chapter 7_fire resistant materials and construction

8/13/2019 Chapter 7_Fire Resistant Materials and Construction

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CHAPTER 7

FIRE RESISTANTMATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 701GENERAL

701.1 Scope.Provisions of this chapter shall govern the fireresistant materials and assemblies used for structural fireresistance and fire resistant separation of adjacent spaces,including construction, opening protectives, penetrations,fireblocking and draftstopping.

701.2 Tests701.2.1Fire resistance requirements of this code are basedon fire resistance ratings. Materials, thicknesses and

assemblies which have successfully performed under testsmade by a recognized laboratory in accordance with therequirements of ASTM E119or based on calculations andaccepted engineering practice as set forth in 709 shall beaccepted by the building official for specific ratings.

Exception:In determining the fire resistance rating ofexterior bearing walls, compliance with the ASTM E119criteria for unexposed surface temperature rise andignition of cotton waste caused by passage of flame orgases is required only for a period of time corresponding to the required fire resistance rating ofanexterior,nonbearing wall with the same horizontal separation

distance, and in a building of the same type of construction. When the fire resistance rating determined inaccordance with this exception exceeds the fire resistance rating determined in accordance with ASTM E119,the fire exposure time period, water pressure andapplication duration criteria for the hose stream test ofASTM E 119 shall be based on the fire resistance rating determined in accordance with this exception.

701.2.2 When insulation or other materials which maychange the capacity for heat dissipation are added to orsubtracted from fire resistant roof or ceiling assemblieswhose fire ratings are listed in this code or listed in reference documents, fire test results or other substantiating

data shall be submitted to the building official to show thatthe required fire resistance time period is not reduced.

701.2.3Thicknesses established by fire tests shall be construed as establishing minimum requirements for fireresistance only, and shall not preclude the application ofother requirements of this code where consideration ofstrength, durability or stability require greater thicknesses.

701.2.4Walls and partitions of nonsymmetrical construction shall be tested with both faces independently exposedto the furnace and the assigned fire resistance rating shallbe the shortest duration obtained from the two tests conducted in conformance with ASTM E 119. Whenapproved by the building official, the wall need not be

FLORIDA BUILDING CODE BUILDING 7.1

subjected to afiretest from both sides provided that satisfactory evidence is furnished to show that the wall wastested with the least fire resistant side exposed to the furnace.

Exception:Exterior walls with a horizontal separationgreater than 5 ft shall be tested based upon interior fireexposure only. (See Note i to Table 600.)

701.2.5Where materials, systems or devices incorporatedinto a fire resistant assembly have not been tested as partoftheassembly, sufficient data shall be made available to

the building official to show that the required fire resistance rating is not reduced. Materials and methods of construction used to protect joints and penetrations in fireresistant building assemblies shall not reduce the requiredfire resistance rating.

701.3 Determining conditions of restraint701.3.1For the purpose of determining the required fireresistance rating of floor and roof assemblies, includingindividual beams, used in steel and concrete construction,such structural elements shall be classifiedasrestrained orunrestrained in accordance with701.3.

701.3.2Floor and roofassembliesand individual beams in

buildings shall be considered restrained when their surrounding or supporting structure is capable of resistingsubstantial thermal expansion throughout the range ofanticipated elevated temperatures. Construction not complying with this definition is assumed to be free to rotateand expand and shall therefore be considered as unrestrained. (See Table 701.3 for guidance in determiningrestrained and unrestrained assemblies.)

701.4 Column fire resistance.Where columns require a fireresistance rating, the entire column, including its connectionsto beams or girders, shall be protected. Where the columnextends through a ceiling, fire resistance of the column shallbe continuous from the top of the floor through the ceilingspace to the underside of the floor or roof deck above.

701.5 Fire resistance references701.5.1To meet the fire resistance requirements of thiscode, it shall be determined that materials, constructionsand assemblies of construction materials have successfully performed under accepted tests as prescribed in 701.2.

701.5.2Appropriate fire resistant materials, constructionsand assemblies of constructions as listed in 709.7 and thefollowing publications may be accepted as if herein listed:

FM Specification Tested Products GuideGA Fire Resistance Design Manual

SBCCI PST & ESI Evaluation Report ListingUL Fire Resistance Directory


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FLORIDA BUILDING CODE BUILDING7.2

TABLE 701.3-701.6.3

TABLE701.3

CONDITIONSOFRESTRAINT

CONSTRUCTION CLASSIFICATION

1. Wall Bearing:

Single Spanandsimply supportedendspansofmultiple bays:

1

(1) Open-web steel joistsorbeams, supporting

concrete slab, precast units,ormetal decking unrestrained(2) Concrete slabs, precast units,ormetal decking unrestrained

Interior spansofmultiple bays:

(1) Open-web steel joists orsteel beams, supportingprecast unitsormetal decking unrestrained

(2) Open-web steel joists, steel beamsormetaldecking, supporting continuous concrete slab restrained

(3) Cast-in-place concrete slab systems restrained(4) Precast concrete wherethe potential thermal

expansion isresistedbyadjacent construction2

restrained

II. Steel Framing:(1) Steel beams welded, riveted,orbolted to the

framing members restrained

(2) Alltypesofcast-in-place floorandroof systems

(suchasbeam-and-slabs, flat slabs, pan joists,and waffle slabs) wheretheflooror roof systemis

securedto theframing members restrained(3) Alltypesof prefabricated floororroof systems where

the structural membersaresecuredto the framingmembersand thepotential thermal expansionofthe

floor orroof system isresistedby the framing systemorthe adjoining floor orroof construction

2restrained

III. Concrete Framing:

(1) Beams securely fastenedto theframing members restrained

(2) Alltypesofcast-in-place floororroof systems (suchas beam-and-slabs, flat slabs, pan joists,and waffleslabs) wherethefloororroof system iscast withthe

framing members restrained

(3) Interiorandexterior spansofprecast systems withcast-in-place joints resultingin restraint equivalentto that which would exist incondition III(1) restrained

(4) Alltypesof prefabricated floororroof systems where

the structural membersaresecuredto such systemsandthepotential thermal expansionofthe flooror

roof systemsisresistedby the framing systemor theadjoining floororroof construction

2restrained

Notes:

1. Floorandroof systems shallbeconsidered restrained when theyare tied into walls withorwithouttiebeams,thewalls being designed anddetailedto

resist thermal thrust from thefloor orroof system.

2. Resistancetopotential thermal expansion isconsideredto beachieved when:

(1) Continuous structural concrete toppingisused,

(2)Thespace betweentheendsof precast unitsorbetween theendsofunitsand thevertical faceofsupportsis filled with concreteormortar,or

(3)Thespace betweentheendsofprecast unitsand thevertical facesofsupports,orbetweentheendsofsolidorhollow core slab units doesnotexceed

0.25%ofthe lengthfornormal weight concrete membersor 0.1%of the length forstructural lightweight concrete members.

701.5.3 Other fire resistance ratingsmay beacceptedbythe building official on evidence of compliance with701.2.

701.6 Exceptionstofireresistance701.6.1 Elevator frames. Structural membersof framesfor elevators will not be required to have thefireresistancerequired forstructural steel, provided such membersareerected within anenclosureof theprescribed fire resistance rating.(See705.2.)

701.6.2 Lintel protection.Lintels over openingsinwallsshall be protected to provideafireresistance rating at least

equaltothat requiredforbeams, except thatfireresistancemaybeomitted from thebottom flange of lintels, shelfangles and platesnot apartofthestructural frameorwitha spanof6ft(1829 mm)orless.

701.6.3 Unusable space.The following shall be permittedin 1-hour fire resistant floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling construction:

1. Omissionoftheceiling over unusable crawl space.2.Omission of the flooring if unusable attic space

occurs above,and theceiling has been shown toprovidea 1-hourfireresistance.


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FLORIDA BUILDING CODE BUILDING

SECTION 702DEFINITIONS

For definitions, see Chapter 2.

SECTION 703MATERIALS FOR FIRE RESISTANCE

703.1 Scope. Materials prescribed herein for fire resistanceshall conform with the requirements of this chapter.

703.2 Brick.Brick shall be laid in Type M, S, N or O mortar.Solid clay and shale brick shall conform to ASTM C 216 orASTM C 62. Hollow clay and shale brick shall conform toASTM C 652. Concrete brick shall conform to ASTM C 55.Sand-lime brick shall conform to ASTM C 73. Ceramicglazed structural facing tile and facing brick shall conform toASTM C 126.

703.3 Clay or shale tile.Hollow clay or shale tile shall belaid in Type M, S, N, O or gypsum mortar. Clay or shale tileused in nonbearing partitions and for fire resistance shallmeet the requirements of ASTM C 56. Clay or shale tile usedin exterior walls and in all loadbearing walls shall complywith the requirements of ASTM C 34 and ASTM C 212.

703.4 Gypsum703.4.1 Poured gypsum used for fire resistance and floorand roof construction shall contain not more than 121/2percent of wood chips, shavings or fiber, measured in adry condition, as a percentage by weight of the dry mix.

Gypsum mortar shall be composed of one part gypsumand not more than three parts clean, sharp, well-gradedsand, by weight.

703.4.2 Fibered plaster may be used where unsanded orneat gypsum plaster is prescribed.

703.4.3All plaster mixes for sanded gypsum plasters shallbe measured by dry weight.

703.4.4When gypsum plaster is used with an aggregate,the proportions shall be as required in 2504.

703.5 Gypsum lath, wallboard and sheathing board

703.5.1 Gypsum lath shall comply with the provisions ofASTM C 37.

703.5.2 Gypsum lath shall be nailed to wood studs orjoists in all constructions requiredtobe fire resistant, withl1/8 inch (29 mm), 13 ga,

19/64 inch (7.5 mm) flat headblued nails at intervals not exceeding 4 inches (102 mm)on centers 5 nails per lath for support of 16 inch (406 mm)lath) or equivalent attachment.

703.5.3 Gypsum wallboard shall comply with the provisions of ASTM C 36.

703.5.4 Gypsum sheathing board shall comply with the

provisions of ASTM C 79.

703.5.5Gypsum veneer base shall comply with the provisions of ASTM C 588.

703.5.6 Gypsum veneer plaster shall comply with the pro

visions of ASTM C 587.

703.5.7 Exterior gypsum soffit board shall comply withthe provisions of ASTM C 931.

703.5.8 Water resistant gypsum backing board shall comply with the provisions of ASTM C 630.

703.6 Metal or wire lath703.6.1 Metal lath shall comply with the provisions ofASTM C 847. Wherever metal lath or wire lath and plaster are used as required protection against the spread offire, the weight of lath shall be not less than 2.5 lb per sqyd (1.4 kg/m2) when used in vertical position, and not less

than 2.75 lb per sq yd (1.5 kg/m2) when used in horizontal position. Wire lath shall not be lighter than 21/2 meshes per inch, or equivalent.

703.6.2Weight tags shall be left on all metal lath or wirelath until inspected and approved by the building official.

703.6.3Metal lath for ceilings below wood joists in construction which is required to be fire resistant shall beattached with l1/2 inch (38 mm), 11 ga,

7/16 inch (11.1mm) head barbed roofing nails spaced at intervals not toexceed 6 inches (152 mm) on centers, or equivalentattachment.

703.6.4 Welded wire lath shall comply with the provisionsofASTMC933.

703.6.5 Woven wire lath shall comply with ASTM C1032.

703.7 Concrete block.Concrete masonry units used in exterior walls and in all walls or partitions shall comply withASTM C 90 and C 129.

703.8 Vermiculite.Vermiculite, when used as an aggregatewith plaster, shall conform in particle size to ASTM C 35.The weight of vermiculite shall be not less than 6 pcf (96

kg/m3) nor more than 10 pcf (160 kg/m3) as determined bymeasurement in a cubic-foot box, using the shoveling procedure as outlined in ASTM C 29.

703.9 Perlite.Perlite, when used as an aggregate with plaster, shall conform in particle size to ASTM C 35. The weightof perlite shall be not less than 71/2pcf (120 kg/m

3) nor morethan 15 pcf (240 kg/m3), as determined by measurement in acubic-foot box, using the shoveling procedure as outlined inASTM C 29.

703.10 Glass block.Glass block shall be labeled to conformto NFPA 257 or UL 9.

7.3

702-703.10


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704-704.1.3.3.2

SECTION 704FIRE RESISTANT SEPARATIONS

704.1 Occupancy separation requirements704.1.1The minimum fire resistance of construction sep

arating any two occupancies in a building of mixed occupancy shall be the higher rating required for the occupancies being separated, as specified in Table704.1.

TABLE 704.1

OCCUPANCY SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS

Exception:Accessory uses in Group F and S

occupancies conforming to704.1.2.1.

4. Rooms or spaces used for customary storage of

nonhazardous materials in Group A, Group B,Group E, Group F, Group M, and Group R,

which in aggregate do not exceed 1/3of the major

occupancy floor area in which they are located.

5. Portions of buildings which are less than 3,000

sq ft used as accessory small businesses to and

open for business simultaneously with the princi

pal retail sales occupant, only in a Group M

occupancy.

Exception: Item 5 shall not apply to separa

tion walls between tenants and malls in cov

ered mall buildings.

704.1.2.3A1-houroccupancy separation shall be permitted in assembly rooms greater than 750 sq ft (70m2) but less than 2,000 sq ft (186 m2) in area when allof the following are met:

1. The occupant content does not exceed 300 persons calculated in accordance with Table 1003.1.

2. The assembly room does not constitute the majoroccupancy classification of the building.

3. The assembly room is not associated with a hazardous or Group S1 occupancy.

4. The assembly room is not associated with akitchen.

5. The assembly room is not a theater or restaurant.

704.1.3 Special occupancy separations704.1.3.1 Assembly and educational. Fire resistanceseparation shall not be required between Sunday schoolrooms and a church auditorium of Group A - SmallAssembly occupancy, and between classrooms in dayschools and auditoriums, gymnasiums, cafeterias, andlibraries of small assembly occupancy, which are usedonly as accessory uses to the education occupancy.

704.1.3.2 Automobile parking garages.A separationbetween an automobile parking garage used exclusively for the storage of passenger vehicles that willaccommodate not more than 9 passengers and anyother occupancy having a rating of 2 hours or more inTable 704.1 shall be 2 hours.

704.1.3.3 Boiler and machinery rooms704.1.3.3.1 Every central heating boiler as definedin theFlorida Building Code, Mechanical installedin any building other than a one- or two-familydwelling or GroupF,shall be separated from the restof the building by not less than 1-hourfire resistantconstruction.

704.1.3.3.2 A central heating boiler installed in aGroup A or H occupancy shall be separated from therest of the building by construction having a fireresistance rating of not less than 2 hours.

Note:

1. See 411.2.6 for exceptions.

2. Rated separation is not required for day-care occupancies in assem

bly occupancies used primarily for worship.

3. In apartment occupancies containing a day -care occupancy, where

the two exit accesses from the day-care occupancy enter the same

corridor as the apartment occupancy, the exit accesses shall be sepa

rated in the corridor by a smoke barrier having a fire resistance rat

ing of not less than 1 hour. The fire rated smoke barrier shall be locat

ed so that there is an exit on each side.

4. Fire rated separation is not required for day-care homes in assembly

occupancies used primarily for worship.

704.1.2 Accessory occupancies704.1.2.1 Portions of buildings used as accessoryoffices or for customary nonhazardous uses necessaryfor transacting the principal business in Group S andGroup F occupancies need not be separated from theprincipal use. Group F occupancies producing, using orstoring low hazard contents as listed in 312.2.2 or asapproved by the building official need not be considered mixed occupancies. Height and area will be governed by the principal intended use.

704.1.2.2The following occupancies need not be separated from the uses to which they are accessory:

1. A kitchen in a Group A occupancy does not constitute a mixed occupancy. A fire resistant separation is not required.

2. Assembly rooms having a floor area of not over750 sq ft (70 m2), are incidental to another occupancy, and have an occupant load less than 50shall be classified as part of the other occupancy.

3. Administrative and clerical offices and similarrooms which, in area per story, do not exceed 25percent of the story area of the major use when

not related to Group H occupancies.

Large or Small Assembly 2 hour

Business 1 hour

Day-care Occupancy2-3'4 1 hour

Educational 2 hour

Factory-Industrial 2 hour

Hazardous See 704.1.4

Institutional 2 hour

Mercantile 1 hour

Residential 1 hour

Storage, Moderate Hazard S1 3 hour

Storage, Low Hazard S2 2 hour

Automobile Parking Garages1 1 hour

Automobile Repair Garages 2 hour


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704.1.3.3.3-704.2.1.5

704.1.3.3.3 Steam boilers.Every steam boiler carrying more than 15 psi (103 kPa) pressure with arating in excess of 10 boiler horsepower (98 kW)installed in a building other than one of Group F

occupancy, shall be located in a separate room orcompartment, shall not be located under a meansof egress and shall be separated from the rest ofthe building by construction having at least 2-hour fire resistance. This rating may be reducedin accordance with the hazard existing when inthe opinion of the building official it is desirableto provide for explosion venting upward.

704.1.3.3.4 Refrigerant system machinery rooms.Where required by the Florida Building Code,

Mechanical because of refrigerant type, amount,system classification and occupancy, a Level 2machinery room shall be of noncombustible con

struction. A minimum of 1-hour construction shallseparate the machinery room from other occupiedspaces. A minimum of 3/4-hour C-labeled doorsshall be used when separating from other occupancies.

704.1.4 Hazardous occupancies704.1.4.1 The separation of a hazardous occupancyfrom other occupancies shall be in accordance withTable 704.1.4.

TABLE 704.1.4

HAZARDOUS OCCUPANCY SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS

Note:

NP = H1 occupancies not permitted to be attached to other occupancies

or other H subclassifications.

704.1.4.2 The separation of a hazardous occupancysubclassification shall apply only to storage areas.

704.1.4.3Building areas intended for the use, processing, manufacture or generation of materials havingdifferent hazard classifications, all of them being GroupH, need not be separated further within the confines ofthe Group H occupancy provided the requirements foreach hazard are met.


704.1.4.4 Accessory areas, other than assembly occupancies, that do not exceed 10 percent of the allowablearea for the hazardous occupancy subclassification inTable 500 and that do not exceed 1,500 sq ft (139 m

2)

shall not be required to comply with 704.1. Whereaccessory areas are separated from hazardous occupancies by partitions, the partitions shall be not less than 1hour fire resistant construction with an opening protection rating not less than

3/4 hour. Opening protection

shall be either self-closing or automatic-closing inaccordance with 705.1.3.2.3.

704.2 Interior wall and partition fire separation requirements

704.2.1 General704.2.1.1This section shall apply to the fire separationrequirements of interior walls and partitions for the

various occupancies and types of construction.Partitions of higher fire resistance rating required byother sections of this code may also serve to meet therequirements of this section.

704.2.1.2 All partitions enclosing vertical openingssuch as stairways, utility shafts and elevator shaftswhich are required to have a fire resistance rating shallextend from floor to floor or floor toroof.These wallsshall be continuous through all concealed spaces suchas the space above a suspended ceiling. The supportingstructure shall have a fire resistance rating equal to orgreater than the fire resistance rating required for thevertical enclosure. Where the openings are offset at

intermediate floors, the offset and floor constructionshall be of construction having a fire resistance of notless than that required for the enclosing partitions.

704.2.1.3 All other partitions required to have a fireresistance rating shall extend from the top of the floorbelow to the ceiling above and shall be securelyattached thereto. Where said ceiling is not a part of anassembly having a fire resistance rating at least equal tothat required for the partition, the partition shall beconstructed tight against the floor or roof deck above.

704.2.1.4 Corridor partitions, smokestop partitions,horizontal exit partitions, exit enclosures, and fire rated

walls required to have protected openings shall beeffectively and permanently identified with signs orstenciling in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. Such identification shall be above anydecorative ceiling and in concealed spaces. Suggestedwording: FIRE AND SMOKE BARRIER PROTECTALL OPENINGS.

704.2.1.5Any required smoke barrier shall be continuous from outside wall to outside wall, from floor slabto floor slab or roof deck, from smoke barrier to smokebarrier, or a combination thereof, including continuitythrough all concealed spaces such as those found above

suspended ceilings however, smoke barriers are notrequired in interstitial spaces designed and constructed

OCCUPANCY H1 H2 H3 H4

A NP 4 4 4

B NP 2 2 1

D NP 4 4 4

E NP 4 4 4

F NP 2 1 1

H1 NP NP NP

H2 NP 1 2

H3 NP 1 1

H4 NP 2 1

I NP 4 4 4

M NP 2 2 2

R 1,2,3, and4 NP 4 4 4

Sl,2 NP 2 2 2


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OCCUPANCY OCCUPANT FIRE RESISTANCE

LOAD RATING (hours)

Sprinklered Unsprinklered

A,B,F,M,S less than 30 0 0

A 30 or more 1 1

B,F,M,S 30 or more 0 1

D6 All, 0 1

R1,R2,R3 less than 10,

Note 1

0 0

R1.R2 10 or more,

Note 1

1/2 1

R4 16 or less 0 0

R4 more than 16,

Note 1

0 1

E Note 2, 5 1 1

I Unrestrained All 0 N/A

I Restrained All 0 0, Note 3

H All 1 1

704.2.2-704.4.1

TABLE 704.2.4

FIRE RESISTANCE RATING OF EXIT ACCESS CORRIDORS4-7with ceilings equivalent to smoke barriers. Smoke barriers shall be of 1-hour fire resistant construction.Fixed wired glass vision panels shall bepermittedinsuch barriers provided thepanels do not individually

exceed anarea of 1,296square inches (0.84 m

2

) andare mountedinsteel frames. Thereis norestrictiononthe total numberofsuch panelsinany barrier.

Exception: Smoke barriers inGroup IRestrainedoccupancies shallbepermitted tobe constructedofminimum 0.10-inch (2.5 mm) thick steel.

704.2.2 Partition requirements by occupancy704.2.2.1 GroupIRestrained

704.2.2.1.1 Smoke barriers shall beconstructedinaccordance with 704.2.1.5.

704.2.2.1.2All interior partitions in TypeIand TypeII construction shall beofnoncombustible construction.

704.2.2.2 Group I Unrestrained.Smoke barriers shallhave aminimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating and beconstructedinaccordance with 704.2.1.5.

704.2.2.3 Group RResidential. Nonfire rated partitions may be constructed within small residentialcare/assisted living facilities (Group R4 SmallFacility), one- andtwo-family dwellings andwithinindividual dwelling units unless required by Table 600.The tenant separation in a two-family dwelling shall

comply with704.3.

Exception:Shaft enclosuresinGroup R4 occupancies shallbeenclosed andprotected inaccordancewith the requirementsofTable 705.1.2.

704.2.3 Partitions within tenant space704.2.3.1Partitions dividing portionsofstores, officesor similar places occupied by one tenant only, which donot establish an exit access corridor serving anoccupant loadof30 personsormore, and partial partitions,may betemporary or permanent andconstructed inaccordance with 609 without fire resistance, providedthat:

1. Their location is restricted by their methodofconstruction or bymeans of permanent tracks,guidesorother approved methods.

2. Flammability shall be limited to materials havingan interior finish classification as set forth inTable 803.3forroomsor areas.

704.2.4 Exit access corridors. Fire resistance ratingofexit access corridors shall be in accordance with Table704.2.4.

7.6 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE BUILDING

Notes:1. Corridors within guest roomsordwelling units need not be rated.2. Corridors need not be rated in GroupEoccupancies with rooms used either for

instruction withatleast one exit door directly to the exterior atground levelorfor assembly purposes with at least one-halfofthe required exits directly to theexterioratground level.

3. Unsprinklered use condition5 shall have exit access corridors of1-hourfireresistance.

4. In buildings protected throughout withan approved automatic sprinkler system, exit access corridor wallsnotrequired to berated shall, in conjunctionwith openings therein and ceilingsat which they terminate, resist the passageof smoke.

5. Exterior corridorsor balconiesin accordance with section 1021 shallbe per

mitted.6. Corridors need not be rated whereall spaces normally subject toclient occupancy have not less than one door opening directly to the outside or to an exterior balcony complying with 1006.2.2.

7. See Table 705.1.2 for separation requirements for bathrooms opening onto firerated exit access corridors.

704.3 Tenant fire separation704.3.1 In abuildingorportionof abuilding of asingleoccupancy classification, when enclosed spaces areprovidedforseparate tenants, such spaces shallbeseparatedby not less than1-hourfire resistance.

Exception:InGroup B and Group S occupancies, partitions not rated for fire resistance may be used to separatetenants provided no area between partitions ratedat 1

hour or more exceeds 3,000sq ft(278.7 m2).

7043.2Inbuildings with usable crawl spaces, tenant separation walls required tohavea fire resistance rating shallextend from the undersideofthe floor to the ground below.A suitable foundation shall be provided at grade level.

Exception: Thewall neednot beextended when thefloor abovethecrawl space hasa minimum 1-hour fireresistance rating.

704.4 Townhouse fire separation704.4.1 Each townhouse shall beconsidered a separatebuilding and shall be separated from adjoining townhous-es byaparty wall complying with 704.4.2orby the use of


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7.7FLORIDA BUILDING CODE BUILDING

separate exterior walls meeting therequirementsofTable600for zero clearance from property linesasrequiredforthe type of construction. Separate exterior walls shallincludeone ofthe following:

1. Aparapet not less than 18inches(457 mm)abosethe roof line.

2. Roof sheathingofnoncombustible materialorfireretar-dant treated wood,for notless thana 4 ft (1219 mm)widthoneach sideoftheexterior dividing wall.

3. One layer of 5/8 inch (15.9 mm)Type X gypsumboard attachedto theundersideof roof decking,fornot less thana 4 ft(1219 mm) widthoneach sideofthe exterior dividing wall.

704.4.2 When not more than 3 stories in height, town-housesmay beseparatedby asingle wall meeting thefollowing requirements:

1. Such wall shall provide not less than a 2-hour fire

resistance rating. Plumbing, piping, ducts, electricalor other building services shallnot beinstalled withinorthroughthe 2hour wall, unless such materialsand methods of penetration have been tested inaccordance with 701.2.

2. Such wall shall be continuous from the foundationto theundersideof the roof sheathingorshall havea parapet extending not less than 18 inches (457mm) abovetheroofline.When such wall terminatesat the underside of the roof sheathing, the roofsheathing for notless thana 4 ft (1219 mm)widthon each sideof the wall shallbe ofnoncombustiblematerial,orfire retardant treated wood,or onelayer

of

5

/8 inch (15.9 mm)Type X gypsum wallboardattachedto theundersideofthe roof decking.

3. Each dwelling unit sharing such wall shall bedesigned andconstructed tomaintain itsstructuralintegrity independent of the unit on the oppositesideofthe wall.

Exception:Said wallmay bepenetratedbyroofand floor structural members provided that thefire resistance rating and the structural integrityof the wall ismaintained.

704.5 Fire wall extensionsandparapets704.5.1 Fire wall extensions

704.5.1.1 Party walls and fire walls shall extend notless than3 ft (914 mm)abovethe roof.

Exception: Fire walls shall not be required toextend abovetheroof wheretheroof is:

1. Noncombustible in Types I, II and IV construction,or

2. Noncombustibleorfire retardant treated woodforanarea within40 ft (12.2 m) ofeach sideofthewallinTypes III, V and VI construction.

704.5.1.2 Party walls and fire walls shall extend notless than 18inches(457 mm)past exterior intersectingwallsofcombustible construction orexterior noncombustible walls with combustible projectionsorveneers.

The partyorfire wall shall extendnotless than 18 inch-

704.4.2-705.1.2.1

es(457mm) pastanycombustible projectionorveneer.Party wallsorfire walls shall extend to the inside facingofthe exterior surfaceofnoncombustible construction.

704.5.1.3 Fire walls shall be in accordance with therequirements of NCMA-TEK 5-8 or equivalence inbrickorpoured concreteorother nationally recognizedtested systems.

704.5.2 Parapet WallsInTypeIIIandTypeVConstruction. exterior walls shallextend notless than 18inches(457 mm)abovethe roof.

Exceptions:1. Walls located more than 15 ft (4.57 m)from a

common property line or centerline of a publicway.

2. Where the roof slopes more than 4:12 from thebackof theexterior wall.

SECTION705PROTECTION OF OPENINGS

705.1 Protectionofwall openings705.1.1 Protectionofopeningsinexterior walls

705.1.1.1 Theprovisions of 705.1.1 do not apply toGroupR3occupancies.

705.1.1.2Every exterior wall within 15 ft (4572mm)of a property line shall be equipped with approvedopening protectives.

Exceptions:1. Exterior walls not required by Table600 to

haveafire resistance rating.2. Show windows fronting on astreet orpublic

space.3. Open parking structures meeting the require

mentsof411.3.

705.1.1.3Where openingsin anexterior wallareaboveand within5 ft(1524 mm) laterallyofan openingofthestory below, such openings shall be separated by anapproved noncombustible flame barrier extending 30inches (762 mm) beyond the exterior wallinthe planeofthe flooror byapproved vertical flame barriersnotless

than3 ft (914 mm)high measured vertically abovethetop of the lower opening. Such flame barriersare notrequired whena complete approved automatic sprinklersystem isinstalled.

705.1.1.4 Fresh air intakes shall be protected againstexterior fire exposurebymeansofapproved fire doors,dampersorother suitable protectioninaccordance withthe degreeofexposure hazard.

705.1.2 Protectionofopeningsininterior walls705.1.2.1 General.Openings ininterior wallsandpartitions shall beprotected in accordance with 705.1.2and Table 705.1.2.


8/44

TABLE 705.1.2 -705.1.2.3.1

Exceptions:1. Where fire resistance is required because of

type of construction only.2. Ducts in accordance with 705.1.2.2.3. One- and two-family dwellings.

TABLE 705.1.2

MINIMUM FIRE RESISTANCE OF WALLS, PARTITIONS

AND OPENING PROTECTIVES1 (hr)

c. the walls, partitions, floor and ceiling of the bathroom/restroom

have a fire rating at least equal to the rating of the hall, corridor or

exit access, and

d. the bathroom/restroom is not used for any other purpose than it is

designed.

7. See704.1.8. See Table 600, 705.1.1 and 503.4.8.

9. See 704.2.2.3 for walls and partitions in Group R4 occupancies.

10.In Group R4 Large Facility occupancies, sleeping room doors shall

resist the passage of smoke but closers are not required.

11.See705.1.3.1.

705.1.2.2 Fire dampers705.1.2.2.1 Fire dampers, installed in accordancewith manufacturer's installation instructions, shallbe provided in ducts penetrating walls or partitionshaving a fire resistance rating of 1hour or more.

Exceptions:

1. Where branch ducts connect to return risers inwhich the air flow is upward and subducts at

least 22 inches (559 mm) long are carried up

inside the riser at each inlet.

2. In duct systems of any duct materials or combi

nations thereof allowed by Chapter 6 of the

Florida Building Code, Mechanical penetrating

1-hourwalls or partitions, where the duct pene

trating the rated wall or partition meets all of the

following minimum requirements:

1. the duct shall not exceed one 100 square

inches (0.06 m2),

2. the duct shall be of 0.0217 inch (0.55 mm)minimum steel,

3. the duct shall continue with no duct open

ings for not less than 5 ft (1.5 m) from the

rated wall,

4. the duct shall be installed above a ceiling,

and,

5. the duct does not terminate at a wall regis

ter in the rated wall.

705.1.2.2.2 Fire dampers shall comply with therequirements of UL 555 and shall bear the label ofan approved testing agency. Closure shall interrupt

any migratory air flow and restrict the passage offlame. Fire dampers shall be classified and identified for use in either.

1. Static systems that automatically shut down inthe event of fire.

2. Dynamic systems thatoperate in theevent of fire.

705.1.2.3 Smoke barriers705.1.2.3.1An approved damper designed to resistthe passage of smoke shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions at each air transfer opening or duct penetrationof a required smoke barrier. The required smokedamper shall be arranged to operate automatically,

controlled by a smoke detection system and manual


Notes:1. Table 600 may require greater fire resistance of walls to insure struc

tural stability.

2. All exits and stairways in Group A and H occupancies shall be 2hours with 1

1/2-hour door assemblies.

3. See also 503.1.2.4. See 704.2.3 and 704.2.4.

5. See 409 for sprinklered Group 1- buildings.6. Fire rated bathroom/restroom doors are not required when opening

onto fire rated halls, corridors, exit access provided:a. no other rooms open off of the bathroom/restroom, and

b. no gas or electric appliances are located in the bathroom/restroom,and

7.8

WALLS AND OPENING

COMPONENT PARTITIONS9 PROTECTIVES

SHAFT ENCLOSURES (including

stairways, exits & elevators)

4 or more stories 2 l1/2

less than 4 stories 12 12

all refuse chutes 2 l1/2

WALLS AND PARTITIONS

fire walls3 4 3

within tenant space See 704.2.3

tenant space (see also 704.3) 1 3/4

horizontal exit 2 l1/2

exit access corridors See Note 4,5 20min.10,11

smoke barriers See 409.1.2

refuse and laundry chute access 1 3/4

rooms

incinerator rooms 2 l1/2

refuse and laundry chute termination 1 3/4

rooms

hazardous occupancy control areas

high rise buildings

covered mall buildings

1

See 412

See 413

3/4

assembly buildings

bathrooms & restrooms

See Note 2

See Note 6

OCCUPANCY SEPARATIONS7

Required Fire

Resistance

4 3

3 3

2 l

1

/21 3/4

EXTERIOR WALLS8

All3/4


9/44

705.1.2.3.2-705.1.3.4

positioning shall be permitted from a remote command station.

705.1.2.3.2 Smoke dampers located in ducts that

penetrate smoke barriers shall close upon detectionof smoke by smoke detectors that are:

1. Installed in accordance with NFPA 72.2. Located on either side ofasmoke barrier door

opening where ducts penetrate smoke barriersabove the door opening.

3. Located within the ductwork in existinginstallations.

705.1.2.3.3 Required smoke dampers in air transferopenings shall close upon detection of smoke bysmoke detectors that are installed in accordancewith NFPA 72.

705.1.2.3.4Smoke dampers are not required underthe following conditions:

1. Ducts or air-transfer openings that are part ofan engineered smoke control system.

2. Ducts where the air continues to move and theair-handling system is arranged to preventrecirculation of exhaust or return air under afire emergency condition.

3. Air inlet or outlet openings in ducts that arelimited to a single smoke compartment.

4. Ducts that penetrate floors that serve as smokebarriers.

705.1.3 Approved types of fire windows, doors and

shutters705.1.3.1 Wall openings required to be protected shallbe protected by approved listed and labeled fire doors,windows and shutters and their accompanying hardware, including all frames, closing devices, anchorageand sills, in accordance with the requirements of NFPA80,except as otherwise specified in this code.

Exception: Unprotected openings shall be permitted for corridors in multi-theater complexes whereeach motion picture auditorium has at least 1/2of itsrequired exit or exit access doorways openingdirectly to the exterior or into an exit passagewayand the complex is protected throughout with an

approved automatic sprinkler system.

705.1.3.2Openings are classified in accordance with thecharacter and location of the wall in which they are situated. Fire protection ratings for products intended to comply with this section shall be as determined and reportedby a nationally recognized testing agency in accordancewith NFPA 252 orNFPA257.Allsuch products shall bearan approved label. In each of the following classes, theminimum fire protection ratings are shown.

705.1.3.2.1 Fire doors are classified as 3 hour, 1 1/2hour, 1 hour,

3/4hour or 20 minute.


705.1.3.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, doors andview panels within doors in walls required to have afire resistance rating of 1 hour or less shall have afire protection rating of at least 20 minutes when

tested in accordance with NFPA 252 without thehose stream.

Exception: For Group I Unrestrained, corridordoors shall be in accordance with 409.1.4.

705.1.3.2.3 All doors in smoke barriers, horizontalexits, stairway enclosures and other doors openingbetween rooms and fire-rated exit access corridorsshall be self-closing and shall be maintained closedor, in buildings of low or ordinary hazard contentswhen approved by the building official, shall bepermitted to be automatic-closing doors providedwith approved door holding devices of the fail-safe

type which will release the door causing it tobecome automatic-closing and to close when activated by approved listed smoke detectors in accordance with the following:

1. Upon release of the hold-open mechanism, thedoor becomes self-closing; and,

2. The release device is designed so that the doorinstantly releases manually and upon releasebecomes self-closing, or the door closes by somesimple or readily obvious operation; and,

3. The automatic releasing mechanism or medium isactivated by the operation of an approved, automatic smoke detection system installed in accordance with NFPA 72 to protect the entire building, designed and installed to provide for actuation ofthesystem promptly so as to preclude thegeneration ofheator smoke sufficient to interferewith egress before the system operates; or, theoperation of approved smoke detectors installedin such a way as to detect smoke on either side ofthe door opening, as detailed in NFPA 72. Eithersystem shall be permitted to be zoned whereapproved by the building official; and,

4. Any fire detection system or smoke detector isprovided with such supervision and safeguards asare necessary to insure reliability of operation incase offire;and,

5. Upon loss of power to the hold-open device, thehold-open mechanism is released and the doorbecomes self-closing; and,

6. The release by means of smoke detection of onedoor in a stair enclosure results in closing alldoors serving that stair.

705.1.3.3 The maximum size of fire doors shall notexceed that specified in Appendix E, NFPA 80.

705.13.4For11/2hour and 1 hour doors used in stairwayenclosures the average temperature rise developed on theunexposed side shall not exceed 450F (232C) at the endof 30 minutes of standard fire test exposure.


10/44


705.1.3.5-705.2.2

705.1.3.5Fire doors shall be equipped with an approvedcloser. (See 1009.2.2 for doors in horizontal exits.)

Exception:Doors located in common walls separating guest rooms in Group Rl hotels and motels maybe installed without automatic or self-closing devices.

705.1.3.6 View panels705.1.3.6.1 One-fourth inch (6.4 mm) thick wiredglass labeled for fire protection purposes may beused in approved opening protectives with the maximum sizes shown in Table 705.1.3.6. Other glazingmaterials which have been tested and labeled toindicate the type of opening to be protected for fireprotection purposes may be used in approved opening protectives in accordance with their listing withthe maximum sizes tested. For requirements forsafety glazing, (See 2405.)

TABLE 705.1.3.6LIMITING SIZE OF WIRED GLASS PANELS

1,2,3

705.1.4 Fire shutters705.1.4.1 When equipped with fire shutters of theswinging type, at least one in every three openings facing a street in each story shall have such shutters

arranged to be readily opened from the outside.Distinguishing marks shall be provided on such shutters.

705.1.4.2Fire shutters of the rolling type shall includeapproved automatic closing devices.

705.1.5 Opening protection in stairway enclosures.Opening protectives in stairway shafts are limited to self-closing or smoke actuated, automatic-closing fire doorassemblies. If smoke-actuated closures close one door, alldoors serving that stairway shall close.

705.2 Protection of floor openings705.2.1 General requirements

705.2.1.1Protection of floor openings shall be provided in accordance with these provisions to prevent thespread of fire from story to story.

705.2.1.2 For protection of stairways, see 1006. Forprotection of elevators, see 3003.1.

705.2.1.3 For protection of pipe, conduit, cable, wire,tube, duct and vent penetrations of fire resistance ratedfloors, roofs, ceilings and shaft enclosures, see 705.4.

705.2.1.4 Duct penetrations705.2.1.4.1Fire dampers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions in ducts penetrating only one floor ofabuilding

requiring the protection of vertical openings when theduct is not protected by a shaft enclosure described intheFlorida Building Code, Mechanical.

705.2.1.4.2 Fire dampers shall comply with therequirements of UL 555 and shall bear the label ofan approved testing agency. Closure shall interruptany migratory air flow and restrict the passage offlame. Fire dampers shall be classified and identified for use in either:

1. Static systems that automatically shut downin the event of fire.

2. Dynamic systems that operate in the event offire.

705.2.1.5 Floor fire doors.Floor fire door assemblies,used to protect openings in fire rated floors, shall betested in the horizontal position in accordance withASTM E 119 and shall achieve a fire resistance ratingnot less than that of the assembly being penetrated.Floor fire doors shall bear an approved label.

705.2.2 Shaft enclosures. All openings through a floorand penetrations through a floor shall be protected by ashaft enclosure in accordance with 705.2.3.

Exceptions:1. A shaft enclosure is not required for openings

totally within a dwelling unit and connectingfour stories or less.

ForS1:1 in = 25.4 mm, 1 in2:= 645.16 mm

2.

Notes:

1. The glass shall be well-embedded in putty, and all exposed jointsbetween the metal and glass shall be struck and pointed.

2. Devices used to view through fire doors rated at 1 1/2 hours or lessshall be labeled.

3. Wired glass in 20-minute doors shall be limited to the amount ofglass tested in a door.

705.1.3.6.2Fire windows, side lights and transomsin 1-hourfire resistant partitions shall be 45-minutefire protection rated. Such fire protection rated glazing shall consist of labeled glazing installed inlabeled frames in accordance with their individuallistings.

705.1.3.6.3 View panels shall achieve a minimum

fire protection rating of 45 minutes, including fireendurance and hose stream tests in accordance with

NFPA 257 under positive pressure. Within the first

10 minutes ofatest, the pressure in the furnace shall

be adjusted so at least 2/3 of the test specimen is

above the neutral pressure plane, and the neutral

pressure plane shall be maintained at that height for

the balance of the test.

705.1.3.7The aggregate area of glazing in fire doors, fire

windows, side lights and transoms in1-hourfireresistant

partitions shall not exceed 25 percent of the area of a

wall separating a room or space from a corridor.

MAXIMUM MAXIMUM MAXIMUM

RATING,OPENING AREA HEIGHT WIDTH

(sqIn) (In) (in)

3-hour door 0 0 0

1& 11/2-hour doors 100 33 123/4-hourdoor 1,296 54 54


11/44

705.2.3 - 705.2.3.4.2

2. A shaft enclosure is not required for a floor opening which:1. is not part of the required means of egress, and2. is not concealed within the building construc

tion, and3. does not connect more than two stories, and4.does not connect with a stairway or escalator

serving other floors, and5. is not open to any corridors in Group I and R

Occupancies or to corridors on nonsprin-klered floors in other occupancies, and

6. is separated from floor openings serving otherfloors by construction conforming withrequired shaft enclosures.

3. A shaft enclosure is not required for penetrations

by pipe, tube, conduit, wire, cable, duct and vents

protected in accordance with 705.4.

4. A shaft enclosure is not required for floor open

ings complying with the special provisions for

covered malls or atriums.5. A shaft enclosure is not required for approved

masonry chimneys where annular space protec

tion is provided at each floor level in accordance

with 705.4.


ings in an open parking garage.


ings between a mezzanine and the floor below.

8. A shaft enclosure is not required in fully sprin-

klered buildings for an escalator opening protect

ed in accordance with one of the following alter

natives:

Alternative A - (1) The area of the floor opening

between stories shall not exceed twice the hori

zontal projected area of the escalator, and (2)

Draft curtains and special sprinkler head loca

tions shall meet the requirements of NFPA 13,

and (3) In other than Group B and M occupancies

the escalator openings shall not connect more

than four stories, or

Alternative B - The opening is protected by

approved power-operated automatic shutters at

every floor opening. The shutters shall be of non-combustible construction and have a fire resis

tance rating of not less than 11/2hours. The shut

ter shall close immediately upon the automatic

detection of smoke by an approved device and

shall completely shut off the floor opening. The

escalator shall stop when the shutter begins to

close. The shutter shall operate at a speed of not

more than 30 ft per minute (0.152 m/s) and shall

be equipped with a sensitive leading edge to

arrest its progress when in contact with any

obstacle, and to continue its progress after

release.


705.2.3 Shaft enclosure construction

705.2.3.1 Fire resistance.The fire resistance rating of

shaft enclosures shall be in accordance with Table

705.1.2 and not less than the floor assembly penetrated, but the rating need not exceed 2 hours.

705.2.3.2 Construction type.Shaft enclosures shall be

of noncombustible materials in Types I, II and IV con

struction and may be of combustible materials in Types

III,V and VI construction.

705.2.3.3 Enclosure at bottom. Shafts which do not

extend to the bottom of the building or structure shall

be enclosed at the lowest level with construction of the

same fire resistance as the lowest floor through which

the shaft passes, but not less than the rating required for

the shaft enclosure, or shall terminate in a room havinga use related to the purpose of the shaft. The room shall

be separated from the remainder of the building by

construction having a fire resistance rating and opening

protectives at least equal to the protection required for

the shaft enclosure. For shafts containing refuse or

laundry chutes, see 705.2.4.

Exceptions:

1. Fire resistant separation of the room is not

required, provided there are no openings in or

penetrations through the shaft enclosure to the

interior of the building except at the bottom ofthe shaft. The bottom of the shaft shall be

closed off around the penetrating items with

materials permitted by the code for draftstops,

or the room shall be provided with an

approved automatic sprinkler system.

2. Fire resistance separation of the room is not

required and the bottom of the shaft may be

open provided there are no combustibles in

the shaft and there are no other openings or

penetrations through the shaft enclosure to the

interior of the building.

705.2.3.4 Enclosure at top705.2.3.4.1 A shaft that does not extend to or

through the underside of the roof deck of the build

ing shall be enclosed at the top with construction of

the same fire resistance as the topmost floor pene

trated by the shaft, but not less than the rating

required for the shaft enclosure.

705.2.3.4.2When a shaft extends through aroof,the

shaft enclosure shall extend at least 36 inches (914

mm) above the highest part of the roof that is with

in 5 ft (1524 mm) of the opening. The enclosure

wall or combination of enclosure wall and guardrailshall be at least 42 inches (1066 mm) high.


12/44


Exception:When a shaft extends through a non-

combustible roof,a noncombustible guardrail at

least 42 inches (1066 mm) high may be used

around the opening instead of a wall.

705.2.3.5 Openings in shaft enclosures. Openings in

shaft enclosures shall be permitted when limited to

those necessary for the purposes of the shaft. Permitted

openings in shaft enclosures shall be protected with

opening protectives having a fire resistance in accor

dance with Table 705.1.2.

705.2.4 Special provisions for refuse and laundry

chutes

705.2.4.1 General.Refuse and laundry chutes, access

and termination rooms and incinerator rooms shall be

constructed in accordance with 705.2.4.2 through

705.2.4.6.

Exception:Group R3 occupancies.

705.2.4.2 Refuse and laundry chute enclosures.A

shaft containing a refuse or laundry chute shall be used

for no other purpose and shall be protected by a shaft

enclosure in accordance with 705.2.3. Refuse chute

material shall be noncombustible meeting Part 1 of the

definition for noncombustible. All openings into the

shaft enclosure, including those from access rooms and

termination rooms, shall be protected in accordance

with Table 705.1.2. Such opening protectives shall be

self-closing or automatic-closing upon detection of

smoke, except that the opening protective between the

shaft and the termination room may be closed by a

heat-activated device.

705.2.4.3 Refuse and laundry chute access rooms.

Access openings for refuse and laundry chutes shall be

located in rooms or compartments completely enclosed

by construction and opening protectives in accordance

with Table 705.1.2. Access openings to refuse and

laundry chutes shall not be located in exit access corri

dors or exit enclosures.

705.2.4.4 Termination room. Refuse and laundry

chutes shall discharge into an enclosed termination

room completely separated from the remainder of the

building by construction and opening protectives in

accordance with Table 705.1.2. Refuse chutes shall not

terminate in an incinerator room.

705.2.4.5 Incinerator room. Incinerators shall be

enclosed within a room separated from the remainder

of the building by construction and opening protectives

in accordance with Table 705.1.2.

705.2.3.5 - 705.5.1

705.2.4.6 Automatic sprinklers. An approved auto

matic sprinkler system shall be installed at the top and

at alternate floor levels in refuse and laundry chutes

and in the termination and incinerator rooms.

705.3 Fireblocking and draftstopping

705.3.1 Fireblocking

705.3.1.1 Fireblocking shall be provided in all walls

and partitions to cut off all concealed draft openings

both horizontal and vertical and to form a fire barrier

between floors and between the upper floor and the

roof space. See also2305.1.

705.3.1.2 Fireblocking shall not be covered or con

cealed until inspected by the building official.

705.3.1.3Walls and stud partitions shall be fireblocked

at floors, ceilings and roofs. Fireblocking in noncom

bustible partitions shall not be required at the ceiling

for suspended ceiling systems. Fireblocking shall con

sist of approved noncombustible materials unless oth

erwise specified in this code. Material shall be secure

ly fastened in place.

705.3.1.4Chimneys shall be fireblocked in accordance

with 2113, 2305, and 2804.

705.3.2 Draftstopping. Enclosed attic and floor spaces

formed of combustible construction shall be divided in

accordance with 2305.2.

705.4 Protection of penetrations

705.4.1 General. Protection of penetrations through fire

rated and nonfire rated assemblies shall comply with

705.5 and 705.6.

705.4.2 Sleeves.Where sleeves are used, the sleeves shall

be securely fastened to the assembly penetrated. All space

between the item contained in the sleeve and the sleeve

itself and any space between the sleeve and the assembly

penetrated shall be protected in accordance with 705.5 or

705.6.

705.4.3 Insulation.Insulation and coverings on the pene

trating item shall not penetrate the assembly unless the

specific material used has been tested as part of the assem

bly in accordance with 705.5 or 705.6.

705.5 Penetrations of fire rated walls.Penetrations into or

through fire resistant walls required to have opening protec

tives shall comply with 705.5.1 through 705.5.3.

705.5.1 Through-penetrations. Through-penetrations of

fire rated walls shall comply with 705.5.1.1 or 705.5.1.2.


13/44


Exception:Where the penetrating items are steel, fer

rous or copper pipes or steel conduits, the annular

space shall be permitted to be protected as follows:

1. In concrete or masonry walls where the penetrat

ing item is a maximum 6 inch nominal diameterand the opening is a maximum 144 square inch

es,concrete, grout, or mortar shall be permitted

when installed the full thickness of the wall or

the thickness required to maintain the fire rating,

or

2. The material used to fill the annular space shall

prevent the passage of flame and hot gases suffi

cient to ignite cotton waste when subjected to

ASTM E 119 time/temperature fire conditions

under a minimum positive pressure differential

of0.01inch of water column (2.5 Pa) at the loca

tion of the penetration for the time period equiv

alent to the fire rating of the construction pene

trated.

705.5.1.1 Fire rated assembly. Penetrations shall be

installed as tested in the approved ASTM E 119 rated

assembly.

705.5.1.2 Penetration firestop system. Penetrations

shall be protected by an approved penetration firestop

system installed as tested in accordance with ASTM E

814, with a minimum positive pressure differential of

0.01 inch of water column (2.5 Pa) and shall have an F

rating of not less than the required rating of the wallpenetrated.

705.5.2 Membrane penetrations. Membrane penetra

tions shall comply with 705.5.1 through 705.5.1.2.

Exceptions:

1. Steel electrical boxes that do not exceed 16

square inches in area provided that the area of

such openings does not exceed 100 square inch

es for any 100 sq ft of wall area. Outlet boxes on

opposite sides of the wall shall be separated by a

horizontal distance of not less than 24 inches.Membrane penetrations for electrical outlet

boxes of any other material are permitted provid

ed that such boxes are tested for use in fire rated

assemblies and installed in accordance with the

tested assembly.

2. The annular space created by the penetration of a

fire sprinkler provided it is covered by a metal

escutcheon plate.

705.5.3 Combustible framing into masonry fire resis

tant walls.Adjacent combustible members entering into a

masonry fire resistant wall from opposite sides shall not

have less than a 4 inch distance between embedded ends.

705.5.1.1 - 705.6.1.1

Where combustible members frame into hollow walls or

walls of hollow units, all hollow spaces shall be solidly

filled for the full thickness of the wall and for a distance

not less than 4 inches above, below and between the struc

tural members, with noncombustible materials approvedfor fireblocking.

705.6 Penetrations of horizontal assemblies. All penetra

tions of a floor, floor/ceiling assembly, or the ceiling mem

brane of a roof/ceiling assembly shall be protected by a shaft

enclosure in accordance with 705.2 or shall comply with

705.6.1 through 705.6.4.

705.6.1 Through-Penetrations. Through-penetrations of

fire rated horizontal assemblies shall comply with

705.6.1.1 or 705.6.1.2.

Exceptions:

1. Steel, ferrous or copper conduits, pipes, tubes,

vents, concrete or masonry penetrating items that

penetrate a single fire rated floor or floor/ceiling

assembly where the annular space is protected

with materials that prevent the passage of flame

and hot gases sufficient to ignite cotton waste

when subjected to ASTM E 119 time/tempera

ture fire conditions under a minimum positive

pressure differential of0.01inch of water column

(2.5 Pa) at the location of the penetration for the

time period equivalent to the fire rating of the

construction penetrated. Penetrating items with amaximum 6-inch nominal diameter shall not be

limited to the penetration of a single fire rated

floor or floor/ceiling assembly provided that the

area of the penetration does not exceed 144

square inches in any 100 sq ft of floor area.

2. Penetrations in a single concrete floor by steel,

ferrous or copper conduits, pipes, tubes and vents

with a maximum 6 inch nominal diameter pro

vided concrete, grout or mortar is installed the

full thickness of the floor or the thickness

required to maintain the fire rating. Penetrating

items with a maximum 6 inch nominal diametershall not be limited to the penetration of a single

concrete floor provided the area of the penetra

tion does not exceed 144 square inches.

3. Electrical outlet boxes of any material are per

mitted provided that such boxes are tested for use

in fire rated assemblies and installed in accor

dance with the tested assembly.

705.6.1.1 Fire rated assemblies.Penetrations shall be

installed as tested in the approved ASTM E 119 rated

assembly.


14/44

FLORIDA BUILDINGS CODE BUILDING7.14

705.6.1.2 Penetration firestop system. Penetrationsshall be protected by an approved penetration firestopsystem installed as tested in accordance with ASTM E814,with a minimum positive pressure differential of0.01 inch of water column (2.5 Pa). The system shallhave an F rating and a T rating of not less than 1 hourbut not less than the required rating of the floor penetrated.

Exception:Floor penetrations contained and locatedwithin the cavity ofawall do not require a T rating.

705.6.2 Membrane penetrations.Penetrations of membranes which are part of a fire rated horizontal assemblyshall comply with 705.6.1 through 705.6.1.2.

Exceptions:

1. Membrane penetrations of steel, ferrous or copper conduits, electrical outlet boxes, pipes, tubes,vents, concrete or masonry penetrating itemswhere the annular space is protected in accordance with 705.6.1, 705.6.2 or is protected toprevent the passage of flame and hot gases. Suchpenetrations shall not exceed an aggregate areaof 100 square inches in any 100 sq ft of ceilingarea in assemblies tested without penetrations.

2. Membrane penetrations for electrical outletboxes ofanymaterial are permitted provided thatsuch boxes are tested for use in fire rated assem

blies and installed in accordance with the testedassembly.

3. The annular space created by the penetration ofafire sprinkler provided it is covered by a metalescutcheon plate.

705.6.3 Nonfire rated assemblies.Penetrations of horizontal assemblies without a required fire rating shall comply with 705.6.3.1 through 705.6.3.2.

705.6.3.1 Noncombustible penetrating items.Noncombustible penetrating items which connectnot more than three stories are permitted provided

that the annular space is filled with an approvedmaterial to resist the passage of flame and hot gases.

705.6.3.2 Combustible penetratingitems.Combustiblepenetrating items which connect not more than two stories are permitted provided thattheannularspace isfilledwith an approved material to resist the passage of flameand hot gases.

705.6.4 Air ducts.Penetrations of horizontal assembliesby air ducts shall comply with 705.6.4.1 through705.6.4.3.

705.6.1.2-705.7.2

705.6.4.1 Through-Penetrations. Penetrations by an

air duct through a fire rated floor/ceiling assembly

which connects not more than two stories are permitted

where a fire damper is installed at the floor line.

705.6.4.2 Membrane penetration.Where a noncom-

bustible air duct penetrates a ceiling which is an inte

gral component ofafire rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceil

ing assembly, an approved ceiling damper shall be

installed at the ceiling line except where fire tests show

that the integrity of the fire rated assembly is main

tained without a ceiling damper. Ceiling dampers shall

be constructed in accordance with the details listed in a

fire rated design or shall be labeled to function as a heat

barrier for air-handling outlet/inlet penetrations in the

ceiling of a fire rated assembly.

705.6.43 Nonfire rated assemblies.Noncombustible airducts through floor assemblies not rated for fire resis

tance which connect not more than three stories are per

mitted provided that a fire damper is installed at each

floor line.

Exception: Fire dampers are not required in air

ducts within individual residential dwelling units.

705.7 Fire Resistant joint systems

705.7.1 General.Joints installed in or between fire resis

tant walls, fire resistant floor or floor/ceiling assemblies

and fire resistant roof or roof/ceiling assemblies shall beprotected by an approved fire resistant joint system

designed to resist the passage of fire for a time period not

less than the required fire resistance rating of the wall,

floor or roof in or between which it is installed. Fire resis

tant joint systems shall be installed and tested in accor

dance with 705.7. The void created at the intersection of a

floor or floor/ceiling assembly and an exterior curtain wall

assembly shall be protected in accordance with 705.7.6.

Exception: Fire resistant joint systems shall not be

required for joints in the following locations:

1. Floors within a single dwelling unit.

2. Floors where the joint is protected by a shaftenclosure in accordance with 705.2.

3. Floors within atriums where the space adjacentto the atrium is included in the volume oftheatrium for smoke-control purposes.

4.Floors within malls.5. Floors within open parking structures.6. Mezzanine floors.7. Walls which are permitted to have unprotected

openings.

705.7.2 Fire tes tFire resistant joint systems shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 under the following

conditions:


15/44


SECTION 706COMBUSTIBLES IN FIRE RATED ASSEMBLIES

706.1 Plumbing, electrical and air handling systems in

fire rated assemblies. In Type I and Type II construction,materials used for piping, conduit, raceways or duct systemswhich do not qualify as noncombustible in accordance withthe requirements of Part 1 of the definition of noncombustible material contained in 202 shall neither

1. penetrate any assembly which is required to have a fireresistance rating unless such materials and methods ofpenetration have been tested in accordance with 705.4,nor

2. be concealed within any assembly which is required tohave a fire resistance rating unless enclosed by or totally embedded within noncombustible materials orunless such materials and methods have been tested inaccordance with 701.2.

SECTION 707COMBUSTIBLES IN CONCEALED SPACES

707.1 Concealed spaces in Types I, II and IV construction.Combustibles shall not be permitted in concealed spaces ofTypes I, II or IV construction.

Exceptions:1. Materials complying with 602 of the Florida

Building Code, Mechanical.

2. Class A interior finish materials.3. Fire retardant treated wood used in accordance with

Table 600 and wood used in accordance with 609.4. Floor finish complying with 803.7.5. Conduit or raceway systems complying with 706.6. Foam plastic insulation complying with2603.7. Thermal insulation materials complying with 708.8. Combustible piping within partitions or enclosed

shafts installed in accordance with the provision ofthis code. Combustible piping may also be usedwithin concealed ceiling spaces when approved.

707.2 Combustibles in plenums. The use of combustiblematerials in plenums shall be restricted in accordance withtheFlorida Building Code, Mechanical.

SECTION 708THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS

708.1 General. Insulating materials, including facings suchas vapor retarders and breather papers, similar coverings andall layers of single and multilayer reflective foil insulations,shall comply with the requirements of this section. Where aflamespread rating or a smoke developed rating is specifiedin this section, such rating shall be determined in accordancewith the ASTM E 84. Any material which is subject to anincrease in flamespread rating or smoke developed ratingbeyond the limits herein established through the effects ofage, moisture, or other atmospheric conditions, shall not bepermitted.

TABLE 705.7 - 708.1

1. Joint systems shall be installed full height in wallassemblies and full length in floor and roof assemblies.

2. Floor and roof assemblies shall be tested with aminimum positive pressure differential of0.01 inch

of water column (2.5 Pa).3. Wall assemblies shall be tested with a minimumpositive pressure differential of 0.01 inch of watercolumn (2.5 Pa) measured at the mid-height of thewall assembly.

4. Joint systems shall contain a splice. For wall assemblies the splice shall be located above the mid-height of the wall assembly.

5. Joint systems shall be tested at the maximum jointwidth for which they are designed. Joint systemsdesigned to accommodate movement shall beexpanded to the maximum joint opening width forwhich they are intended to function.

6. Joint systems designed to be loadbearing shall be

loaded to the maximum design load in accordancewith their intended application.

7. Joint systems designed to accommodate movementshall be preconditioned by cycling between the minimum and the maximum joint opening width forwhich they are intended to function for the numberof cycles specified in Table 705.7 in accordancewith ASTM E 1399.

8. Asymmetrical wall joint systems shall be tested inaccordance with 701.2.4 and 705.7.2.

TABLE 705.7

PRECONDITIONING CYCLES FOR FIRE RESISTANT

JOINT SYSTEMS

705.7.3 Installation.Fire resistant joint systems shall besecurely installed in or on the joint for its entire length soas not to dislodge, loosen or otherwise impair its ability toaccommodate expected building movements and to resistthe passage of fire and hot gases.

705.7.4 Walls. The protection of joints in fire resistantwalls shall comply with the requirements of 705.7.

705.7.5 Floors and roofs.The protection of joints in fireresistant floors and roofs shall comply with the requirements of 705.7.

705.7.6The void created at the intersection of a fire resistant floor or a floor/ceiling assembly and an exterior curtain wall shall be sealed using an approved material orassembly of materials designed and tested for this purpose. The material shall remain in place, sealing the opening, for a time period at least equal to the required fireresistance rating of the floor deck.

TYPE OF JOINT SYSTEM NUMBER OF CYCLES

Expansion/Contraction

Seismic

Wind sway

500

100

500


16/44


ForSI: 1 in = 25.4 mm.

709.2.1.1.2 For hollow-core precast concrete wallpanels in which the cores are of constant cross section throughout the length, the equivalent thicknessmay be calculated by dividing the net cross-sectional area (the gross cross section minus the area of the

cores) of the panel by its width.

709.2.1.1.3Where all of the core spaces of hollow-core wall panels are filled with loose-fill material,such as expanded shale, clay, or slag, or vermiculiteor perlite, the fire resistance rating of the wall is thesame as that of a solid wall of the same concretetype and of the same overall thickness.

709.2.1.1.4 The thickness of panels with taperedcross sections shall be that determined at a distance2t or 6 inches (152 mm), whichever is less, from thepoint of minimum thickness, where t is the minimum thickness.

MINIMUMSLABTHICKNESS (In)

ConcreteTypo

FOR FIRE RESISTANCE RATING OF

1-hr 1-1/2 hr 2-hr 3-hr 4-hr

Siliceous 3.5 4.3 5.0 6.2 7.0Carbonate 3.2 4.0 4.6 5.7 6.6Sand-Lightweight 2.7 3.3 3.8 4.6 5.4

Lightweight 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.4 5.1

SECTION 709CALCULATED FIRE RESISTANCE

709.1 General

709.1.1 Scope. These provisions contain procedures bywhich the fire resistance of specific materials or combinations of materials can be established by calculations.These procedures apply only to the information containedin this section and shall not be otherwise used. The calculated fire resistance of concrete, concrete masonry, andclay masonry assemblies shall be in accordance with thissection or in accordance with ACI 216.1/TMS0216.1.

709.1.2 Definitions.For definitions, see Chapter 2.

709.2 Concrete assemblies709.2.1 Concrete walls

709.2.1.1 Cast-In-Place or precast walls

709.2.1.1.1 The minimum equivalent thicknesses ofcast-in-place or precast concrete walls for fire resistance ratings of 1 hour to 4 hours are shown in Table709.2.1.1.For solid walls with flat vertical surfaces,the equivalent thickness is the same as the thickness.The values in Table 709.2.1.1 apply to plain, reinforced, or prestressed concrete walls.

TABLE 709.2.1.1MINIMUM EQUIVALENT THICKNESS (in) OF CAST-IN-PLACE

OR PRECAST CONCRETE WALLS, LOADBEARINGOR NONLOADBEARING

708.2-709.2.1.1.4

708.2 Concealed installation708.2.1Insulating materials, when concealed as installed,in buildings of any type construction, shall have a flame-spread rating of not more than 75 and a smoke developedrating of not more than 450.

Exception:Cellulose loose-fill insulation, which is notspray applied, complying with the requirements of708.8 shall be required to meet only the smoke developed rating of not more than 450.

708.2.2 When such materials are installed in concealedspaces in buildings of Type III, Type V or Type VI construction, the flamespread and smoke developed limitations do not apply to facings, coverings and layers ofreflective foil insulation that are installed behind and insubstantial contact with the unexposed surface of the ceiling, wall or floor finish.

708.3 Exposed installation708.3.1Insulating materials when exposed as installed inbuildings of any type construction shall have a flame-spread rating of not more than 25 and a smoke developedrating of not more than 450.

Exception:Cellulose loose-fill insulation, which is notspray applied, complying with the requirements of708.8 shall be required to meet only the smoke developed rating of not more than 450.

708.3.2 Attic floors. Exposed insulation materialsinstalled on attic floors shall have a critical radiant flux of

not less than 0.12 watt per square centimeter when testedin accordance with ASTM E 970.

708.4 Loose-Fill insulation. Loose-fill insulation materials,which cannot be mounted in the ASTM E 84 apparatus without a screen or artificial supports, shall comply with theflamespread and smoke developed limits of 708.2 and 708.3when tested in accordance with CAN 4-S102.2-M83.

Exception: Cellulose loose-fill insulation shall not berequired to comply with this test method, provided suchinsulation complies with the requirements of 708.8.

708.5 Roof insulation.The use of combustible roof insula

tion not complying with 708.2 or 708.3 shall be permitted inany type construction provided it is covered with approvedroof coverings directly applied thereto.

708.6 Duct insulation.Duct linings and coverings shall conform to the appropriate requirements of theFlorida BuildingCode, Mechanical.

708.7 Foam plastics.Foam plastics shall comply with 2603.

708.8 Cellulose loose fill insulation. Cellulose loose-fillinsulation shall comply with CPSC 16 CFR, Parts 1209 and1404. Each package of such insulating material shall beclearly labeled as meeting the requirements of CPSC 16CFR, Parts 1209 and 1404.


17/44

For SI: 1 in. = 25.4 mm

THICKNESS OF INSIDE WYTHE OF SANCM.IGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE INCHES

FIGURE 709.2.1.2FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS

TWO-WYTHE CONCRETE WALLS

ForSI:1 in. = 25.4 mm.

709.2.1.2.2 The fire resistance rating for wall panelsconsisting of two or more wythes may be determinedby the formula:

R = (R10.59+R2

0.59+ ... + Rn0.59)1.7 (Eq. 709.2.1.2)

whereR = the fire endurance of the

assembly, minutesR1, R2, and R n = t h e fire endurances oftheindivid

ual wythes, minutes.

Values of Rn0.59for use in Equation 709.2.1.2 are given

in Table 709.2.1.2.

7.17

709.2.1.2 Multi-Wythe walls709.2.1.2.1For walls which consist of two (2) wythesof different types of concrete the fire resistance ratingsmay be determined from Figure 709.2.1.2.

709.2.1.1.5-709.2.1.2.2

709.2.1.1.5The equivalent thickness of panels withribbed or undulating surfaces shall be determined byone of the following expressions:

for s 4t, the thickness to be used shall be t;

for s < 2t, the thickness to be used shall be te;

for 4t > s > 2t, the thickness to be used shall be

t + (4t/s - I ) ( t , - t )

where

s = spacing of ribs or undulations

t = minimum thickness

te = equivalent thickness of the panel calculated as

the net cross-sectional area of the panel divided

by the width, in which the maximum thickness

used in the calculation shall not exceed 2t.


NEGLECTSHADEDAREA IN CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT THICKNESS


18/44

For SI:1in. = 25.4 mm.FIGURE 709.2.1.3

CERAMIC FIBER JOINT PROTECTION


709.2.1.3 Joints between precast wall panels709.2.1.3.1 Joints between precast concrete wallpanels which are not insulated as required by thissection shall be considered as openings in walls.

Uninsulated joints shall be included in determiningthe percentage of openings permitted by Table 600.Where openings are not permitted orarerequired bythis code to be protected, the provisions of this section shall be used to determine the amount of jointinsulation required. Insulated joints shall not beconsidered openings for purposes of determiningcompliance with allowable percentage of openingsin Table 600.

709.2.1.2.3 The fire resistance ratings of precast concrete wall panels consisting ofalayer of foam plastic

insulation sandwiched between two wythes of concrete may be determined by use of Equation709.2.1.2. Foam plastic insulation with a total thickness of less than 1 inch (25 mm) shall be disregarded. The Rnvalue for thickness of foam plastic insulation of 1 inch or greater, for use in the calculation, is5 minutes; thereforeRn

0.59= 2.5.

709.2.1.3.2 Figure 709.2.1.3 shows thicknesses ofceramic fiber blankets to be used to insulate joints

between precast concrete wall panels for variouspanel thicknesses and for joint widths of

3/8 inch

(9.5 mm) and 1inch (25.4 mm) for fire resistancerating of1hour to 4 hours.Forjoint widths between3/8inch (9.5 mm) and 1 inch (25.4 mm), the thickness ofceramicfiberblanket may be determined bydirect interpolation. Other tested and labeled materials may be used in place of ceramicfiberblankets.

R, MINUTES R0.59

60 11.20

120 16.85

180 21.41

240 25.37

ForSI:1 in = 25.4 mm.Notes:

1. Dry unit weight of 35 pcf (560.6 kg/m3) or less and consisting of cellular, perlile. or vermiculite concrete.

2. TheRn0.59value for one 1/2" to 3

1/2" air space is 3.3. TheRn0.59value for two1/2" to 3

1/2" air spaces is 6.7.

3. The fire resistance rating for this thickness exceeds 4 hours.

TYPE OF MATERIAL THICKNESS OF MATERIAL

11/22In 2 In 2

1/2In 3in 3V2In 4in 4V2in 5 In 5 In 6 in 6

1/2ln 7 In

Siliceous aggregate

concrete 5.3 6.5 8.1 9.5 11.3 13.0 14.9 16.9 18.8 20.7 22.8 25.1

Carbonate aggregate

concrete 5.5 7.1 8.9 10.4 12.0 14.0 16.2 18.1 20.3 21.9 24.7 27.2'

Sand-lightweight concrete 6.5 8.2 10.5 12.8 15.5 18.1 20.7 23.3 26.03 Note 3 Note 3 Note 3

Lightweight concrete 6.6 8.8 11.2 13.7 16.5 19.1 21.9 24.7 27.8' Note 3 Note 3 Note 3

Insulating concrete1

9.3 13.3 16.6 18.3 23.1 26.53

Note 3 Note 3 Note 3 Note 3 Note 3 Note 3

Air Space2

TABLE 709.2.1.2VALUES OF R

0.59 FOR USE IN EQUATION 709.2.1.2

TABLE 709.2.1.2 - FIGURE 709.2.1.3


19/44


Note:

1. For portland cement-sand plaster5/8inch (15.9 mm)orlessinthickness and applied directly to the concrete masonryonthe nonflre-exposed sideofthe

wall, the multiplying factor shallbe 1.00.

7.19

TABLE 709.2.1.4A

MULTIPLYING FACTOR FOR FINISHES ON NONFIRE-EXPOSED SIDE OF WALL

709.2.1.4.4Forawall having no finishonone sideor having different types or thicknessesoffinish oneach side, the calculation proceduresof709.2.1.4.2and 709.2.1.4.3 shall be performed twice, i.e.,

assume that either sideofthe wall may be the fire-exposed side. The fire resistance ratingofthe wallshall not exceed the lowerofthe two values.

Exception: For exterior wall with more then 5ft(1524 mm) of horizontal separation, the fire shallbe assumed to occur on the interior side only.

709.2.1.4.5When thefinish applied to aconcretewall contributes to thefireresistance rating, the concrete alone shall providenotless than one-half thetotal required fire resistance rating.

709.2.1.4.6 Finishes on concrete walls whichare

assumed to contribute to the total fire resistance ratingof thewall shall comply with theinstallationrequirementsof709.3.1.6.

709.2.1.4 - TABLE 709.2.1.4A

709.2.1.4 Walls with gypsum wallboard orplasterfinishes

709.2.1.4.1 The fire resistance rating of cast-in-place or precast concrete walls with finishes ofgyp

sum wallboard or plaster applied to one orbothsides may be calculated in accordance with the provisionsofthis section.

709.2.1.4.2Wherethefinish ofgypsum wallboardor plaster isapplied to theside of thewallnotexposedtofire, the contributionofthe finish to thetotalfireresistance rating shallbedetermined as follows: The thicknessofthe finish shall first be corrected by multiplying the actual thickness ofthe finishbythe applicable factor determined from Table709.2.1.4A basedon thetypeofaggregate in theconcrete. Thecorrected thickness of finish shallthenbeaddedtothe actual thicknessorequivalent

thickness of concrete andfireresistance rating of theconcrete and finish determined from Table709.2.1.1,Figure 709.2.1.2, or Table 709.2.1.2.

709.2.1.4.3 Where gypsum wallboardorplasterisapplied to thefire-exposedside ofthewall, the contributionofthe finish to the total fire resistance rating shall be determined as follows: The timeassigned to the finish as established by Table709.2.1.4B shall be added to the fire resistance rating determined from Table 709.2.1.1 or Figure709.2.1.2, or Table 709.2.1.2 for the concrete alone,orto therating determined in709.2.1.4.2 for the

concrete and finish on the nonfire-exposed side.

TYPE OF AGGREGATE USED IN CONCRETEORCONCRETE MASONRY

Concrete: Concrete: Concrete:

Siliceousor Sand-Light- LightweightCarbonate Weight

TYPEOFFINISH Concrete Masonry: Concrete Masonry: Concrete Masonry: Concrete Masonry:APPLIED TO WALL Siliceousor Limestone, Expanded Shale, Pumice,or

Calcareous Cindersor ClayorSlate Expanded

Gravel Unexpanded

Slag

Slag

Portland Cement-

Sand Plaster 1.00 0.751

0.751

0.501

Gypsum-Sand Plaster

or Gypsum Wallboard 1.25 1.00 1.00 1.00

Gypsum- Vermiculite

or Perlite Plaster 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.25


20/44

TABLE 709.2.1.4.B - 709.2.2.2.1

TABLE 709.2.1.4BTIME ASSIGNED TO FINISH MATERIALS ON

FIRE-EXPOSED SIDE OF WALL

709.2.2.1.2 For hollow-core prestressed concreteslabs in which the cores are of constant cross section throughout the length, the equivalent thicknessmay be obtained by dividing the net cross-sectional

area of the slab including grout in the joints, by itswidth.

709.2.2.1.3The thickness of slabs with slopingsoffits shall be determined at a distance 2t or 6 inches(152 mm), whichever is less, from the point of minimum thickness, where t is the minimum thickness.

709.2.2.1.4 The thickness of slabs with ribbed orundulating soffits shall be determined by one of thefollowing expressions, whichever is applicable.

for s > 4t, the thickness to be used shall be t;for s < 2t, the thickness to be used shall be te;for 4t > s > 2t, the thickness to be used shall be

t +(4t/s-1) (te - t)where

s = spacing of ribs or undulations

t = minimum thicknesste = equivalent thickness of the slab calculated as

the net area of the slab divided by the width,in which the maximum thickness used in thecalculation shall not exceed 2t.

NEGLECT SHADED AREA IN CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT THICKNESS

709.2.2.2 Multicourse floors and roofs709.2.2.2.1 Figure 709.2.2A gives information onthe fire resistance ratings of floors which consist ofa base slab of concrete with a topping (overlap) ofa

different type of concrete.


ForS1: 1 in = 25.4 mm.

7.20

For SI: 1 in =25.4mm.

Note:1. The actual thickness of Portland cement-sand plaster, provided it is

5/8 inch (15.9 mm) or less in thickness, may be included in determining the equivalent thickness of the masonry for use in Table709.3.1.

709.2.2 Concrete floor and roof slabs709.2.2.1 Reinforced and prestressed floors and roofs

709.2.2.1.1The minimum thicknesses of reinforcedand prestressed concrete floor or roof slabs for fireresistance ratings of 1hour to 4 hours are shown inTable709.2.2.1.

TABLE 709.2.2.1MINIMUM SLAB THICKNESS (in)

FINISH DESCRIPTI

chapter 7_fire resistant materials and construction

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