chapter 9 analog electronic controls -...
TRANSCRIPT
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©ASHRAE 1999 9-1
Chapter 9Analog Electronic Controls
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Control I/O
Analog InputTemperature – 100 ohm, 1000 ohm0-20mA, 4- 20mA, 0 – 10 Vdc,
Digital InputOn/OFFPulse
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Control Output
Analog Output0-20mA, 4- 20mA, 0 – 10 Vdc,
Digital OutputOn/OFFPulse
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Application-SpecificElectronic Controllers
Single-zone unit controllersControl of VAV air handlers and packaged unitsControl of multizone air handlersEconomizer enthalpy controlVAV box controllers
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Types of Actuators
Electronic-electricElectronic-hydraulicElectronic-pneumatic
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Hydraulic Actuator
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Single Zone Unit
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VAV System Control
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Chapter 10Digital Controls
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Basic DDC Loop
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Types of Input/Output Points
Analog inputsBinary (digital) inputsAnalog outputsBinary (digital) outputs
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Small Stand-Alone Panel
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System With DataGathering I/O Panels
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Distributed Intelligence
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Two-Tiered Network
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Types of System Software
Network communications softwarePanel operating systemsApplication softwareUtility softwareOMI software
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Programming Languages
Text-based languagesGraphical programmingLadder logic
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Text-Based Programming100 C*** ECONOMIZER OUTDOOR AIR DAMPER CONTROL105 C*** SHUT DAMPER WHEN FAN IS OFF110 IF (FANDPS.EQ.ON) THEN GOTO 510120 SET (0, OADMPR)130 GOTO 1000500 C*** SHUT OFF ECONOMIZER WHEN OAT >65510 DBSWIT (1, OATEMP, 63, 65, $LOC3)520 IF ($LOC3) THEN GOTO 610530 SET (20, OADMPR)540 GOTO 1000600 C*** OUTDOOR AIR DAMPER, N.C., 0 TO 100%610 LOOP (128, MATEMP, $LOC1, 55, 10, 30, 0, 1, 50.0, 0, 100, 0620 MAX (OADMPR, $LOC1, 20)1000 C*** END OF ECONOMIZER CONTROL
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Graphical Programming
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Ladder Logic Programming
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Question & Answer Template
Response32. Is there heating control? (y/n) Yes33. Type of heating control: (select a, b, c or d) C
a. Two-positionb. Modulating with face and bypass damperc. Modulating without face and bypass damperd. Modulating with common heating and cooling
36. What is the heating output with the fan off? (___%) 0%37. What is the heating setpoint? (___°F) 105°F38. Is there an auxiliary two-position output? (y/n) No
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Typical I/O Schedule
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DDC Control Schematic
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Sequence of OperationOccupied modeUnoccupied modeSetback modeFan alarm modeRoom temperature controlDry bulb economizer controlMixed air low limit controlFan alarmFilter alarmFreeze alarm
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Graphical Programming
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Advantages of DDCIncreased accuracyFlexibilitySophisticated control sequencesEnergy managementTrendingAlarm reportingRemote monitoring and controlPreventative maintenanceLower cost in many applications
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Agenda
IntroductionSystem ArchitectureCommunication ProtocolHow to design a systemQ & A
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IntroductionBMS – Building Management SystemIt is used for Monitoring & Control the followings:
1) HVAC System2) Fire Services System3) Plumbing & Drainage System4) Electrical System, 5) Lighting System
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Others Features
Energy Audit SoftwareData VisualizationTotalizationTime SchedulingEvent ProgramRemote AccessLoading Profile
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BMS Role
Manage occupant comfortAlert operators of facility problemsReduce energy usageProtect facility assets
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Design Background & Intent
Central Control and Monitoring System
Centralize Monitoring and Control system to manage a group of building systemsProvide management features for building systems operation and monitoringProvide reporting features to summary the systems status and alarm reportingReduce manpower or providing better service
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Benefits
Lowers Energy Cost
Lowers Operations Cost
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What it doesConnects to major M&E equipment in the building.Automatic operation for routine and repetitive
functions.Reduced operator training time through on screen
instruction and supporting graphic display.Better management of energy cost through energy
management programs.Better management of facility through historical
records.Improved operation through software and hardware
integration of different subsystems such as fire alarm and access control.
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What Customer Wants BMS to Do
Easy to useEasy to installAble to control the building with minimum manpower and energy without risk of customers’ comfort.Open systems and vendor independence“Web interface”
Don’t make me buy software for each userAble to access remotelyKeep me safe from “hackers”
Current technology
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System Structure
The Metasys DistributedThe Metasys DistributedUser InterfaceUser Interface
TCP/IPTCP/IP
N2N2
BACnetBACnetLONLON
Automation Automation EnginesEngines N2N2
BACnetBACnetLONLON
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Larger System Structure
AlarmPrinter
NAE NAE
PCBrowser
PCBrowser
ADS
Hub/Switch
Router
Router
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Network Controller
Building Automation FunctionsAlarm detection/managementSchedulingTrends ReportTotalizationOptimal start/ stopCustom control applicationsEvent program
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Network ControllerBACnet IP (across the network)BACnet MS/TP (field bus standard)Variety of modelsJava Virtual MachineEmbedded Microsoft OSIP “http, soap, snmp, smtp, sntp…”LON (field bus compatibility) Web Services
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BACnet ControllersField Equipment ControllersTerminal Equipment ControllersInput/Output ModulesFEC and IOM standard panelsVAV Modular AssemblyController Configuration ToolWireless commissioning toolNetwork sensors
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Life Safety & Smoke Control
Smoke Control Engine
TCP/IP
IFC w/ BACnet option
ServerFunctional IntegrationFunctional Integration
Secondary Secondary reportingreporting
Long term Long term event event
storagestorage
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System Control Schematic
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System Control Schematic
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System Control Schematic
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Point Schedule
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Configuration ProcessBinary Inputs
StatusTrip Alarm
Binary OutputsStart / Stop
Open / Close
Analog InputsTemperature
Pressure
Analog OutputsValve Position
Damper Position
DDCController
Panel
Wiring from equipment control panels,sensors and actuators are connect to
DDC Controllers.DDC Controllers provide local stand-alone
control to maintain environment
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Configuration ProcessBinary Inputs
StatusTrip Alarm
Binary OutputsStart / Stop
Open / Close
Analog InputsTemperature
Pressure
Analog OutputsValve Position
Damper Position
DDCController
Panel
Controllers are networkedwith subsystems to NAE.NAE provides supervisorycontrol and management
features.
TEC
ComputerisedSubsystemsChiller PanelFire Alarm
NetworkController
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Configuration Process
Binary InputsStatus
Trip Alarm
Binary OutputsStart / Stop
Open / Close
Analog InputsTemperature
Pressure
Analog OutputsValve Position
Damper Position
DDCController
Panel
NAEs and PCsare on a LAN.PCs provideGUI and data
archiving.
TEC
ComputerisedSubsystemsChiller PanelFire Alarm
NetworkController
NetworkController
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Questions?Q & A