chapter 8: objectives explain how to use a server in a home or office network install a server set...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 8: Objectives Explain how to use a server in a
home or office network Install a server Set up a server Manage and monitor a server Design a server-based office network
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Using a Server in an Office Network
A number of advantages More powerful resource sharing with less delays Enables central management of resources Offers strong security for shared resources Brings better organization to users and
resources Manage distributed access of data files and
databases More networking tools available than a
workstation
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Activity 8-2: Starting a Computer’s BIOS Setup Program
Time Required: 15 minutes Objective: Open the BIOS setup program on a
computer. Description: Start the BIOS setup program so
that you know where to set the disk boot priority on a computer. If your computer does not display a key combination for the BIOS setup on the first screens presented, you may have to consult the user's manual. Before starting, save any work and shut down your computer.
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Monitoring Users with the who and finger Commands
who command: monitors who is logged in
Useful options for who command am i for information about your own session whoami to see what account you are using -H to show column headings -u to show idle time for each user -q for a quick list and total of users logged in -b to verify when the system was last booted
finger command: for display of users on a system
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Network Operating Systems
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Functions of the NOS
Provide network communication Manage network resources Control access Provide internetworking Provide management and end-user
utilities
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Provide Network Communication
Network Layer Data Link Layer Peer-to-peer connectivity
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Server-Centric
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Client
3 logins (3 IDs, Passwords)
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Network-Centric
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Client
1 login (1 ID, Password)
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Network-Centric Benefits Easier to manage Easier for end-user Scalable Often logical resource definitions
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Required Services of Network Operating Systems: Traditional vs. Emerging
GOLDMAN: DATACOMM FIG. 07-04
Traditional Requirements
FILE SERVICES
PRINTER SERVICES
Emerging Requirements
APPLICATION SERVICES
DIRECTORY SERVICES
INTEGRATION/MIGRATION SERVICES
Database back-end engines Messaging/communication back-end engines
SUPPORT FOR: 32 bit symmetrical multi-processing Pre-emptive multi-tasking Applications run in protected memory mode Multithreading
Global directory or naming services All network objects defined in single location and shared by all applications Directory information is stored in replicated, distributed databases for reliability, redundancy, fault tolerance
Allow multiple different client network operating systems to transparently interoperate with multiple, different server network operating systems Provide easy-to-implement paths for upgrades to more recent versions or migration to different network operating systems
All services delivered seamlessly across multiple server platforms regardless of installed network operating system
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Novell NetWare 4.x
Network-centric NetWare Directory Service (NDS)
replaces bindery Object hierarchy Distributed database
Configuration information independent of server
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Netware Directory Services
NetWare 4.x contains a global database called the NetWare Directory Service (NDS).
Users may now view resources that are available from any servers as though they were being presented by a single source.
Services are listed in organized in the database in a hierarchical matter much like the company's organizational chart.
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NDS Containers
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NDS Objects
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NetWare Directory Services
Logical object represent real objects
Each object stored in database Objects organized hierarchically Objects have properties
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Rights Inheritance Another powerful feature of NDS is rights
inheritance. Inheritance means that rights "flow down" to all containers in the NDS tree.
This allows you to grant NDS rights with very few rights assignments. For example, suppose you want to grant management rights to the NDS objects shown below:
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Rights Inheritance
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Rights Inheritance You could make any of the following
assignments: If you grant a user rights to Allentown, the user
can only manage objects in the Allentown container.
If you grant a user rights to East, the user can manage objects in the East, Allentown, and Yorktown containers.
If you grant a user rights to YourCo, the user can manage any objects in any of the containers shown.
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Drive Mapping Client
Network Neighborhood NWCLIENT
AUTOEXEC.BAT Login script Map command
MAP [params] drive: = path ex.: map f: = sys:users MAP MAP /?
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OSI Layers and NT
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Trusted Domains
DomainA
DomainB
DomainA
DomainB
- Single logon - “Assistant” admins - users and groups managed
on trusted - trusting manages resources - splitting users can improve
performance - many configurations
possible
trusting trusted
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Win2000 Version
Standard Edition 4 4G“The mainstream business server”
Advanced Server 8 8G “A more powerful mid-range server”
Data Center Server 16 32G “The most powerful and functional server”
Proc
esso
rsM
emor
y
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Figure 7-17 UNIX, TCP/IP, and NFS as a Network Operating System
GOLDMAN: DATACOMM FIG. 07-17
User Presentation X-Windows
Front-End Client Applications
Network Aware File System NFS
Network Communications Protocols TCP/IP
Operating System UNIX
Hardware
Back-End Server Applications
Network Aware File System NFS
Network Communications Protocols TCP/IP
Operating System UNIX
Hardware
UNIX Client
UNIX Server
TCP/IP
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UNIX File System
The UNIX file system enables support for multiple file systems on the same disk by dividing the disk into multiples slices (partitions).
Each disk has a single root. File systems in both NetWare and
Windows NT follow this model.
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Figure 7-19 UNIX File System
GOLDMAN: DATACOMM FIG. 07-19
bin dev etc user tmp lib
jim susan eric grant
/ (root)
LAN DLAN
Absolute path to file LAN in subdirectory jim: /user/jim/LAN Relative path to the same file if subdirectory jim were the current directory: jim/LAN
link
subdirectory
file
KEY
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Global vs. Domain Directory Services Global directory services (NetWare’s NDS)
organize all network and user resource data into a single hierarchical database. This provides a single point of user and resource management. It may be distributed and replicated; all servers can see all parts of the hierarchy.
Domain directory services (Windows NT Server) see the network as a series of linked subdivisions known as domains. Domain delivery services associate network users and resources with a primary server (PDC); each domain’s directory must be individually established and maintained.