chapter 9 momentum & its conservation. determining impulse f = ma a = v/ t
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 9Momentum &
Its Conservation
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Determining Impulse
F = maa = v/t
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ThusF = mv/t or
Ft = mv
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Impulse•The product of a force times the amount of time
the force is applied.
•Ft
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Determining Momentum
v = vf – vi
thus
mv = mvf – mvi
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Momentum (p)•The product of mass
times velocity
•p = mv
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Change in Momentum
p = mv
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Ft = mv•Impulse = momentum
change
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Ft = mv = mvf - mvi
= pf - pi
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The Equation below is called the Impulse-
Momentum Theorem
Ft = pf - pi
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A 750 kg car is traveling east at 180 km/hr. Calculate the
magnitude & direction of its momentum.
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A 250 kg car is traveling east at 360 km/hr. Calculate the
magnitude & direction of its momentum.
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A 250 kg car collides with a 10.0 Mg shed & remains in contact with the shed for 0.500 s. Calculate the force
of the collision & the impulse imparted onto the
shed.
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Drill: A force of 25 N is applied to a 5.0 kg
object for 5.0 seconds. Calculate: impulse, p & v:
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A force of 75 N is applied to a 5.0 kg
object for 15.0 seconds. Calculate: impulse, p & v:
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A 250 kg sled is accelerated from 6.0 m/s to 18 m/s over
120 s. Calculate: a, pi, pf, p, & impulse
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A 150 g ball pitched at 40.0 m/s is batted in the
opposite direction at 40.0 m/s. Calculate: p,
& impulse
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Drill: A 60.0 kg man drives his car into a tree
at 25 m/s. The car comes to rest in 0.20 s. Calculate: p & F on
the man.
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Calculate the momentum change when a 100.0 kg
block accelerates for 10.0 s down a 37o incline with a frictional coefficient of
0.25
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Conservation of Momentum
•In a closed system, momentum is
conserved
•pf = pi or p1 = p2
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Conservation of Momentum
•In collisions, momentum is
conserved
•(p1 + p2)b = (p1 + p2)a
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Book Notation of Momentum
(p1 + p2)b = (p1 + p2)a
(pA + pB)1 = (pA + pB)2
pA1 + pB1 = pA2 + pB2
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Book Notation of Momentum
pA1 + pB1 = pA2 + pB2
mAvA1 + mBvB1 =
mAvA2 + mBvB2
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Collision Momentum
mAvA + mBvB =
mAvA’ + mBvB’
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A 200. Mg freight car moving at 2.5 m/s
collides with the same sized car at rest where they remain connected.
Calculate vf:
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A 125 g hockey puck moving at 40.0 m/s is caught in a glove by a 75 kg goalie. Calculate
vf of the goalie.
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A 35 g bullet strikes a 2.5 kg stationary block at 750 m/s. The bullet exits the block at 350 m/s.Calculate vf of the
block.
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A 250 g ball at 4.0 m/s collides head on with a 1.0 kg ball 2.0 m/s. the
250 g ball bounced backwards at 5.0 m/s.
Calculate vf of the other.
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Drill: A 750 g ball at 4.0 m/s collides head on with a
1.0 kg ball 5.0 m/s. The 750 g ball bounced
backwards at 8.0 m/s. Calculate vf of the other.
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A 25 g ball at 40.0 m/s collides head on with a 2.0 kg ball 2.0 m/s. the
25 g ball bounced backwards at 50.0 m/s.
Calculate vf of the other.
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A 250 g ball at 4.0 m/s collides head on with a 2.0 kg ball 5.0 m/s. the
250 g ball bounced backwards at 40.0 m/s.
Calculate vf of the other.
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A 1.0 kg bat swung at 50.0 m/s strikes a 250 g ball thrown at 40.0 m/s.
The bat continues at 10.0 m/s. Calculate vf of
the ball.
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Explosion Momentum• The momentum before the
explosion must = the momentum after the explosion.
• The momentum before the explosion = 0
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Explosion Momentum
•pA = pB
•pB = 0 thus
•pA = 0
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Explosion Momentum
•The summation of all parts after the explosion = 0
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Explosion Momentum
mAvA + mBvB +
etc = 0
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Explosion Momentum with only 2 parts
mAvA + mBvB
= 0
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Explosion Momentum with only 2 parts
mAvA = -mBvB
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A 50.0 kg gun fired a 150 g bullet at
500.0 m/s. Calculate the recoil velocity of the gun.
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Drill: A 500.0 Mg cannon fired a 150 kg
projectile at 1500.0 m/s. Calculate the recoil velocity of the gun.
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A 250 g cart is connected to a 1.5 kg cart. When
disconnected, a compressed spring pushes the smaller cart 4.0 m/s
east. Calculate the velocity of the larger cart.
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A 2.0 kg block is tied to a 1.5 kg block. When untied, a compressed
spring pushes the larger block 6.0 m/s east. block = 0.25 Calculate: vi, a, t, d
for the smaller block
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A 5.0 kg block is tied to a 2.0 kg block. When untied, a compressed
spring pushes the larger block 1.0 m/s east. block = 0.20 Calculate: vi, a, t, d
for the smaller block
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Two Dimensional Collisions
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A 5.0 kg ball moving at 40.0 m/s collides with a
stationary 2.0 kg. The 2.0 kg ball bounced at a 30o
angle from the path at 50.0 m/s. Calculate vf of the
other.
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A 2.0 kg ball is dropped from a 14.7 m high ledge collides with a stationary 10.0 kg ball hanging at a height of 9.8 m.
The 2.0 kg ball bounced straight up at 4.9 m/s.
Calculate vi, vf, & tair of the 10 kg ball.