Chapter 8 – Living with Chapter 8 – Living with the Legacies of the Legacies of

Historical Globalization Historical Globalization

Social Studies 10Social Studies 10

Chapter IssueChapter Issue

To what extent have attempts to To what extent have attempts to respond to the legacies of historical respond to the legacies of historical

globalization been effective?globalization been effective?

During this chapter…During this chapter…

►Think about whether or not you think Think about whether or not you think people responded effectivelypeople responded effectively

►Think about whether or not Think about whether or not governments responded effectivelygovernments responded effectively

►Think about the role organizations Think about the role organizations played in responding to historical played in responding to historical globalizationglobalization

►What are the effects of historical What are the effects of historical globalization on the world?globalization on the world?

Today’s ClassToday’s Class

►People’s ResponsePeople’s Response►RwandaRwanda►The FactsThe Facts►Historical OverviewHistorical Overview► Is it a legacy? Is there any positive Is it a legacy? Is there any positive

responses?responses?

The People’s ResponseThe People’s Response

►People are still responding to some People are still responding to some effects of historical globalizationeffects of historical globalization

► It is important to understand that It is important to understand that some responses can be positive and some responses can be positive and some can be negativesome can be negative

Case Study - RwandaCase Study - Rwanda

Case Study - RwandaCase Study - Rwanda

►Who – There are two main indigenous Who – There are two main indigenous groups that occupy the country: groups that occupy the country: ________ ______________________________________ ______________________________

►Approximatly ______________________ Approximatly ______________________ ______________________________________________________________________

The Hutus and the Tutsis The Hutus and the Tutsis

►While the Hutu and Tutsi are often While the Hutu and Tutsi are often considered to be two separate ethnic considered to be two separate ethnic groups, groups, it has been pointed out that they speak the same it has been pointed out that they speak the same

language, have a history of intermarriage, and language, have a history of intermarriage, and share many cultural characteristics. share many cultural characteristics.

► Traditionally, the differences between the Traditionally, the differences between the two ______________________________________.two ______________________________________. Agricultural people were considered Hutu Agricultural people were considered Hutu Cattle-owning elite were identified as Tutsi Cattle-owning elite were identified as Tutsi

Case Study - RwandaCase Study - Rwanda

►What – Political unrest, war, and What – Political unrest, war, and genocidegenocide

►Where – Rwanda is a country in east-Where – Rwanda is a country in east-central Africacentral Africa

►When – The issues spans history as far When – The issues spans history as far back as the late 1800’s and still have back as the late 1800’s and still have influences today. influences today.

WHY?WHY?► To understand why, we need to look at the To understand why, we need to look at the

history of Rwanda.history of Rwanda.► Prior to the Scramble for Africa, Rwanda was Prior to the Scramble for Africa, Rwanda was

occupied by two main indigenious tribes, the occupied by two main indigenious tribes, the Hutus and the TutsisHutus and the Tutsis

► The Scramble for Africa commenced in the The Scramble for Africa commenced in the late 1800’s, this was a time when many late 1800’s, this was a time when many European nations wanted to claim land in European nations wanted to claim land in Africa for their own benefits. Much of this Africa for their own benefits. Much of this land and people who lived there were land and people who lived there were exploited.exploited.

►During the Scramble, Germany picked up the During the Scramble, Germany picked up the area we now identify as Rwanda.area we now identify as Rwanda.

WHY?WHY?► __________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.____________________________.

► This created tension between the two groupsThis created tension between the two groups► After WWI Germany had to give their land After WWI Germany had to give their land

they had acquired in Africa to Belgiumthey had acquired in Africa to Belgium► The Belgians continued the distinction The Belgians continued the distinction

between Hutus and Tutsis, and even created between Hutus and Tutsis, and even created a bigger division by making the people carry a bigger division by making the people carry card to identyify what group they belonged card to identyify what group they belonged to.to.

Rwanda’s StruggleRwanda’s Struggle

► After WWII, most colonies in Africa began to After WWII, most colonies in Africa began to demand their independencedemand their independence

► 1962, Belgium pulled out of Rwanda1962, Belgium pulled out of Rwanda► ____________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________. ___________________________________. ► The battle began and continued to intensify The battle began and continued to intensify

as the majority Hutu government began a as the majority Hutu government began a campaign against Tutsis and any sympathetic campaign against Tutsis and any sympathetic Hutus.Hutus.

► Thus, a civil war.Thus, a civil war.

Peace?Peace?

► In 1993, ____________________________ In 1993, ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________.______________________________.

►The peace agreement required the The peace agreement required the government to share power with other government to share power with other political groups, including the Tutsi led political groups, including the Tutsi led Patriotic FrontPatriotic Front

►This condition angered many HutusThis condition angered many Hutus

April 6, 1994 April 6, 1994

► A plane carrying Rwandan president Juvenal A plane carrying Rwandan president Juvenal Habyarimana was shot downHabyarimana was shot down

► It was not known who was responsible It was not known who was responsible ► The Rwandan government and some Hutu The Rwandan government and some Hutu

militants blamed the Tutsismilitants blamed the Tutsis► ________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________► Radio broadcasts encouraged Hutus civilians Radio broadcasts encouraged Hutus civilians

to take revengeto take revenge► The Militia favored hacking their victims to The Militia favored hacking their victims to

death using machetesdeath using machetes

GenocideGenocide

►The mass killing of human beings, The mass killing of human beings, especially a targeted group of peopleespecially a targeted group of people

►By July 19, 1994, _____________________ By July 19, 1994, _____________________ ___________________________________.___________________________________.

►Tutsis and moderate Hutus tried to Tutsis and moderate Hutus tried to find shelter in churches or in United find shelter in churches or in United Nations buildings, but these people Nations buildings, but these people rarely survivedrarely survived

Is this a legacy of historical Is this a legacy of historical globalization?globalization?

►Tell me what you think, now that we Tell me what you think, now that we have looked at the basic facts that led have looked at the basic facts that led up to the Rwandan Genocideup to the Rwandan Genocide

+ or -+ or -

►From the Case Study of Rwanda, it is From the Case Study of Rwanda, it is obvious to see that the response to a obvious to see that the response to a historical legacy by the people was historical legacy by the people was detrimental to a society’s existence. detrimental to a society’s existence.

►But is there any positive responses?But is there any positive responses?

What’s being done now?What’s being done now?

►Class Activity – Rebuilding Rwandan Class Activity – Rebuilding Rwandan SocietySociety

►Page 192-193Page 192-193►You have You have 1010 minutes minutes►Read the assigned section with a partnerRead the assigned section with a partner►Write down the Write down the 33 most important most important points points

from that sectionfrom that section►We will be discussing you findings as a We will be discussing you findings as a

classclass

What is being done now…What is being done now…

► Rwandan’s now are left trying to rebuild Rwandan’s now are left trying to rebuild their society and reconcile with one anothertheir society and reconcile with one another

► UN played a significant role during the UN played a significant role during the fighting, and now they created International fighting, and now they created International Criminal Tribunal for RwandaCriminal Tribunal for Rwanda

►Gacaca Courts – justice on the grassGacaca Courts – justice on the grass► Rebuilding their economy, farming coffee, Rebuilding their economy, farming coffee,

many farms were rebuiltmany farms were rebuilt► Rwanda has received international supportRwanda has received international support

Ubuntu Edmonton Ubuntu Edmonton

Activity Activity

►On P 191, read the three quotations.On P 191, read the three quotations.►After you have completed this, answer After you have completed this, answer

question 1.question 1.►To answer question 1, it would be best To answer question 1, it would be best

to re-read the quotations once again. to re-read the quotations once again.