chapter 7 five basic sentence types. sentence slots subject predicate mv int = intransitive (no...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 7
Five Basic Sentence Types
![Page 2: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Sentence Slots
Subject Predicate
MVint = Intransitive (no object)
MVBE = BE as the main verb
MVlink = BE, appear, become, etc… NP1
MVtr = Transitive (requires an object)
Subj predicate
S
NP VP
![Page 3: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What’s the predicate pattern?
The customer complained persistently Carla must have enrolled rather early A telephone is ringing Jan snores loudly Fish swim
A. Verbs (+ Nouns)B. Verbs (+ Adj’s)C. Verbs (+ Adv’s) D. ADJs (+ Adv’s)
Sentence Type I
![Page 4: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Type I: Intransitive Verb Sentence ends with:
Verbialor
Adverbial
Tests Main verb is not “BE” Divide predicate into phrases
If all phrases are VP or ADVP = Intransitive
Test for ADVP by substitution
![Page 5: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Common Intransitive Verbs Disappear Complain Snore Rise Fall Sob
Cry Begin Grow Melt See Live Return
Ask yourself if the action is done in some way, in some direction or to some degree.
![Page 6: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Type I: NP + MVint (+ADV)
Type I or not? The bus stops here on Mondays Becky stepped very carelessly into the
street It was Tuesday so the bus almost hit
her
![Page 7: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Find the Type I Construction…
A.
B.
![Page 8: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Diagramming
(you) Stay__downwind
(you) Stay downwind
Sentence Type I
![Page 9: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Treeing
S
NP VP
(you) Stay downwind
MVP ADV
(you) Stay downwind
Sentence Type I
![Page 10: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Find a Type I Sentence…
… in your G & C paper
NP + MVint (+ADV)
![Page 11: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What’s the predicate pattern?
Jesse is outside. Her job interviews were yesterday. The reception will be at noon. Cheryl’s notebook must have been
on the desk. A. VIntrans. + ADV manner
B. VTrans. + ADJ subject
complement C. BE + ADJ subject complementD. BE + ADV time/place
Sentence Type II
![Page 12: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Type II: BE + ADV of Time/Place
Sentence includes: Linking (BE) Verb
AND Adverbial Complement (required)
Complement = something that completes…
Tests Is the Main Verb “BE”? Is “BE” followed by ADVP of time or
place?
![Page 13: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Type II: NP + MVBE + Advt/p
Are these Type II? I am here now I am happy to be here I must have been elsewhere
yesterday I like go to China during the summer
![Page 14: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Find the Type II Construction…
A. Your car keys are under the sofa
B. You like to wear women’s shoes
Sentence Type II
![Page 15: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diagramming
keys areunder
carYour
the
sofa
Your car keys are under the sofa
Sentence Type II
![Page 16: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
TreeingS
NP VP
Your car keys are under the sofa
MVP ADVP
Sentence Type II
DET ADJ N PREP DET N
![Page 17: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What’s the Pattern?
Sheila is beautiful Her parties are very lavish She is becoming friendly Her husband has seemed happier
Sentence Type III
A. MVtr + Direct object
B. MVint + ADV manner
C. MVlink + ADJ subj. complement
D. MVBE + Nominal subj.
complement
![Page 18: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Type III: Linking Verb + Adj Subj Comp
Sentences contain: Linking Verb
AND Subject Complement (AKA Predicate
Adjective)
Tests Is the MVP followed by ADJP? Is the MV “BE” or substitutable with
“BE”? e.g. appear, become, seem grow, feel, look, sound…
![Page 19: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Common Linking Verbs
BE
Seem Become Taste Feel Look
See p. 212 for more…
![Page 20: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Type III: NP + MVlink + Adj Subj Comp
Are these Type III? Fred seems to be angry His cashmere sweater feels silky Pat looked surprisingly happy after his
loss He looked as though he had been up all
night
![Page 21: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Type III Constructions: (x2)
1 2 3 4
A. 1 & 2B. 2 & 3
C. 3 & 4D. 2 & 4
![Page 22: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Diagramming
I ‘m \ busy
I’m busy
Sentence Type III
![Page 23: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Treeing I’m busy
S
NP VP
I ‘m
MVP ADJP
busy
Sentence Type III
Pron
![Page 24: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What’s the Pattern? Jack and Jill are cousins Their trip to the well was a failure The hill is becoming a jungle Jack and Jill remained friends after their
tumble down the hill
A. MVtr + Direct object
B. MVlink + Nominal subj.
complement
C. MVlink + ADJ subj.
complement
D. MVBE + Nominal subj.
complement
![Page 25: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Type IV: Linking Verb + Nom Subj Comp
Sentence contains: Linking Verb
AND NP that complements the subject (NP1)
AKA NP1 + MVlink + NP1
Tests Is the MVP followed by another NP?
Does this NP refer to the same entity as the Subj?
Is the MV “BE” or substitutable with “BE”? Can “may be classified as” substitute for the MV?
![Page 26: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Type IV: NP + MVlink + Nom Subj Comp
Are these sentences Type IV? That paint is the right color The train disappeared into a tunnel Her carrot cake was a dreadful failure
![Page 27: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Type IV Constructions? (x2)
1 2 3 4
A. 1 & 2B. 2 & 3
C. 3 & 4D. 2 & 4
![Page 28: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Diagramming
Mario is \ guy____
Mario is a very busy guy
Complements the subjectbusy
very
a
![Page 29: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Treeing
S
NP1VP
Mario is
MVP NP1
very
Mario is a very busy guy
a busy guy
Advart Adj N
![Page 30: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What’s the Pattern? Dave threw the ball to George John saw Bill Three minnows were nibbling her
toes Pecan pie enlivens any meal The man had bought a cake for
dinnerA. MVtr + Direct object
B. MVint + Nominal subj.
complement
C. MVlink + ADJ subj.
complement
D. MVBE + Nominal subj.
complement
![Page 31: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Type V: Transitive Verb + D.O.
Sentence is constructed like this: NP1 + MVtr + NP2
Subject = Actor Object = Item Acted upon (Receiver of
Action)
Tests for Direct Object: Who? What? ≠ NP1
![Page 32: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Transitive vs. Linking Verbs
Transitive verbs: show “action” answer the question 'what.'
Dad grew old.
Dad was old.
This makes sense.
In this case “grew” is a linking verb.
Dad grew a beard.
Dad was a beard.
This makes NO sense.
In this case “grew” is a transitive verb.
![Page 33: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Type V Sentence…
![Page 34: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Diagramming
I hate | hour
I hate happy hour
happy
Direct Object
![Page 35: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Treeing
S
NP1VP
I hate
MVP NP2
happy hour
ADJ N
![Page 36: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
How many Type V Constructions?
A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4
![Page 37: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
In your G & C paper…
Find as many types as you can… Type I: NP + MVint (+ADV) Type II: NP + MVBE + Advt/p
Type III: NP + MVlink + Adj Subj Comp
Type IV: NP + MVlink + Nom Subj Comp
Type V: NP1 + MVtr + NP2
![Page 38: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Analyzing Sentences…
…why we should care
![Page 39: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Error?
What sentence type this? How does that relate to the error?
The baby’s mother is a king.
1. Find the Error2. Explain it3. Fix it
![Page 40: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Sentence Type
She slept a baby in the crib.
Hint: MVint doesn’t take an object
1. Find the Error2. Explain it3. Fix it
![Page 41: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Sentence Type
At night, the baby’s nurses always speak very quiet.
Hints: MVint
ADV complement
1. Find the Error2. Explain it3. Fix it
![Page 42: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Sentence Type
[Wicked is prototypically an adjective] Knowing that it is an adjective automatically informs that it is describing something.
Hints: Type V (Transitive Verb) MVtr requires an object
1. Find the Error2. Explain it3. Fix it
![Page 43: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Comma Usage
Never put a single comma between the Subject and Predicate or between the Verb and its complements
Use two commas to set off anything that interrupts the Subject and predicate or the Verb and its complements
![Page 44: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
You Tell Me…
All contact center technicians work together in a single room, with most of the workspaces around the perimeter.
Hint: To comma or not to comma…
Confession: This is an error from one of my papers
1. Find the Error2. Explain it3. Fix it
![Page 45: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Diagramming Review
NPs & VPs on flat lines Major break between Subject & Predicate Modifiers on slanted lines Subject Complement go on main line after “\”
Direct Objects go on main line after “|”
\ ____Adj
NP1 VPAdv
Subj Comp.
| Adj
NP1 VP
Adv
NP2
Adj/Adv
Prep Noun
![Page 46: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Treeing Review
Start by writing sentence at the bottom Work up word by word, joining phrases Separate Subject & Predicate with NP // VP
S
NP VP
Art N V Adj
The students are smart
S
NP VP
Art N V Adv
The students areupstairs
![Page 47: Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types. Sentence Slots Subject Predicate MV int = Intransitive (no object) MV BE = BE as the main verb MV link = BE, appear,](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649f065503460f94c1c067/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Quiz Tomorrow
Review Slides, text & exercises…