chapter 7 review. ____________ amnesia is the inability to form memories for new information while...
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Chapter 7 Review
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•____________ amnesia is the inability to form memories for new information while ____________ amnesia is the inability to recall old memories before an accident, trauma, etc.
•Anterograde; retrograde
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•What are the three categories of long-term memory?
•Semantic, episodic, procedural
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•_________ rehearsal is to simply repeating information to keep it in working memory while _______ rehearsal is to actively reviewing info and making connections.
•Maintenance; elaborative
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•What is the capacity and duration of STM and LTM?
•20 seconds and 5-9 items; limitless & limitless
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•________ memory is to visual sensory memory that lasts ¼ of a second, while ______ memory is auditory memory that lasts 3-4 seconds.
•Iconic; echoic
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•Please give an example of a flashbulb memory.
•JFK assassination, 9/11, etc…
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•_________ memory is to memories that you did not deliberately learn, while ________ memory is to memories that have purposely been learned and recalled.
•Implicit; explicit
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•_______ is when you must reproduce previously learned material while _______ is when you must identify present stimuli that have already been presented.
•Recall, recognition
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•Information that is more thoroughly connected to meaningful items in LTM will be remembered better.
•Levels-of-processing theory
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•Hermann Ebbinghaus found that the amount of forgetting information just learned drops dramatically at first and then becomes stable. This is called…
•The forgetting curve
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•________ interference is the blocking of old information by new, while ______ interference is the blocking of new information by old.
•Retroactive; proactive
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•According to the serial position effect, you will have the most trouble recalling information in the _____ of a list.
•Middle
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•You were a witness to a crime. The police officer asked how tall the man was that robbed the store. You answer 6 feet tall and then describe the man that way when telling the story later. In reality, the robber was a woman. What just happened?
•Misinformation effect or expectancy bias
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•Who is the psychologist that believed we are born with a language acquisition device that helps facilitate the rapid learning of language?
•Noam Chomsky
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•The smallest meaningful units of language are _______ and the smallest units of sound in language are _______.
•Morphemes; phonemes
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•“After we saw the gooses at the zoo, Timmy got in a fight with Jimmy and hitted him.” What is this?
•Overregularization
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•_____ concepts are mental representations of objects and events based on direct experiences while _______ concepts are based on definitions, rules, and formulas.
•Natural; artificial
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•When solving an algebra problem with a formula, I am using a(n) ____________. If I am trying to figure out who to marry, I will most likely use a(n) ___________ instead.
•Algorithm; heuristic
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•My dad didn’t need a coffee filter when he couldn’t find one in my kitchen. He used a paper towel instead. He was NOT experiencing _________.
•Functional fixedness
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•The _______ bias causes us to ignore or find fault with information that we don’t agree with, while the _______ bias causes us to think that we could have known the outcome of an event in advance.
•Confirmation; hindsight