chapter 8 sec. 4 ideas for reform. the new york charity organization society tried to turn charity...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 8 sec. 4Chapter 8 sec. 4
Ideas for Reform
Ideas for Reform
The New York Charity
Organization Society
The New York Charity
Organization Society
•Tried to turn Charity into a scientific enterprise
•Tried to turn Charity into a scientific enterprise
The Social GospelThe Social Gospel
•A movement that sought to apply the teachings of Jesus directly to society.
•The real beginning of the “What would Jesus do?” (WWJD) movement.
•A movement that sought to apply the teachings of Jesus directly to society.
•The real beginning of the “What would Jesus do?” (WWJD) movement.
Settlement HousesSettlement Houses•Young reformers settled in a house in the midst of a poor neighborhood and formed a community center and offered social services.
•Jane Addams & Ellen Gates Starr founded the most famous settlement house, the Hull House in Chicago.
•Young reformers settled in a house in the midst of a poor neighborhood and formed a community center and offered social services.
•Jane Addams & Ellen Gates Starr founded the most famous settlement house, the Hull House in Chicago.
SociologySociology•Was the scientific counterpart to the settlement houses’ practical experience.
•Studied cultures around the world to learn what institutions and practices define a society.
•Studies social or group behavior.
•Was the scientific counterpart to the settlement houses’ practical experience.
•Studied cultures around the world to learn what institutions and practices define a society.
•Studies social or group behavior.
NativismNativism•The policy or attitude of favoring native-born Americans over immigrants.
•Many Americans blamed the “new immigrants” for the problems in the cities.
•Nativism began to reappear in the 1880s partially because of the rise of immigrants to positions of power in the cities.
•The policy or attitude of favoring native-born Americans over immigrants.
•Many Americans blamed the “new immigrants” for the problems in the cities.
•Nativism began to reappear in the 1880s partially because of the rise of immigrants to positions of power in the cities.
American Protective Association
American Protective Association
• Nativist group founded in 1887, targeted immigrants as well as the Catholic Church.
• Called for the teaching of only American culture and the English language in schools.
• Demanded tighter rules on citizenship and employment of aliens.
• Members took an oath to hire and vote only for Protestants.
• Nativist group founded in 1887, targeted immigrants as well as the Catholic Church.
• Called for the teaching of only American culture and the English language in schools.
• Demanded tighter rules on citizenship and employment of aliens.
• Members took an oath to hire and vote only for Protestants.
More on NativismMore on Nativism• In 1885, Congress repealed the Contract Labor Act which had allowed employers to recruit foreign laborers.
• When employers brought in foreigners to replace striking workers it increased nativist feelings among laborers.
• Southern and eastern Europeans were more likely victims of nativism than other European immigrants.
• They tended to be victims of nativist attitudes because they were more often Catholic or Jewish.
• In 1885, Congress repealed the Contract Labor Act which had allowed employers to recruit foreign laborers.
• When employers brought in foreigners to replace striking workers it increased nativist feelings among laborers.
• Southern and eastern Europeans were more likely victims of nativism than other European immigrants.
• They tended to be victims of nativist attitudes because they were more often Catholic or Jewish.
The Temperance MovementThe Temperance Movement
• An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption.
• Supported prohibition or a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
• Also opposed drinking because they saw links between saloons, immigrants, and political bosses.
• An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption.
• Supported prohibition or a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
• Also opposed drinking because they saw links between saloons, immigrants, and political bosses.
Vice and “Purity crusades”Vice and “Purity crusades”• Drugs, gambling, and prostitution were forms of Vice.
• Large cities made vice more profitable.
• “Purity Crusades” were efforts to suppress vice in cities.
• The Comstock Law prohibited sending obscene materials through the U.S. mail.
• Birth control methods were considered obscene under the Comstock law.
• By campaigning on an anti-vice platform a coalition of purity crusaders and other reformers were sometimes able to get machine candidates out of office.
• Drugs, gambling, and prostitution were forms of Vice.
• Large cities made vice more profitable.
• “Purity Crusades” were efforts to suppress vice in cities.
• The Comstock Law prohibited sending obscene materials through the U.S. mail.
• Birth control methods were considered obscene under the Comstock law.
• By campaigning on an anti-vice platform a coalition of purity crusaders and other reformers were sometimes able to get machine candidates out of office.