chapter 8 the dynamic planet
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Chapter 8 The Dynamic Planet. Elemental Geosystems 5e. Robert W. Christopherson Charles E. Thomsen. The Dynamic Planet. The Pace of Change Earth’s Structure and Internal Energy The Geologic Cycle Plate Tectonics . The Pace of Change . Geologic Time Scale Uniformitarianism. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 8 The Dynamic Planet
Elemental Geosystems 5e
Robert W. ChristophersonCharles E. Thomsen
The Dynamic Planet
The Pace of Change
Earth’s Structure and Internal Energy
The Geologic Cycle
Plate Tectonics
The Pace of Change Geologic Time Scale
Uniformitarianism
Geologic Time Scale
Figure 8.1
Earth’s Structure and Internal Energy
Earth in Cross SectionEarth’s core
Earth’s magnetism
Earth’s mantle
Lithosphere and crust
Earth in Cross Section
Figure 8.2
Earth’s Interior
Figure 8.2
Earth’s Interior
Figure 8.2
Figure 8.2
Earth’s Interior
Core to Crust
Figure 8.3
Isostatic Adjustment
Figure 8.4
The Geologic CycleThe Rock Cycle
Igneous processes
Sedimentary processes
Metamorphic processes
The Geologic Cycle
Figure 8.5
Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
By definition a mineral is/hasNaturally occurring
Inorganic solid
Ordered internal molecular structure
Definite chemical composition
RockA solid aggregate of minerals
Cubic Crystals of Pyrite
Figure 1.7 A
Elemental Abundances in Continental Crust
Figure 1.14
Mineral Groups
SilicatesMost important mineral group
Comprise most rock-forming mineralsVery abundant due to large % of silicon and
oxygen in Earth’s crust
Silicon-oxygen tetrahedronFundamental building blockFour oxygen ions surrounding a much
smaller silicon ion
Table 1.1
Quartz (SiO2) Exhibits a Variety of Colors
The Rock Cycle
Figure 8.6
Igneous Rock Types
Figure 8.7
Intrusive and Extrusive Rocks
Figure 8.8
Course-Grained Igneous Texture
Figure 2.4 B
Sedimentary Rock Types
Figure 8.9
Metamorphic Rocks
Figure 8.12
Plate Tectonics A Brief History Sea-Floor Spreading and Production of New Crust Subduction of the Crust The Formation and Breakup of Pangaea Plate Boundaries Earthquake and Volcanic Activity Hot Spots
Crustal Movements
Figure 8.13
Continents Adrift
Figure 8.15
Magnetic Reversals
Figure 8.14
Ocean Floor
Figure 8.17
Earth’s Major Plates
Figure 8.16
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Figure 8.18
Hot Spot Tracks
Figure 8.19
End of Chapter 8
Elemental Geosystems 5e
Robert W. ChristophersonCharles E. Thomsen