chapter 9 objectives:to understand the molecular and mass information given in a balanced equation
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 9
Objectives:To understand the molecular and mass information given in a balanced equation.
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NOW LET’S GET BACK to…
CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(l)
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9.2 Mole-Mole Relationships
Objectives: To learn to use a balanced equation to determine relationships between moles of reactants and moles of products.
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Mole-Ratio:
2H2O 2H2(g) + O2(g)
4H2O 4H2(g) + 2O2(g)
5.8H2O 5.8H2(g) + ?O2(g)
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Mole-Ratio:
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
What number of moles of oxygen gas is
required to react with 7.4 mol of methane?
How many moles of carbon dioxide gas will
be produced by reacting 2.6 mol of oxygen
with excess methane?
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Mole-Ratio:
2H2S(g)+3O2(g) 2SO2(g) + 2H2OHow many moles of oxygen gas are required to
react with 5.6 mol of hydrogen sulfide?
How many moles of sulfur dioxide gas will
be produced by reacting 7.3 mol of hydrogen
sulfide with excess oxygen? How many moles of sulfur dioxide gas will be produced by reacting 7.3 mol of oxygen with excess hydrogen sulfide?
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Mole-Ratio: HW SC9.1
4FeO(s) + O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s)What number of moles of oxygen gas is
required to react with 2.4 mol of iron(II) oxide?
What number of moles of iron(III) oxide will be
produced by reacting 9.2 mol of iron(II)oxide
with excess oxygen? What number of moles of iron(III) oxide will beproduced by reacting 9.2 mol of oxygen withexcess iron(II) oxide?
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9.3 Mass Calculations
Objective: To learn to relate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
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9.3 Mass Calculations
BACK TO THE DELI
2 pieces of bread+3 slices of meat+ 1 cheese
1 sandwich
If each slice of bread weighs ½ of a slice of meat and the total meat = 6 oz, what is the weight of bread necessary for 1 sandwich?
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9.3 Mass Calculations
C3H8(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g).
What mass of oxygen is needed to react exactly with 44.1 g of propane?
Step1: Balance the equation
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g).
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9.3 Mass Calculations
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g).
44.1 g ? g O2
? moles ? mol O2
44.1 g C3H8 X 1mol C3H8 = 1.00 mol C3H8
44.09 g C3H8
Step 2
5 mol of O2= 1molC3H8 Step 3
5 mol x 32.0g O2
1 molANSWER
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9.3 Mass Calculations
2NaOH(aq)+CO2(g) Na2CO3(g) + H2O(l)
10 g ? g CO2
? moles ? mol CO2
Step 2
Step 3
ANSWER5.5 g CO2
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9.3 Mass Calculations
10 g ? g CO2
? moles ? mol CO2
Step 2
Step 3
ANSWER5.5 g CO2
Homework: Self-check exercises 9.2, 9.3, and 9.4
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9.5: Mass Calculations-Comparing 2 Reactions
Objectives: To compare the stoichiometry of two reactions
Which is better……………… Baking soda or Milk of Magnesia
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9.5: Mass Calculations-Comparing 2 Reactions
How many moles of HCl will react with 1.00 g of each antacid?
Baking soda
NaHCO3(s) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq)+ H2O + CO2(g)
Milk of MagnesiaMg(OH)2(s) + 2HCl(aq) 2H2O + MgCl2(aq)
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Section 9.4: Mass Calculations using Scientific Notation
Objectives: To carry out mass calculations that involve scientific notation.
Stoichiometry: process of using a chemical equation to calculate the relative masses of reactants and products involved in a reaction.
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Section 9.4: Mass Calculations using Scientific Notation
1) Divide into 3 or 4 teams p.264
2) Using the equation provided calculate the mass of the substance produced if you use up all of that Top Ten chemical.
Ca3(PO4)2 + H2SO4 H3PO4
N2 + H2 NH3
C2H4 + O2 CO2 + H2OCaCO3 CaO+CO2
NaOH + H3PO4 Na3PO4 + H2OC3H7 + O2 CO2 + H2ONa + Cl2 NaCl
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9.6: The Concept of Limiting Reactants
Objective: To understand the concept of limiting reactants
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9.6: The Concept of Limiting Reactants
Deli: 20 slices of bread24 slices of meat12 slices of cheese
2 pieces of bread + 3 meat + 1 cheeseHow many sandwiches?What is limiting?NCSSM Distance Learning T.I.G.E.R. - Chemistry page 2#
stoich
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Before the Reaction
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Before and after the reaction.
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Example #2
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Before and after the reaction.
Limiting reactant
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• NCSSM Distance Learning T.I.G.E.R. - Chemistry page 2#stoich
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Section 9.7: Calculations involving a Limiting Reactant
Objectives:To learn to recognize the limiting reactant in a reaction.
To learn to use the limiting reactant to do stoichiometric calculations.
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Section 9.7: Calculations involving a Limiting Reactant
Objectives:To learn to recognize the limiting reactant in a reaction.
To learn to use the limiting reactant to do stoichiometric calculations.
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9.7 Limiting Reactant
CH4(g) + H2O(g) 3H2(g) + CO(g)
249 g ? g H2O
? moles ? mol H2O
Step 2
Step 3
ANSWER279g H2O
15.5 mol
15.5 mol
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9.7 Limiting Reactant
CH4(g) + H2O(g) 3H2(g) + CO(g)
249 g 300 g H2O
? moles ? mol H2O
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9.7 Limiting Reactant
CH4(g) + H2O(g) 3H2(g) + CO(g)
249 g 300 g H2O
? moles ? mol H2O
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Figure 9.2: A map of the procedure used in Example 9.7.
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9.7 Examples
Aluminum reacts with chlorine gas to form aluminum chloride according to the following reaction:
2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2 AlCl3(s)
In a certain experiment, 10.0 g of aluminumIs reacted with 35.0 g of chlorine gas.
What mass of aluminum chloride will be Produced, assuming a complete reaction?
What mass of which reactant is left after the reaction?
43.9 g AlCl3
1.1 g Al(s)
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9.8 Percent Yield
Objectives: To learn to calculate actual yield
as a percentage of theoretical yield
Actual yield Theoretical Yield x 100 = percent yield
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9.8 Percent Yield
Suppose 6.85x104g of CO(g) reacts with 8.60 kg of H2(g).
Calculate the theoretical yield of methanolIf 3.57x 104 g of CH3OH is produced what is the percent yield?
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9.8 Percent YieldUrea is formed by the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide:2NH3(g) + CO2(g) CN2H4O(s) + H2O(l)
In a certain experiment 100.0 g of ammonia is reacted with 100.0 g of carbon dioxide, and 120.0 g of urea is produced. Determine the percent yield for this reaction.
88.23 %
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The Nuts and Bolts of Chemistry
Do Activity on p. 254
Do this in 3 groups
Answer the questions in number 8.
Turn in the assignment once it’s done.
You have 20 minutes.
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We are going to a DELI!
You are making a sandwich.
What do you need?
2 pieces of bread + 3 slices of meat + 1 slice cheese
1 SANDWICH
NOW,HOW MUCH WOULD YOU NEED TO FEED THIS CLASS?