chapter 7 cell structure & function. biology i – 10/23/12 turn in vocab terms microscope lab...
TRANSCRIPT
7.2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Objectives:
Describe the function of the nucleus Describe the functions of the major cell
organelles Identify the main roles of the
cytoskeleton
7.2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cell organization
Organelles “little organs” the specialized
structures within the cell that perform a function
Cytoplasm
The fluid that fills the entire cell The portion of the cell outside of the
nucleus
In plants and animals
The Nucleus
“Control center” of the cell Contains nearly all of the cell’s DNA &,
with it, the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules
In plants and animals
Rough ER-looks like continuous tubes
Has ribosomes on its surface Modifies proteins Produces proteins that will eventually leave
the cell
Golgi Apparatus
Looks like a stack of flat pancakes
Proteins produced in the rough ER move here
Modifies, sorts, & packages materials from the ER
Lysosomes (cont)
Found mostly in white blood cells Have been linked to diseases, such as Tay
Sach’s Tay Sach’s is a disorder that is caused by
a genetic defect that prevents the formation of an essential enzyme that breaks down lipids
These lipids build up in the body and can cause nerve damage; prognosis is not good
Peroxisome
Look like lysosomes Contains enzymes such as catalase Hydrogen peroxide is broken down here
Vacuoles
Large sac-like, membrane enclosed structures
Storage unit Larger in plant cells
Pressure allows plants to support heavy structures
Chloroplasts
Capture energy from the sun & convert it into chemical energy – photosynthesis!
Where photosynthesis occurs
Only in plant cells
Cytoskeleton
helps cells keep its shape
The framework of the cell
Made up of microfilaments and microtubules