chapter 8 operating systems and utility programs459
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 8
Operating Systems
and UtilityPrograms
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Describe the two types ofsoftware
Understand the startup processfor a personal computer
Describe the term user interface
Explain features common tomost operating systems
Know the difference betweenstand-alone operating systemsand network operating systems
Identify various stand-aloneoperating systems
Identify various networkoperating systems
Recognize devices that useembedded operating systems
Discuss the purpose of thefollowing utilities: file viewer,file compression, diagnostic,
uninstaller, disk scanner, diskdefragmenter, backup, and
screen saver
Chapter 8 Objectives
Next
p.8.2
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System Software
What is software?
The series of computer-language codedinstructions that tells the computer how toperform tasks
Two types ofsoftware
p.8.2
Next
applicationsoftware
systemsoftware
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System Software
What is system software? Consists of the
programs thatcontrol theoperations of thecomputer and its
devices Serves as the
interface betweenthe user, theapplication
software, and thecomputer'shardware
Two types areoperating
systems andutility programsp.8.2
Next
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OperatingOperating
SystemSystem
Operating Systems
What is an operating system (OS)? A set of programs
containinginstructions thatcoordinate all the
activities amongcomputer hardwareresources
Required for acomputer to work
Sometimes calledthe softwareplatform or platform
p.8.3
Next
Click to
view
animation
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OperatingOperating
SystemSystem
manageprograms
Operating Systems
What are the functions of an operating system?
p.8.3 Fig. 8-1
Next
start up thecomputer
administersecurity
control a
network
monitorperformance and
providehousekeeping
services
access theWeb
schedule jobsand configure
devices
provide userinterface
managememory
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Operating Systems
Where is the operating system located? Resides on computers
hard disk in most cases May reside on a ROM
chip on handheld
computers
p.8.3
Next
various operating systemsoften are not compatible
with each other
same types ofcomputers may have
different operatingsystems
different sizes ofcomputers typically
use differentoperating systems
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Operating Systems
What is a cross-platform application?
p.8.4 Fig. 8-2
Next
runs onWindows 98
andWindows NT
One that runs identically on multiple operating systems
Often has multiple versions, each corresponding to adifferent operating system
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is booting?
The process of starting or restarting a computer
p.8. 4
Next
cold boot
Process of turning on acomputer after it has been
powered off completelywarm boot
Process of restarting a
computer that is alreadypowered on
Also called a warm start
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memory resident
Instructions remainin memory while thecomputer is running
The kernel ismemory resident
Operating System
FunctionsWhat is the kernel?
The core of an operatingsystem Manages memory and devices
Maintains the computers clocks
Starts applications Assigns the computers resources,
such as devices, programs, data,and information
Each time you boot a computer,
the kernel and other frequentlyused operating systeminstructions are loaded Loading a file means the file is
copied from the hard disk to the
computer's memoryp.8. 4
Next
nonresident
Instructions remain on
the hard disk untilthey are needed
Other parts of theoperating system arenonresident
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat messages display on the screen when you
boot the computer?
p.8.4 Fig. 8-3
Next
sound card andCD-ROM driversloaded
message
devices detectedand tested
total amount of
memory
BIOS version andcopyright notice
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Step 1: The powersupply sends asignal tocomponents in thesystem unit.
Step 1
Step 2: Theprocessor looksfor the BIOS.
processor
BIOS
Step 2
BIOSbasic input/output
system
Firmware that containsthe computer's startup
instructions
Operating System
FunctionsHow does
a personalcomputerboot up?
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
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processor
BIOS
CD-ROM drive
Step 3
Operating System
FunctionsStep 3: The BIOSperforms the POST,which checkscomponents suchas the mouse,keyboard
connectors, andexpansion cards.
POSTpower-on self test
expansion cards
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
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Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 4: The results
of the POST arecompared with datain the CMOS chip.
processor
BIOS
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
Step 4
CMOS chip
Stores configurationinformation about the
computer
Also detects newdevices connected to
the computer expansion cards
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Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 5: The BIOSlooks for the systemfiles in drive A(floppy disk drive)and then drive C(hard disk).
processor
BIOS
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
floppy disk drive
Step 5
expansion cards
system files
Specific operatingsystem files loaded
during start up
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Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 6: The boot
program loads thekernel of theoperating systeminto RAM fromstorage (hard disk).
The operatingsystem in memorytakes control of thecomputer.
processor
BIOS
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
(RAM)memorymodules
CMOS
floppy disk drive
Step 6
expansion cards
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Step 7
Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 7: The operating system
loads configuration informationand displays the desktop on thescreen.
The operating system executesprograms in the StartUp folder.
registry
Several files that containthe system configuration
information
Registry is constantlyaccessed during thecomputer's operation
StartUp folder
Contains a list of programsthat open automatically
when you boot thecomputer
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is a boot drive?
The drive from which yourpersonal computer boots(starts)
In most cases, drive C(the hard disk) is the bootdrive
p.8.6 Fig. 8-5
Next
O S
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Step 1: Click the Start
button on the taskbar,point to Programs on theStart menu, point toAccessories on thePrograms submenu, pointto System Tools on the
Accessories submenu,and then point to Backup.
Operating System
FunctionsWhat is an emergency repair disk?
p.8.6 Fig. 8-5
Next
Step 2: Click Backup onthe System Toolssubmenu to open theBackup window. Point tothe Emergency RepairDisk button. Emergency
Repair Disk
button
EmergencyRepair Disk
button
Step 3: Click the
Emergency Repair Diskbutton to create theemergency repair disk.Follow the on-screeninstructions.
A floppy disk, Zip disk, or CD-ROM that contains systemfiles that will start the computer
Used when a hard disk becomes damaged and thecomputer cannot boot
Also called a boot diskor a rescue disk
To create a boot disk:
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Allows you to typekeywords or pressspecial keys on thekeyboard to enterdata andinstructions
Set of commandsyou use to interactwith the computer
is called thecommand language
command-line interface
commands
entered byuser
commands
entered byuser
graphical user interface (GUI)
Allows you to usemenus and visualimages to issuecommands
Controls how you enter data and instructions and howinformation displays on the screen
Operating System
FunctionsWhat is a user interface?
p.8.7 Fig. 8-6
Next
Click to
view animation
O i S
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat are features of a graphical user interface? Menu: a set of
commands fromwhich you canchoose
Icon: a small
image thatrepresents aprogram, aninstruction, afile, or someother object
Web pages canbe delivered orpushedautomaticallyto your screen
p.8.8 Fig. 8-7
Next
iconsfunction as
Web links
iconsfunction as
Web links
Web pagespushed ontothe desktop
Web pagespushed ontothe desktop
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Operating System
FunctionsHow does an operating system manage programs?
Operating systems vary incapabilities
Number of users
Number of programsrunning at the same time
Number of processors
Management of programs
directly affects userproductivity
p.8.8
Next
single user/single taskingoperating system
Allows only one user torun one program at a time
Early systems were singleuser
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is multitasking? Allows a single user to work on two or more applications that
reside in memory at the same time
p.8.9 Fig. 8-8
Next
The foregroundcontains the
activeapplication: theone you currentlyare using
The otherprograms that arerunning, but arenot in use, are inthe background
backgroundapplicationslisted on the
toolbar
backgroundapplicationslisted on the
toolbar
foregroundapplication
foregroundapplication
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Operating System
Functions
p.8.9
Next
multiuser
Operating system enables twoor more users to run a
program simultaneously
multiprocessing
Operating system can supporttwo or more processors running
programs at the same time
fault-tolerant computerContinues to operate even if one of its
components fails
Computer has duplicate componentssuch as processors, memory, and
disk drives
What are other program managementfeatures of operating systems?
Click to
view
animation
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clears items frommemory when the
processor no longerrequires them
monitors thecontents of memory
Operating System
Functions
What is memory management? Optimizes the use of random access memory (RAM)
p.8.10
Next
allocates, or assigns, dataand instructions to anarea of memory while
they are being processed
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RAM(physicalmemory)
disk(virtual
memory)
page swapped out
RAM(physicalmemory)
disk(virtual
memory)
Step 1: Operating
system transfersleast recently useddata and programinstructions to diskbecause memory is
needed for otherfunctions.page swapped in
page swapped out
RAM(physicalmemory)
disk(virtual
memory)
Step 2: Operating
system transfersdata and programinstructions fromdisk to memorywhen they are
needed.
Operating System
FunctionsWhat is virtual memory (VM) management?
The operatingsystem allocates aportion of astorage medium,
usually the harddisk, to functionas additional RAM
p.8.10 Fig. 8-9
Next
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat are some virtual memory terms?
p.8.10
Next
swap file
The area of thehard disk used
for virtualmemory
paging
The technique ofswapping items
between memoryand storage
thrashing
When an operating
system spends muchof its time paging,
instead of executingapplication software
page
The amount ofdata and programinstructions that
can swap at agiven time
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job
An operation theprocessor manages
Operating System
FunctionsHow does an operating system schedule jobs? Adjusts the schedule of jobs based on their priority
A buffer is an area of memory or storage in whichitems are placed while waiting to be transferred to orfrom an input or output device
p.8.10
Nextprocessinginstructions
sendinginformation to
an output
device
transferring itemsfrom storage to
memory and frommemory to storage
receivingdata from an
input device
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server
print jobprint spoolerprint queue
server
jobsto be
printeddisk
print jobprint spoolerprint queueprint queue print spooler print job
jobsto be
printed
jobsbeing
printedserver laser printerdisk
Print jobs are sent to a buffer instead of sending themimmediately to the printer
Multiple print jobs line up in a queue within the buffer A program,
called a printspooler,interceptsprint jobsfrom the
operatingsystem andplaces themin the queue
Operating System
FunctionsWhat is spooling?
p.8.11 Fig. 8-10
Next
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Operating System
Functions
What is a device driver?
p.8.11
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Device Drivers
device driver
A small program that tells the operating system howto communicate with a device
Also called a driver
Each device on a computer requires itsown specific driver
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Step 1: Open theControl Panelwindow. Point to theAdd/RemoveHardware icon. Add/Remove
Hardware icon
Add/Remove
Hardware icon
Step 2: Start theAdd/Remove HardwareWizard by double-clicking theAdd/Remove Hardwareicon. Follow the on-screen instructions.
Step 3: TheAdd/Remove Hardware
Wizard searches forPlug and Play deviceson your system. If itfinds any suchdevices, it installsthem.
Step 4: If theAdd/Remove HardwareWizard cannot find anyPlug and Play devices,you can select the typeof device you want to
install.
devicetype
selected
devicetype
selected
Operating System
FunctionsHow do you install a device driver?
p.8.12 Fig. 8-11
Next
Step 5: Next you selectthe manufacturer andmodel you want toinstall. You may berequested to insert thefloppy disk, CD-ROM, or
DVD-ROM that containsnecessary driver files tocomplete the installationof the device.
manufacturerselected
manufacturerselected
modelselectedmodelselected
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is Plug and Play? The computer can recognize a new device and assist
you in its installation by loading the necessary driversautomatically and checking for conflicts with otherdevices
Supported by mostdevices and operatingsystems today
p.8. 13
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Plug and Play
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is an interrupt request (IRQ)? A communications line between a device and the
processor
Most computers have 16 IRQs, numbered 0 through 15
p.8. 13Fig. 8-12
Next
IRQs areassignedduringinstallation
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Operating System
Functions
How does the operating system help accessthe Web? Typically
provides a
means toestablish Webconnections
Some include a
Web browserand an e-mailprogram
p.8.13 Fig. 8-13
Next
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Operating System
FunctionsHow does an operating system monitorperformance? Provides a program, called a performance monitor, that
assesses and reports information about various systemresources
anddevices
p.8.14 Fig. 8-14
Next
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Operating System
FunctionsHow does an operating system manage
files? Contains a program called a file manager
Performsfunctions
related tostorage andfilemanagement
p.8.14 Fig. 8-15
Next
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organizing,copying, renaming,deleting, moving,and sorting files
Operating System
Functions
p.8.15
Next
displaying alist of files on a
storagemedium
checking theamount of usedor free space on
a storagemedium
formatting andcopying disks
creating shortcuts:an icon on the
desktop that runs a
program when youclick it
What are some file manager functions?
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Operating System
Functions
What is formatting? The process of
preparing a disk forreading and writing
Most floppy and harddisk manufacturerspreformat their disks
Various operating
systems format disksdifferently
p.8. 15
Next
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat is a file allocation table (FAT)? A table of information
that the operatingsystem uses to locatefiles on a disk
Defined during theformatting process
Lists all files, filetypes, and locations
Reformatting a diskusually erases onlythe file allocationtable and leaves theactual files on the disk
p.8. 15
Next
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Operating System
Functions
What is a network operating system? An operating system that supports a network
Also called a network OS or NOS
p.8.15 Fig. 8-16
Next
A network is a
collection ofcomputers anddevicesconnectedtogether viacommunicationsmedia anddevices
server controls accesslaserprinter
client client client
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Operating System
FunctionsWhat are features of a network operatingsystem? The server is the computer that controls access to the
network and provides a centralized storage area
The other computers on the network are called clients
p.8.15 Fig. 8-16
Next
Organizes andcoordinates how
multiple usersaccess and
share resourceson the network
Resources include
programs, files, anddevices such as
printers and drives
Network administratoruses the network OS toadd and remove users,computers, and other
devices to and from the
network
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Operating System
FunctionsHow do operating systems administersecurity? Most multiuser operating systems allow each user to
log on
p.8.16 Fig. 8-17
log on
Process ofentering a user
name and apassword
user name
A unique combinationof characters that
identifies one specificuser
Also called a user ID
password
A combination of characters
associated with the username that allows access tocertain computer resources
Next
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Operating System
FunctionsHow does a network administrator use thenetwork OS? To establish
permissions toresources
To define who canaccess certainresources
To define when they
can access thoseresources To assign passwords to
files and commands torestrict access to only
authorized usersp.8. 16
Next
Active Directory (AD)
A feature of Windows 2000Server that allows network
administrators to manage allnetwork information includingusers, devices, settings, andconnections from a central
environment
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device-independent
Run on manymanufacturers
computers
device-dependent
One that runs only ona specific type of
computerproprietary software
Privately owned andlimited to a specificvendor or computer
model upward-compatible
Written for an earlierversion of the operating
system, but also runs withthe new version
Types of Operating
SystemsWhat are some characteristics of operating
systems?
p.8.17
Next
downward-compatible
Recognizes and workswith application softwarewritten for an earlier
version of the operatingsystem
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Types of Operating
SystemsWhat are three
categories ofoperatingsystems?
p.8.17 Fig. 8-18
Next
Stand-Alone Operating
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Stand-Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is a stand-alone operating system? A complete
operating systemthat works on adesktop or
notebookcomputer Some, called client
operatingsystems, also
work inconjunction with anetwork operatingsystem
p.8.17
Next
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commandsentered by
user
commands
entered byuser
Stand-Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is DOS (Disk Operating System)? Refers to several single user operating systems
developed in the early 1980s for personal computers
Two more widely used versions were PC-DOS and MS-DOS, both developed by Microsoft
p.8.17
Next
Used acommand lineinterface andadded a menu-
driven interfacein later versions
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Windows 95A true multitaskingoperating systemwith downwardcompatibility for
DOS and Windows3.x
Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is Windows? Developed by Microsoft to meet the need
for an operating system that had a GUI
p.8.18
Next
Click to view
Web Link
then click
Windows
Windows 3.x
Refers to three earlyversions of MicrosoftWindows that were
operating environmentswith DOS
An operating environmentis a GUI that works incombination with anoperating system to
simplify its use
Windows NTWorkstation
A client operatingsystem that could
connect to aWindows NT server
Used a Windows 95interface
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Support for theUniversal Serial
Bus (USB)
Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat are features of Windows 98? Upgrade to Windows 95
More integrated with theInternet than Windows 95
Included Internet Explorer, apopular Web browser
The file manager, WindowsExplorer, had a Web browserlook and feel
An Active Desktop interface
allowing icons and file namesto work similar to Web links
p.8.18
Next
Support for
multimediatechnologies suchas DVD and Web
TV
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Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is Windows 2000 Professional? Upgrade to the
Windows NTWorkstationoperating
system Complete
multitaskingclient operating
system that hasa GUI
p.8.18 Fig. 8-19
Next
Click to
view video
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FAT32
Registry Checker
Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat are features of most Windows
operating systems?
p.8.18
Next
ActiveDesktop
Taskbar/toolbarsWindows
Explorer has aWeb browserlook and feel
Increased speed
Tune-Up Wizard
UniversalSerial Bus
Update Wizard
Multiple displaysupport
Hardwaresupport
Accessibility Settings
Wizard
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Stand Alone Operating
Systems
An operatingsystem that has
featuresspecifically forthe home user
Also calledWindows Me
Includesmultimediafeatures
p.8.20 Fig. 8-21
Next
What is Windows MillenniumEdition (Me)?
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Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is Mac OS? A multitasking operating system available only for
computers manufactured by Apple
p.8.21 Fig. 8-22
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Mac OS
ApplesMacintosh
operating systemwas the firstcommerciallysuccessful GUI
Mac OS is thecurrent version
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Stand Alone Operating
SystemsWhat is OS/2 Warp? IBMs GUI multitasking client operating system
p.8.22 Fig. 8-23
Next
Supportsnetworking, theInternet, Java,
and speechrecognition Runs programs
writtenspecifically for
OS/2, as well asmost programswritten for DOSand Windows
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Company on the Cutting
Edge
Apple Computer, Inc. Formed by Steven Jobs
and Stephen Wozniak in1976
Began with the Apple I
circuit board developed inJobs garage
The Apple II product linegenerated more than $1billion in annual sales from1977 until 1993
The current high-performance PowerMacintosh line wasintroduced in 1994,followed by the iBook, the
PowerMac G4, and the MacOS X
p.8.21
Next
Click to view
Web Link
then click
Apple
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Network Operating
SystemsWhat is a network operating system?
An operatingsystem thatsupports anetwork
Typicallyresides on aserver
Client
computers onthe network relyon the server(s)for resources
p.8.22
Next
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Network Operating
Systems
What is Novells Netware? A widely used network
operating system designedfor client/server networks
Has a server portion thatresides on the networkserver and a client portionthat resides on each client
computer connected to thenetwork
p.8.22
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Novell
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Network Operating
SystemsWhat is Windows 2000 Server?
Family of three products Windows 2000 Server: operating
system for the typical businessnetwork
Windows 2000 Advanced Server:designed for e-commerceapplications
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server:best for demanding, large-scale
applications such as datawarehousing
p.8.22
Next
Windows NT serverOlder version developed
as an operating system forclient/server networks
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Network Operating
Systems
p.8.23
Next
What is OS/2 Warp Server for E-business? IBMs network
operating system
Designed for all sizes
of business Includes Netscape as
its Web browser ande-mail program
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Network Operating
Systems
What is UNIX? A multitasking operating system developed in the early
1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories Lacks interoperability across multiple platforms
p.8.23 Fig. 8-24
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click UNIX
Several versions
exist, eachslightly different
Command-lineinterface
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Network Operating
SystemsWhat is Linux? A popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system
p.8.24 Fig. 8-25
Next
Also includes manyprogramming
languages Open-source
software
Code is available
to the public Some versions are
command-line andothers are GUI
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g
Edge
Operating system created by LinusTorvalds
A free program offered as alternative toMicrosoft Windows and Apple Mac OS
Linux GNU General Public License
allows anyone to obtain and modify thesource code and then redistribute therevised product
A large, friendly community of usersdistribute the operating system andprovide an extensive number of usergroups, mailing lists, newsletters, andforums
p.8.24
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Linux
Technology Trailblazer
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gy
Linus Torvalds
Creator and lead technicaldeveloper of the freeoperating system Linux
A native of Finland Credits the high level of
technology and superioreducational system ofFinland for giving him the
advantages of being ableto concentrate on hisbrainstorm instead ofworrying about economicissues
p.8.25
Next
Click to
view Web Link
then click
Linus Torvalds
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p g
SystemsWhat is Solaris?
A version of UNIX
Developed by Sun Microsystems
A network operating system designedspecifically for e-commerce applications
Can manage high-traffic accounts Incorporates security necessary for Web
transactions
Client computers use a version called CDE(Common Desktop Environment)
p.8.25
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p g
SystemsWhat is an embedded operating system?
The operatingsystem on mosthandheld
computers andsmall devices
Resides on aROM chip
p.8. 25
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Windows CE
PocketPC OS
Palm OS
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Incorporates manyelements of theWindows GUI
Supports color,sound, multitasking,e-mail, and Internet
capabilities
g
SystemsWhat is Windows CE? A scaled down Windows operating system designed
for use on wireless communications devices andsmaller computers
Handheld computers
In-vehicle devices Web-enabled devices
p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26
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Provides for scaled-downversions of applications
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SystemsWhat is an Auto PC? A device mounted onto a vehicles dashboard that is powered
by Windows CE Directed through voice commands Provides information to the driver such as driving directions,
traffic conditions, weather, and stock quotes, and allows the
driver to access and listen to e-mail Acts as a radio or an audio CD Shares
informationwith a
handheld ornotebookcomputer
p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26
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SystemsWhat is Pocket PC OS? A scaled-down operating
system developed byMicrosoft
Works on a specific type ofhandheld computer, called a
Pocket PC Allows access to all the basic
PIM functions Provides Web access Supports handwriting
recognition Allows document creation
p.8. 26 Fig. 8-27
Next
Click to
view video
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SystemsWhat is Palm OS?
Used in handheldcomputers
Palm from Palm, Inc.
Visor from Handspring
Manages data andsynchronizes thisinformation with adesktop computer
Some access the Internet
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utility suites
Combine several utilityprograms into a single
package
What is a utility program? A type of system
software that performsa specific task
Usually related to
managing a computer,its devices, or itsprograms
Also called a utility
Most operating systemsinclude several utilityprograms
You can also buy stand-alone utilities
p.8.27
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McAfee and Norton offerutility suites and Web-based utility services
Web-based utility service
You pay an annual fee thatallows you to access and
use a vendors utility
programs on the Web
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What is a file viewer? Allows you to display and copy the contents of a file Windows Explorer has a viewer called Imaging Preview
p.8.27 Fig. 8-28
Next Imaging Preview
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What is a file compression utility? Shrinks the size of a file Compressed files
Take up lessstorage space thanthe original files
Sometimes calledzipped files
Usually have a .zipextension
You must uncompress
a compressed file touse it
Two popular utilitiesare PKZIP andWinZip
p.8.28 Fig. 8-29
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compressed
filecompressed
file
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What is a diagnostic
utility? Compiles technical
information about yourcomputer's hardware
and certain systemsoftware programs Prepares a report
outlining any identifiedproblems
Windows includes theutility Dr. Watson
p.8.28 Fig. 8-30
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What is an uninstaller?
Removes an application, as well as any associatedentries in the system files
p.8.29 Fig. 8-31
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When an applicationis installed, theoperating systemrecords informationit uses to run thesoftware in the
system files The uninstaller
removes thisinformation
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What is a disk scanner? Detects and corrects
both physical and logicalproblems on a hard diskor floppy disk
A physical problem isone with the media
A logical problem isone with the data
Searches for andremoves unnecessaryfiles
Windows includes twodisk scanners
p.8.29 Fig. 8-32
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fragmented file
The contents are scatteredacross two or more
noncontiguoussectors of a disk
fragmenteddisk
file 1 beforedefragmenting
disk afterdefragmentation
process
file 1 afterdefragmenting
What is a disk defragmenter?
A utility that reorganizes the filesand unused space on acomputer's hard disk
Allows the operating system to
access data morequickly andprograms to runfaster
p.8.30 Fig. 8-33
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Defragmenting thedisk reorganizes itso the files arestored incontiguous sectors
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What is a backup utility? Allows you to copy, or backup, selected files on your
entire hard disk onto another disk or tape Backup utility monitors progress of the backup process
p.8.30 Fig. 8-34
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Many will compress
files during theprocess
A restore programreverses the
process and returnsbacked up files totheir original forms
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What is a screen saver?
p.8.31 Fig. 8-35
Next
Click to
view video
Causes a monitor's screento display a moving imageor blank screen if nokeyboard or mouse activityoccurs for a specified time
period Developed to prevent
ghosting, in which imagescould be permanentlyetched on a monitors
screen; no longer aproblem for modernmonitors
Popular for security, business,or entertainment purposes
Technology Trailblazer
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Phillip Katz Developed PKZIP, a
data compressionutility
His innovative PKZIP
shareware corneredthe datacompression market
PKWARE has steadyannual sales of $5million
p.8.29
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Phillip Katz
Summary of OperatingS t d Utilit
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Systems and Utility
Programs
System software Operating systems Operating system functions
Types of operating systems Stand-alone operating systems Network operating systems Embedded operating systems Utility programs
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Chapter 8 Complete