.98sq km and land without scrub feature 2.45sq km of the total area & as such there is no current fallow land because the satellite used is of March month when most of the crop is towards sentence or maturity. Salt affected land as a 8.00 sq.km.

Table 3.19: Land Use Land Cover Classification

Sr. No. Description Area in Sq.km Percentage 1 Mixed settlement 3.98 1.27 2 Mining / Industrial 0.08 0.03 3 Transportation 1.24 0.40 4 Crop land 252.12 80.24 5 Forest 3.90 1.24 6 Salt affected 8.00 2.54 7 Waterlogged 2.32 0.74 8 Scrub land Dense 2.45 0.78 9 Scrub land Open 22.03 7.01

10 Sandy areas 0.81 0.26 11 River / Stream / Drain 5.91 1.88 12 Canal 0.46 0.15 13 Lakes / Ponds 3.33 1.06 14 Reservoir / Tanks 7.53 2.40

Total Area in sq.km 314.15 100.00

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3.7.3 Topography The topographic feature & drainage pattern of the study area has been studied from SRTM3, data having resolution of 3 arc seconds. The topo sheet have been analyzed using QGIS application to generate the contour line at interval of 10Kms considering one elevated area in the study region. Further, the digital elevation data have been analyzed to determine the slope & elevation profiles of the each individual villages of the study area as well as whole study area to ascertain the landform of the villages and study area. It has been observed that the major area of study area is levelled plain to nearly level with small slopes. Two areas in the study region have been noticed with considerably gentle slope near village Khakhrechi. Making the landform of small slopes indicating small plain with the elevation profile. Over all slope direction of the study area is noticed towards south to north. The maximum elevation and higher slope is found near northern part of Aniyari, Manaba and Kumbhariya village where a medium height is situated. The generated streams indicated that the most of the area are covered by two main stream i.e. (Godadharoi River) flowing from East to North. Topography of the area is characterized by dominating plain area with very gentle sloping to nearly level area.

Digital Elevation Model Digital Elevation Models are data files that contain the elevation of the terrain over a specified area, usually at a fixed grid interval over the "Bare Earth". The intervals between each grid points will always be referenced to some geographical coordinate system. This is usually either latitude-longitude or UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) coordinate systems. The closer are together the grid points, more detailed information will be in the file. The details of the peaks and valleys in the terrain will be better modeled with small grid spacing than when the grid intervals are very large. Elevations other than at the specific grid point locations are not contained in the file. As a result peak points and valley points not coinciding with the grid will not be recorded in the file. For practical purpose this "Bare Earth" DEM is generally synonymous with a Digital Terrain Model (DTM)

Data Used DEM Data: Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data Software Used: ERDAS Imagine & Q - GIS.

Physiography and Drainage Pattern The area of the project site is located in the Northern part of Morbi District of Gujarat state. Topography of the area is characterized by very gentle sloping area to level to nearly level. A Seasonal river, i.e. (Godadharoi River) drains through the study area and merges Little Run of kachchh.

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3.8 Ecology & Biodiversity

In order to understand the status of biodiversity (flora and fauna) in different habitats in and around the Shree Petro Chemical. Project area, the field work was carried out during October 2018.

3.8.1 Macro Level Approach- Secondary Data Collection

Collection and collation of project related secondary information. Rapid survey of the project area to identify existing major habitat types within it (Wilderness area, Agriculture, Wasteland and Wetlands, i.e., village ponds, tanks, reservoirs and riverine, Fringes areas of Rann etc.).

3.8.2 Micro Level Approach- Field Data Collection

Micro level filled approach involved mainly the survey-based primary data collection on various biodiversity components of the project objectives. The field data collection mainly included biodiversity assessment of different life forms of floral species such as; trees, shrubs, herbs and grass. Faunal diversity was also assessed by inventorying the major group like herpe to fauna, birds and mammals.

3.8.2.1 Floral Status

Status of floral diversity was assessed in representative habitats of each type like; wastelands which include: open scrub forest and Prosopis juliflora thickets (i.e. Near Jetpur, Jivapur, Bagathala road), semi-wilderness area, agricultural hedge, near human habitation, plantation, stream and river beds (i.e. Vavadi, Charavda and Nava Devaliya etc.) and wetlands (inland) etc..

3.8.2.2 Faunal Status

Herpetofauna

Status of herpe to fauna was assessed using Intensive Time Constrained Search Method covering different micro habitats (Welsh, 1987, Welsh and Lind 1991). This intensive search was made in different habitat types randomly selected. Birds

Avifaunal status was assessed both in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Total count or flock count method was adopted to assess the status of aquatic birds in the existing water bodies (Sridharan 1989 and Bhupathy 1991). Point count method was used to assess the status of






terrestrial birds (Bibby et al., 1992 and Hutto et al., 1986). The second technique adopted was area search method (Dieni and Jones 2002), a time area constrained survey technique that has been widely and commonly used in several bird monitoring programs. Mammals

Status and distribution of different mammal species was quantified using Direct count Vehicle transects (travelling between the sampling location) (Burnham et al. 1980) and indirect evidences within the survey areas (Rodgers 1988 and Sale and Berkmuller, 1988). Indirect evidences like, Pellet, dung, tracks (Thommpson et al 1989, Allen et al 1996), scat count (Henke and knowlton 1995) and other signs were enumerated using slandered method for nocturnal species (Daniels 1992). Presence of different faunal species was also substantiated by interviewing the local people and experts with pictorial representation.

Near Project Site At Sultanpur village

Figure 3.17- Photographs showing biodiversity status

3.8.3 Biodiversity Status

This section discusses the ecological status of biota for the M/s. Shree Petro Chemical. The baseline status of biota (plant and animals) discussed at various site-specific as well as habitat specific. Biodiversity Status - Flora

A. Taxonomical Status

Within the sample plots of the study areas, a total of 134 plant species belong to 114 genera and 47 families were recorded. In addition, dicotyledons are dominant plant group and represented by 111 species (82.84%) (Table 3.20). In addition, maximum species (103 Nos.) were recorded from wasteland/habitation habitat and followed by agriculture






habitat (93 species), open scrub (76 species) and wetland/Riverine areas (57 species) (Annexure - 6).

Among the tree species Prosopisjuliflora was dominated in all the habitats and Salvadora persica was the second dominant species and recorded only close to open areas. Among all the recorded species very few herbs (i.e. Achyranthes aspera var. porphyristachya, Convolvulus microphyllus, Corchorus depressus & Aerva persica) and only one grass species (i.e. Cenchrus biflorus) was found in all the habitats. Certain species showed restricted distribution for example grass species like Sporobolus maderaspatensis, Sporobolus marginatus and Eleusine compressa were encountered only in the Middle area which are more open as well as saline, while Cordia perrottetii and Maytenus emarginata were recorded only on landward side and mainly in wilderness areas. In addition, species diversity also calculated with 3.12 for project site and 3.33 for surrounding sites including agriculture and wasteland sites. The entire study area estimated plant species diversity of H’3.53 (Table 3.20).

Table 3.20 - Taxonomic Status of Plant Species Taxonomical

status Dicotyledons Monocotyledons Overall

Families 43 4 47 Genera 95 19 114 Species 111 23 134

Relative % 82.84 % 17.16 % 100 %

Close to Site In and around Proposed Site

Overall

H’ Diversity 3.12 3.33 3.53

B. Status of Life Form

Study area reported 134 plant species and they formed 12 sub-categories of life forms within five main categories. Among the life forms, herb was dominated by recording 42 species and contributed maximum of 31.34% of the total list of plants followed by trees (34 species and 25.37%). Third dominating life form was shrub species (28) and shared 20.90%. The contribution other life forms was less than 15% of the species list (Table 3.21).

Table 3.21 - Life Form Status of Plant Species Life Form Nos. Relative %

Herb Herb 41 42 31.34 Twining Herb 1






Life Form Nos. Relative % Grass Grass 16 20 14.93 Sedge 4 Climber Climber 6 10 7.46 Twiner 3 Woody Twiner 1 Shrub Shrub 13 28 20.90 Under Shrub 12 Straggling Shrub 3 Tree Tree 28 34 25.37 Small Tree 6

TOTAL 134 134 100.00

C. Common/ Domestic Tree Species

A total of 13 common tree species were identified with a total of 34 trees within the sample plots of the study area. Among the species, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica and Prosopis cineraria was enumerated maximum times in and around the settlement areas (Table 3.22 & Annexure - 6).

Table 3.22 - Common Tree Species

Sr. No Species Name Local Name Habit Family

1 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. subsp. indica(Bth.) Brenan

Deshi Bavar Tree Mimosaceae

2 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Limbdo, Neem Tree Meliaceae

3 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. Hingor, Hingod

Small Tree Balanitaceae

4 Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) E.&.A. Gundi Tree Ehretiaceae 5 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohor Tree Caesalpiniaceae 6 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Karanj Tree Fabaceae 7 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad Tree Moraceae

8 Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Wt. & Arn. Liso Bavar Tree Mimosaceae

9 Parkinsonia aculeata L. Ram Bavar Small Tree Caesalpiniaceae

10 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth.

Goras Amali Tree Mimosaceae

11 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khijado Tree Mimosaceae 12 Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. - Tree Tamaricaceae






Sr. No Species Name Local Name Habit Family

13 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Boradi Small Tree Rhamnaceae

D. Wild/Forest Tree Species

Within the study area only 3 wild/forest tree species have been recorded which were belonging to 3 families and 3 genera. Since the area are dominant with agriculture and open wasteland habitats, and hence, very few trees were recorded under this category (Table 3.23 & Annexure - 5) and it indicates low density of wild tree species in and around the study area.

Table 3.23 - Wild/Forest Tree Species Sr. No Species Name Local Name Habit Family

1 Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. Harmo Bavar Tree Mimosaceae 2 Cordia perrottetii Wt. Liar Tree Ehretiaceae 3 Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) D. Hou Vikaro Tree Celastreceae

E. Status of Agriculture Crops

Based on the intensive field survey in and around the agricultural area and dialogue with the local farmers a total of 9 species have been listed from the study area as crop species. The crops list includes 3 grainsand cash/commercial; one species cultivated for green fodder and five species cultivated as a fruit crops. Vegetable crops were found cultivated along the agricultural hedges in a small extent of area (Table 3.24 & Annexure - 5).

Table 3.24 - List of Agriculture and Commercial Crop Species Recorded Sr. No

Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season

1 Carica papaya L. Papaiyu Tree Caricaceae All 2 Mangifera indica L. Ambo, Keri Jo Zad Tree Anacardiaceae Summer

3 Manilkara zapota (L.)

van Royen Chiku Jo Zad Tree Sapotaceae Summer

4 Phoenix sylvestris (L.)

Roxb. Khajuri Jo Zad Tree Arecaceae Summer

5 Punica granatum L. Dadam Small Tree

Punicaceae All

6 Arachis hypogaea L. Mung Fali Herb Fabaceae Winter






Sr. No

Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season

7

Gossypium herbaceum auct. Non L. var.

acerifolium(Guill. & Perr.) Chevalier

Lariokapa, Vagdau Hirvani

Shrub Malvaceae Winter

8 Pennisetum typhoides A.

Rich. Bajri Grass Poaceae Summer

9 Sorghum bicolor (L.)

Moench. Juwar, Jwar Grass Poaceae Fodder

Status of Mangroves Based on the intensive field survey in and around the creek areas, the dominant stunted mangroves and associate species are dominant by Avicinnea marina (Cheriya), Suaeda sps., Salsola sp., Salvadora persica, Tamarix sp. etc. Biodiversity Status - Fauna A. Herpetofauna

The buffer zone area covering 5 km radius reported overall 10 species belong to 10 genus and 8 families. Within the buffer zone, among the habitats types maximum of seven species were enered along the Sakra and Churva Riverine (discussed and collected information from local people) followed by five species in agriculture areas and two species in other habitats (Table 3.25).

Table 3.25 - Taxonomical Status of Herpetofauna

No. Family Species name Common English Name IUCN

Status I. Amphibians

1 Ranidae Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799)

DEDAKO Skittering Frog LR-nt

II.Tortoise

2 Testudinidae Geochelone elegans (Schoepff, 1975)

TARNKINT KACHBO Indian Star Tortoise VU

III. Geckos

3 Gekkonidae Hemidactylus brookii Gray, 1845.

GARODI Spotted Indian House Gecko LR-lc






No. Family Species name Common English Name IUCN

Status IV. Agamid lizards

4

Agamidae

Calotes versicolor (Daudin, 1802)

KACHINDO Indian Garden Lizard LR-nt

5 Sitana ponticeriana Cuvier, 1844.

KACHINDI Fan-Throated Lizard LR-lc

6 Uromastyx hardwickii Gray, 1827

SANDHO Spiny Tailed Lizard VU

V. Skinks

7 Scincidae Mabuya carinata (Schneider, 1801)

SAP NI MASI Common Keeled Grass Skink LR-nt

VI. Monitor lizard

8 Varanidae Varanus bengalensis (Linnaeus, 1758)*

GO Common Indian Monitor VU

VII. Snakes

9 Boidae Eryx johnii (Russell, 1801) BE MODHVARI Eastern Red Sand Boa LR-lc

10 Viperidae Echis carinatus (Schneider, 1801)

FURSO Indian Saw-Scaled Viper LR-nt

VU- vulnerable, LR-nt- Lower risk near threaten, LR-Ic- Lower risk least concern

LR-nt- Lower risk near threatened and LR-Ic- Lower risk least concern

B. Birds (Terrestrial and Aquatic)

Status of terrestrial and aquatic birds was assessed during latter part of winter and summer and reported a total of 56 species belongs to 51 genera and 36 families in the buffer zone of study area (Table 3.26). Habitat specific abundance resulted more contribution was from agriculture and habitation areas; and there is no any permanent aquatic habitat existing within it, therefore during the study period aquatic avifauna was reported from the nearby seasonal water bodies and reservoir. In addition, out of 56 species, 45 species are Resident (R), 9 species are Resident Migratory (RM) and rests of two species are Migratory; and as per WLPA (1972) a total of six species recorded under schedule-I, 49 species were recorded under schedule-IV and only a species recorded under schedule-V category (Table 3.26).






Table 3.26 - Overall Status of Terrestrial and Aquatic Birds

S. No. Order, Family and Species Common English

Name MS Sch. FG

GALLIRORMES Phasianidae

1 Francolinus pondicerisnus Grey Francolin R IV G 2 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl R I G

ANSERIFORMES Anatidae

3 Sarkidiornis melanotos Comb Duck R IV A UPUPIFORMES Upupidae

4 Upupa epops Common Hoopoe RM IV I CORACIIFORMES Coraciidae

5 Coracias garrulus European Roller RM IV I 6 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller R IV I

Alcedinidae

7 Alcedo Hercules Common Kingfisher R IV P

Dacelonidae

8 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher R IV P

Cerylidae

9 Ceryle rudis Lesser Pied Kingfisher R IV P

Meropidae 10 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater R IV I

CUCULIFORMES Cuculidae

11 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel R IV F Centropodidae

12 Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R IV O PSITTACIFORMES Psittacidae

13 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet R IV F APODIFORMES Apodidae







Name MS Sch. FG

14 Apus affinis House(Little) Swift R IV I STEIGIFORMES Strigidae

15 Athene brama Spotted Owlet R IV C COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae

16 Columba livia Rock Pigeon R IV G 17 Streptopelia senegalensis Laughing Dove R IV G 18 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove R IV G

GRUIFORMES Gruidae

19 Grus grus Common Crane M IV O 20 Grus virgo Demoiselle Crane M IV O

Rallidae 21 Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen R IV A 22 Fulica atra Common Coot R IV A

CICONIFORMES Pteroclididae

23 Pterocles indicus Painted Sandgrouse R IV G Scolopacidae

24 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper R IV A Charadriidae

25 Himantopus himantopus Blackwinged Stilt R IV A 26 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing R IV I

Accipitridae

27 Elanus caeruleus Black-shouldered Kite R IV C

28 Haliastur Indus Brahminy Kite R IV C Phalacrocoracidae

29 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Indian Cormorant R IV A Ardeidae

30 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron RM IV A 31 Ardea alba Great Egret RM IV A 32 Egretta garzetta Little Egret R IV A 33 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret R IV AI







Name MS Sch. FG

34 Ardeola grayii Indian Pond Heron R IV A Threskiornithidae

35 Pseudibis papillosa Black Ibis R IV I Ciconidae

36 Mycteria leucocephala Painted Stork RM IV A PASSERIFORMES Laniidae

37 Lanius meridionalis Southern Grey Shrike R IV C Corvidae

38 Corvus splendens House Crow R V I 39 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet R IV I 40 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo R IV I

Muscicapidae 41 Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin R IV I

Sturnidae 42 Sturnus roseus Rosy Starling M IV G 43 Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna R IV I 44 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna R IV I

Hirundinidae 45 Hirundo daurica Red-rump Swallow R IV I

Pycnonotidae 46 Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul R IV I

Cisticolidae 47 Orthotomus sutorius Tailor Bird R IV I

Sylviidae 48 Turdoides caudatus Common Babbler R IV G

Alaudidae 49 Galerida cristata Crested Lark R IV GI

Nectariniidae 50 Nectarinia asiatica Purple Sunbird R IV N

Passeridae 51 Ploceus philippinus Baya Weaver R IV G 52 Passer domesticus House Sparrow R IV G

MS= Migratory Status, M= Migratory, R= Resident, RM= Resident migratory, Sch= Schedule as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972; FG= Feeding Guild, O= Omnivore,







Name MS Sch. FG

G= Granevore, P= Pisivore, C= Carnivore, I= Insectivore, A= Aquatic.

C. Status of Mammals

As discussed with local people, within buffer zone only 12 species of mammalian fauna was reported and each belongs to separate family/group. None of the family reported more than two species and showed low species richness (Table 3.27). Since the study area dominated by agriculture habitat, mammalian fauna showed low species richness, but, more scattered distribution.

Table 3.27 - Overall Status of Mammals S.

No. Scientific Name English Species Local Name

Food Habit

WPA, 1972 status

Bovidae 1 Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas,

1766) Nilgai Roz Herbivore III

2 Gazella gazelle Chinkara Haran Herbivore I Canidae

3 Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) Golden Jackal Siyar Omnovore V 4 Vulpes bengalensis Indian Fox Lokadi Omnovore II Erinaceidae

5 Hemiechinus micropus Indian Hedgehog

Shero Herbivore

Felidae 6 Felis chaus (Schreber,1777) Jungle Cat Jangali

Mini Carnivore II

Herpestidae 7 Herpestes edwardsii (E.Geoffroy

Saint-Hilaire,1818) Grey Mongoose Noriyo Carnivore II

Hyaenidae 8 Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus,1758) Striped Hyena Charak Scavenger Hystricidae

9 Hystrix indica (Kerr,1792) Indian Porcupine

Sahudi, Sedhi Herbivore

Leporidae 10 Lepus nigricollis (F.Cuvier,1823) Indian Hare Sasla Herbivore IV

Suidae 11 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus,1758) Wild Boar Suvar Herbivore III

Viverridae 12 Viverricula indica

(Desmarest,1804) Small Indian Civet

Veju Carnivore






3.8.4 Conclusion

This study reported a total of 134 plant species, 10 herpetofauna, 56 birds and 12 species of mamamals from the buffer zone of M/s. Shree Petro Chemical. However, no threatened biodiversity reported with highest density or richness from the core and buffer zones of the study area.

According to the World Conservation Monitoring Center classification (WCMC, 1994) and Nayar and Sastry (1988) 40 plant species have been listed as threatened species in Gujarat. Of this nearly 25 species are believed to occur in Kachchh and Suarashtra. However, only Citrullus colocynthis-a ground creeper was reported within the study area; in total 21 individuals were recorded. Most of the individuals were found in the dry riverbeds and fallow lands with sandy substrate. Abundance was very less close to the project areas.

No threatened mammalian species were seen as well as not found any indirect evidence in and around the project site.

Status assessment of terrestrial ecosystem of this present study clearly indicated no significant conservation values in term of presence of critical habitats, threatened flora and fauna (except one species of flora and avian fauna). Further, clear understanding and evaluation of project associated activities showed that there was no requirement of any additional lands, which would impact upon the biological diversity existing in it. Hence no impact assessment and mitigation has been visualized for the same.






3.9 Socio Economic Environment 3.9.1 Introduction

Any developmental activity will influence the socioeconomic conditions of the population in the region and thus the Quality of Life (QOL). Socioeconomic survey is necessary in EIA/EMP report preparation to predict the changes on social and economic status. Hence baseline data for demographic characteristics, education, health, amenities and sensitive locations existing in and around the project area have been studied in the study area. For the study of socioeconomics 5 km radius around the site is selected.

The study area is mostly agricultural land. The major language is Gujarati, Hindi and English with an accumulation of different cultures like the Hindus, Muslims and the Christians. It is the centre of Gujarati cultural activities and diverse traditions of different ethnic and religious communities

Village: Khakhrechi

Figure 3.20 - Photograph showing Socio-Economic Data Collection

3.9.2 Socioeconomics

Village/town wise population, households, Occupation and Literacy status have been collected based on Census, 2011 in the following aspects:

Table 3.28 - List of Villages covered in 5 km Radius Area

Sr. No. Village name Taluka District House hold

Total Population

1 Vardusar Maliya Morvi 25 129 2 Sultanpur Maliya Morvi 196 1040 3 Manaba Maliya Morvi 175 830






Sr. No. Village name Taluka District House hold

Total Population

4 Khakhrechi Maliya Morvi 1071 4950 5 Piludi Maliya Morvi 93 491 6 Rapar Maliya Morvi 131 668 7 Aniyari Maliya Morvi 208 1141

3.9.3 Households A 'household' is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a common household. Each such person was to be treated as separate households. The important link is finding out whether it was a household or not was a common kitchen. There may be one member households, two member households or multi-member households.

There are nearly 9,249 House Holds (HH) found in the study area. The details of Households are given in Table 3.29. 3.9.4 Population

Village/ town wise population composition as per 2011 census is listed in Table 3.29. The total population of villages covered in 5 km radius is 9,249. The male & female population is 4,770 and 4,479 respectively.

The summarized data of population distribution is given in Table 3.29 and represented in Figure 3.21.

Table 3.29 - Population Distribution in the Study Area

Sr. No. Name HH

POPULATION SC POPULATION ST POPULATION

T M F T M F T M F 1 Vardusar 25 129 63 66 21 10 11 0 0 0 2 Sultanpur 196 1040 526 514 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 Manaba 175 830 440 390 39 27 12 0 0 0 4 Khakhrechi 1071 4950 2564 2386 290 154 136 3 2 1 5 Piludi 93 491 254 237 80 40 40 0 0 0 6 Rapar 131 668 350 318 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Aniyari 208 1141 573 568 25 12 13 0 0 0

Total 1899 9249 4770 4479 455 243 212 3 2 1






Figure 3.18 - Percentage of Total Population Distribution

3.9.5 Occupational Structure

Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in 'work' as defined above are workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. Occupational structure is divided in to 3 categories viz., Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers. The distribution data for workers and non-workers is given in Table 3.30 and Figure 3.22. Main workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e., 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers. Marginal workers: Those workers who have not worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as marginal workers. Non workers: All workers, i.e., those who have been engaged in some economic activity during the last one-year, but are not cultivators or agricultural laborers or in Household Industry, are 'Other-Workers (OW)'. The type of workers that come under this category of 'OW' include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests, entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all






those workers other than cultivators or agricultural laborers or household industry workers are other workers.

Figure 3.19 - Percentage Distribution of Workers

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

60

Tabl

e 3.

30 -

Occ

upat

iona

l Str

uctu

re in

the

Stud

y Ar

ea

No.

N

ame

TOTA

L W

ORK

ERS

MAI

N W

OR

KER

S M

ARGI

NAL

W

OR

KER

S N

ON

WO

RK

ERS

T M

F

T M

F

T M

F

T M

F

1 Va

rdus

ar

44

38

6 37

36

1

7 2

5 85

25

60

2

Sulta

npur

41

1 33

1 80

40

5 33

0 75

6

1 5

629

195

434

3 M

anab

a 30

8 24

5 63

11

6 11

1 5

192

134

58

522

195

327

4 Kh

akhr

echi

20

56

1537

51

9 19

31

1492

43

9 12

5 45

80

28

94

1027

18

67

5 Pi

ludi

13

9 11

8 21

95

90

5

44

28

16

352

136

216

6 Ra

par

189

183

6 18

5 18

1 41

4

2 2

479

167

312

7 An

iyar

i 59

9 35

8 24

1 39

1 35

0 41

20

8 8

200

542

215

327

Tota

l 37

46

2810

93

6 31

60

2590

60

7 58

6 22

0 36

6 55

03

1960

35

43

3.9.

6Li

tera

cy

A pe

rson

age

d 7

year

s an

d ab

ove

who

can

bot

h re

ad a

nd w

rite

with

und

erst

andi

ng a

ny la

ngua

ge h

as b

een

take

n as

lite

rate

. It

is n

ot n

eces

sary

for

a pe

rson

to h

ave

rece

ived

any

form

al e

duca

tion

or p

asse

d an

y m

inim

um e

duca

tiona

l sta

ndar

d fo

r be

ing

trea

ted

as li

tera

te. P

eopl

e w

ho w

ere

blin

d an

d co

uld

read

in B

raill

e ar

e tr

eate

d to

be

liter

ates

. A p

erso

n, w

ho c

an o

nly

read

but

ca

nnot

wri

te, i

s tr

eate

d as

illit

erat

e. A

ll ch

ildre

n of

age

6 y

ears

or

less

, eve

n if

goin

g to

sch

ool a

nd h

ave

pick

ed u

p re

adin

g an

d w

ritin

g, a

re tr

eate

d as

illit

erat

es.

The

tota

l num

ber o

f lite

rate

s and

illit

erat

es a

re 6

,222

and

3,0

27 re

spec

tivel

y (T

able

3.3

1 an

d Fi

gure

3.2

3).






Table 3.31 - Literacy Status in the Study Area Sr. No. Name Literates Illiterates

T M F T M F 1 Vardusar 74 39 35 55 24 31 2 Sultanpur 621 357 264 419 169 250 3 Manaba 534 323 211 296 117 179 4 Khakhrechi 3376 1947 1429 1574 617 957 5 Piludi 305 161 1445 186 93 93 6 Rapar 507 290 217 161 60 101 7 Aniyari 805 460 345 336 113 223

Total 6222 3577 3946 3027 1193 1834

Figure 3.20 - Distribution of Literacy Levels

3.9.7 Amenities Education, Medical, Water availability, Post & Telegraph, Communication, Banking facilities and Power supply are considered for the study. Village wise list of amenities are given in Table 3.32 (as per 2011 Census).

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

62

Tabl

e 3.

32 -

Basi

c am

enit

ies

deta

il fo

r st

udy

villa

ges

cove

red

in 1

0 km

rad

ius

(As

per

cens

us 2

011)

Sr.

No.

Vi

llage

Ty

pe o

f Fac

iliti

es A

vaila

ble

Faci

litie

s Av

aila

ble

(Nos

.) D

rink

ing

Wat

er

Pow

er

supp

ly

Appr

oach

to

Vill

age

Com

mun

icat

ion

Tran

spor

tati

on

Educ

atio

nal

Faci

litie

s M

edic

al

1 Va

rdus

ar

T W

T/P/

L EA

PR

DR KR

F

T IC

B P-

1 0

2 Su

ltanp

ur

T W

HP

TW

R/C

T/P/

L

EA

PR

DR-

2 F

T IC

B P-

1 0

3 M

anab

a

T W

HP

TW

R/C

T/P/

L

EA

SH

PR

DR-

2 KR

F

T IC

PCO

B P-

2 0

4 Kh

akhr

echi

T

T/P/

L EA

SH

PR

F DR

T IC

PCO

B P-

4 SS

-1

PHC-

1 PH

SC-2

5 Pi

ludi

T

EA

PR

KR

F

DR F

B P-

1 0

Envi

ronm

enta

l Im

pact

Ass

essm

ent R

epor

t

M/s

. Shr

ee P

etro

Che

mic

al

Surv

ey N

o.: 1

261,

Vill

age:

Kha

khre

chi,

Talu

ka: -

Mal

iya,

Dis

tric

t: - M

orbi

, Guj

arat

.

T. R

. Ass

ocia

tes

(Ahm

edab

ad)

NA

BET

Acc

redi

ted

Cha

pter

-3: D

escr

iptio

n of

Env

iron

men

t 3.

63

Sr.

No.

Vi

llage

Ty

pe o

f Fac

iliti

es A

vaila

ble

Faci

litie

s Av

aila

ble

(Nos

.) D

rink

ing

Wat

er

Pow

er

supp

ly

Appr

oach

to

Vill

age

Com

mun

icat

ion

Tran

spor

tati

on

Educ

atio

nal

Faci

litie

s M

edic

al

6 Ra

par

T EA

PR

F

DR PR

F

B P-

1 0

7 An

iyar

i T

EA

PR

KR

F

DR PR

F

B P-

2 SS

-1

SSC-

1 0






Abbreviations Education P : Primary School M : Middle school SS : Secondary School SSC : Senior Secondary School C : College Medical CHW : Community Health Worker PHC : Primary Health Center PHS : Primary Health Sub-Center MCW : Maternity Child Welfare TB : T.B. Clinic AH : Allopathic Hospital D : Dispensary FWC : Family Welfare Center Water T : Tap W : Well HP : Hand Pump TW : Tube Well R/C : River/Canal T/P/L : Tank/Pond/Lake O : Other Communication Facility PO : Post Office PT : Post and Telegraph Office T : Telephone (landlines) PCO/M: Public Call Office /Mobile (PCO) IC : Internet Cafes / Common Service Centre C : Private Courier Facility Transportation B : Bus RS : Railway Station T : Taxi S/R/F : Sea/River/Ferry Service Approach to Village NH : National Highway SH : State Highway DR : District Road PR : Black Topped (pucca) Road KR : Gravel (kuchha) Roads NW : Navigable Waterways (River/Canal) F : Foothpath

Power Supply EA : Electricity Available






3.9.8 Conclusion The socio economic studies has been conducted in order to study the present Socio- Economic conditions prevailing around the plant site for the establishment of an interactive environment between the residents of the area with the proponent which would be helpful for the proponent for the assessment of the required developments of the area. This study was done by looking and maintaining a good understanding of that locality as well as their socio-economic status which can help in the assessment of their Socio-Economic status, costumes, and requirements for the development etc. Based on the study carried out it can be interpreted that proposed project would contribute to improvement in the Quality Of Life (QOL) in the region to some extent in following manner.

Industrial growth will improve economic status of the people either directly or indirectly. Creation of employment is another positive impact anticipated from this plant. The development of infrastructure (roads, lighting etc.) may not only helpful for transportation but also to improve aesthetic value of the site. Non-workers comprises of 59% of the total population in the study area. This intense unemployment fate can be reduced to some extent.

3.10 Traffic Survey Traffic counts are important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing road due to upcoming expansion of project.

Project site is to be located near to Maliya Highway (State Highway 7). The industry will utilize the stated highway for transportation purpose. Thus, traffic survey has been carried out on above stated highway. Studied route is shown in figure 3.24.

Details regarding the traffic survey are: Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals. Morning period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 10.00 to 14.00 hrs. Evening period (pick hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs.

Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated below:






Figure 3.21 - Image showing Traffic Surveying Location

Table 3.33 - Traffic Count Data

Type of Vehicles

Maliya Highway (State Highway 7) Date & Timings of Survey (hrs)

22/01/2019 10.00 - 14.00 (4 hr) 16.00 - 20.00 (4 hr)

Large Trailer 59 97

Heavy Vehicle (Bus, Truck, etc.)

51 73

Medium Vehicle (Tractors, Light Commercial Vehicles

etc.) 74 38

Light Vehicle (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.)

153 115

3 Wheeler (Rickshaw)

126 48

2 Wheeler (Scooter, Motorcycle etc.)

257 151






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